The relationship between the effect of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) on the induction of secondary laticifer differentiation and the distribution of JA in the seedling of Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg. was investigated ...The relationship between the effect of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) on the induction of secondary laticifer differentiation and the distribution of JA in the seedling of Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg. was investigated with the aid of experimental morphological and radioisotope technique. Most radioactivity of H-3-JA sustained in treated site within one hour while no radioactivity was detected in new shoot and the radioactivity in upper leaf was much less than that in the parts below the treated site, suggesting that JA was mainly transported downwards in the shoot of H brasiliensis. Mechanical wounding hindered the entrance of exogenous JA remarkably while held back the entered JA to the regions around wounded site. The effect of exogenous JA and mechanical wounding on the induction of the secondary laticifer differentiation was limited to treated site where high level of JA was expected. Mechanical wounding reduced the effect of exogenous JA on the differentiation of secondary laticifer, which could be ascribed to the hindrance of mechanical wounding to the entrance of exogenous JA. It was concluded from the combined data that a high accumulation of JA was required for inducing the secondary laticifer differentiation in H. brasiliensis.展开更多
The changes of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in a hybrid poplar （Populus simonii xp. pyramidalis ＇Opera 8277＇） in response to rnechanical damage （MD） and herbivore wound...The changes of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in a hybrid poplar （Populus simonii xp. pyramidalis ＇Opera 8277＇） in response to rnechanical damage （MD） and herbivore wounding （HW） were investigated to determine whether H2O2 could function as the secondary messenger in the signaling of systemic resistance. Results show that H2O2 was generated in wounded leaves through MD and HW treatments and systemically in unwounded leaves around the wounded leaves. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） were also enhanced. However, the H2O2 accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities were inhibited in MD leaves through the pretreatment with DPI （which is a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase）. The results of this study suggest that H2O2 could be systemically induced by MD and HW treatments, and H2O2 metabolism was closely related to the change in SOD, APX and CAT activities. A high level of antioxidant enzymes could decrease membrane lipid peroxidation levels and effectively induce plant defense responses.展开更多
This study was to investigate the responses of phospholipase D（PLD） and lipoxygenase（LOX） to mechanical wounding in postharvest cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.cv.Biyu-2） fruits.Membrane-associated Ca2＋ content,acti...This study was to investigate the responses of phospholipase D（PLD） and lipoxygenase（LOX） to mechanical wounding in postharvest cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.cv.Biyu-2） fruits.Membrane-associated Ca2＋ content,activities and gene expression of PLD and LOX,and contents of phosphatidylcholine（PC）,phosphatidylinositol（PI）,and phosphatidic acid（PA） were determined in cucumber fruits following mechanical wounding.Results show that PLD and LOX activities increased with the PLD and LOX mRNAs which are upregulated upon wounding,while membrane-associated Ca^2＋ content decreased.Accompanying with the increase of PLD and LOX activities,accumulation of PA and losses of PC and PI were observed in all fruits,but there were differences of degrees between wounded and control fruits.Results suggest that PLD and LOX might be the main hydrolytic enzymes of phospholipids in postharvest cucumber fruits participating in the mechanical wounding injury.The activation of PLD and LOX might be the result of gene expression,which could be This study was to investigate the responses of phospholipase D（PLD） and lipoxygenase（LOX） to mechanical wounding in postharvest cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.cv.Biyu-2） fruits.Membrane-associated Ca^2＋ content,activities and gene expression of PLD and LOX,and contents of phosphatidylcholine（PC）,phosphatidylinositol（PI）,and phosphatidic acid（PA） were determined in cucumber fruits following mechanical wounding.Results show that PLD and LOX activities increased with the PLD and LOX mRNAs which are upregulated upon wounding,while membrane-associated Ca2＋ content decreased.Accompanying with the increase of PLD and LOX activities,accumulation of PA and losses of PC and PI were observed in all fruits,but there were differences of degrees between wounded and control fruits.Results suggest that PLD and LOX might be the main hydrolytic enzymes of phospholipids in postharvest cucumber fruits participating in the mechanical wounding injury.The activation of PLD and LOX might be the result of gene expression,which could be stimulated by the Ca^2＋ flowing from the membrane to the cytoplasm upon receiving the wounding signals.展开更多
The roles of on endogenous jasmonates （JAs） and salicylic acid （SA） in wounding response were investigated. Pea （Pisum sativum L.） seedlings were treated with three different methods including mechanical woundin...The roles of on endogenous jasmonates （JAs） and salicylic acid （SA） in wounding response were investigated. Pea （Pisum sativum L.） seedlings were treated with three different methods including mechanical wounding, JAs application, and SA application. The contents of endogenous JAs and SA, as well as the activities of the related enzymes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, and spectrophotometer, respectively. The results showed that endogenous JA rapidly accumulated within 30 min after wounding. The increase in the activities of both lipoxygenase （LOX） and allene oxide synthase （AOS） lagged behind JAs burst. A second slight increase in JAs level was observed at 24 h after wounding treatment, and at the same time point, higher activities of LOX and AOS were also detected. Endogenous free SA content decreased accompanied with JAs burst. Effects of exogenous JA application were similar to those of wounding treatment on endogenous SA level and phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） activity, whereas exogenous SA application led to the significant inhibition of LOX and AOS activities and the decrease of endogenous JAs level at the early stage of treatment. It is thus suggested that JAs burst and SA decrease in early response to wounding may constitute an important mechanism by which plant starts the related defense reaction and adapts to wounding stress.展开更多
The changes of malondialdehyde （MDA）, H2O2, and O2^7 content, or the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascrobate peroxidase （APX）, peroxidase （POD）, phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL...The changes of malondialdehyde （MDA）, H2O2, and O2^7 content, or the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascrobate peroxidase （APX）, peroxidase （POD）, phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）, and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in pea seedlings （Pisum sativum L.） under wounding and treatment of exogenous jasmonic acid （JA） were investigated. The results showed that the activities of both phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） were significantly increased by wounding and application of JA. The metabolism of reaction oxidative species （ROS） was enhanced, especially O2^7 and H2O2 appeared to rapidly increase. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, APX and POD were also increased. Treatment of JA of 1 or 10 μmol L^-1 could effectively induce plant defense response, and thus decrease the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. However, high concentration of JA （100 μmol L^-1） resulted in unbalance of metabolism of ROS and promoted the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. We thus suggested that JA, under the suitable concentration, could induce defense response of pea seedlings to wounding.展开更多
Analyzes and calculates the process of development of a temporary cavity in the muscle directly after a projectile wounds organisms at a high speed. The muscle is taken as a non compressible Voigt Kelvin viscoel...Analyzes and calculates the process of development of a temporary cavity in the muscle directly after a projectile wounds organisms at a high speed. The muscle is taken as a non compressible Voigt Kelvin viscoelastic fluid model, on the assumption of moving in a radial direction and on spherical symmetry, a theoretical model proposed using the basic equations of the non Newtonian fluid mechanics. The model can well describe the pulsation process of the temporary cavity and changes of pressure in the cavity. The calculated results are in correspondence with the experimental results. The model can be applied in the quantitative analysis of a temporary cavity.展开更多
The changes of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in a hybrid poplar(Populus simonii ×P.pyramidalis ‘Opera 8277') in response to mechanical damage(MD) and herbivore wounding...The changes of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in a hybrid poplar(Populus simonii ×P.pyramidalis ‘Opera 8277') in response to mechanical damage(MD) and herbivore wounding(HW) were investigated to determine whether H2O2 could function as the secondary messenger in the signaling of systemic resistance.Results show that H2O2 was generated in wounded leaves through MD and HW treatments and systemically in unwounded leaves around the wounded leaves.The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase(APX) were also enhanced.However, the H2O2 accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities were inhibited in MD leaves through the pretreatment with DPI(which is a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase).The results of this study suggest that H2O2 could be systemically induced by MD and HW treatments, and H2O2 metabolism was closely related to the change in SOD, APX and CAT activities.A high level of antioxidant enzymes could decrease membrane lipid peroxidation levels and effectively induce plant defense responses.展开更多
The archeospores released from the blades of Neopyropia yezoensis via dedifferentiated vegetative cells have drawn attention both in cultivation and research.Wounding-induced archeospores formation and release have be...The archeospores released from the blades of Neopyropia yezoensis via dedifferentiated vegetative cells have drawn attention both in cultivation and research.Wounding-induced archeospores formation and release have been observed in N.yezoensis,but the mechanism behind them is unclear.In this study,the involvement of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the process of wounding-induced archeospores formation and release was investigated.Based on ROS fluorescence observations,the blade fragments began to accumulate ROS after 12 h wounding,while no ROS signals were observed in normal blades.Next,when the blade fragments were treated with ROS inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium(DPI),it showed that the production of archeopores was significantly suppressed.Under normal culturing after wounding,78.3%of the fragments could release archeospores,and the ROS fluorescence was enriched in the released archeospores.Under 0.05μM DPI treatment,the percentage of fragments releasing archeospores was dropped to 16.2%,with decreased ROS fluorescence levels.Under 0.1μM DPI treatment,no archeospores were released from the fragments,and ROS fluorescence was also undetectable in the fragments.Our findings proved that ROS are essential for wounding-induced archeospores production,which might play regulatory roles in the cell dedifferentiation of N.yezoensis.展开更多
Pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) were used as materials to test the timings and compartments of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggered by wounding and exogenous jasmonic acid (JA). The results showed that H2O2 could be sy...Pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) were used as materials to test the timings and compartments of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggered by wounding and exogenous jasmonic acid (JA). The results showed that H2O2 could be systemically induced by wounding and exogenous JA. H2O2 increased within 1 h and reached the peak 3―5 h after wounding in either the wounded leaves or the unwounded leaves adjacent to the wounded ones and the inferior leaves far from the wounded ones. After this, H2O2 decreased and recovered to the control level 12 h after wounding. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, however, were rapidly increased by wounding. Diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, could significantly inhibit H2O2 burst that was mediated by wounding and exogenous JA. Assay of H2O2 subcellular location showed that H2O2 in response to wounding and exogenous JA was predominantly accumulated in plasma membrane, cell wall and apoplasmic space. Numerous JA (gold particles) was found via immu- nogold electron microscopy to be located in cell wall and phloem zones of mesophyll cell after wounding.展开更多
The MYB transcription factor genes play important roles in many developmental processes and various defense responses of plants. The shikimate pathway is a major biosynthetic pathway for the production of three aromat...The MYB transcription factor genes play important roles in many developmental processes and various defense responses of plants. The shikimate pathway is a major biosynthetic pathway for the production of three aromatic amino acids and other aromatic compounds that are involved in multiple responses of plants, including protection against UV and defense. Herein, we describe the characterization of the R2R3-MYB gene AtMYB15as an activator of the shikimate pathway in Arabidopsis. The AtMYB15 protein is nuclear localized and a transcriptional activation domain is found in its C-terminal portion. Northern blots showed that AtMYB15 is an early wounding-inducible gene. Resutls of microarray analysis, confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, showed that overexpression of AtMYB15 in transgenic plants resulted in elevated expression of almost all the genes involved in the shikimate pathway. Bioinformatics analysis showed that one or more AtMYB15-binding AC elements were detected in the promoters of these upregulated genes. Furthermore, these genes in the shikimate pathway were also found to be induced by wounding. These data suggest an important role of AtMYB15as a possible direct regulator of the Arabidopsis shikimate pathway in response to wounding.展开更多
Nearly half a century ago insect herbivores were found to induce the formation of green islands by manipulating cytokinin （CK） levels. However, the response of the CK pathway to attack by chewing insect herbivores r...Nearly half a century ago insect herbivores were found to induce the formation of green islands by manipulating cytokinin （CK） levels. However, the response of the CK pathway to attack by chewing insect herbivores remains unclear. Here, we characterize the CK pathway of Nicotiana attenuata （Torr. ex S. Wats.） and its response to wounding and perception of herbivoreassociated molecular patterns （HAMPs）. We identified 44 genes involved in CK biosynthesis, inactivation, degradation, and signaling. Leaf wounding rapidly induced transcriptional changes in multiple genes throughout the pathway, as well as in the levels of CKs, including isopentenyladenosine and cis-zeatin riboside; perception of HAMPs present in the oral secretions （OS） of the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta amplified these responses. The jasmonate pathway, which triggers many herbivore-induced processes, was not required for these HAMP-triggered changes, but rather suppressed the CK responses. Interestingly CK pathway changes were observed also in systemic leaves in response to wounding and OS application indicating a role of CKs in mediating long distance systemic processes in response to herbivory. Since wounding and grasshopper OS elicited similar accumulations of CKs in Arabidopsis thaliana L., we propose that CKs are integral components of wounding and HAMP-triggered responses in many plant species.展开更多
Objective:: To understand wounding characteristics in dogs wounded by super velocity projectile with a purpose of providing a basis for prevention and treatment of such wounds. Methods: A specially-made explosive gun ...Objective:: To understand wounding characteristics in dogs wounded by super velocity projectile with a purpose of providing a basis for prevention and treatment of such wounds. Methods: A specially-made explosive gun was used to shoot aluminium bullet weighing 3.0 g and 1.4 g to injure both legs of dogs at velocities of 2*!330 m/s, 3*!200 m/s and 4*!250 m/s, respectively, and the soap specially made was also shot. At the same time, steel ball of 1.03 g was shot with a Type 53 smooth chamber gun at a speed of 1*!280 m/s. Within 30 min after wounding, debridement and pathological anatomy were performed and specimens were taken for light microscope observation. Results: When the dogs were wounded by the 3 g bullet at speed of 2*!330 m/s, the entrance of the left leg was penetrated explosively with a defect area of 225 cm 2, and the femur trunk was also injured and the residual femur had comminution fracture. The exit of the right leg was blindly wounded with a defect area of 63 cm 2, but only the skin was not penetrated. Both testes and part pelvis were injured too. Under light microscope, degenerative myofibers and bleeding of the spatium between the myofibers could be found at the place 4 cm away from the wounding track. Furthermore, serious bleeding of the bladder and blood vessels of the brain could be observed. The lungs showed changes of blast injury. Vacuolar change was presented in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Injuries of the animals in other two experimental groups were similar to those described above, but the defect area of the wounded track was 124 cm 2 in the group of 4*!250 m/s. Injuries caused by the steel ball were milder than caused by the explosive gun. The volume of the residual cavity in the soap was 5*!000 ml. Conclusions: The super-velocity projectile causes destructive damage to the local tissues and multi-organ injuries. Therefore, the practical medical care needs not only amputation but also management of multi-organ injuries.展开更多
Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimeti...Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimetic Janus nanofiber membrane as a water diode,which endows with gradient wettability and gradient pore size,offering sustainable unidirectional self-drainage and antibacterial properties for enhanced diabetic wound healing.The Janus membrane is fabricated by depositing a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile/chlorin e6 layer with smaller pore sizes onto a hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone)with larger pore sizes,thereby generating a vertical gradient in both wettability and pore structure.The incorporation of chlorin e6 in the upper layer enables the utilization of external light energy to generate heat for evaporation and produce reactive oxygen species,achieving a high sterilization efficiency of 99%.Meanwhile,the gradient structure of the Janus membrane facilitates continuous antigravity exudate drainage at a rate of 0.95 g cm^(−2) h^(−1).This dual functionality of effective exudate drainage and sterilization significantly reduces inflammatory factors,allows the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 proliferative phenotype,enhances angiogenesis,and accelerates wound healing.Therefore,this study provides a groundbreaking bioinspired strategy for the development of advanced wound dressings tailored for diabetic wound regeneration.展开更多
Plasmonic gold nanoflowers(AuNFs)exhibit considerable potential in wound repair therapy due to their excellent photothermal conversion capability,high surface area,and multi-enzyme activities.However,the intrinsic pro...Plasmonic gold nanoflowers(AuNFs)exhibit considerable potential in wound repair therapy due to their excellent photothermal conversion capability,high surface area,and multi-enzyme activities.However,the intrinsic pro-oxidative properties of AuNFs limit their therapeutic efficacy in diabetic wound treatment.To overcome this limitation,a near-infrared plasmonic Au@CDCe nanohybrid system that can enhance antioxidative performance through the synergistic effects of localized surface plasmon resonance-induced photothermal effect and hot electrons is developed.Specifically,AuNFs serve as near-infrared plasmonic exciters,generating hot electrons that are efficiently transferred to cerium-doped carbon dots(CDCe).Combined with mild photothermal effects,these processes synergistically enhance hydroxyl radical scavenging activity,as well as superoxide dismutase-and catalase-mimicking activities.In vitro experiments demonstrate that Au@CDCe effectively protects cells from oxidative damage,and promotes cell proliferation and migration.In vivo evaluations confirm its ability to modulate the immune microenvironment and accelerate diabetic wound healing.This work establishes a new paradigm for modulating the oxidative stress microenvironment through antioxidant gold-based plasmonic nanozymes and provides novel insights into tuning of prooxidant nanozyme into plasmon-enhanced antioxidant nanozyme.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effects of a piceatannol-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system(PIC-SNEDDS)on wound healing in diabetic rats and its mechanisms of wound healing action.Methods:Diabetes was induced ...Objective:To evaluate the effects of a piceatannol-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system(PIC-SNEDDS)on wound healing in diabetic rats and its mechanisms of wound healing action.Methods:Diabetes was induced in rats using streptozotocin,after which full-thickness excisional wounds were created.Piceatannol was administered topically either as a raw hydrogel or formulated into a PIC-SNEDDS,which was prepared using an optimized oil-surfactant mixture and incorporated into a hydrogel for application.Wound healing activity was assessed through measurements of wound contraction,oxidative stress biomarkers,and collagen content,along with histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory,angiogenic,and remodeling markers.Results:PIC-SNEDDS markedly enhanced diabetic wound healing by promoting epithelial regeneration,granulation tissue formation,epidermal proliferation,and keratinization.The formulation also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers(interleukin-6,nuclear factor-kappa B,and tumor necrosis factor-α)while increasingα-smooth muscle actin,transforming growth factor-β1,vascular endothelial growth factor-A,and hydroxyproline levels.Additionally,it improved antioxidant status by lowering malondialdehyde levels and boosting superoxide dismutase and catalase activity,along with upregulation of COL1A1 mRNA expression.Conclusions:PIC-SNEDDS promotes the healing of diabetic wounds and exhibits anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,pro-collagen,and angiogenic properties.展开更多
Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the ...Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the authors present a machine learning-based risk prediction approach using routinely available clinical and laboratory parameters.Among the evaluated algorithms,a decision tree model demonstrated excellent discrimination,achieving an area under the curve of 0.951 in the validation set and notably identifying all true cases of delayed wound healing at the Youden index threshold.The inclusion of variables such as drainage duration,preoperative white blood cell and neutrophil counts,alongside age and sex,highlights the pragmatic appeal of the model for early postoperative monitoring.Nevertheless,several aspects warrant critical reflection,including the reliance on a postoperative variable(drainage duration),internal validation only,and certain reporting inconsistencies.This letter underscores both the promise and the limitations of adopting interpretable machine learning models in perioperative care.We advocate for transparent reporting,external validation,and careful consideration of clinically actionable timepoints before integration into practice.Ultimately,this work represents a valuable step toward precision risk stratification in gastric cancer surgery,and sets the stage for multicenter,prospective evaluations.展开更多
Diabetic wound healing remains a major clinical challenge,primarily due to excessive inflammation,bacterial infection,and impaired angiogenesis.Although various biomaterial-based strategies have been explored,coordina...Diabetic wound healing remains a major clinical challenge,primarily due to excessive inflammation,bacterial infection,and impaired angiogenesis.Although various biomaterial-based strategies have been explored,coordinating the complex diabetic wound microenvironment remains difficult to achieve.This study proposes a novel multifunctional hydrogel dressing designed to synergistically address multiple issues.Its key innovation lies in dynamically crosslinking deer antler decellularized matrix(dECM)with oxidized dextran via imine bonds,creating a self-healing hydrogel(dECMH).The deer antler dECM,rich in pro-regenerative components,provides a biomimetic scaffold,while Schiff base crosslinking confers mechanical self-healing and injectability.To further address the complexity of diabetic wounds,magnesium gallate metalorganic frameworks(Mg-EGCG)were embedded within the dECMH network,forming Mg-EGCG@dECMH.This innovative combination enables sustained co-delivery of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)—possessing antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant properties—alongside magnesium ions that actively promote cell proliferation and vascular regeneration.In vitro analyses confirmed the hydrogel's capacity to enhance endothelial cell proliferation,boost angiogenesis,and mitigate oxidative stress.In vivo evaluations demonstrated accelerated wound healing,manifested by rapid inflammation resolution,ordered collagen deposition,and stimulated neovascularization.Additionally,the material exhibited excellent biocompatibility,hemostatic effects,and antimicrobial activity.This multifunctional dressing synergistically integrates the inherent bioactivity of unique antler decellularized matrix with the multimodal therapeutic effects of metal-organic nanocomposites,offering an innovative and effective strategy for diabetic wound management.展开更多
Drug-resistant bacteria,using their dense cell membranes as strong barrier,significantly reduce the efficacy of conventional antibacterial treatments.Phototriggered 2D catalytic nanomaterials have emerged as promising...Drug-resistant bacteria,using their dense cell membranes as strong barrier,significantly reduce the efficacy of conventional antibacterial treatments.Phototriggered 2D catalytic nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates against drug-resistant bacteria by inducing membrane mechanical damage and generating reactive oxygen species(ROS).However,the practical antibacterial efficacy of typical 2D graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is severely limited due to the low ROS production.Herein,we report an interfacial band-engineered lamellar heterojunctions(MnCN LHJs)through in situ Mn_(2)O_(3)growth on g-C_(3)N_(4).The charges generated in g-C_(3)N_(4)are stabilized by Mn_(2)O_(3),minimizing electron-hole recombination and boosting ROS production.Meanwhile,the photocatalytic effect of MnCN LHJs works synergistically with photothermal effects of Mn_(2)O_(3)to induce a robust“melee attack”against drug-resistant bacteria.High-resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography directly visualized that MnCN LHJs possessed bacterial trapping capabilities,revealing their ability to induce mechanical damage to bacteria membrane for the first time.Additionally,MnCN LHJs can deplete endogenous glutathione,thereby enhancing ROS generation and weakening the bacterial antioxidant defense system.These combined effects achieve a remarkable bactericidal rate exceeding 98% against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Notably,MnCN LHJs demonstrate prolonged retention at wound sites,helping to reduce inflammation and promote angiogenesis in infected wounds.This work not only advances interfacial band engineering approach to enhance the photocatalytic performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)but also underscores the significance of nanomaterial-bacteria interaction in design of next-generation antibacterial materials.展开更多
The wound mechanism,injury characteristics and treatment principles of anti-armored vehicle ammunition against armored crew in the past 20 years are summarized in this paper.Shock vibration,metal jet,depleted uranium ...The wound mechanism,injury characteristics and treatment principles of anti-armored vehicle ammunition against armored crew in the past 20 years are summarized in this paper.Shock vibration,metal jet,depleted uranium aerosol and post armor breaking effect are the main factors for wounding armored crew.Their prominent characteristics are severe injury,high incidence of bone fracture,high rate of depleted uranium injury,and high incidence of multiple/combined injuries.During the treatment,attention must be paid on that the space of armored vehicle is limited,and the casualties should be moved outside of the cabin for comprehensive treatment.Especially,the management of depleted uranium injury and burn/inhalation injury are more important than other injuries for the armored wounds.展开更多
Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) has been showed to be able to induce stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. in previous investigations. The transport and distribution of 3H-JA affected by localized scorch on V. faba seedl...Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) has been showed to be able to induce stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. in previous investigations. The transport and distribution of 3H-JA affected by localized scorch on V. faba seedling were studied with radioisotope technique. The results showed that 3H-JA could be transported up or down at the rate of 4-5 cm·min -1 following feeding into root or shoot tip. The transport of 3H-JA in shoot reached a relative stable rate at 30 min after being fed through root. Wounding by scorch in the youngest leaf caused an increase in the transport of 3H-JA from root to shoot and enhanced the distribution of 3H-JA in the wounded leaf. However, distribution of 3H-JA in unwounded leaves increased after 5 h being fed through the youngest leaf. It was noticed that wounding improved accumulation of 3H-JA in abaxial epidermis. Consistent results were obtained: wounding prevented transport of 3H-JA out from the youngest leaf to root; These observations suggest that JA plays an important role as a defense signal and might be involved in the regulation of the stomatal movement in response to wounding stress.展开更多
文摘The relationship between the effect of exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) on the induction of secondary laticifer differentiation and the distribution of JA in the seedling of Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg. was investigated with the aid of experimental morphological and radioisotope technique. Most radioactivity of H-3-JA sustained in treated site within one hour while no radioactivity was detected in new shoot and the radioactivity in upper leaf was much less than that in the parts below the treated site, suggesting that JA was mainly transported downwards in the shoot of H brasiliensis. Mechanical wounding hindered the entrance of exogenous JA remarkably while held back the entered JA to the regions around wounded site. The effect of exogenous JA and mechanical wounding on the induction of the secondary laticifer differentiation was limited to treated site where high level of JA was expected. Mechanical wounding reduced the effect of exogenous JA on the differentiation of secondary laticifer, which could be ascribed to the hindrance of mechanical wounding to the entrance of exogenous JA. It was concluded from the combined data that a high accumulation of JA was required for inducing the secondary laticifer differentiation in H. brasiliensis.
文摘The changes of hydrogen peroxide （H2O2） metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in a hybrid poplar （Populus simonii xp. pyramidalis ＇Opera 8277＇） in response to rnechanical damage （MD） and herbivore wounding （HW） were investigated to determine whether H2O2 could function as the secondary messenger in the signaling of systemic resistance. Results show that H2O2 was generated in wounded leaves through MD and HW treatments and systemically in unwounded leaves around the wounded leaves. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT） and ascorbate peroxidase （APX） were also enhanced. However, the H2O2 accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities were inhibited in MD leaves through the pretreatment with DPI （which is a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase）. The results of this study suggest that H2O2 could be systemically induced by MD and HW treatments, and H2O2 metabolism was closely related to the change in SOD, APX and CAT activities. A high level of antioxidant enzymes could decrease membrane lipid peroxidation levels and effectively induce plant defense responses.
基金Project (No.30771513) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘This study was to investigate the responses of phospholipase D（PLD） and lipoxygenase（LOX） to mechanical wounding in postharvest cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.cv.Biyu-2） fruits.Membrane-associated Ca2＋ content,activities and gene expression of PLD and LOX,and contents of phosphatidylcholine（PC）,phosphatidylinositol（PI）,and phosphatidic acid（PA） were determined in cucumber fruits following mechanical wounding.Results show that PLD and LOX activities increased with the PLD and LOX mRNAs which are upregulated upon wounding,while membrane-associated Ca^2＋ content decreased.Accompanying with the increase of PLD and LOX activities,accumulation of PA and losses of PC and PI were observed in all fruits,but there were differences of degrees between wounded and control fruits.Results suggest that PLD and LOX might be the main hydrolytic enzymes of phospholipids in postharvest cucumber fruits participating in the mechanical wounding injury.The activation of PLD and LOX might be the result of gene expression,which could be This study was to investigate the responses of phospholipase D（PLD） and lipoxygenase（LOX） to mechanical wounding in postharvest cucumber（Cucumis sativus L.cv.Biyu-2） fruits.Membrane-associated Ca^2＋ content,activities and gene expression of PLD and LOX,and contents of phosphatidylcholine（PC）,phosphatidylinositol（PI）,and phosphatidic acid（PA） were determined in cucumber fruits following mechanical wounding.Results show that PLD and LOX activities increased with the PLD and LOX mRNAs which are upregulated upon wounding,while membrane-associated Ca2＋ content decreased.Accompanying with the increase of PLD and LOX activities,accumulation of PA and losses of PC and PI were observed in all fruits,but there were differences of degrees between wounded and control fruits.Results suggest that PLD and LOX might be the main hydrolytic enzymes of phospholipids in postharvest cucumber fruits participating in the mechanical wounding injury.The activation of PLD and LOX might be the result of gene expression,which could be stimulated by the Ca^2＋ flowing from the membrane to the cytoplasm upon receiving the wounding signals.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30471192, 30671468）.
文摘The roles of on endogenous jasmonates （JAs） and salicylic acid （SA） in wounding response were investigated. Pea （Pisum sativum L.） seedlings were treated with three different methods including mechanical wounding, JAs application, and SA application. The contents of endogenous JAs and SA, as well as the activities of the related enzymes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）, and spectrophotometer, respectively. The results showed that endogenous JA rapidly accumulated within 30 min after wounding. The increase in the activities of both lipoxygenase （LOX） and allene oxide synthase （AOS） lagged behind JAs burst. A second slight increase in JAs level was observed at 24 h after wounding treatment, and at the same time point, higher activities of LOX and AOS were also detected. Endogenous free SA content decreased accompanied with JAs burst. Effects of exogenous JA application were similar to those of wounding treatment on endogenous SA level and phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） activity, whereas exogenous SA application led to the significant inhibition of LOX and AOS activities and the decrease of endogenous JAs level at the early stage of treatment. It is thus suggested that JAs burst and SA decrease in early response to wounding may constitute an important mechanism by which plant starts the related defense reaction and adapts to wounding stress.
基金the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(30270918) the National High Technology Research and Development Programof China(863 Program2003AA241170).
文摘The changes of malondialdehyde （MDA）, H2O2, and O2^7 content, or the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascrobate peroxidase （APX）, peroxidase （POD）, phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL）, and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） in pea seedlings （Pisum sativum L.） under wounding and treatment of exogenous jasmonic acid （JA） were investigated. The results showed that the activities of both phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） and polyphenol oxidase （PPO） were significantly increased by wounding and application of JA. The metabolism of reaction oxidative species （ROS） was enhanced, especially O2^7 and H2O2 appeared to rapidly increase. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, APX and POD were also increased. Treatment of JA of 1 or 10 μmol L^-1 could effectively induce plant defense response, and thus decrease the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. However, high concentration of JA （100 μmol L^-1） resulted in unbalance of metabolism of ROS and promoted the peroxidation of cell membrane lipid. We thus suggested that JA, under the suitable concentration, could induce defense response of pea seedlings to wounding.
文摘Analyzes and calculates the process of development of a temporary cavity in the muscle directly after a projectile wounds organisms at a high speed. The muscle is taken as a non compressible Voigt Kelvin viscoelastic fluid model, on the assumption of moving in a radial direction and on spherical symmetry, a theoretical model proposed using the basic equations of the non Newtonian fluid mechanics. The model can well describe the pulsation process of the temporary cavity and changes of pressure in the cavity. The calculated results are in correspondence with the experimental results. The model can be applied in the quantitative analysis of a temporary cavity.
基金supported by the Key Science Pro-gram of the Sate Forestry Administration of China (2006-59)the National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs Funded by Ministry of Science & Technology of China(2006BAD01A15 2006BAD24B04).
文摘The changes of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) metabolism and antioxidant enzyme activities in a hybrid poplar(Populus simonii ×P.pyramidalis ‘Opera 8277') in response to mechanical damage(MD) and herbivore wounding(HW) were investigated to determine whether H2O2 could function as the secondary messenger in the signaling of systemic resistance.Results show that H2O2 was generated in wounded leaves through MD and HW treatments and systemically in unwounded leaves around the wounded leaves.The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase(APX) were also enhanced.However, the H2O2 accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities were inhibited in MD leaves through the pretreatment with DPI(which is a specific inhibitor of NADPH oxidase).The results of this study suggest that H2O2 could be systemically induced by MD and HW treatments, and H2O2 metabolism was closely related to the change in SOD, APX and CAT activities.A high level of antioxidant enzymes could decrease membrane lipid peroxidation levels and effectively induce plant defense responses.
基金the Open Program of Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province(2022fjscq01)the National Key Research and Development Program of China for financial support(2018YFD0900606).
文摘The archeospores released from the blades of Neopyropia yezoensis via dedifferentiated vegetative cells have drawn attention both in cultivation and research.Wounding-induced archeospores formation and release have been observed in N.yezoensis,but the mechanism behind them is unclear.In this study,the involvement of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the process of wounding-induced archeospores formation and release was investigated.Based on ROS fluorescence observations,the blade fragments began to accumulate ROS after 12 h wounding,while no ROS signals were observed in normal blades.Next,when the blade fragments were treated with ROS inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium(DPI),it showed that the production of archeopores was significantly suppressed.Under normal culturing after wounding,78.3%of the fragments could release archeospores,and the ROS fluorescence was enriched in the released archeospores.Under 0.05μM DPI treatment,the percentage of fragments releasing archeospores was dropped to 16.2%,with decreased ROS fluorescence levels.Under 0.1μM DPI treatment,no archeospores were released from the fragments,and ROS fluorescence was also undetectable in the fragments.Our findings proved that ROS are essential for wounding-induced archeospores production,which might play regulatory roles in the cell dedifferentiation of N.yezoensis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30270918)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 ProgramGrant No.2003AA241170).
文摘Pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) were used as materials to test the timings and compartments of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) triggered by wounding and exogenous jasmonic acid (JA). The results showed that H2O2 could be systemically induced by wounding and exogenous JA. H2O2 increased within 1 h and reached the peak 3―5 h after wounding in either the wounded leaves or the unwounded leaves adjacent to the wounded ones and the inferior leaves far from the wounded ones. After this, H2O2 decreased and recovered to the control level 12 h after wounding. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, however, were rapidly increased by wounding. Diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, could significantly inhibit H2O2 burst that was mediated by wounding and exogenous JA. Assay of H2O2 subcellular location showed that H2O2 in response to wounding and exogenous JA was predominantly accumulated in plasma membrane, cell wall and apoplasmic space. Numerous JA (gold particles) was found via immu- nogold electron microscopy to be located in cell wall and phloem zones of mesophyll cell after wounding.
基金Supported by the National Priority Basic Research Programs of People＇s Republic of China： Biosafety Study on GM0s of Agricultural Importance （001CB10902 to L-JQ）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30470358）, and the Excellent Young Teachers Program of M0E, China （to L-JQ）. Acknowledgements The authors thank Ms Li Zhang and Professor Meihua Liu （Peking University） for technical assistance.
文摘The MYB transcription factor genes play important roles in many developmental processes and various defense responses of plants. The shikimate pathway is a major biosynthetic pathway for the production of three aromatic amino acids and other aromatic compounds that are involved in multiple responses of plants, including protection against UV and defense. Herein, we describe the characterization of the R2R3-MYB gene AtMYB15as an activator of the shikimate pathway in Arabidopsis. The AtMYB15 protein is nuclear localized and a transcriptional activation domain is found in its C-terminal portion. Northern blots showed that AtMYB15 is an early wounding-inducible gene. Resutls of microarray analysis, confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, showed that overexpression of AtMYB15 in transgenic plants resulted in elevated expression of almost all the genes involved in the shikimate pathway. Bioinformatics analysis showed that one or more AtMYB15-binding AC elements were detected in the promoters of these upregulated genes. Furthermore, these genes in the shikimate pathway were also found to be induced by wounding. These data suggest an important role of AtMYB15as a possible direct regulator of the Arabidopsis shikimate pathway in response to wounding.
基金funded by the Max-Planck-Society, Meza-Canales by the DAADVanková by the Czech Science Foundation, project no. 206/09/2062Meldau and Brütting are funded by Advanced Grant no. 293926 of the European Research Council to Baldwin
文摘Nearly half a century ago insect herbivores were found to induce the formation of green islands by manipulating cytokinin （CK） levels. However, the response of the CK pathway to attack by chewing insect herbivores remains unclear. Here, we characterize the CK pathway of Nicotiana attenuata （Torr. ex S. Wats.） and its response to wounding and perception of herbivoreassociated molecular patterns （HAMPs）. We identified 44 genes involved in CK biosynthesis, inactivation, degradation, and signaling. Leaf wounding rapidly induced transcriptional changes in multiple genes throughout the pathway, as well as in the levels of CKs, including isopentenyladenosine and cis-zeatin riboside; perception of HAMPs present in the oral secretions （OS） of the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta amplified these responses. The jasmonate pathway, which triggers many herbivore-induced processes, was not required for these HAMP-triggered changes, but rather suppressed the CK responses. Interestingly CK pathway changes were observed also in systemic leaves in response to wounding and OS application indicating a role of CKs in mediating long distance systemic processes in response to herbivory. Since wounding and grasshopper OS elicited similar accumulations of CKs in Arabidopsis thaliana L., we propose that CKs are integral components of wounding and HAMP-triggered responses in many plant species.
文摘Objective:: To understand wounding characteristics in dogs wounded by super velocity projectile with a purpose of providing a basis for prevention and treatment of such wounds. Methods: A specially-made explosive gun was used to shoot aluminium bullet weighing 3.0 g and 1.4 g to injure both legs of dogs at velocities of 2*!330 m/s, 3*!200 m/s and 4*!250 m/s, respectively, and the soap specially made was also shot. At the same time, steel ball of 1.03 g was shot with a Type 53 smooth chamber gun at a speed of 1*!280 m/s. Within 30 min after wounding, debridement and pathological anatomy were performed and specimens were taken for light microscope observation. Results: When the dogs were wounded by the 3 g bullet at speed of 2*!330 m/s, the entrance of the left leg was penetrated explosively with a defect area of 225 cm 2, and the femur trunk was also injured and the residual femur had comminution fracture. The exit of the right leg was blindly wounded with a defect area of 63 cm 2, but only the skin was not penetrated. Both testes and part pelvis were injured too. Under light microscope, degenerative myofibers and bleeding of the spatium between the myofibers could be found at the place 4 cm away from the wounding track. Furthermore, serious bleeding of the bladder and blood vessels of the brain could be observed. The lungs showed changes of blast injury. Vacuolar change was presented in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Injuries of the animals in other two experimental groups were similar to those described above, but the defect area of the wounded track was 124 cm 2 in the group of 4*!250 m/s. Injuries caused by the steel ball were milder than caused by the explosive gun. The volume of the residual cavity in the soap was 5*!000 ml. Conclusions: The super-velocity projectile causes destructive damage to the local tissues and multi-organ injuries. Therefore, the practical medical care needs not only amputation but also management of multi-organ injuries.
基金All animal experiments were performed under the protocols approved by the Ethical Committee for Animal Care of Donghua University(DHUEC-NSFC-2019-20)financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1201304)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52503082),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M750402)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20230419)Shanghai Anticancer Association EYAS PROJECT(SACA-CY23C05)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232023D-03,2232024Y-01).
文摘Diabetic wounds present challenges in clinical management due to persistent inflammation caused by excessive exudate infiltration.Inspired by the gradient wettability of cactus thorn,this study has devised a biomimetic Janus nanofiber membrane as a water diode,which endows with gradient wettability and gradient pore size,offering sustainable unidirectional self-drainage and antibacterial properties for enhanced diabetic wound healing.The Janus membrane is fabricated by depositing a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile/chlorin e6 layer with smaller pore sizes onto a hydrophobic poly(ε-caprolactone)with larger pore sizes,thereby generating a vertical gradient in both wettability and pore structure.The incorporation of chlorin e6 in the upper layer enables the utilization of external light energy to generate heat for evaporation and produce reactive oxygen species,achieving a high sterilization efficiency of 99%.Meanwhile,the gradient structure of the Janus membrane facilitates continuous antigravity exudate drainage at a rate of 0.95 g cm^(−2) h^(−1).This dual functionality of effective exudate drainage and sterilization significantly reduces inflammatory factors,allows the polarization of macrophages toward the M2 proliferative phenotype,enhances angiogenesis,and accelerates wound healing.Therefore,this study provides a groundbreaking bioinspired strategy for the development of advanced wound dressings tailored for diabetic wound regeneration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32401110)Hainan Provincial Science and Technology Special Fund(No.ZDYF2025SHFZ020)+3 种基金Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.525RC703)Scientific Research Project of Hainan University Collaborative Innovation Center(No.XTCX2022STC12)part of a project RENOVATE that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement(No.101227121)Wellcome Trust-Translational Partnership Award,UCL Regenerative Medicines TIN Pilot Dara Fund(No.214046/Z/18/Z).
文摘Plasmonic gold nanoflowers(AuNFs)exhibit considerable potential in wound repair therapy due to their excellent photothermal conversion capability,high surface area,and multi-enzyme activities.However,the intrinsic pro-oxidative properties of AuNFs limit their therapeutic efficacy in diabetic wound treatment.To overcome this limitation,a near-infrared plasmonic Au@CDCe nanohybrid system that can enhance antioxidative performance through the synergistic effects of localized surface plasmon resonance-induced photothermal effect and hot electrons is developed.Specifically,AuNFs serve as near-infrared plasmonic exciters,generating hot electrons that are efficiently transferred to cerium-doped carbon dots(CDCe).Combined with mild photothermal effects,these processes synergistically enhance hydroxyl radical scavenging activity,as well as superoxide dismutase-and catalase-mimicking activities.In vitro experiments demonstrate that Au@CDCe effectively protects cells from oxidative damage,and promotes cell proliferation and migration.In vivo evaluations confirm its ability to modulate the immune microenvironment and accelerate diabetic wound healing.This work establishes a new paradigm for modulating the oxidative stress microenvironment through antioxidant gold-based plasmonic nanozymes and provides novel insights into tuning of prooxidant nanozyme into plasmon-enhanced antioxidant nanozyme.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,under Grant No.G:534-140-1443.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effects of a piceatannol-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system(PIC-SNEDDS)on wound healing in diabetic rats and its mechanisms of wound healing action.Methods:Diabetes was induced in rats using streptozotocin,after which full-thickness excisional wounds were created.Piceatannol was administered topically either as a raw hydrogel or formulated into a PIC-SNEDDS,which was prepared using an optimized oil-surfactant mixture and incorporated into a hydrogel for application.Wound healing activity was assessed through measurements of wound contraction,oxidative stress biomarkers,and collagen content,along with histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory,angiogenic,and remodeling markers.Results:PIC-SNEDDS markedly enhanced diabetic wound healing by promoting epithelial regeneration,granulation tissue formation,epidermal proliferation,and keratinization.The formulation also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers(interleukin-6,nuclear factor-kappa B,and tumor necrosis factor-α)while increasingα-smooth muscle actin,transforming growth factor-β1,vascular endothelial growth factor-A,and hydroxyproline levels.Additionally,it improved antioxidant status by lowering malondialdehyde levels and boosting superoxide dismutase and catalase activity,along with upregulation of COL1A1 mRNA expression.Conclusions:PIC-SNEDDS promotes the healing of diabetic wounds and exhibits anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,pro-collagen,and angiogenic properties.
文摘Delayed wound healing following radical gastrectomy remains an important yet underappreciated complication that prolongs hospitalization,increases costs,and undermines patient recovery.In An et al’s recent study,the authors present a machine learning-based risk prediction approach using routinely available clinical and laboratory parameters.Among the evaluated algorithms,a decision tree model demonstrated excellent discrimination,achieving an area under the curve of 0.951 in the validation set and notably identifying all true cases of delayed wound healing at the Youden index threshold.The inclusion of variables such as drainage duration,preoperative white blood cell and neutrophil counts,alongside age and sex,highlights the pragmatic appeal of the model for early postoperative monitoring.Nevertheless,several aspects warrant critical reflection,including the reliance on a postoperative variable(drainage duration),internal validation only,and certain reporting inconsistencies.This letter underscores both the promise and the limitations of adopting interpretable machine learning models in perioperative care.We advocate for transparent reporting,external validation,and careful consideration of clinically actionable timepoints before integration into practice.Ultimately,this work represents a valuable step toward precision risk stratification in gastric cancer surgery,and sets the stage for multicenter,prospective evaluations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32300413 and 32371563)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JCQN-0206)+1 种基金the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(No.22JHQ037)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFF1307302).
文摘Diabetic wound healing remains a major clinical challenge,primarily due to excessive inflammation,bacterial infection,and impaired angiogenesis.Although various biomaterial-based strategies have been explored,coordinating the complex diabetic wound microenvironment remains difficult to achieve.This study proposes a novel multifunctional hydrogel dressing designed to synergistically address multiple issues.Its key innovation lies in dynamically crosslinking deer antler decellularized matrix(dECM)with oxidized dextran via imine bonds,creating a self-healing hydrogel(dECMH).The deer antler dECM,rich in pro-regenerative components,provides a biomimetic scaffold,while Schiff base crosslinking confers mechanical self-healing and injectability.To further address the complexity of diabetic wounds,magnesium gallate metalorganic frameworks(Mg-EGCG)were embedded within the dECMH network,forming Mg-EGCG@dECMH.This innovative combination enables sustained co-delivery of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)—possessing antibacterial,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant properties—alongside magnesium ions that actively promote cell proliferation and vascular regeneration.In vitro analyses confirmed the hydrogel's capacity to enhance endothelial cell proliferation,boost angiogenesis,and mitigate oxidative stress.In vivo evaluations demonstrated accelerated wound healing,manifested by rapid inflammation resolution,ordered collagen deposition,and stimulated neovascularization.Additionally,the material exhibited excellent biocompatibility,hemostatic effects,and antimicrobial activity.This multifunctional dressing synergistically integrates the inherent bioactivity of unique antler decellularized matrix with the multimodal therapeutic effects of metal-organic nanocomposites,offering an innovative and effective strategy for diabetic wound management.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1603701,2024YFC2310502,and 2024YFC2310503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22422403,82341044,and 22027810)+1 种基金the New Cornerstone Science Foundation(No.NCI202318)the Basic Science Center Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22388101).
文摘Drug-resistant bacteria,using their dense cell membranes as strong barrier,significantly reduce the efficacy of conventional antibacterial treatments.Phototriggered 2D catalytic nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates against drug-resistant bacteria by inducing membrane mechanical damage and generating reactive oxygen species(ROS).However,the practical antibacterial efficacy of typical 2D graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is severely limited due to the low ROS production.Herein,we report an interfacial band-engineered lamellar heterojunctions(MnCN LHJs)through in situ Mn_(2)O_(3)growth on g-C_(3)N_(4).The charges generated in g-C_(3)N_(4)are stabilized by Mn_(2)O_(3),minimizing electron-hole recombination and boosting ROS production.Meanwhile,the photocatalytic effect of MnCN LHJs works synergistically with photothermal effects of Mn_(2)O_(3)to induce a robust“melee attack”against drug-resistant bacteria.High-resolution synchrotron radiation X-ray tomography directly visualized that MnCN LHJs possessed bacterial trapping capabilities,revealing their ability to induce mechanical damage to bacteria membrane for the first time.Additionally,MnCN LHJs can deplete endogenous glutathione,thereby enhancing ROS generation and weakening the bacterial antioxidant defense system.These combined effects achieve a remarkable bactericidal rate exceeding 98% against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).Notably,MnCN LHJs demonstrate prolonged retention at wound sites,helping to reduce inflammation and promote angiogenesis in infected wounds.This work not only advances interfacial band engineering approach to enhance the photocatalytic performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)but also underscores the significance of nanomaterial-bacteria interaction in design of next-generation antibacterial materials.
文摘The wound mechanism,injury characteristics and treatment principles of anti-armored vehicle ammunition against armored crew in the past 20 years are summarized in this paper.Shock vibration,metal jet,depleted uranium aerosol and post armor breaking effect are the main factors for wounding armored crew.Their prominent characteristics are severe injury,high incidence of bone fracture,high rate of depleted uranium injury,and high incidence of multiple/combined injuries.During the treatment,attention must be paid on that the space of armored vehicle is limited,and the casualties should be moved outside of the cabin for comprehensive treatment.Especially,the management of depleted uranium injury and burn/inhalation injury are more important than other injuries for the armored wounds.
文摘Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) has been showed to be able to induce stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. in previous investigations. The transport and distribution of 3H-JA affected by localized scorch on V. faba seedling were studied with radioisotope technique. The results showed that 3H-JA could be transported up or down at the rate of 4-5 cm·min -1 following feeding into root or shoot tip. The transport of 3H-JA in shoot reached a relative stable rate at 30 min after being fed through root. Wounding by scorch in the youngest leaf caused an increase in the transport of 3H-JA from root to shoot and enhanced the distribution of 3H-JA in the wounded leaf. However, distribution of 3H-JA in unwounded leaves increased after 5 h being fed through the youngest leaf. It was noticed that wounding improved accumulation of 3H-JA in abaxial epidermis. Consistent results were obtained: wounding prevented transport of 3H-JA out from the youngest leaf to root; These observations suggest that JA plays an important role as a defense signal and might be involved in the regulation of the stomatal movement in response to wounding stress.
