Spain became a net receiver country of a high number of foreigners entering the labour market in the first decade of the 21 st century. The ensuing economic crisis, beginning in 2007, led to the destruction of a large...Spain became a net receiver country of a high number of foreigners entering the labour market in the first decade of the 21 st century. The ensuing economic crisis, beginning in 2007, led to the destruction of a large number of companies and jobs. The objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between educational level, employment and economic activity, in the Spanish and foreign working population in the Spanish labour market and the impact that the economic crisis is having on employment and self-employment. The hypotheses considered have been as followed--HI： The economic crisis mainly affects the less educated working population, both Spanish and foreign; H2： Self-employment is characterized by being an initiative of a working population with low educational levels for both population groups （Spanish and foreign）; H3： Employment is related to the productive economic structure. Micro-data from the Labour Force Survey 2009 （EPA in Spanish） has been used, compiled by Spains National Statistics Office （INE in Spanish）, and it has been applied Multiple Correspondence Analysis （MCA） to detect possible associations among the study variables （nationality, level of education, salaried employment, self-employment and economic activity）. The results show significant differences between both groups： Spanish and foreign working population. The study also shows how the crisis affects employment, and the important role played by the educational level of the working population, especially foreigners employed in certain economic activities.展开更多
In this study,we proposed a multi-source approach for mapping local-scale population density of England.Specifically,we mapped both the working and daytime population densities by integrating the multi-source data suc...In this study,we proposed a multi-source approach for mapping local-scale population density of England.Specifically,we mapped both the working and daytime population densities by integrating the multi-source data such as residential population density,point-of-interest density,point-of-interest category mix,and nighttime light intensity.It is demonstrated that combining remote sensing and social sensing data provides a plausible way to map annual working or daytime population densities.In this paper,we trained models with England-wide data and subsequently tested these models with Wales-wide data.In addition,we further tested the models with England-wide data at a higher level of spatial granularity.Particularly,the random forest and convolutional neural network models were adopted to map population density.The estimated results and validation suggest that the three built models have high prediction accuracies at the local authority district level.It is shown that the convolutional neural network models have the greatest prediction accuracies at the local authority district level though they are most time-consuming.The models trained with the data at the local authority district level are less appropriately applicable to test data at a higher level of spatial granularity.The proposed multi-source approach performs well in mapping local-scale population density.It indicates that combining remote sensing and social sensing data is advantageous to mapping socioeconomic variables.展开更多
Obesity is now an epidemic in most parts of the world. In this cross sectional study, we report the most recent data on obesity in Hong Kong Chinese working population and compare the changes over 10 years. Methods Be...Obesity is now an epidemic in most parts of the world. In this cross sectional study, we report the most recent data on obesity in Hong Kong Chinese working population and compare the changes over 10 years. Methods Between July 2000 and March 2002, 5882 adult subjects from the working class in Hong Kong were recruited （2716 men （46.2%） and 3166 women （53.8%））. They were randomly selected using computer generated codes according to the distribution of occupational groups. Results of this study were compared with the data collected from a prevalence survey for cardiovascular risk factors in a Hong Kong Chinese working population conducted in 1990 （1513 subjects, 910 men （60.1%） and 603 women （39.9%））. Results Standardized percentages of overweight, obesity, and central obesity, in Hong Kong Chinese working population were 59.7%, 35.0%, 26.7% in men and 32.0%, 21.7%, 26.7% in women. Compared to the data collected in 1990, the percentage of obesity increased by 5% in men and reduced by 6% in women. The percentage of central obesity doubled in men （from 12.2% to 26.7%） but remained stable in women.Conclusions There is a doubling of the percentage of central obesity in Hong Kong Chinese working men over previous decade. Education and proper lifestyle modification program to tackle this social health issue are urgently indicated.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to explore the application and effect of behavioral cognitive training in group psychological counseling in the workplace.Based on the explanation of behavioral cognition theory,combined w...The purpose of this study is to explore the application and effect of behavioral cognitive training in group psychological counseling in the workplace.Based on the explanation of behavioral cognition theory,combined with the psychological characteristics and needs of the workplace population,the paper designs and implements a targeted group psychological counseling program,and analyzes the effects of counseling with a variety of evaluation methods.The results show that behavioral cognitive training has a significant effect,which provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for workplace mental health intervention.展开更多
文摘Spain became a net receiver country of a high number of foreigners entering the labour market in the first decade of the 21 st century. The ensuing economic crisis, beginning in 2007, led to the destruction of a large number of companies and jobs. The objective of this paper is to analyze the relationship between educational level, employment and economic activity, in the Spanish and foreign working population in the Spanish labour market and the impact that the economic crisis is having on employment and self-employment. The hypotheses considered have been as followed--HI： The economic crisis mainly affects the less educated working population, both Spanish and foreign; H2： Self-employment is characterized by being an initiative of a working population with low educational levels for both population groups （Spanish and foreign）; H3： Employment is related to the productive economic structure. Micro-data from the Labour Force Survey 2009 （EPA in Spanish） has been used, compiled by Spains National Statistics Office （INE in Spanish）, and it has been applied Multiple Correspondence Analysis （MCA） to detect possible associations among the study variables （nationality, level of education, salaried employment, self-employment and economic activity）. The results show significant differences between both groups： Spanish and foreign working population. The study also shows how the crisis affects employment, and the important role played by the educational level of the working population, especially foreigners employed in certain economic activities.
文摘In this study,we proposed a multi-source approach for mapping local-scale population density of England.Specifically,we mapped both the working and daytime population densities by integrating the multi-source data such as residential population density,point-of-interest density,point-of-interest category mix,and nighttime light intensity.It is demonstrated that combining remote sensing and social sensing data provides a plausible way to map annual working or daytime population densities.In this paper,we trained models with England-wide data and subsequently tested these models with Wales-wide data.In addition,we further tested the models with England-wide data at a higher level of spatial granularity.Particularly,the random forest and convolutional neural network models were adopted to map population density.The estimated results and validation suggest that the three built models have high prediction accuracies at the local authority district level.It is shown that the convolutional neural network models have the greatest prediction accuracies at the local authority district level though they are most time-consuming.The models trained with the data at the local authority district level are less appropriately applicable to test data at a higher level of spatial granularity.The proposed multi-source approach performs well in mapping local-scale population density.It indicates that combining remote sensing and social sensing data is advantageous to mapping socioeconomic variables.
文摘Obesity is now an epidemic in most parts of the world. In this cross sectional study, we report the most recent data on obesity in Hong Kong Chinese working population and compare the changes over 10 years. Methods Between July 2000 and March 2002, 5882 adult subjects from the working class in Hong Kong were recruited （2716 men （46.2%） and 3166 women （53.8%））. They were randomly selected using computer generated codes according to the distribution of occupational groups. Results of this study were compared with the data collected from a prevalence survey for cardiovascular risk factors in a Hong Kong Chinese working population conducted in 1990 （1513 subjects, 910 men （60.1%） and 603 women （39.9%））. Results Standardized percentages of overweight, obesity, and central obesity, in Hong Kong Chinese working population were 59.7%, 35.0%, 26.7% in men and 32.0%, 21.7%, 26.7% in women. Compared to the data collected in 1990, the percentage of obesity increased by 5% in men and reduced by 6% in women. The percentage of central obesity doubled in men （from 12.2% to 26.7%） but remained stable in women.Conclusions There is a doubling of the percentage of central obesity in Hong Kong Chinese working men over previous decade. Education and proper lifestyle modification program to tackle this social health issue are urgently indicated.
文摘The purpose of this study is to explore the application and effect of behavioral cognitive training in group psychological counseling in the workplace.Based on the explanation of behavioral cognition theory,combined with the psychological characteristics and needs of the workplace population,the paper designs and implements a targeted group psychological counseling program,and analyzes the effects of counseling with a variety of evaluation methods.The results show that behavioral cognitive training has a significant effect,which provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for workplace mental health intervention.
