In Haigh Westergaard stress space linear combination of twin shear stress and Tresca yield functions is called the mean yield （MY） criterion. The mathematical relationship of the criterion and its plastic work rate ...In Haigh Westergaard stress space linear combination of twin shear stress and Tresca yield functions is called the mean yield （MY） criterion. The mathematical relationship of the criterion and its plastic work rate done per unit volume were derived. A generalized worked example of slab forging was analyzed by the criterion and its corresponding plastic work rate done per unit volume. Then, the precision of the solution was compared with those by Mises and Twin shear stress yield criterions, respectively. It turned out that the calculated results by MY criterion were in good agreement with those by Mises criterion.展开更多
This paper aims to present a case study that consists in the analysis of work effort per unit of software systems Development and Enhancement Projects (D&EP) depending on technological factors. That analysis was c...This paper aims to present a case study that consists in the analysis of work effort per unit of software systems Development and Enhancement Projects (D&EP) depending on technological factors. That analysis was commissioned by one of the largest public institutions in Poland. This is the COSMIC (Common Software Measurement International Consortium) function points method that is chosen by this institution as a point of reference for size of software systems developed/enhanced for supporting its functions and therefore this method is the base for the analysis of D&EP work effort per unit with regard to technological factors.展开更多
China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy has resulted in many changes in its urban structure and society and provided an opportunity for a quasi-longitudinal case study on the relationship bet...China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy has resulted in many changes in its urban structure and society and provided an opportunity for a quasi-longitudinal case study on the relationship between the built environment and activity-travel behavior.This paper draws upon data from an activity diary survey conducted in Beijing in 2007.The survey sample comprised 652 residents living in Danwei(work unit),commodity housing,and affordable housing neighborhoods.On the basis of the three-dimensional geo-visualization analysis of the space-time path and statistical multivariate regression models of daily travel and leisure time,it was found that both residential spatial factors and socio-demographics influence residents' daily behaviors.The findings show that Danwei residents have less daily travel time than those who live in commodity housing,but people living in affordable housing endure the longest travel time.Daily leisure time is associated more with individual attributes.We argue that although China's transition is currently gradual,the Danwei system may continue to play significant roles in daily life,and it might provide a valuable model for neighborhood spatial planning.展开更多
目的:构建“医教研管”全维度的重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)驻科药师工作模式,评价其在提升药学服务质量和促进合理用药中的实施效果,为ICU驻科药师工作开展提供参考。方法:选择北京清华长庚医院肝脏ICU作为试点病区,通过驻科...目的:构建“医教研管”全维度的重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)驻科药师工作模式,评价其在提升药学服务质量和促进合理用药中的实施效果,为ICU驻科药师工作开展提供参考。方法:选择北京清华长庚医院肝脏ICU作为试点病区,通过驻科药师深度融入临床科室的医疗、教学、科研、管理工作,并开展专科特色药学服务,建立全维度工作模式。围绕临床工作、药学指标、教研工作对驻科工作进行评价并初步建立评价体系。结果:经过一年的驻科药学工作,初步建立符合该院病患疾病特征的ICU驻科药师工作模式,并拟定驻科药师量化指标评价体系1项。经评估,肝脏ICU药学质控指标显著优化,抗菌药物使用强度、抗菌药物使用率、医嘱点评合理率、药占比、住院患者次均药费等全部达标。科室用药规范性提升,驻科药师协助临床科室建立重症监护室儿童用药、肝移植围术期抗感染治疗路径共2项规范;临床科室对驻科药师工作的动态评分均为满分。结论:该研究构建了“全维度参与、专科化服务”的ICU驻科药师工作模式,并证实该模式可有效提升药学服务质量,促进合理用药水平提高;初步建立驻科药师工作评价体系,有助于规范、量化推进驻科药师工作开展。展开更多
基金This research was supported by the National Natural Sci—ence Foundation of China(Grant No.50474015)
文摘In Haigh Westergaard stress space linear combination of twin shear stress and Tresca yield functions is called the mean yield （MY） criterion. The mathematical relationship of the criterion and its plastic work rate done per unit volume were derived. A generalized worked example of slab forging was analyzed by the criterion and its corresponding plastic work rate done per unit volume. Then, the precision of the solution was compared with those by Mises and Twin shear stress yield criterions, respectively. It turned out that the calculated results by MY criterion were in good agreement with those by Mises criterion.
文摘This paper aims to present a case study that consists in the analysis of work effort per unit of software systems Development and Enhancement Projects (D&EP) depending on technological factors. That analysis was commissioned by one of the largest public institutions in Poland. This is the COSMIC (Common Software Measurement International Consortium) function points method that is chosen by this institution as a point of reference for size of software systems developed/enhanced for supporting its functions and therefore this method is the base for the analysis of D&EP work effort per unit with regard to technological factors.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40671058,41071102)National'TwelfthFive-Year'Plan for Science and Technology Support(No.2012BAJ 05B04)
文摘China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy has resulted in many changes in its urban structure and society and provided an opportunity for a quasi-longitudinal case study on the relationship between the built environment and activity-travel behavior.This paper draws upon data from an activity diary survey conducted in Beijing in 2007.The survey sample comprised 652 residents living in Danwei(work unit),commodity housing,and affordable housing neighborhoods.On the basis of the three-dimensional geo-visualization analysis of the space-time path and statistical multivariate regression models of daily travel and leisure time,it was found that both residential spatial factors and socio-demographics influence residents' daily behaviors.The findings show that Danwei residents have less daily travel time than those who live in commodity housing,but people living in affordable housing endure the longest travel time.Daily leisure time is associated more with individual attributes.We argue that although China's transition is currently gradual,the Danwei system may continue to play significant roles in daily life,and it might provide a valuable model for neighborhood spatial planning.
文摘目的:构建“医教研管”全维度的重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)驻科药师工作模式,评价其在提升药学服务质量和促进合理用药中的实施效果,为ICU驻科药师工作开展提供参考。方法:选择北京清华长庚医院肝脏ICU作为试点病区,通过驻科药师深度融入临床科室的医疗、教学、科研、管理工作,并开展专科特色药学服务,建立全维度工作模式。围绕临床工作、药学指标、教研工作对驻科工作进行评价并初步建立评价体系。结果:经过一年的驻科药学工作,初步建立符合该院病患疾病特征的ICU驻科药师工作模式,并拟定驻科药师量化指标评价体系1项。经评估,肝脏ICU药学质控指标显著优化,抗菌药物使用强度、抗菌药物使用率、医嘱点评合理率、药占比、住院患者次均药费等全部达标。科室用药规范性提升,驻科药师协助临床科室建立重症监护室儿童用药、肝移植围术期抗感染治疗路径共2项规范;临床科室对驻科药师工作的动态评分均为满分。结论:该研究构建了“全维度参与、专科化服务”的ICU驻科药师工作模式,并证实该模式可有效提升药学服务质量,促进合理用药水平提高;初步建立驻科药师工作评价体系,有助于规范、量化推进驻科药师工作开展。
