With new requirements proposed for technical standards work under the new circumstances,the article combining with the practice of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company Limited(WISCO)points out that enterprises must improve th...With new requirements proposed for technical standards work under the new circumstances,the article combining with the practice of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company Limited(WISCO)points out that enterprises must improve the work pattern of standards development and revision,and strengthen the standards implementation management and product quality supervision,so that technical standards can serve as a bridge between technologies and industrialization,support the industrial upgrading and structural optimization,create conditions for promoting trade and unify the market and provides means for global competition,helping enterprises to better cope with the increasing market competition.展开更多
Objective: Government targets to reduce waiting times are putting enormous pressures on outpatient services. The implementation of an electronic care records service (CRS) at our hospital in 2008 has led to widespread...Objective: Government targets to reduce waiting times are putting enormous pressures on outpatient services. The implementation of an electronic care records service (CRS) at our hospital in 2008 has led to widespread press coverage of ensuing chaos in clinical administration. We wanted to know how this new electronic system impacted on our working patterns in outpatient clinics and – more specifically – on the time actually spent with the patients. Material & methods: This study was performed 4 and 12 months after implementation of CRS to assess its impact on the time distribution in clinic. Senior doctors were monitored with a stop clock during consultations. Timings for pre- and post-consultation administration, and the actual consultation with the patient were recorded. A total of 170 consultations were evaluated in this way. Results: The key findings were that the total time needed to spend on a urological outpatient of 16 minutes remains unchanged from the pre-CRS era, but a majority (57%) of this time is spent in administration on the computer without the patient involved. Conclusion: No more than 15 patients should be seen in a 4 hour outpatient clinic per doctor. This recommendation drawn up by BAUS before CRS remains still valid. Patient administration related to the consultation that has previously been done by administrative aides is now to be done by the doctors on the computer in the same consultation session. Intended to streamline patient pathways, this does reduce the quality interaction-time between doctor and patients significantly.展开更多
The identification of contamination sources within the food chain with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs), (“dioxins”), and PCBs is difficult and complex. PCDD/PCDF ...The identification of contamination sources within the food chain with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs), (“dioxins”), and PCBs is difficult and complex. PCDD/PCDF can be formed as unintentional compounds in a number of chemical processes as well as in almost every combustion process. PCBs were intentionally produced chemicals that were manufactured for decades before the ban in marketing and use in many countries around 1985. The pattern of occurrence can change from the original source in particular via feedingstuffs to food of animal origin as result of bioaccumulation. A number of examples illustrate the challenging detective work and key scientific aspects for identification of the sources, for support of the risk management and for performance of monitoring programs. The contamination of milk and milk products in European countries with dioxins was caused by compound feeds containing citrus pulp pellets from Brazil which had high dioxin levels as a result of the use of heavily contaminated lime used for neutralization. The Belgian dioxin crisis was caused by a feed additive heavily contaminated with PCBs which were discharged into a recycled fat used in the production of animal feed. Guar gum from India was contaminated with sodium pentachlorophenate and dioxins. Clay was found to be possibly highly contaminated with dioxins possibly formed by geothermal processes over time;use of such clay as feed additive or for human intake led to elevated dioxin levels in food and humans. Bioanalytical screening in combination with comprehensive physicochemical investigations led to the detection of brominated flame retardants and brominated dioxins in a feed additive. Buffalo milk was contaminated in Italy presumably caused by illegal deposition of waste. High PCB levels in fuel oil for drying of breadcrumb used as a feed ingredient caused a major dioxin crisis with pork meat in Ireland. Fatty acids for technical purposes originating from a biodiesel company were used for production of feed fat which contaminated parts of the food chain in Germany. In addition to effects on human and animal health these incidents also have serious economic consequences which could be mitigated by more frequent control on food and feed. Addressing both these issues, the European Community has developed a strategy to reduce the presence of dioxins and PCBs in the environment and in feed and food comprising the establishment of maximum and action levels.展开更多
多功能雷达(Multi Function Radar,MFR)通过波形捷变与波束自适应调度实现多任务协同,这给雷达工作模式识别带来了诸多挑战。现有识别方法依赖脉冲序列局部时域特征,难以有效解析不同工作模式的生成机理,面对脉冲丢失、脉内参数相近等...多功能雷达(Multi Function Radar,MFR)通过波形捷变与波束自适应调度实现多任务协同,这给雷达工作模式识别带来了诸多挑战。现有识别方法依赖脉冲序列局部时域特征,难以有效解析不同工作模式的生成机理,面对脉冲丢失、脉内参数相近等复杂情况,识别性能急剧下降。考虑到多功能雷达波束扫描过程对脉冲组序列幅值信息的影响,提出一种基于空时联合图卷积网络的多功能雷达工作模式识别方法。该网络模型首先通过引入动态规整模块量化相邻波位信号的辐射特性相似度,构造具有物理可解释性的空域邻接矩阵;然后将一维脉冲组序列映射为二维图结构,融合脉冲频率、信号幅度等节点特征,形成空时联合表征;最后,设计分层图卷积核,通过多层信息传递机制,提取深层空时特征,完成雷达工作模式识别。对比实验表明,在脉冲丢失等非理想情况下所提方法的平均识别率仍能达到93.38%,具有更好的泛化性和鲁棒性。展开更多
文摘With new requirements proposed for technical standards work under the new circumstances,the article combining with the practice of Wuhan Iron and Steel Company Limited(WISCO)points out that enterprises must improve the work pattern of standards development and revision,and strengthen the standards implementation management and product quality supervision,so that technical standards can serve as a bridge between technologies and industrialization,support the industrial upgrading and structural optimization,create conditions for promoting trade and unify the market and provides means for global competition,helping enterprises to better cope with the increasing market competition.
文摘Objective: Government targets to reduce waiting times are putting enormous pressures on outpatient services. The implementation of an electronic care records service (CRS) at our hospital in 2008 has led to widespread press coverage of ensuing chaos in clinical administration. We wanted to know how this new electronic system impacted on our working patterns in outpatient clinics and – more specifically – on the time actually spent with the patients. Material & methods: This study was performed 4 and 12 months after implementation of CRS to assess its impact on the time distribution in clinic. Senior doctors were monitored with a stop clock during consultations. Timings for pre- and post-consultation administration, and the actual consultation with the patient were recorded. A total of 170 consultations were evaluated in this way. Results: The key findings were that the total time needed to spend on a urological outpatient of 16 minutes remains unchanged from the pre-CRS era, but a majority (57%) of this time is spent in administration on the computer without the patient involved. Conclusion: No more than 15 patients should be seen in a 4 hour outpatient clinic per doctor. This recommendation drawn up by BAUS before CRS remains still valid. Patient administration related to the consultation that has previously been done by administrative aides is now to be done by the doctors on the computer in the same consultation session. Intended to streamline patient pathways, this does reduce the quality interaction-time between doctor and patients significantly.
文摘The identification of contamination sources within the food chain with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDFs), (“dioxins”), and PCBs is difficult and complex. PCDD/PCDF can be formed as unintentional compounds in a number of chemical processes as well as in almost every combustion process. PCBs were intentionally produced chemicals that were manufactured for decades before the ban in marketing and use in many countries around 1985. The pattern of occurrence can change from the original source in particular via feedingstuffs to food of animal origin as result of bioaccumulation. A number of examples illustrate the challenging detective work and key scientific aspects for identification of the sources, for support of the risk management and for performance of monitoring programs. The contamination of milk and milk products in European countries with dioxins was caused by compound feeds containing citrus pulp pellets from Brazil which had high dioxin levels as a result of the use of heavily contaminated lime used for neutralization. The Belgian dioxin crisis was caused by a feed additive heavily contaminated with PCBs which were discharged into a recycled fat used in the production of animal feed. Guar gum from India was contaminated with sodium pentachlorophenate and dioxins. Clay was found to be possibly highly contaminated with dioxins possibly formed by geothermal processes over time;use of such clay as feed additive or for human intake led to elevated dioxin levels in food and humans. Bioanalytical screening in combination with comprehensive physicochemical investigations led to the detection of brominated flame retardants and brominated dioxins in a feed additive. Buffalo milk was contaminated in Italy presumably caused by illegal deposition of waste. High PCB levels in fuel oil for drying of breadcrumb used as a feed ingredient caused a major dioxin crisis with pork meat in Ireland. Fatty acids for technical purposes originating from a biodiesel company were used for production of feed fat which contaminated parts of the food chain in Germany. In addition to effects on human and animal health these incidents also have serious economic consequences which could be mitigated by more frequent control on food and feed. Addressing both these issues, the European Community has developed a strategy to reduce the presence of dioxins and PCBs in the environment and in feed and food comprising the establishment of maximum and action levels.
文摘多功能雷达(Multi Function Radar,MFR)通过波形捷变与波束自适应调度实现多任务协同,这给雷达工作模式识别带来了诸多挑战。现有识别方法依赖脉冲序列局部时域特征,难以有效解析不同工作模式的生成机理,面对脉冲丢失、脉内参数相近等复杂情况,识别性能急剧下降。考虑到多功能雷达波束扫描过程对脉冲组序列幅值信息的影响,提出一种基于空时联合图卷积网络的多功能雷达工作模式识别方法。该网络模型首先通过引入动态规整模块量化相邻波位信号的辐射特性相似度,构造具有物理可解释性的空域邻接矩阵;然后将一维脉冲组序列映射为二维图结构,融合脉冲频率、信号幅度等节点特征,形成空时联合表征;最后,设计分层图卷积核,通过多层信息传递机制,提取深层空时特征,完成雷达工作模式识别。对比实验表明,在脉冲丢失等非理想情况下所提方法的平均识别率仍能达到93.38%,具有更好的泛化性和鲁棒性。
