Tea(Camellia sinensis[L.]O.Kuntze.)is an important cash crop,which mainly uses tender shoots and young leaves for manufacturing.Due to the marketing characteristic that earlier made tea has higher price,the time of th...Tea(Camellia sinensis[L.]O.Kuntze.)is an important cash crop,which mainly uses tender shoots and young leaves for manufacturing.Due to the marketing characteristic that earlier made tea has higher price,the time of the breaking of winter dormancy buds in spring is extremely important in tea industry.Strigolactones are a group of carotenoids-derived metabolites which regulates bud outgrowth,shoot branching,tiller angle and environmental stress responses.The role of strigolactones in tea plant was briefly summarized in the current review,with an emphasis of the association of strigolactones on bud ecodormancy and shoot branching.The involvement of strigolactones on the biosynthesis of the tea characteristic metabolites flavonoids,caffeine and theanine were also discussed.Moreover,recent advances on the biosynthesis of strigolactones and its regulation by microRNAs and environmental stresses were also presented.This review provides a basis for future investigations underlying the mechanisms of strigolactones on bud winter dormancy and tea secondary metabolism.展开更多
Rising global temperatures have a wide range of effects at organismal,population,and ecosystem levels.Increased winter temperatures are expected to alter the energetics of species that are dormant during this time.Hat...Rising global temperatures have a wide range of effects at organismal,population,and ecosystem levels.Increased winter temperatures are expected to alter the energetics of species that are dormant during this time.Hatchling painted turtles(Chrysemys picta)spend their first∼8 months in shallow nests on land,where they putatively rely on residual yolk reserves to fuel energetic demands during this period of inactivity before they emerge in the spring.We performed a laboratory experiment to characterize changes in residual yolk quantity in hatchling C.picta and experimentally tested the effect of temperature on residual yolk,hatchling size,and survival over the winter brumation period.We manipulated winter nest temperature by simulating two natural thermal regimes(“low”vs“high”treatments)and one regime that approximates warmer temperatures expected by 2100(“future”treatment).Because high temperature increases metabolism,we predicted that the future temperature treatment would decrease the amount of residual yolk remaining by the end of winter and reduce hatchling mass and survival.Residual yolk over winter did not differ from that before winter,and the temperature had no effect on the quantity of residual yolk or hatchling survival by the following spring.However,hatchlings that experienced future temperatures lost more mass over winter than those from the other treatments.These results correspond with previous work indicating that residual yolk does not fuel the energetic needs of hatchlings during winter.The effect of future warming temperatures on body mass may have negative consequences during energetically demanding activities during spring emergence and dispersal.展开更多
In order to probe the death reason of terminal buds and carry out trunk extension by using lateralbuds, the temperature characteristics of dormancy development of terminal and lateral buds in Paulowniatomentosa p. for...In order to probe the death reason of terminal buds and carry out trunk extension by using lateralbuds, the temperature characteristics of dormancy development of terminal and lateral buds in Paulowniatomentosa p. fortunei 33 were investigated by raising cutting branches on different date at 25 ℃ and 15 ℃.The results were as follows: ①The death reason of terminal buds and the first pair of lateral buds was itselfecological adapting strategy, not the injury of early frost and freezing; ②The lateral buds 2, 3 and 4 hadobtained the feature of winter dormancy, and could survive from cold winter, and widen its possible temperaturerange of sprouting to lower temperature by experiencing winter chilling; ③The lateral buds 2, 3 and 4 couldsprout at the same time in spring, but it was difficult to sprout for other lateral buds; ④The sprouting ofupper lateral buds could restrict the sprouting of lower lateral buds at 25 ℃, but not at 15 ℃.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M632821)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization(SKLTOF 20180105)+3 种基金China agriculture research system(CARS-19)Hubei Natural Science Foundation Project(2019CFB178)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2021NKYJJ13)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hubei Province(2019-620-000-001-24).
文摘Tea(Camellia sinensis[L.]O.Kuntze.)is an important cash crop,which mainly uses tender shoots and young leaves for manufacturing.Due to the marketing characteristic that earlier made tea has higher price,the time of the breaking of winter dormancy buds in spring is extremely important in tea industry.Strigolactones are a group of carotenoids-derived metabolites which regulates bud outgrowth,shoot branching,tiller angle and environmental stress responses.The role of strigolactones in tea plant was briefly summarized in the current review,with an emphasis of the association of strigolactones on bud ecodormancy and shoot branching.The involvement of strigolactones on the biosynthesis of the tea characteristic metabolites flavonoids,caffeine and theanine were also discussed.Moreover,recent advances on the biosynthesis of strigolactones and its regulation by microRNAs and environmental stresses were also presented.This review provides a basis for future investigations underlying the mechanisms of strigolactones on bud winter dormancy and tea secondary metabolism.
基金the field site was provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers,Illinois Department of Natural Resources(permit#NH10.0073)the US Fish andWildlife Service(permit#32576-0A022)+1 种基金approved by the Iowa State University IACUC(protocol#12-03-5570-J)supported by NSF grant LTREB DEB-0640932 to F.J.Janzen.
文摘Rising global temperatures have a wide range of effects at organismal,population,and ecosystem levels.Increased winter temperatures are expected to alter the energetics of species that are dormant during this time.Hatchling painted turtles(Chrysemys picta)spend their first∼8 months in shallow nests on land,where they putatively rely on residual yolk reserves to fuel energetic demands during this period of inactivity before they emerge in the spring.We performed a laboratory experiment to characterize changes in residual yolk quantity in hatchling C.picta and experimentally tested the effect of temperature on residual yolk,hatchling size,and survival over the winter brumation period.We manipulated winter nest temperature by simulating two natural thermal regimes(“low”vs“high”treatments)and one regime that approximates warmer temperatures expected by 2100(“future”treatment).Because high temperature increases metabolism,we predicted that the future temperature treatment would decrease the amount of residual yolk remaining by the end of winter and reduce hatchling mass and survival.Residual yolk over winter did not differ from that before winter,and the temperature had no effect on the quantity of residual yolk or hatchling survival by the following spring.However,hatchlings that experienced future temperatures lost more mass over winter than those from the other treatments.These results correspond with previous work indicating that residual yolk does not fuel the energetic needs of hatchlings during winter.The effect of future warming temperatures on body mass may have negative consequences during energetically demanding activities during spring emergence and dispersal.
基金Foundation of Research Startup for Returned Student From AbroadScience Foundation of Henan Province forDistiguished Young Scholars(NO.002).
文摘In order to probe the death reason of terminal buds and carry out trunk extension by using lateralbuds, the temperature characteristics of dormancy development of terminal and lateral buds in Paulowniatomentosa p. fortunei 33 were investigated by raising cutting branches on different date at 25 ℃ and 15 ℃.The results were as follows: ①The death reason of terminal buds and the first pair of lateral buds was itselfecological adapting strategy, not the injury of early frost and freezing; ②The lateral buds 2, 3 and 4 hadobtained the feature of winter dormancy, and could survive from cold winter, and widen its possible temperaturerange of sprouting to lower temperature by experiencing winter chilling; ③The lateral buds 2, 3 and 4 couldsprout at the same time in spring, but it was difficult to sprout for other lateral buds; ④The sprouting ofupper lateral buds could restrict the sprouting of lower lateral buds at 25 ℃, but not at 15 ℃.
