In the intricate landscape of healthcare,vicarious liability looms large,shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators alike.Illustrated by a poignant scenario of a medication...In the intricate landscape of healthcare,vicarious liability looms large,shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators alike.Illustrated by a poignant scenario of a medication error,this article navigates the complexities of vicarious liability in healthcare.It explains the legal basis and ramifications of this theory,emphasizing its importance in fostering responsibility,protecting patient welfare,and easing access to justice.The paper explores the practical effects of vicarious responsibility on day-to-day operations,leadership practices,and decision-making processes via the eyes of senior consultants,junior doctors,and hospital administrators.Through comprehensive insights and real-world examples,it underscores the imperative of fostering a culture of accountability,communication,and quality care to navigate the intricate web of liabilities inherent in modern healthcare.展开更多
Heat stress(HS)has become a significant challenge for poultry farming due to an increase in global temperatures.Existing literature suggests that the health effects of HS in chickens are related to its impact on the g...Heat stress(HS)has become a significant challenge for poultry farming due to an increase in global temperatures.Existing literature suggests that the health effects of HS in chickens are related to its impact on the gastrointestinal tract.While there is evidence of the detrimental consequences of HS on the gut structure,little is known about the effects of HS on the microbial population inhabiting this organ.Fortunately,recent advancements in"omics"technologies have made investigating the interaction between HS and the gut microbiota possible.Therefore,a systematic review was conducted to assess the effects of HS on chicken gut microbiota.In July 2024,a comprehensive literature search was performed across scientific repositories,including Scopus,PubMed,Science Direct,and Google Scholar.Eighteen studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion and a qualitative synthesis of their results was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.Current evidence indicates that HS poses a significant challenge to the gastrointestinal system of chickens,resulting in a range of physiological reactions.These changes trigger fierce competition among beneficial microbial species for limited nutrients,promote microbial shifts from obligate to facultative anaerobes,and increase the abundance of microbial species with high resistance to elevated environmental temperatures.Furthermore,the proliferation of pathogens is exacerbated.Ultimately,gut microbiota profiling highlights changes in microbial diversity,alterations in the composition of microbial populations,disruptions in specific microbial functional pathways(tricarboxylic acid cycle,amino acid metabolism,antioxidant biosynthesis,and fatty acid degradation),and the breakdown of complex networks that govern microbial interactions.Understanding the complex relationship between HS and microbial shifts within the chicken gut can provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable mitigation strategies.Further research is needed to expand the current knowledge and employ more advanced literature synthesis techniques such as meta-analyses.展开更多
Automated behavior monitoring of macaques offers transformative potential for advancing biomedical research and animal welfare.However,reliably identifying individual macaques in group environments remains a significa...Automated behavior monitoring of macaques offers transformative potential for advancing biomedical research and animal welfare.However,reliably identifying individual macaques in group environments remains a significant challenge.This study introduces ACE-YOLOX,a lightweight facial recognition model tailored for captive macaques.ACE-YOLOX incorporates Efficient Channel Attention(ECA),Complete Intersection over Union loss(CIoU),and Adaptive Spatial Feature Fusion(ASFF)into the YOLOX framework,enhancing prediction accuracy while reducing computational complexity.These integrated approaches enable effective multiscale feature extraction.Using a dataset comprising 179400 labeled facial images from 1196 macaques,ACE-YOLOX surpassed the performance of classical object detection models,demonstrating superior accuracy and real-time processing capabilities.An Android application was also developed to deploy ACE-YOLOX on smartphones,enabling on-device,real-time macaque recognition.Our experimental results highlight the potential of ACE-YOLOX as a non-invasive identification tool,offering an important foundation for future studies in macaque facial expression recognition,cognitive psychology,and social behavior.展开更多
We investigated the psychological effects of nail treatments on children living in child welfare facilities.We performed a single nail treatment on children living in child welfare facilities.As a result,we found that...We investigated the psychological effects of nail treatments on children living in child welfare facilities.We performed a single nail treatment on children living in child welfare facilities.As a result,we found that feelings of“energy”,“relaxation”,and“comfort”tended to increase more strongly after the treatment than before.Furthermore,these feelings increased even more after the nail treatment.The effects of nail treatments were unrelated to gender or previous nail experience.Furthermore,nail treatments increased communication and interaction with facility staff and other children residing in the facility,promoting self-expression,and,as a result,increasing a sense of accomplishment,acceptance from others,and self-esteem.This suggests that positive emotions persisted even after nail treatments,leading to positive changes in daily life.展开更多
Forest areas with special purpose(FASP)are decentralized management rights of state forest areas for universities and research institutions.The area of FASP management licenses continues to increase,as recorded in 201...Forest areas with special purpose(FASP)are decentralized management rights of state forest areas for universities and research institutions.The area of FASP management licenses continues to increase,as recorded in 2019,covering an area of 37,569 ha.At the end of 2024,there are 45 FASPs in Indonesia with a total area of 107,085.91 ha.The management of FASP is expected to achieve its main objectives of education and research,without leaving the ecological function as the main function of the forest.Various studies have been conducted in FASP on different research topics,but none of them have summarized the role of FASP in supporting sustainable development goals.This study aims to determine the role of FASP in Indonesia in supporting the implementation of SDGs.This research was conducted through a systematic literature review using articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases.Through a series of data collection activities,48 articles were obtained as review material in this study.The results of this study indicate that the FASP management that has been implemented in Indonesia not only supports educational and research objectives,but also supports the achievement of SDGs which are divided into 1)ecology and biodiversity(SDG 15),2)community welfare(SDG 1,2,and 5),3)sustainable utilization(SDG 12),4)climate change response(SDG 13),and 5)water and soil conservation(SDG 6).Further research can be conducted at different FASP locations to support information on the role of FASP in achieving the SDGs.展开更多
As we know,we only have one Earth,and it is our shared home.However,in today's world,more and more non-recyclable waste surrounds us.This waste pollutes the air,water,and soil,making our environment less healthy.I...As we know,we only have one Earth,and it is our shared home.However,in today's world,more and more non-recyclable waste surrounds us.This waste pollutes the air,water,and soil,making our environment less healthy.It also threatens the wellbeing of humans,animals,and plants.If we do nothing,the problem will only get worse.展开更多
As a novel economic paradigm that drives high-quality economic development,the digital economy(DE)can potentially significantly enhance the utilization efficiency of ecological resources and improve human well-being.B...As a novel economic paradigm that drives high-quality economic development,the digital economy(DE)can potentially significantly enhance the utilization efficiency of ecological resources and improve human well-being.Based on panel data from 285 prefecture-level cities in China spanning 2011-2021,this study empirically investigates the direct effects,transmission mechanisms,and spatial spillover effects of the DE on ecological welfare performance(EWP)using benchmark regression,intermediary effects,and spatial Durbin models.The results show that the DE significantly improved EWP in Chinese cities.This conclusion remains valid even after controlling for relevant influencing factors.Two transmission paths—upgrading of the industrial structure(UIS)and green innovation(GI)—significantly impacted EWP,as verified by the mediation effect model.Additionally,the mediating effect of the UIS was stronger than that of GI.Spatial heterogeneity tests show that the DE had significant effects on the EWP of eastern cities,with little impact on the central and western cities.Accordingly,grounded in regional developmental disparities,the empowering effects of the DE must be fully harnessed to foster an ecological civilization and enhance the well-being of the populace.展开更多
Economic inequality is a persistent global issue with profound implications for mental health,particularly among older adults.Previous studies have largely focused on objective economic well-being indicators such as i...Economic inequality is a persistent global issue with profound implications for mental health,particularly among older adults.Previous studies have largely focused on objective economic well-being indicators such as income,employment status,and poverty.While these factors are crucial,emerging evidence suggests that welfare benefits and subjective economic well-being components of what can be deemed augmented economic well-being,may play equally significant roles in shaping psychological health among aging populations.This research explores how disparities in these aspects contribute to psychological distress in older adults.We highlight the role of financial security,government assistance pro-grams,and personal economic satisfaction.We propose policy interventions to mitigate adverse effects and emphasize the need for a holistic approach to econo-mic well-being to improve mental health outcomes in older adults.This study reveals that subjective financial security and access to welfare benefits often surpass income as predictors of mental health.These insights underscore the importance of broadening economic frameworks in aging research and deve-loping integrated policies to enhance financial and psychological well-being.展开更多
Objective:Sheep are commonly used as large animal pre-clinical models for inves-tigating cardiovascular therapies,interventions,anatomy and physiology.Further,novel small diameter vascular grafts are frequently tested...Objective:Sheep are commonly used as large animal pre-clinical models for inves-tigating cardiovascular therapies,interventions,anatomy and physiology.Further,novel small diameter vascular grafts are frequently tested via implantation into sheep carotid arteries(CAs).This is because,unlike humans,acute occlusion of one or both sheep CAs is not associated with morbidity or mortality and thus provides safer experimental testing,with reduced ethical constraints,animal numbers and costs.However,to date there has been no evidence regarding sheep tolerance of femoral artery(FA)occlusion.Methods:In this study,seven sheep underwent CA graft surgery,with digital subtrac-tion angiography(DSA)of the CAs performed every 2 months via femoral access,for a total of 8 months.Four months into the study,the left FA of two sheep became inac-cessible due to a suspected FA occlusion.Thus,femoral angiography was performed,followed by FA dissection,FA histology and retrospective analysis of both veterinar-ian animal monitoring and pain scores.Results:FA angiography and histology confirmed complete left FA occlusion in two sheep.Retrospective animal monitoring demonstrated sheep with occluded FAs did not display increased pain scores or deleterious effects on their gait or wellbeing.Conclusion:Our data shows that sheep tolerate FA occlusion with no symptoms,similar to their cerebral circulation,making them an appropriate model for assessing small diameter femoral graft interposition studies and testing other cardiovascular interventions.展开更多
Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional proce...Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional processing and healing of lab animal researchers and animal facility staff.Even though remembrance activities are practiced in many parts of the world,we did not come across any reported cases in Sri Lanka before 2022.Therefore,here,we report on the various remembrance activities and practices observed within our local scientific community.展开更多
This paper develops an economic growth model incorporating China’s Environmental Target Responsibility System(ETRS)to analyze its impact on both economic growth and social welfare.We find that the ETRS’s effect on e...This paper develops an economic growth model incorporating China’s Environmental Target Responsibility System(ETRS)to analyze its impact on both economic growth and social welfare.We find that the ETRS’s effect on economic growth is complex,resulting from the interplay of three key factors:its potential to improve environmental quality,its potential dampening effect on total factor productivity(TFP),and its influence on local government spending on environmental governance.A balanced ETRS can improve environmental quality,promote technological innovation,and enhance social welfare.However,excessively stringent targets and overly emphasized responsibility may lead to declines in both economic growth and social welfare.From the perspective of balancing economic growth and social welfare,we find that the ETRS that maximizes economic growth is less stringent than the ETRS that maximizes social welfare.Crucially,the economic growth cost of shifting from a growth-maximizing to a welfare-maximizing ETRS is minimal.In other words,significant improvements in environmental quality and public well-being can be achieved without substantially sacrificing economic dynamism.This paper attempts to model China’s unique environmental target assessment system within the framework of endogenous growth theory,offering a new perspective for understanding the dynamic relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in China.展开更多
The FELASA 2025 Congress,themed“Reducing Severity in Animal Research,”convened global experts in laboratory animal sciences to discuss ethical advancements,welfare standards,and innovative practices.Key sessions hig...The FELASA 2025 Congress,themed“Reducing Severity in Animal Research,”convened global experts in laboratory animal sciences to discuss ethical advancements,welfare standards,and innovative practices.Key sessions highlighted the integration of the 3R principles(Replacement,Reduction,Refinement),with presentations addressing challenges in immunology,AI-driven animal monitoring,and aseptic surgical techniques.Notable lectures,including Prof.Stasinos Stavrianeas'exploration of zoology's origins and Dr.David Anderson's award-winning talk on squid welfare,emphasized cultural relevance and ethical responsibility.The congress also prioritized sustainability through waste-reduction measures and digital tools like an official app for enhanced networking.Exhibitions showcased cutting-edge technologies,while workshops fostered hands-on skill development.By advocating openness and interdisciplinary collaboration,FELASA 2025 aimed to advance humane and scientifically rigorous animal research practices globally.展开更多
The construction of ecological public welfare forests is an important ccomponent and foundation of building a beautiful China and plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization.As an important ...The construction of ecological public welfare forests is an important ccomponent and foundation of building a beautiful China and plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization.As an important barrier to maintaining ecological balance and ensuring ecological security,ecological public welfare forests play an extremely important role in human survival and development.The construction and management of ecological public welfare forests can bring many ecological benefits to the local area;Yulong County has effectively improved the ecological environment after years of ecological public welfare forest construction.Therefore,promoting the healthy development of ecological public welfare forests is of great significance.Based on the data from the field questionnaire survey in Yulong County,this paper employs a binary regression model to analyze the influencing factors of willingness to pay for ecological compensation.It identifies the existing problems in the ecological compensation of public welfare forests in Yulong County and puts forward corresponding recommendations.These include improving the compensation policies for public welfare forests,strengthening system construction,adjusting the rural industrial structure,and increasing the income levels of farmers.The aim is to provide a reference for improving the management level and scientific management of ecological public welfare forests in Lijiang City and to achieve the management goal of continuously and stably exerting various ecological and social benefits of ecological public welfare forests.展开更多
As the Philippines celebrated the 2nd Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)last November 29,2025,the Philippine Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(PALAS)reflected on a year marked by growth,collaboration,and renewe...As the Philippines celebrated the 2nd Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)last November 29,2025,the Philippine Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(PALAS)reflected on a year marked by growth,collaboration,and renewed commitment to ethical and scientific excellence in animal-based research.Throughout 2025,PALAS has continued to strengthen the laboratory animal science community by advancing education,capacity building,policy advocacy,and regional cooperation.These efforts underscore PALAS’vital role in shaping a culture of responsible animal research aligned with international standards.展开更多
Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science,ethical governance,and humane research ...Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science,ethical governance,and humane research practices.Celebrated a day earlier on 28 November,an initiative led by the Laboratory Animal Science Association of Malaysia(LASAM),comprised a coordinated three-month programme from September to November.A series of targeted activities were conducted,including professional exchange visits,competency-based rodent care and use workshops,refinement-centred blood sampling training,and institutional lectures on ethics and welfare.These engagements involved researchers,technicians,ethics committee members,and undergraduate trainees;reflecting ALAD's aim of fostering ethical awareness and technical proficiency across all levels of research personnel.A major highlight of the campaign was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between LASAM and Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM),strengthening long-term collaboration in training,welfare standard harmonisation,and shared ethical governance.The programme also delivered measurable outcomes:over 92%of participants improved their understanding of the 3Rs and humane endpoints,more than 95%attained competency in basic rodent handling,and national interest in laboratory animal science increased,as reflected by rising LASAM membership.Malaysia's ALAD initiatives emphasise the importance of grassroots engagement,refinement-based training,and strong institutional partnerships in advancing ethical and humane science.The country's experience provides a replicable framework for other Asian regions seeking to enhance welfare capacity,harmonise standards,and cultivate responsible research communities.Malaysia remains committed to supporting ALAD's ongoing mission to advance scientific integrity and animal welfare across Asia.展开更多
In a deeply aging society,the appointed guardianship system,as an important arrangement for the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly,still faces many practical difficulties.Typical examples include:du...In a deeply aging society,the appointed guardianship system,as an important arrangement for the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly,still faces many practical difficulties.Typical examples include:during the decision-making stage of whether to choose appointed guardianship,the lack of professionalism and availability of appointed guardians can easily hinder the elderly from choosing to apply it;during the establishment stage of appointed guardianship,the limited rules related to the appointed guardianship agreement can easily lead to the frustration of the elderly’s subjective will;during the operation stage of appointed guardianship,the insufficient accountability mechanisms for appointed guardians can easily lead to the infringement of the personal or property rights of the elderly.By reflecting on its jurisprudential causes,it can be found that the current law largely ignores the orientation of appointed guardianship as a welfare for the elderly in social law,the concept of substantive equality in the appointed guardianship agreement,and the theoretical attributes of the appointed guardianship as a fiduciary relationship.Therefore,the appointed guardianship system in China should be systematically improved to fully release its institutional potential in the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly based on these jurisprudential principles.In particular,it is possible to consider actively promoting the“trust+appointed guardianship”model and cultivating a team of appointed guardians by the state based on the concept of elderly welfare;strengthening the protection of notarization procedures and the reasonable design of the appointed guardianship agreement based on the concept of substantive equality;and refining the fiduciary standards of appointed guardians and strengthening guardianship supervision based on the nature of fiduciary relationship.展开更多
文摘In the intricate landscape of healthcare,vicarious liability looms large,shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators alike.Illustrated by a poignant scenario of a medication error,this article navigates the complexities of vicarious liability in healthcare.It explains the legal basis and ramifications of this theory,emphasizing its importance in fostering responsibility,protecting patient welfare,and easing access to justice.The paper explores the practical effects of vicarious responsibility on day-to-day operations,leadership practices,and decision-making processes via the eyes of senior consultants,junior doctors,and hospital administrators.Through comprehensive insights and real-world examples,it underscores the imperative of fostering a culture of accountability,communication,and quality care to navigate the intricate web of liabilities inherent in modern healthcare.
基金Open access funding provided by Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich.
文摘Heat stress(HS)has become a significant challenge for poultry farming due to an increase in global temperatures.Existing literature suggests that the health effects of HS in chickens are related to its impact on the gastrointestinal tract.While there is evidence of the detrimental consequences of HS on the gut structure,little is known about the effects of HS on the microbial population inhabiting this organ.Fortunately,recent advancements in"omics"technologies have made investigating the interaction between HS and the gut microbiota possible.Therefore,a systematic review was conducted to assess the effects of HS on chicken gut microbiota.In July 2024,a comprehensive literature search was performed across scientific repositories,including Scopus,PubMed,Science Direct,and Google Scholar.Eighteen studies met the eligibility criteria for inclusion and a qualitative synthesis of their results was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines.Current evidence indicates that HS poses a significant challenge to the gastrointestinal system of chickens,resulting in a range of physiological reactions.These changes trigger fierce competition among beneficial microbial species for limited nutrients,promote microbial shifts from obligate to facultative anaerobes,and increase the abundance of microbial species with high resistance to elevated environmental temperatures.Furthermore,the proliferation of pathogens is exacerbated.Ultimately,gut microbiota profiling highlights changes in microbial diversity,alterations in the composition of microbial populations,disruptions in specific microbial functional pathways(tricarboxylic acid cycle,amino acid metabolism,antioxidant biosynthesis,and fatty acid degradation),and the breakdown of complex networks that govern microbial interactions.Understanding the complex relationship between HS and microbial shifts within the chicken gut can provide valuable insights for the development of sustainable mitigation strategies.Further research is needed to expand the current knowledge and employ more advanced literature synthesis techniques such as meta-analyses.
基金supported by the grants from Yunnan Province(202305AH340006,202305AH340007)CAS Light of West China Program(xbzg-zdsys-202213)。
文摘Automated behavior monitoring of macaques offers transformative potential for advancing biomedical research and animal welfare.However,reliably identifying individual macaques in group environments remains a significant challenge.This study introduces ACE-YOLOX,a lightweight facial recognition model tailored for captive macaques.ACE-YOLOX incorporates Efficient Channel Attention(ECA),Complete Intersection over Union loss(CIoU),and Adaptive Spatial Feature Fusion(ASFF)into the YOLOX framework,enhancing prediction accuracy while reducing computational complexity.These integrated approaches enable effective multiscale feature extraction.Using a dataset comprising 179400 labeled facial images from 1196 macaques,ACE-YOLOX surpassed the performance of classical object detection models,demonstrating superior accuracy and real-time processing capabilities.An Android application was also developed to deploy ACE-YOLOX on smartphones,enabling on-device,real-time macaque recognition.Our experimental results highlight the potential of ACE-YOLOX as a non-invasive identification tool,offering an important foundation for future studies in macaque facial expression recognition,cognitive psychology,and social behavior.
基金This study received a research grant from the Hoyu Science Foundation in 2023.
文摘We investigated the psychological effects of nail treatments on children living in child welfare facilities.We performed a single nail treatment on children living in child welfare facilities.As a result,we found that feelings of“energy”,“relaxation”,and“comfort”tended to increase more strongly after the treatment than before.Furthermore,these feelings increased even more after the nail treatment.The effects of nail treatments were unrelated to gender or previous nail experience.Furthermore,nail treatments increased communication and interaction with facility staff and other children residing in the facility,promoting self-expression,and,as a result,increasing a sense of accomplishment,acceptance from others,and self-esteem.This suggests that positive emotions persisted even after nail treatments,leading to positive changes in daily life.
文摘Forest areas with special purpose(FASP)are decentralized management rights of state forest areas for universities and research institutions.The area of FASP management licenses continues to increase,as recorded in 2019,covering an area of 37,569 ha.At the end of 2024,there are 45 FASPs in Indonesia with a total area of 107,085.91 ha.The management of FASP is expected to achieve its main objectives of education and research,without leaving the ecological function as the main function of the forest.Various studies have been conducted in FASP on different research topics,but none of them have summarized the role of FASP in supporting sustainable development goals.This study aims to determine the role of FASP in Indonesia in supporting the implementation of SDGs.This research was conducted through a systematic literature review using articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases.Through a series of data collection activities,48 articles were obtained as review material in this study.The results of this study indicate that the FASP management that has been implemented in Indonesia not only supports educational and research objectives,but also supports the achievement of SDGs which are divided into 1)ecology and biodiversity(SDG 15),2)community welfare(SDG 1,2,and 5),3)sustainable utilization(SDG 12),4)climate change response(SDG 13),and 5)water and soil conservation(SDG 6).Further research can be conducted at different FASP locations to support information on the role of FASP in achieving the SDGs.
文摘As we know,we only have one Earth,and it is our shared home.However,in today's world,more and more non-recyclable waste surrounds us.This waste pollutes the air,water,and soil,making our environment less healthy.It also threatens the wellbeing of humans,animals,and plants.If we do nothing,the problem will only get worse.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province[Grant No.ZR2022MD104]Rizhao Natural Science Foundation Youth Fund Project[Grant No.RZ2021ZR36]Taishan Scholars Youth Expert Support Plan of Shandong Province[Grant No.tsqn202306183].
文摘As a novel economic paradigm that drives high-quality economic development,the digital economy(DE)can potentially significantly enhance the utilization efficiency of ecological resources and improve human well-being.Based on panel data from 285 prefecture-level cities in China spanning 2011-2021,this study empirically investigates the direct effects,transmission mechanisms,and spatial spillover effects of the DE on ecological welfare performance(EWP)using benchmark regression,intermediary effects,and spatial Durbin models.The results show that the DE significantly improved EWP in Chinese cities.This conclusion remains valid even after controlling for relevant influencing factors.Two transmission paths—upgrading of the industrial structure(UIS)and green innovation(GI)—significantly impacted EWP,as verified by the mediation effect model.Additionally,the mediating effect of the UIS was stronger than that of GI.Spatial heterogeneity tests show that the DE had significant effects on the EWP of eastern cities,with little impact on the central and western cities.Accordingly,grounded in regional developmental disparities,the empowering effects of the DE must be fully harnessed to foster an ecological civilization and enhance the well-being of the populace.
文摘Economic inequality is a persistent global issue with profound implications for mental health,particularly among older adults.Previous studies have largely focused on objective economic well-being indicators such as income,employment status,and poverty.While these factors are crucial,emerging evidence suggests that welfare benefits and subjective economic well-being components of what can be deemed augmented economic well-being,may play equally significant roles in shaping psychological health among aging populations.This research explores how disparities in these aspects contribute to psychological distress in older adults.We highlight the role of financial security,government assistance pro-grams,and personal economic satisfaction.We propose policy interventions to mitigate adverse effects and emphasize the need for a holistic approach to econo-mic well-being to improve mental health outcomes in older adults.This study reveals that subjective financial security and access to welfare benefits often surpass income as predictors of mental health.These insights underscore the importance of broadening economic frameworks in aging research and deve-loping integrated policies to enhance financial and psychological well-being.
基金funded by R.D.H.,P.B.,A.S.W. and Z.W,Heart Foundation Vanguard Grant#107321funded by contributions from The Baird Institute for applied Heart and Lung Research.
文摘Objective:Sheep are commonly used as large animal pre-clinical models for inves-tigating cardiovascular therapies,interventions,anatomy and physiology.Further,novel small diameter vascular grafts are frequently tested via implantation into sheep carotid arteries(CAs).This is because,unlike humans,acute occlusion of one or both sheep CAs is not associated with morbidity or mortality and thus provides safer experimental testing,with reduced ethical constraints,animal numbers and costs.However,to date there has been no evidence regarding sheep tolerance of femoral artery(FA)occlusion.Methods:In this study,seven sheep underwent CA graft surgery,with digital subtrac-tion angiography(DSA)of the CAs performed every 2 months via femoral access,for a total of 8 months.Four months into the study,the left FA of two sheep became inac-cessible due to a suspected FA occlusion.Thus,femoral angiography was performed,followed by FA dissection,FA histology and retrospective analysis of both veterinar-ian animal monitoring and pain scores.Results:FA angiography and histology confirmed complete left FA occlusion in two sheep.Retrospective animal monitoring demonstrated sheep with occluded FAs did not display increased pain scores or deleterious effects on their gait or wellbeing.Conclusion:Our data shows that sheep tolerate FA occlusion with no symptoms,similar to their cerebral circulation,making them an appropriate model for assessing small diameter femoral graft interposition studies and testing other cardiovascular interventions.
文摘Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional processing and healing of lab animal researchers and animal facility staff.Even though remembrance activities are practiced in many parts of the world,we did not come across any reported cases in Sri Lanka before 2022.Therefore,here,we report on the various remembrance activities and practices observed within our local scientific community.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)Project“Research on Economic Growth Theory”(Grant No.22VRC176)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Project“Economic Dynamic Equilibrium and Optimal Regulation Policy Framework Design in the Process of Population Aging”(Grant No.72342033)+1 种基金NSFC Project“Research on the Macroeconomic Impact Mechanism of Local Government Land Allocation Behavior”(Grant No.72003211)the Central University of Finance and Economics Youth Research Innovation Team Support Program Project“Research on Data-Based Platform Anti-Monopoly Regulation”(Grant No.20230047).
文摘This paper develops an economic growth model incorporating China’s Environmental Target Responsibility System(ETRS)to analyze its impact on both economic growth and social welfare.We find that the ETRS’s effect on economic growth is complex,resulting from the interplay of three key factors:its potential to improve environmental quality,its potential dampening effect on total factor productivity(TFP),and its influence on local government spending on environmental governance.A balanced ETRS can improve environmental quality,promote technological innovation,and enhance social welfare.However,excessively stringent targets and overly emphasized responsibility may lead to declines in both economic growth and social welfare.From the perspective of balancing economic growth and social welfare,we find that the ETRS that maximizes economic growth is less stringent than the ETRS that maximizes social welfare.Crucially,the economic growth cost of shifting from a growth-maximizing to a welfare-maximizing ETRS is minimal.In other words,significant improvements in environmental quality and public well-being can be achieved without substantially sacrificing economic dynamism.This paper attempts to model China’s unique environmental target assessment system within the framework of endogenous growth theory,offering a new perspective for understanding the dynamic relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in China.
文摘The FELASA 2025 Congress,themed“Reducing Severity in Animal Research,”convened global experts in laboratory animal sciences to discuss ethical advancements,welfare standards,and innovative practices.Key sessions highlighted the integration of the 3R principles(Replacement,Reduction,Refinement),with presentations addressing challenges in immunology,AI-driven animal monitoring,and aseptic surgical techniques.Notable lectures,including Prof.Stasinos Stavrianeas'exploration of zoology's origins and Dr.David Anderson's award-winning talk on squid welfare,emphasized cultural relevance and ethical responsibility.The congress also prioritized sustainability through waste-reduction measures and digital tools like an official app for enhanced networking.Exhibitions showcased cutting-edge technologies,while workshops fostered hands-on skill development.By advocating openness and interdisciplinary collaboration,FELASA 2025 aimed to advance humane and scientifically rigorous animal research practices globally.
文摘The construction of ecological public welfare forests is an important ccomponent and foundation of building a beautiful China and plays an important role in the construction of ecological civilization.As an important barrier to maintaining ecological balance and ensuring ecological security,ecological public welfare forests play an extremely important role in human survival and development.The construction and management of ecological public welfare forests can bring many ecological benefits to the local area;Yulong County has effectively improved the ecological environment after years of ecological public welfare forest construction.Therefore,promoting the healthy development of ecological public welfare forests is of great significance.Based on the data from the field questionnaire survey in Yulong County,this paper employs a binary regression model to analyze the influencing factors of willingness to pay for ecological compensation.It identifies the existing problems in the ecological compensation of public welfare forests in Yulong County and puts forward corresponding recommendations.These include improving the compensation policies for public welfare forests,strengthening system construction,adjusting the rural industrial structure,and increasing the income levels of farmers.The aim is to provide a reference for improving the management level and scientific management of ecological public welfare forests in Lijiang City and to achieve the management goal of continuously and stably exerting various ecological and social benefits of ecological public welfare forests.
文摘As the Philippines celebrated the 2nd Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)last November 29,2025,the Philippine Association for Laboratory Animal Sciences(PALAS)reflected on a year marked by growth,collaboration,and renewed commitment to ethical and scientific excellence in animal-based research.Throughout 2025,PALAS has continued to strengthen the laboratory animal science community by advancing education,capacity building,policy advocacy,and regional cooperation.These efforts underscore PALAS’vital role in shaping a culture of responsible animal research aligned with international standards.
文摘Malaysia's commemoration of the second Asia Laboratory Animal Day(ALAD)in 2025 marked a notable step forward in strengthening national and regional laboratory animal science,ethical governance,and humane research practices.Celebrated a day earlier on 28 November,an initiative led by the Laboratory Animal Science Association of Malaysia(LASAM),comprised a coordinated three-month programme from September to November.A series of targeted activities were conducted,including professional exchange visits,competency-based rodent care and use workshops,refinement-centred blood sampling training,and institutional lectures on ethics and welfare.These engagements involved researchers,technicians,ethics committee members,and undergraduate trainees;reflecting ALAD's aim of fostering ethical awareness and technical proficiency across all levels of research personnel.A major highlight of the campaign was the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding between LASAM and Universiti Teknologi MARA(UiTM),strengthening long-term collaboration in training,welfare standard harmonisation,and shared ethical governance.The programme also delivered measurable outcomes:over 92%of participants improved their understanding of the 3Rs and humane endpoints,more than 95%attained competency in basic rodent handling,and national interest in laboratory animal science increased,as reflected by rising LASAM membership.Malaysia's ALAD initiatives emphasise the importance of grassroots engagement,refinement-based training,and strong institutional partnerships in advancing ethical and humane science.The country's experience provides a replicable framework for other Asian regions seeking to enhance welfare capacity,harmonise standards,and cultivate responsible research communities.Malaysia remains committed to supporting ALAD's ongoing mission to advance scientific integrity and animal welfare across Asia.
基金the National Social Science Fund of China Youth Project“Research on the Application Dilemma and Solutions of the Appointed Guardianship Clauses in the Civil Code”(Project Approval Number 20CFX075).
文摘In a deeply aging society,the appointed guardianship system,as an important arrangement for the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly,still faces many practical difficulties.Typical examples include:during the decision-making stage of whether to choose appointed guardianship,the lack of professionalism and availability of appointed guardians can easily hinder the elderly from choosing to apply it;during the establishment stage of appointed guardianship,the limited rules related to the appointed guardianship agreement can easily lead to the frustration of the elderly’s subjective will;during the operation stage of appointed guardianship,the insufficient accountability mechanisms for appointed guardians can easily lead to the infringement of the personal or property rights of the elderly.By reflecting on its jurisprudential causes,it can be found that the current law largely ignores the orientation of appointed guardianship as a welfare for the elderly in social law,the concept of substantive equality in the appointed guardianship agreement,and the theoretical attributes of the appointed guardianship as a fiduciary relationship.Therefore,the appointed guardianship system in China should be systematically improved to fully release its institutional potential in the protection of the rights and interests of the elderly based on these jurisprudential principles.In particular,it is possible to consider actively promoting the“trust+appointed guardianship”model and cultivating a team of appointed guardians by the state based on the concept of elderly welfare;strengthening the protection of notarization procedures and the reasonable design of the appointed guardianship agreement based on the concept of substantive equality;and refining the fiduciary standards of appointed guardians and strengthening guardianship supervision based on the nature of fiduciary relationship.
