Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),encompassing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,manifests as a chronic,recurrent,and refractory intestinal inflammatory condition significantly impacting patients’quality of life....Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),encompassing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,manifests as a chronic,recurrent,and refractory intestinal inflammatory condition significantly impacting patients’quality of life.Despite ongoing research,its etiology and pathogenesis remain incompletely understood.Recent advancements in medical research highlight the critical role of drug combination therapies in managing IBD.This paper employs the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats framework to evaluate the four strategic elements(strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats)pertaining to combination therapies for IBD.Among the strengths,the paper underscores the efficacy of multi-targeted strategies,the advancement of personalized medicine,and the mitigation of drug resistance.Nonetheless,the analysis identifies significant weaknesses,including the prohibitive cost of treatment,issues with patient compliance,and the necessity for comprehensive long-term safety data.The paper also delineates opportunities to augment therapeutic success through the incorporation of biomarkers,the application of artificial intelligence,and extensive international collaborative efforts.In contrast,the paper does not shy away from addressing the threats,which include the potential for therapeutic resistance and the logistical challenges inherent in global therapy deployment.These initiatives aim to refine future therapeutic practices,fostering safer,more effective,and personalized treatment paradigms for IBD patients.展开更多
As seemingly persuasive as Chomsky's theory is, it is significantly flawed in four aspects: 1. ignoring a much fundamental creative force in early infancy; 2. equation of first-language learning with second-langua...As seemingly persuasive as Chomsky's theory is, it is significantly flawed in four aspects: 1. ignoring a much fundamental creative force in early infancy; 2. equation of first-language learning with second-language learning; 3. methodology; 4. employment of terms.展开更多
Background Despite high relapse rate among methamphetamine (MA) abusers, there still have been little empirical data to date detecting the risk factors related to craving and relapse from the perspective of MA abusers...Background Despite high relapse rate among methamphetamine (MA) abusers, there still have been little empirical data to date detecting the risk factors related to craving and relapse from the perspective of MA abusers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use qualitative research methods exploring the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat factors that could facilitate or impede individuals' abstinence in a real-life context from the perspectives of MA abusers. Aim To use qualitative research methods exploring the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat factors relating to individuals' abstinence in a real-life context. Method Semistructured interviews were conducted with 32 MA abusers recruited in Shanghai guided by open-ended questions on narrating the real-life catalysts and inhibitors related to craving, initiation, relapse and abstinence. All data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. Results The results of the SWOT analysis revealed that contextual factors including peer influence, prevalence and availability of MA, familiar venue of MA use, discrimination, sexual behaviours, alcohol, emotional states and their attitudes towards smoking MA were important factors that contribute to reinitiation and relapse. Surveillance systems, antidrug social workers, vocational skills trainings, moving to another city and family responsibility might serve as counter measures targeti叩 those mentioned weaknesses and threats above. Conclusion This SWOT analysis highlights the complex nature of relapse. Comprehensive interventions strengtheni叩 coping skills such as virtual reality techniques are desperately needed to facilitate individuals1 sustained abstinence.展开更多
When it comes to the practical use of English, the traditional college English class, which has big size and uses lecture-style teaching, has increasingly showed its disadvantages. The English Department of Harbin Eng...When it comes to the practical use of English, the traditional college English class, which has big size and uses lecture-style teaching, has increasingly showed its disadvantages. The English Department of Harbin Engineering University has initiated a mini-class model in recent years, which has received positive responses from both teachers and students who have experienced the class. By comparing the lecture-style class with mini-class, this paper will introduce the strengths and weaknesses of mini-class according to the author＇s observation of the class as well as the feedbacks from teachers and students. As is found out, its strengths far outweigh its weaknesses, and therefore the model is highly recommended for college English class in other schools展开更多
America is the only hegemonic power in the world today and is looking vigilantly at every other country that may take its hegemonic position.In Northeast Asia,America is focused on reinforcing its alliance with Japan ...America is the only hegemonic power in the world today and is looking vigilantly at every other country that may take its hegemonic position.In Northeast Asia,America is focused on reinforcing its alliance with Japan and South Korea and is working quickly to deploy the THAAD system in展开更多
The belt and road initiative strategy is proposed based on the stable and sustainable cooperation on economy and development between China and neighboring countries.The development of economy can affect every aspect o...The belt and road initiative strategy is proposed based on the stable and sustainable cooperation on economy and development between China and neighboring countries.The development of economy can affect every aspect of vocational education development.Therefore,vocational education in China must be moved toward internationalization to achieve sustainable development in the face of the implementation of the belt and road initiative strategy.The analysis data obtained through the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats analysis method on the internationalization of China’s vocational education under the background of the belt and road initiative strategy were the advantages analysis(strengths)of continuous maturity in developing of vocational education,which drives by economic development and the foreign employment and entrepreneurship guidance mechanism;the disadvantages analysis(weaknesses)of lack talent cultivation and weak branding of vocational education;analysis of support opportunities given by national policy;and threats analysis of social culture in the involved countries along the route.To further develop and expand China’s vocational education under the background of the belt and road initiative strategy,some countermeasures were proposed such as improves cultivation or training of talents,to build strong branding of China vocational education,and faces cultural challenges to facilitate the international development of China vocational education.展开更多
Training of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province brings advantages in increasing government support for the preschool education industry.The society attaches an important role to the preschool education industry as ...Training of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province brings advantages in increasing government support for the preschool education industry.The society attaches an important role to the preschool education industry as well as the rapid development of preschool education in Sichuan Province.However,problem exists in large flows of preschool teachers and imbalanced gender ratios.By viewing from the new situation,the comprehensive liberalization of the second-child policy and the development of educational informatization as well as the implementation of the one belt and one road strategy have created great opportunities in training of preschool teachers.At the same time,the increase in external impact of high-quality graduates in the east also poses a great threat to the development of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province.Through the strategic combination of strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats analysis,the paper explores effective countermeasure ways to improve the quality of training of the preschool teachers in Sichuan Province and the construction of an excellent team of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province.展开更多
As one of Crane’s most representative works,The Red Badge of Courage has been paid much attention to and studied by scholars at home and abroad from different perspectives since its publication.As for me,I’d like to...As one of Crane’s most representative works,The Red Badge of Courage has been paid much attention to and studied by scholars at home and abroad from different perspectives since its publication.As for me,I’d like to study on human weaknesses in Henry in The Red Badge of Courage to give an analysis of the three main human weaknesses existing in Henry and explore the underlying causes.It will be of great benefit to promote our understanding of the novel from this angle,thus bringing us much practical significance.展开更多
In Orientalism,the author Edward W.Said stated that the Orient is negatively defined and serves to support the West'ssuperiority and strength.Citing a number of discourses and texts in the book,he broke the bounda...In Orientalism,the author Edward W.Said stated that the Orient is negatively defined and serves to support the West'ssuperiority and strength.Citing a number of discourses and texts in the book,he broke the boundary between knowledge and poli-tics,and further examined how the knowledge that the Western colonial powers shaped about the Orient assisted to make a de-praved picture of the colonies,to justify their colonial ambition and suppression.Nevertheless,although Said attempted to explainthe selection of the oriental area in his discussion,a vast area of the Far East,such as China and Japan is excluded.Furthermore,he regarded the Orient as a completely passive colony,and negated any resistance from the Orient.展开更多
More and more non-native English speaking teachers teach with native English speaking teachers in Chinese context or other non-English speaking countries. It is worthwhile to evaluate their strengths and constraints. ...More and more non-native English speaking teachers teach with native English speaking teachers in Chinese context or other non-English speaking countries. It is worthwhile to evaluate their strengths and constraints. The current paper discusses their differences in term of linguistic teaching characteristics, social culture teaching characteristics and pedagogical teaching characteristics. It concludes that two groups of teachers can be successful language teachers with the equal chances on their own terms and can make up for their constraints by applying certain patterns of collaboration.展开更多
This paper deals with Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations with weak monotonicity coefficients.We first establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic diff...This paper deals with Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations with weak monotonicity coefficients.We first establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations.Then we obtain a comparison theorem in one-dimensional situation.展开更多
China, as a developing nation, has therare success of maintaining the balance be-tween its rural and urban population toabout 80% and 20%, although the urbanpopulation has actually increased 130%since 1949, which is g...China, as a developing nation, has therare success of maintaining the balance be-tween its rural and urban population toabout 80% and 20%, although the urbanpopulation has actually increased 130%since 1949, which is greater than the increaseof the national population (Zou, 1986).With its modernization effort and theliberalization of the economy, there aregreat demands for additional and improvedproduction space and efficient productionconditions, as well as demands for a betterliving environment which includes展开更多
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nu...BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition(EEN) and the role of biomarkers in managing ICU-AW.METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 180 patients at risk of malnutrition admitted to the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Patients were divided into ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group according to whether they developed ICU-AW, or categorized into EEN and parenteral nutrition(PN) groups according to nutritional support. ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council score. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ICU-AW.RESULTS: The significant factors associated with ICU-AW included age, sex, type of nutritional therapy, mechanical ventilation(MV), body mass index(BMI), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(Cr) levels(P<0.05). The PN group developed ICU-AW earlier than did the EEN group, with a significant difference observed(log-rank P<0.001). Among biomarkers for ICU-AW, the mean prealbumin(PAB)/C-reactive protein(CRP) ratio had the highest diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve [AUC] 0.928, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.892–0.946), surpassing the mean Cr/BUN ratio(AUC 0.740, 95% CI 0.663–0.819) and mean transferrin levels(AUC 0.653, 95% CI 0.574–0.733).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for ICU-AW include female sex, advanced age, PN, MV, lower BMI, and elevated BUN and Cr levels. EEN may potentially delay ICU-AW onset, and the PAB/CRP ratio may be an effective diagnostic marker for this condition.展开更多
The potential of 2-amino-1-propanol(AP)as a novel depressant in selectively floating ilmenite from titanaugite under weakly acidic conditions was investigated.Micro-flotation results show that AP significantly reduces...The potential of 2-amino-1-propanol(AP)as a novel depressant in selectively floating ilmenite from titanaugite under weakly acidic conditions was investigated.Micro-flotation results show that AP significantly reduces the recovery of titanaugite while having no evident impact on ilmenite flotation.Subsequent bench-scale flotation tests further confirm a remarkable improvement in separation efficiency upon the introduction of AP.Contact angle and adsorption tests reveal a stronger affinity of AP towards the titanaugite surface in comparison to ilmenite.Zeta potential measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses exhibit favorable adsorption characteristics of AP on titanaugite,resulting from a synergy of electrostatic attraction and chemical interaction.In contrast,electrostatic repulsion hinders any significant interaction between AP and the ilmenite surface.These findings highlight the potential of AP as a highly efficient depressant for ilmenite flotation,paving the way for reduced reliance on sulfuric acid in the industry.展开更多
Natural cemented calcareous sand and limestone are highly complex and not well understood in terms of the me-chanical behavior due to the difficulty of obtaining undisturbed samples from far sea.This paper proposes an...Natural cemented calcareous sand and limestone are highly complex and not well understood in terms of the me-chanical behavior due to the difficulty of obtaining undisturbed samples from far sea.This paper proposes an artificial method in a laboratory setting using microbial-induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)to simulate the natural process of cementation of limestone.The artificially cemented sand has a high degree of similarity with the natural weakly limestone in three aspects:(1)the mineral composition of the cemented material is also granular calcite and acicular aragonite;(2)the microstructure in interconnected open pore network can be gradually closed and contracted with cementation.The porosity reaches to approximately 9.2%;(3)both the stress-strain relationship and the unconfined strength closely resemble that of natural weakly limestone.Furthermore,both static and dynamic behaviors of artificial limestone were studied by quasi-static compression tests and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)tests,finding that the unconfined strength of weakly artifical limestone exponentially increases with increasing strain rate.A rate-dependent bond strength was proposed and implemented in software to reveal the mechanism of strain rate effects.It is found that the loading velocity is too high to keep in sync with the initiation and propagation of cracks under impact loading.This delay-induced viscosity may restrict the movement of the surrounding balls,thus increasing resistance.展开更多
本文主要考虑可压欧拉方程组的初边值问题。研究了两类具有高阶精度的熵稳定有限体积格式的收敛性,通过对数值解建立合适的一致性估计,证明随着步长 h → 0,若数值解的密度是远离真空且有界的,则由这两类熵稳定数值格式构造的解可以生...本文主要考虑可压欧拉方程组的初边值问题。研究了两类具有高阶精度的熵稳定有限体积格式的收敛性,通过对数值解建立合适的一致性估计,证明随着步长 h → 0,若数值解的密度是远离真空且有界的,则由这两类熵稳定数值格式构造的解可以生成耗散测度值解。In this paper, we primarily consider the initial boundary value problem for compress-ible Euler equations. We study the convergence of two classes of high-order accurate entropy stable finite volume schemes. By establishing appropriate the priori esti-mates for the numerical solutions, we prove that as the step size h → 0, the solutionsconstructed by these two types of entropy stable numerical schemes can generate dissipative measure-valued solutions, provided that the density of the approximate solutions is bounded away from vacuum and bounded above.展开更多
Nitrogen doping in chemical vapor deposition-derived ultrananocrystalline diamond(UNCD)films in-creases the electronic conductivity,yet its microstructural effects on electron transport are insufficiently understood.W...Nitrogen doping in chemical vapor deposition-derived ultrananocrystalline diamond(UNCD)films in-creases the electronic conductivity,yet its microstructural effects on electron transport are insufficiently understood.We investigated the formation of nitrogen-induced diaph-ite structures(hybrid diamond-graphite phases)and their role in changing the conductivity.Nitrogen doping in a hy-drogen-rich plasma environment promotes the emergence of unique sp^(3)-sp^(2)bonding interfaces,where diamond grains are covalently integrated with graphitic domains,facilitating a structure-driven electronic transition.High-resolution transmis-sion electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction reveal five-fold,six-fold and twelve-fold symmetries,along with an atypical{200}crystallographic reflection,confirming diaphite formation in 5%and 10%N-doped UNCD films,while high-er doping levels(15%and 20%)result in extensive graphitization.Raman spectroscopy tracks the evolution of sp^(2)bonding with increasing nitrogen content,while atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction indicate a consistent diamond grain size of~8 nm.Cryogenic electronic transport measurements reveal a conductivity increase from 8.72 to 708 S/cm as the nitrogen dop-ing level increases from 5%to 20%,which is attributed to defect-mediated carrier transport and 3D weak localization.The res-ulting conductivity is three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported.These findings establish a direct correlation between diaphite structural polymorphism and tunable electronic properties in nitrogen-doped UNCD films,offering new ways for defect-engineering diamond-based electronic materials.展开更多
The reaction of Mg^(2+)and 5-{1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl}terephthalic acid(H_(2)L)leads to two metal-organic frameworks,[Mg(L)(DMF)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]_(2)·5DMF·2H_(2)O(1)with a 1D structure and...The reaction of Mg^(2+)and 5-{1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl}terephthalic acid(H_(2)L)leads to two metal-organic frameworks,[Mg(L)(DMF)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]_(2)·5DMF·2H_(2)O(1)with a 1D structure and[Mg_(2)(L)_(2)(DMSO)_(3)(H_(2)O)](2)with a 2D(4,4)-net structure.Interestingly,the two compounds exhibit distinct luminescent responses to external mechanical stimuli.1 exhibited exceptional resistance mechanical chromic luminescence(RMCL),which can be attributed to the predominant hydrogen bonds and the presence of high-boiling-point solvent molecules within its structure.2 had a reversible MCL property,which can be attributed to the dominantπ-πweak interactions,coupled with the reversible destruction/restoration of its crystallinity under grinding/fumigation.CCDC:2410963,1;2410964,2.展开更多
In this paper we study the Freidlin-Wentzell's large deviation principle for the following nonlinear fractional stochastic heat equation driven by Gaussian noise∂/∂tu^(ε)=D_(δ)^(α)(t,x)+√εσ(u^(ε)(t,x))W(t,x...In this paper we study the Freidlin-Wentzell's large deviation principle for the following nonlinear fractional stochastic heat equation driven by Gaussian noise∂/∂tu^(ε)=D_(δ)^(α)(t,x)+√εσ(u^(ε)(t,x))W(t,x),(t,x)∈[0,T]×R,where D_(δ)^(α)is a nonlocal fractional differential operator and W is the Gaussian noise which is white in time and behaves as a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index H satisfying 3-α/4<H<1/2,in the space variable.The weak convergence approach plays an important role.展开更多
文摘Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),encompassing Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,manifests as a chronic,recurrent,and refractory intestinal inflammatory condition significantly impacting patients’quality of life.Despite ongoing research,its etiology and pathogenesis remain incompletely understood.Recent advancements in medical research highlight the critical role of drug combination therapies in managing IBD.This paper employs the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats framework to evaluate the four strategic elements(strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats)pertaining to combination therapies for IBD.Among the strengths,the paper underscores the efficacy of multi-targeted strategies,the advancement of personalized medicine,and the mitigation of drug resistance.Nonetheless,the analysis identifies significant weaknesses,including the prohibitive cost of treatment,issues with patient compliance,and the necessity for comprehensive long-term safety data.The paper also delineates opportunities to augment therapeutic success through the incorporation of biomarkers,the application of artificial intelligence,and extensive international collaborative efforts.In contrast,the paper does not shy away from addressing the threats,which include the potential for therapeutic resistance and the logistical challenges inherent in global therapy deployment.These initiatives aim to refine future therapeutic practices,fostering safer,more effective,and personalized treatment paradigms for IBD patients.
文摘As seemingly persuasive as Chomsky's theory is, it is significantly flawed in four aspects: 1. ignoring a much fundamental creative force in early infancy; 2. equation of first-language learning with second-language learning; 3. methodology; 4. employment of terms.
基金National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC1310400), National Nature Science Foundation of China (U150222& 81501148)Shanghai Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission (2014ZYJB0002)+3 种基金Shanghai Health and Family Planni叩 Commission Clinical Research Project (20184Y0134)Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader (17XD1403300)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders (13DZ2260500)Qihang Project of Shanghai Mental Health Center (2018-QH-02).
文摘Background Despite high relapse rate among methamphetamine (MA) abusers, there still have been little empirical data to date detecting the risk factors related to craving and relapse from the perspective of MA abusers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use qualitative research methods exploring the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat factors that could facilitate or impede individuals' abstinence in a real-life context from the perspectives of MA abusers. Aim To use qualitative research methods exploring the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat factors relating to individuals' abstinence in a real-life context. Method Semistructured interviews were conducted with 32 MA abusers recruited in Shanghai guided by open-ended questions on narrating the real-life catalysts and inhibitors related to craving, initiation, relapse and abstinence. All data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis. Results The results of the SWOT analysis revealed that contextual factors including peer influence, prevalence and availability of MA, familiar venue of MA use, discrimination, sexual behaviours, alcohol, emotional states and their attitudes towards smoking MA were important factors that contribute to reinitiation and relapse. Surveillance systems, antidrug social workers, vocational skills trainings, moving to another city and family responsibility might serve as counter measures targeti叩 those mentioned weaknesses and threats above. Conclusion This SWOT analysis highlights the complex nature of relapse. Comprehensive interventions strengtheni叩 coping skills such as virtual reality techniques are desperately needed to facilitate individuals1 sustained abstinence.
文摘When it comes to the practical use of English, the traditional college English class, which has big size and uses lecture-style teaching, has increasingly showed its disadvantages. The English Department of Harbin Engineering University has initiated a mini-class model in recent years, which has received positive responses from both teachers and students who have experienced the class. By comparing the lecture-style class with mini-class, this paper will introduce the strengths and weaknesses of mini-class according to the author＇s observation of the class as well as the feedbacks from teachers and students. As is found out, its strengths far outweigh its weaknesses, and therefore the model is highly recommended for college English class in other schools
文摘America is the only hegemonic power in the world today and is looking vigilantly at every other country that may take its hegemonic position.In Northeast Asia,America is focused on reinforcing its alliance with Japan and South Korea and is working quickly to deploy the THAAD system in
文摘The belt and road initiative strategy is proposed based on the stable and sustainable cooperation on economy and development between China and neighboring countries.The development of economy can affect every aspect of vocational education development.Therefore,vocational education in China must be moved toward internationalization to achieve sustainable development in the face of the implementation of the belt and road initiative strategy.The analysis data obtained through the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats analysis method on the internationalization of China’s vocational education under the background of the belt and road initiative strategy were the advantages analysis(strengths)of continuous maturity in developing of vocational education,which drives by economic development and the foreign employment and entrepreneurship guidance mechanism;the disadvantages analysis(weaknesses)of lack talent cultivation and weak branding of vocational education;analysis of support opportunities given by national policy;and threats analysis of social culture in the involved countries along the route.To further develop and expand China’s vocational education under the background of the belt and road initiative strategy,some countermeasures were proposed such as improves cultivation or training of talents,to build strong branding of China vocational education,and faces cultural challenges to facilitate the international development of China vocational education.
文摘Training of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province brings advantages in increasing government support for the preschool education industry.The society attaches an important role to the preschool education industry as well as the rapid development of preschool education in Sichuan Province.However,problem exists in large flows of preschool teachers and imbalanced gender ratios.By viewing from the new situation,the comprehensive liberalization of the second-child policy and the development of educational informatization as well as the implementation of the one belt and one road strategy have created great opportunities in training of preschool teachers.At the same time,the increase in external impact of high-quality graduates in the east also poses a great threat to the development of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province.Through the strategic combination of strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats analysis,the paper explores effective countermeasure ways to improve the quality of training of the preschool teachers in Sichuan Province and the construction of an excellent team of preschool teachers in Sichuan Province.
文摘As one of Crane’s most representative works,The Red Badge of Courage has been paid much attention to and studied by scholars at home and abroad from different perspectives since its publication.As for me,I’d like to study on human weaknesses in Henry in The Red Badge of Courage to give an analysis of the three main human weaknesses existing in Henry and explore the underlying causes.It will be of great benefit to promote our understanding of the novel from this angle,thus bringing us much practical significance.
文摘In Orientalism,the author Edward W.Said stated that the Orient is negatively defined and serves to support the West'ssuperiority and strength.Citing a number of discourses and texts in the book,he broke the boundary between knowledge and poli-tics,and further examined how the knowledge that the Western colonial powers shaped about the Orient assisted to make a de-praved picture of the colonies,to justify their colonial ambition and suppression.Nevertheless,although Said attempted to explainthe selection of the oriental area in his discussion,a vast area of the Far East,such as China and Japan is excluded.Furthermore,he regarded the Orient as a completely passive colony,and negated any resistance from the Orient.
文摘More and more non-native English speaking teachers teach with native English speaking teachers in Chinese context or other non-English speaking countries. It is worthwhile to evaluate their strengths and constraints. The current paper discusses their differences in term of linguistic teaching characteristics, social culture teaching characteristics and pedagogical teaching characteristics. It concludes that two groups of teachers can be successful language teachers with the equal chances on their own terms and can make up for their constraints by applying certain patterns of collaboration.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12001074)the Research Innovation Program of Graduate Students in Hunan Province(CX20220258)+1 种基金the Research Innovation Program of Graduate Students of Central South University(1053320214147)the Key Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(25B110025)。
文摘This paper deals with Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations with weak monotonicity coefficients.We first establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations.Then we obtain a comparison theorem in one-dimensional situation.
文摘China, as a developing nation, has therare success of maintaining the balance be-tween its rural and urban population toabout 80% and 20%, although the urbanpopulation has actually increased 130%since 1949, which is greater than the increaseof the national population (Zou, 1986).With its modernization effort and theliberalization of the economy, there aregreat demands for additional and improvedproduction space and efficient productionconditions, as well as demands for a betterliving environment which includes
文摘BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition(EEN) and the role of biomarkers in managing ICU-AW.METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 180 patients at risk of malnutrition admitted to the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Patients were divided into ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group according to whether they developed ICU-AW, or categorized into EEN and parenteral nutrition(PN) groups according to nutritional support. ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council score. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ICU-AW.RESULTS: The significant factors associated with ICU-AW included age, sex, type of nutritional therapy, mechanical ventilation(MV), body mass index(BMI), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(Cr) levels(P<0.05). The PN group developed ICU-AW earlier than did the EEN group, with a significant difference observed(log-rank P<0.001). Among biomarkers for ICU-AW, the mean prealbumin(PAB)/C-reactive protein(CRP) ratio had the highest diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve [AUC] 0.928, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.892–0.946), surpassing the mean Cr/BUN ratio(AUC 0.740, 95% CI 0.663–0.819) and mean transferrin levels(AUC 0.653, 95% CI 0.574–0.733).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for ICU-AW include female sex, advanced age, PN, MV, lower BMI, and elevated BUN and Cr levels. EEN may potentially delay ICU-AW onset, and the PAB/CRP ratio may be an effective diagnostic marker for this condition.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1803501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074357)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(No.2022JJ30713)the Vanadium Titanium Union Foundationthe Project of Technology Innovation Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Strategic Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,China。
文摘The potential of 2-amino-1-propanol(AP)as a novel depressant in selectively floating ilmenite from titanaugite under weakly acidic conditions was investigated.Micro-flotation results show that AP significantly reduces the recovery of titanaugite while having no evident impact on ilmenite flotation.Subsequent bench-scale flotation tests further confirm a remarkable improvement in separation efficiency upon the introduction of AP.Contact angle and adsorption tests reveal a stronger affinity of AP towards the titanaugite surface in comparison to ilmenite.Zeta potential measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analyses exhibit favorable adsorption characteristics of AP on titanaugite,resulting from a synergy of electrostatic attraction and chemical interaction.In contrast,electrostatic repulsion hinders any significant interaction between AP and the ilmenite surface.These findings highlight the potential of AP as a highly efficient depressant for ilmenite flotation,paving the way for reduced reliance on sulfuric acid in the industry.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52279097,No.51779264)Blue and Green Project of Jiangsu Province.
文摘Natural cemented calcareous sand and limestone are highly complex and not well understood in terms of the me-chanical behavior due to the difficulty of obtaining undisturbed samples from far sea.This paper proposes an artificial method in a laboratory setting using microbial-induced carbonate precipitation(MICP)to simulate the natural process of cementation of limestone.The artificially cemented sand has a high degree of similarity with the natural weakly limestone in three aspects:(1)the mineral composition of the cemented material is also granular calcite and acicular aragonite;(2)the microstructure in interconnected open pore network can be gradually closed and contracted with cementation.The porosity reaches to approximately 9.2%;(3)both the stress-strain relationship and the unconfined strength closely resemble that of natural weakly limestone.Furthermore,both static and dynamic behaviors of artificial limestone were studied by quasi-static compression tests and Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar(SHPB)tests,finding that the unconfined strength of weakly artifical limestone exponentially increases with increasing strain rate.A rate-dependent bond strength was proposed and implemented in software to reveal the mechanism of strain rate effects.It is found that the loading velocity is too high to keep in sync with the initiation and propagation of cracks under impact loading.This delay-induced viscosity may restrict the movement of the surrounding balls,thus increasing resistance.
文摘本文主要考虑可压欧拉方程组的初边值问题。研究了两类具有高阶精度的熵稳定有限体积格式的收敛性,通过对数值解建立合适的一致性估计,证明随着步长 h → 0,若数值解的密度是远离真空且有界的,则由这两类熵稳定数值格式构造的解可以生成耗散测度值解。In this paper, we primarily consider the initial boundary value problem for compress-ible Euler equations. We study the convergence of two classes of high-order accurate entropy stable finite volume schemes. By establishing appropriate the priori esti-mates for the numerical solutions, we prove that as the step size h → 0, the solutionsconstructed by these two types of entropy stable numerical schemes can generate dissipative measure-valued solutions, provided that the density of the approximate solutions is bounded away from vacuum and bounded above.
文摘Nitrogen doping in chemical vapor deposition-derived ultrananocrystalline diamond(UNCD)films in-creases the electronic conductivity,yet its microstructural effects on electron transport are insufficiently understood.We investigated the formation of nitrogen-induced diaph-ite structures(hybrid diamond-graphite phases)and their role in changing the conductivity.Nitrogen doping in a hy-drogen-rich plasma environment promotes the emergence of unique sp^(3)-sp^(2)bonding interfaces,where diamond grains are covalently integrated with graphitic domains,facilitating a structure-driven electronic transition.High-resolution transmis-sion electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction reveal five-fold,six-fold and twelve-fold symmetries,along with an atypical{200}crystallographic reflection,confirming diaphite formation in 5%and 10%N-doped UNCD films,while high-er doping levels(15%and 20%)result in extensive graphitization.Raman spectroscopy tracks the evolution of sp^(2)bonding with increasing nitrogen content,while atomic force microscopy and X-ray diffraction indicate a consistent diamond grain size of~8 nm.Cryogenic electronic transport measurements reveal a conductivity increase from 8.72 to 708 S/cm as the nitrogen dop-ing level increases from 5%to 20%,which is attributed to defect-mediated carrier transport and 3D weak localization.The res-ulting conductivity is three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported.These findings establish a direct correlation between diaphite structural polymorphism and tunable electronic properties in nitrogen-doped UNCD films,offering new ways for defect-engineering diamond-based electronic materials.
文摘The reaction of Mg^(2+)and 5-{1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl}terephthalic acid(H_(2)L)leads to two metal-organic frameworks,[Mg(L)(DMF)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)]_(2)·5DMF·2H_(2)O(1)with a 1D structure and[Mg_(2)(L)_(2)(DMSO)_(3)(H_(2)O)](2)with a 2D(4,4)-net structure.Interestingly,the two compounds exhibit distinct luminescent responses to external mechanical stimuli.1 exhibited exceptional resistance mechanical chromic luminescence(RMCL),which can be attributed to the predominant hydrogen bonds and the presence of high-boiling-point solvent molecules within its structure.2 had a reversible MCL property,which can be attributed to the dominantπ-πweak interactions,coupled with the reversible destruction/restoration of its crystallinity under grinding/fumigation.CCDC:2410963,1;2410964,2.
基金Partially supported by NSFC(No.11701304)the K.C.Wong Education Foundation。
文摘In this paper we study the Freidlin-Wentzell's large deviation principle for the following nonlinear fractional stochastic heat equation driven by Gaussian noise∂/∂tu^(ε)=D_(δ)^(α)(t,x)+√εσ(u^(ε)(t,x))W(t,x),(t,x)∈[0,T]×R,where D_(δ)^(α)is a nonlocal fractional differential operator and W is the Gaussian noise which is white in time and behaves as a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst index H satisfying 3-α/4<H<1/2,in the space variable.The weak convergence approach plays an important role.
