To characterize m-weak group inverses,several algebraic methods are used,such as the use of idempotents,one-side principal ideals,and units.Consider an element a within a unitary ring that possesses Drazin invertibili...To characterize m-weak group inverses,several algebraic methods are used,such as the use of idempotents,one-side principal ideals,and units.Consider an element a within a unitary ring that possesses Drazin invertibility and an involution.This paper begins by outlining the conditions necessary for the existence of the m-weak group inverse of a.Moreover,it explores the criteria under which a can be considered pseudo core invertible and weak group invertible.In the context of a weak proper*-ring,it is proved that a is weak group invertible if,and only if,a D can serve as the weak group inverse of au,where u represents a specially invertible element closely associated with a D.The paper also introduces a counterexample to illustrate that a D cannot universally serve as the pseudo core inverse of another element.This distinction underscores the nuanced differences between pseudo core inverses and weak group inverses.Ultimately,the discussion expands to include the commuting properties of weak group inverses,extending these considerations to m-weak group inverses.Several new conditions on commuting properties of generalized inverses are given.These results show that pseudo core inverses,weak group inverses,and m-weak group inverses are not only closely linked but also have significant differences that set them apart.展开更多
We present the weighted weak group inverse,which is a new generalized inverse of operators between two Hilbert spaces,and we extend the notation of the weighted weak group inverse for rectangular matrices.Some charact...We present the weighted weak group inverse,which is a new generalized inverse of operators between two Hilbert spaces,and we extend the notation of the weighted weak group inverse for rectangular matrices.Some characterizations and representations of the weighted weak group inverse are investigated.We also apply these results to define and study the weak group inverse for a Hilbert space operator.Using the weak group inverse,we define and characterize various binary relations.展开更多
A rhodium-catalyzed directing group promoted selective C-H olefination reaction of indolizines at the 8-position is re ported.Di-olefination at 2,8-positions also achieved with silver hexafluoroantimonate as an additi...A rhodium-catalyzed directing group promoted selective C-H olefination reaction of indolizines at the 8-position is re ported.Di-olefination at 2,8-positions also achieved with silver hexafluoroantimonate as an additive under similar reaction conditions.Weakly coordinating groups,such as ketone,alde hyde,amide and ester,were used as directing groups.The ester group can be removed under acid conditions and therefore is used as a traceless directing group.展开更多
We theoretically explore the possibility of observing the quantum decoherence of neutrino oscillation due to the vacuum dispersion, that the wave-packet of neutrino spatially splits according to the different velociti...We theoretically explore the possibility of observing the quantum decoherence of neutrino oscillation due to the vacuum dispersion, that the wave-packet of neutrino spatially splits according to the different velocities of two mass eigenstates. We find that if this decoherence could be observed and the range of values of the mixing angle is known, then the superluminal neutrino phenomena could occur for some mixing angles as the consequence of a weak measurement about flavor mixing in the neutrino propagation. Our calculation gives the explicit dependence of group velocity shift to the decoherence factor and the weak value of neutrino's pre and post-selected states. We also study the related problems for the neutrino oscillation with three generations.展开更多
On the basis of the quasi-isomorphism of finite groups, a new mapping, weak isomorphism, from a finite group to another finite group is defined. Let G and H be two finite groups and G be weak-isomorphic to H. Then G≌...On the basis of the quasi-isomorphism of finite groups, a new mapping, weak isomorphism, from a finite group to another finite group is defined. Let G and H be two finite groups and G be weak-isomorphic to H. Then G≌H if G satisfies one of the following conditions. 1） G is a finite Abelian group. 2） The order of G is p^3. 3 ） The order of G is p^n＋1 and G has a cyclic normal subgroup N = 〈a〉 of order p^n. 4） G is a nilpotent group and if p^││G│, then for any P ∈ Sylp （G）, P has a cyclic maximal subgroup, where p is a prime; 5） G is a maximal class group of order p4（p〉3）.展开更多
The present work considers the endpoint in the abstract metric space. It firstly introduces the metric space of partially ordered groups and the metric space of partially ordered modules, respectively;and defines the ...The present work considers the endpoint in the abstract metric space. It firstly introduces the metric space of partially ordered groups and the metric space of partially ordered modules, respectively;and defines the convergence of sequences and the multi-valued weak contractions, etc., on the introduced space. And then, with the methods of functional analysis and abstract algebra, it successively establishes an endpoint theorem for the metric space of partially ordered groups and an endpoint theorem for the metric space of partially ordered modules. The contributions of this article extend the theory of cone metric space constructed by Huang and Zhang (2007) and some recent results on the fixed point and endpoint theory, such as the endpoint theorem given by Amini-Harandi (2010).展开更多
Recently Turaev generalized the notion of a tensor category to that of a crossed group category.In[5]the authors constructed the representation category Rep(H) of a T-coalgebra H.In[2]the authors introduced the notion...Recently Turaev generalized the notion of a tensor category to that of a crossed group category.In[5]the authors constructed the representation category Rep(H) of a T-coalgebra H.In[2]the authors introduced the notions of a weak tensor category to characterize a weak bialgebra and a weak Hopf algebra.This paper is based on these ideas to naturally introduce the notions of a weak T-category and a weak braided T-category which are not under the usual way and prove that the categories of representations of a weak T-coalgebra and a weak braided T-coalgebra are a weak T-category and a weak braided T-category respectively.Furthermore we also discuss some properties of weak T-category.展开更多
We introduce a non-standard quantum group Xq（Bn） of type Bn which is a Hopf algebra. Then we replace the group of grouplike elements of Xq（Bn）, and obtain a weak Hopf algebra wXq（Bn）. Finally, we describe the Ex...We introduce a non-standard quantum group Xq（Bn） of type Bn which is a Hopf algebra. Then we replace the group of grouplike elements of Xq（Bn）, and obtain a weak Hopf algebra wXq（Bn）. Finally, we describe the Ext-quiver of wXq（Bn） as a coalgebra.展开更多
A Riesz type product as Pn=nЛj=1（1＋awj＋bwj＋1）is studied, where a, b are two real numbers with ｜a｜ ＋ ｜b｜ 〈 1, and {wj} are indepen- dent random variables taking values in （-1, 1} with equal probability. Le...A Riesz type product as Pn=nЛj=1（1＋awj＋bwj＋1）is studied, where a, b are two real numbers with ｜a｜ ＋ ｜b｜ 〈 1, and {wj} are indepen- dent random variables taking values in （-1, 1} with equal probability. Let dw be the normalized Haar measure on the Cantor group Ω = （-1, 1}^N. The sequence of P,~dw 1 probability measures {Pndw/E（Pn） } is showed to converge weakly to a unique continuous measure on/2, and the obtained measure is singular with respect to dw.展开更多
The main aim of this paper is to explain why the Weinberg-Salam angle in the electro-weak gauge group satisfies . We study the gauge potentials of the electro-weak gauge group from our wave equation for electron + neu...The main aim of this paper is to explain why the Weinberg-Salam angle in the electro-weak gauge group satisfies . We study the gauge potentials of the electro-weak gauge group from our wave equation for electron + neutrino. These potentials are space-time vectors whose components are amongst the tensor densities without derivative built from the three chiral spinors of the wave. The ?gauge invariance allows us to identify the four potential space-time vectors of the electro-weak gauge to four of the nine possible vectors. One and only one of the nine derived bivector fields is the massless electromagnetic field. Putting back the four potentials linked to the spinor wave into the wave equation we get simplified equations. From the properties of the second-order wave equation we obtain the Weinberg-Salam angle. We discuss the implications of the simplified equations, obtained without second quantification, on mass, charge and gauge invariance. Chiral gauge, electric gauge and weak gauge are simply linked.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12171083,12071070)Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province and the Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX22_0231).
文摘To characterize m-weak group inverses,several algebraic methods are used,such as the use of idempotents,one-side principal ideals,and units.Consider an element a within a unitary ring that possesses Drazin invertibility and an involution.This paper begins by outlining the conditions necessary for the existence of the m-weak group inverse of a.Moreover,it explores the criteria under which a can be considered pseudo core invertible and weak group invertible.In the context of a weak proper*-ring,it is proved that a is weak group invertible if,and only if,a D can serve as the weak group inverse of au,where u represents a specially invertible element closely associated with a D.The paper also introduces a counterexample to illustrate that a D cannot universally serve as the pseudo core inverse of another element.This distinction underscores the nuanced differences between pseudo core inverses and weak group inverses.Ultimately,the discussion expands to include the commuting properties of weak group inverses,extending these considerations to m-weak group inverses.Several new conditions on commuting properties of generalized inverses are given.These results show that pseudo core inverses,weak group inverses,and m-weak group inverses are not only closely linked but also have significant differences that set them apart.
基金The first author was supported by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development,Republic of Serbia,Grant No.174007(451-03-68/2020-14/200124)The second author was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11901079,61672149,11601211)the Scientific and Technological Research Program Foundation of Jilin Province,China(Grant Nos.JJKH20190690KJ,20190201095JC,20200401085GX.)。
文摘We present the weighted weak group inverse,which is a new generalized inverse of operators between two Hilbert spaces,and we extend the notation of the weighted weak group inverse for rectangular matrices.Some characterizations and representations of the weighted weak group inverse are investigated.We also apply these results to define and study the weak group inverse for a Hilbert space operator.Using the weak group inverse,we define and characterize various binary relations.
基金Jiangsu Province(No.BK20161307 and“333”Talents Project for H.Hu)Huaiyin Normal University(No.JSKC18014)for their financial support。
文摘A rhodium-catalyzed directing group promoted selective C-H olefination reaction of indolizines at the 8-position is re ported.Di-olefination at 2,8-positions also achieved with silver hexafluoroantimonate as an additive under similar reaction conditions.Weakly coordinating groups,such as ketone,alde hyde,amide and ester,were used as directing groups.The ester group can be removed under acid conditions and therefore is used as a traceless directing group.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11121403,10935010 and 11074261the National 973 program under Grant Nos.2012CB922104 and 2014CB921403
文摘We theoretically explore the possibility of observing the quantum decoherence of neutrino oscillation due to the vacuum dispersion, that the wave-packet of neutrino spatially splits according to the different velocities of two mass eigenstates. We find that if this decoherence could be observed and the range of values of the mixing angle is known, then the superluminal neutrino phenomena could occur for some mixing angles as the consequence of a weak measurement about flavor mixing in the neutrino propagation. Our calculation gives the explicit dependence of group velocity shift to the decoherence factor and the weak value of neutrino's pre and post-selected states. We also study the related problems for the neutrino oscillation with three generations.
文摘On the basis of the quasi-isomorphism of finite groups, a new mapping, weak isomorphism, from a finite group to another finite group is defined. Let G and H be two finite groups and G be weak-isomorphic to H. Then G≌H if G satisfies one of the following conditions. 1） G is a finite Abelian group. 2） The order of G is p^3. 3 ） The order of G is p^n＋1 and G has a cyclic normal subgroup N = 〈a〉 of order p^n. 4） G is a nilpotent group and if p^││G│, then for any P ∈ Sylp （G）, P has a cyclic maximal subgroup, where p is a prime; 5） G is a maximal class group of order p4（p〉3）.
文摘The present work considers the endpoint in the abstract metric space. It firstly introduces the metric space of partially ordered groups and the metric space of partially ordered modules, respectively;and defines the convergence of sequences and the multi-valued weak contractions, etc., on the introduced space. And then, with the methods of functional analysis and abstract algebra, it successively establishes an endpoint theorem for the metric space of partially ordered groups and an endpoint theorem for the metric space of partially ordered modules. The contributions of this article extend the theory of cone metric space constructed by Huang and Zhang (2007) and some recent results on the fixed point and endpoint theory, such as the endpoint theorem given by Amini-Harandi (2010).
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2012AL02)
文摘Recently Turaev generalized the notion of a tensor category to that of a crossed group category.In[5]the authors constructed the representation category Rep(H) of a T-coalgebra H.In[2]the authors introduced the notions of a weak tensor category to characterize a weak bialgebra and a weak Hopf algebra.This paper is based on these ideas to naturally introduce the notions of a weak T-category and a weak braided T-category which are not under the usual way and prove that the categories of representations of a weak T-coalgebra and a weak braided T-coalgebra are a weak T-category and a weak braided T-category respectively.Furthermore we also discuss some properties of weak T-category.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11671024 11471186)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(Grant No.1162002)
文摘We introduce a non-standard quantum group Xq（Bn） of type Bn which is a Hopf algebra. Then we replace the group of grouplike elements of Xq（Bn）, and obtain a weak Hopf algebra wXq（Bn）. Finally, we describe the Ext-quiver of wXq（Bn） as a coalgebra.
文摘A Riesz type product as Pn=nЛj=1（1＋awj＋bwj＋1）is studied, where a, b are two real numbers with ｜a｜ ＋ ｜b｜ 〈 1, and {wj} are indepen- dent random variables taking values in （-1, 1} with equal probability. Let dw be the normalized Haar measure on the Cantor group Ω = （-1, 1}^N. The sequence of P,~dw 1 probability measures {Pndw/E（Pn） } is showed to converge weakly to a unique continuous measure on/2, and the obtained measure is singular with respect to dw.
文摘The main aim of this paper is to explain why the Weinberg-Salam angle in the electro-weak gauge group satisfies . We study the gauge potentials of the electro-weak gauge group from our wave equation for electron + neutrino. These potentials are space-time vectors whose components are amongst the tensor densities without derivative built from the three chiral spinors of the wave. The ?gauge invariance allows us to identify the four potential space-time vectors of the electro-weak gauge to four of the nine possible vectors. One and only one of the nine derived bivector fields is the massless electromagnetic field. Putting back the four potentials linked to the spinor wave into the wave equation we get simplified equations. From the properties of the second-order wave equation we obtain the Weinberg-Salam angle. We discuss the implications of the simplified equations, obtained without second quantification, on mass, charge and gauge invariance. Chiral gauge, electric gauge and weak gauge are simply linked.
