In this paper, we propose a well-designed network model with a parameter and study full and partial synchronization of the network model based on the stability analysis. The network model is composed of a star-coupled...In this paper, we propose a well-designed network model with a parameter and study full and partial synchronization of the network model based on the stability analysis. The network model is composed of a star-coupled subnetwork and a globally coupled subnetwork. By analyzing the special coupling configuration, three control schemes are obtained for synchronizing the network model. Further analysis indicates that even if the inner couplings in each subnetwork are very weak, two of the control schemes are still valid. In particular, if the outer coupling weight parameter 0 is larger than （n2 - 2n）/4, or the subnetwork size n is larger than 02, the two subnetworks with weak inner couplings can achieve synchronization. In addition, the synchronizability is independent of the network size in case of 0 〈 0 〈 n/（n ＋ 1 ）. Finally, we carry out some numerical simulations to confirm the validity of the obtained control schemes. It is worth noting that the main idea of this paper also applies to any network consisting of a dense subnetwork and a sparse network.展开更多
In this study, we propose an algorithm selection method based on coupling strength for the partitioned analysis ofstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling, which includes two types of coupling or inverse and direct pi...In this study, we propose an algorithm selection method based on coupling strength for the partitioned analysis ofstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling, which includes two types of coupling or inverse and direct piezoelectriccoupling and direct piezoelectric and circuit coupling. In the proposed method, implicit and explicit formulationsare used for strong and weak coupling, respectively. Three feasible partitioned algorithms are generated, namely(1) a strongly coupled algorithm that uses a fully implicit formulation for both types of coupling, (2) a weaklycoupled algorithm that uses a fully explicit formulation for both types of coupling, and (3) a partially stronglycoupled and partially weakly coupled algorithm that uses an implicit formulation and an explicit formulation forthe two types of coupling, respectively.Numerical examples using a piezoelectric energy harvester,which is a typicalstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling problem, demonstrate that the proposed method selects the most costeffectivealgorithm.展开更多
Quantum integrability provides a unique and powerful framework for accurately understanding quantum magnetism.In this review,we focus specifically on several quantum integrable low-dimensional quantum Ising models.We ...Quantum integrability provides a unique and powerful framework for accurately understanding quantum magnetism.In this review,we focus specifically on several quantum integrable low-dimensional quantum Ising models.We begin with the transverse field Ising chain(TFIC)at quantum critical point and examine how it evolves under perturbations,such as an applied longitudinal field or weak coupling to another quantum critical TFIC.展开更多
This paper demonstrates the importance of three-dimensional(3-D)piezoelectric coupling in the electromechanical behavior of piezoelectric devices using three-dimensional finite element analyses based on weak and stron...This paper demonstrates the importance of three-dimensional(3-D)piezoelectric coupling in the electromechanical behavior of piezoelectric devices using three-dimensional finite element analyses based on weak and strong coupling models for a thin cantilevered piezoelectric bimorph actuator.It is found that there is a significant difference between the strong and weak coupling solutions given by coupling direct and inverse piezoelectric effects(i.e.,piezoelectric coupling effect).In addition,there is significant longitudinal bending caused by the constraint of the inverse piezoelectric effect in the width direction at the fixed end(i.e.,3-D effect).Hence,modeling of these effects or 3-D piezoelectric coupling modeling is an electromechanical basis for the piezoelectric devices,which contributes to the accurate prediction of their behavior.展开更多
We study the entanglement evolution in a weakly coupled bipartite system with a large energy level difference under the influence of spin-star environments. The subsystems can be coupled to a pure state or a thermal e...We study the entanglement evolution in a weakly coupled bipartite system with a large energy level difference under the influence of spin-star environments. The subsystems can be coupled to a pure state or a thermal equilibrium state spin-star environment. Our results show that, in the case of the coupling strength being less than the energy level difference of the subsystems （weakly coupled）, the spin-star environment can always be used to assist the entanglement generation of the bipartite system.展开更多
Weak and strong coupling interactions and trapped effects have always played a significant role in understanding physical and chemical properties of materials. Triple-well anharmonic potential may be modeled for inter...Weak and strong coupling interactions and trapped effects have always played a significant role in understanding physical and chemical properties of materials. Triple-well anharmonic potential may be modeled for interpretation of energy spectra from the nuclear to macro molecular systems, and also crystalline systems. Exact periods of a trapped particle in each well of the potential are explicitly derived. For the extended Duffing system, it is predicted that infinite series of both frequency and spatial trajectory approach to exact results in the limit of weak-coupling cases (g→0).展开更多
The present work deals with an investigation of the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT under fluctuating wind. In contrast to the previous studies, the rotational speed of the turbine is not fixed, the ...The present work deals with an investigation of the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT under fluctuating wind. In contrast to the previous studies, the rotational speed of the turbine is not fixed, the rotation of the turbine is determined by the dynamic interaction between the fluctuating wind and turbine. A weak coupling method is developed to simulate the dynamic interaction between the fluctuating wind and passive rotation turbine, and the results show that if the fluctuating wind with appropriate fluctuation amplitude and frequency, the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT will be enhanced. It is also found that compared with the fluctuation amplitude, the fluctuation frequency of the variation in wind velocity is shown to have a minor effect on the performance of the turbine. The analysis will provide straightforward physical insight into the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT under fluctuating wind.展开更多
Exploring the mechanism of interfacial thermal transport and reducing the interfacial thermal resistance are of great importance for thermal management and modulation.Herein,the interfacial thermal resistance between ...Exploring the mechanism of interfacial thermal transport and reducing the interfacial thermal resistance are of great importance for thermal management and modulation.Herein,the interfacial thermal resistance between overlapped graphene nanoribbons is largely reduced by adding bonded carbon chains as shown by molecular dynamics simulations.And the analytical model(phonon weak couplings model,PWCM)is utilized to analyze and explain the two-dimensional thermal transport mechanism at the cross-interface.An order of magnitude reduction of the interfacial thermal resistance is found as the graphene nanoribbons are bonded by just one carbon chain.Interestingly,the decreasing rate of the interfacial thermal resistance slows down gradually with the increasing number of carbon chains,which can be explained by the proposed theoretical relationship based on analytical model.Moreover,by the comparison of PWCM and the traditional simplified model,the accuracy of PWCM is demonstrated in the overlapped graphene nanoribbons.This work provides a new way to improve the interfacial thermal transport and reveal the essential mechanism for low-dimensional materials applied in thermal management.展开更多
The problem of efficient gas lift for gas well annulus packers that rely on their own energy plungers is considered.The complex related gas-liquid problem is addressed in the frame of model where the gas inflow dynami...The problem of efficient gas lift for gas well annulus packers that rely on their own energy plungers is considered.The complex related gas-liquid problem is addressed in the frame of model where the gas inflow dynamics and liquid inflow dynamics of the considered shale gas wells are weakly coupled.On this basis,and with the aiding support of indoor simulation experimental data,a new gas plunger lift design taking into account liquid leakage is obtained.Finally,a dedicated software relying on this approach is developed and used to verify the reliability of the model by means of field examples.展开更多
We establish the existence of positive periodic solutions of the second-order singular coupled systems{x′′＋ p_1（t）x′＋ q_1（t）x = f_1（t, y（t）） ＋ c_1（t）,y′′＋ p_2（t）y′＋ q_2（t）y = f_2（t, x（t）） ...We establish the existence of positive periodic solutions of the second-order singular coupled systems{x′′＋ p_1（t）x′＋ q_1（t）x = f_1（t, y（t）） ＋ c_1（t）,y′′＋ p_2（t）y′＋ q_2（t）y = f_2（t, x（t）） ＋ c_2（t）,where pi, qi, ci ∈ C（R/T Z; R）, i = 1, 2; f_1, f_2 ∈ C（R/T Z ×（0, ∞）, R） and may be singular near the zero. The proof relies on Schauder＇s fixed point theorem and anti-maximum principle.Our main results generalize and improve those available in the literature.展开更多
Mode-localized sensors have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional sensitivity and inherent ability to reject common-mode noise.This high sensitivity arises from the substantial shifts in resonator a...Mode-localized sensors have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional sensitivity and inherent ability to reject common-mode noise.This high sensitivity arises from the substantial shifts in resonator amplitudes induced by energy confinement in weakly coupled resonators.Despite their promising attributes,there has been limited research on the mechanisms of energy confinement.This paper presents both qualitative and quantitative analyses of energy confinement within weakly coupled resonators and concludes them as the concept of modal dominance.This concept elucidates that mode frequencies are predominantly dictated by the natural frequencies of the internal resonators,facilitating spatial energy confinement.Based on this modal dominance,a novel concept of virtually coupled resonators is proposed,which obviates the need for physical coupling structures.Instead,energy confinement is achieved through a frequency offset between two independent resonators,resulting in a similar amplitude ratio output and enhanced sensitivity.To further enhance performance,a double-closed-loop control scheme is developed for virtually coupled resonators,expanding the bandwidth in comparison to weakly coupled resonators.Experimental results validate the feasibility of virtually coupled resonators and the double-closed-loop control,demonstrating a 2.7-fold improvement in amplitude ratio sensitivity and at least a four-fold enhancement in bandwidth relative to weakly coupled resonators with identical parameters.展开更多
Wide-range vacuum sensors(0.1–10^(5) Pa)are crucial for a variety of applications,particularly in semiconductor equipment.However,existing sensors often face a trade-off between measurement range and accuracy,with so...Wide-range vacuum sensors(0.1–10^(5) Pa)are crucial for a variety of applications,particularly in semiconductor equipment.However,existing sensors often face a trade-off between measurement range and accuracy,with some offering a wide range at the expense of low accuracy,and others providing high accuracy within a limited range.This restricts their applicability in advanced technologies.The primary challenge lies in the sensitivity constraints at medium vacuum,the accuracy limitations at low vacuum,and the dependence of gas types.In this study,a new paradigm of high-performance wide-range MEMS diaphragm-based vacuum sensor is proposed,which is inherently small volume and independent of gas types.The sensor measures the vacuum pressure based on a two degree of freedom weak-coupling resonator,which operates in two distinct modes.In the range from 0.3 Pa to 10^(3) Pa,it works in mode-localized mode,where amplitude ratio serves as the output to enhance sensitivity and resolution.For pressure ranging from 10^(3) Pa to 10^(5) Pa,it works in traditional resonance mode,with frequency serving as the output to achieve high accuracy.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed sensor outperforms conventional vacuum sensors.展开更多
The mode localization phenomenon of disordered weakly coupled resonators(WCRs)is being used as a novel transduction scheme to further enhance the sensitivity of micromechanical resonant sensors.In this paper,two novel...The mode localization phenomenon of disordered weakly coupled resonators(WCRs)is being used as a novel transduction scheme to further enhance the sensitivity of micromechanical resonant sensors.In this paper,two novel characteristics of mode localization are described.First,we found that the anti-resonance loci behave as a linear function of the stiffness perturbation.The antiresonance behavior can be regarded as a new manifestation of mode localization in the frequency domain,and mode localization occurs at a deeper level as the anti-resonance approaches closer to the resonance.The anti-resonance loci can be used to identify the symmetry of the WCRs and the locations of the perturbation.Second,by comparing the forced localization responses of the WCRs under both the single-resonator-driven(SRD)scheme and the double-resonator-driven(DRD)scheme,we demonstrated that the DRD scheme extends the linear measurement scale while sacrificing a certain amount of sensitivity.We also demonstrated experimentally that the amplitude ratio-based sensitivity under the DRD scheme is approximately an order of magnitude lower than that under the SRD scheme,that is,the amplitude ratio-based sensitivity is−70.44%(Nm^(−1))^(−1) under the DRD scheme,while it is−785.6%(Nm^(−)1)^(−1) under the SRD scheme.These characteristics of mode localization are valuable for the design and control of WCR-based sensors.展开更多
We introduce a new Euler-type scheme and its iterative algorithm for solving weakly coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations （FBSDEs）. Although the schemes share some common features with the ones ...We introduce a new Euler-type scheme and its iterative algorithm for solving weakly coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations （FBSDEs）. Although the schemes share some common features with the ones proposed by C. Bender and J. Zhang [Ann. Appl. Probab., 2008, 18： 143-177], less computational work is needed for our method. For both our schemes and the ones proposed by Bender and Zhang, we rigorously obtain first-order error estimates, which improve the half-order error estimates of Bender and Zhang. Moreover, numerical tests are given to demonstrate the first-order accuracy of the schemes.展开更多
The responses of the flow-induced vibration of an elastic tube bundle subjected to the shell-side cross flow are investigated in this paper. The weak coupling method and the fluid solid interface are used to solve the...The responses of the flow-induced vibration of an elastic tube bundle subjected to the shell-side cross flow are investigated in this paper. The weak coupling method and the fluid solid interface are used to solve the fluid-structure interaction problem with consideration of the geometry and physical natures. The effects of the shell-side fluid flow velocity and the structural parameters on the flow-induced vibration are discussed. Numerical results demonstrate that the vibration frequency and amplitude at the monitor points increase with the increase of the shell-side water inlet velocity in all directions. The wall thickness and the external diameter of the elastic tube bundle have significant effects on the responses of the flow-induced vibration. The structural parameters affect the vibration frequency and amplitude, and the vibration equilibrium position in the water flow direction. The vibration frequency decreases with the increase of the tube external diameter. In addition, the vibration in the water flow direction has a lower equilibrium position when the elastic tube bundle has a larger wall thickness or smaller external diameter.展开更多
The demand for highly sensitive and accurate sensors has grown significantly,particularly in the field of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems technology.Mode-localized sensors based on weakly coupled resonators have garn...The demand for highly sensitive and accurate sensors has grown significantly,particularly in the field of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems technology.Mode-localized sensors based on weakly coupled resonators have garnered attention for their high sensitivity through amplitude ratio outputs.However,when measuring multiple signals by weakly coupled resonators,different signals can interfere with each other,causing high cross-sensitivity.This cross-sensitivity greatly complicates signal separation and makes accurate measurement extremely difficult,impacting system performance.To address this issue,the study proposes an innovative constant-drive technique of weakly coupled resonators.This technique significantly reduces crosstalk between signals while maintaining high sensitivity of amplitude ratio output.The method is theoretically validated by analyzing amplitude ratios under signal perturbations in non-damped conditions,demonstrating perfect elimination of cross-interference.Finite element analysis under damping conditions further validated the constant-drive technique,showing a cross-sensitivity of 0.054%,nearly three orders of magnitude lower than that of mode-localized sensors.Experimental validation confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technique,with the cross-sensitivity of the mode-localized method measured at 26.3%and 28.7%,respectively,while the constant-frequency drive achieved significantly lower values of 3.1%and 1.1%.This demonstrates a successful reduction in cross-sensitivity by an order of magnitude,meeting the performance requirements for typical MEMS biaxial sensor applications.This method is highly significant for mode-localized sensors,offering potential for developing multi-signal measurement devices like multi-axis accelerometers,force sensor,electric field sensor and mass sensor.展开更多
The recently proposed numerical algorithm,deep BSDE method,has shown remarkable performance in solving high-dimensional forward-backward stochastic differential equations(FBSDEs)and parabolic partial differential equa...The recently proposed numerical algorithm,deep BSDE method,has shown remarkable performance in solving high-dimensional forward-backward stochastic differential equations(FBSDEs)and parabolic partial differential equations(PDEs).This article lays a theoretical foundation for the deep BSDE method in the general case of coupled FBSDEs.In particular,a posteriori error estimation of the solution is provided and it is proved that the error converges to zero given the universal approximation capability of neural networks.Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the analyzed algorithm in solving high-dimensional coupled FBSDEs.展开更多
Strong DC coupling with weak AC and large-scale renewable energy integration are the two significant characteristics of ultra-high-voltage AC/DC(UHVAC/DC)hybrid power grids in China.Strong coupling between AC and DC g...Strong DC coupling with weak AC and large-scale renewable energy integration are the two significant characteristics of ultra-high-voltage AC/DC(UHVAC/DC)hybrid power grids in China.Strong coupling between AC and DC grids and the different integration performance of renewable energy sources have profoundly changed the stability characteristics of the power system.The traditional stability control system is inadequate for the stability control of UHVAC/DC power grids.This paper analyzes the requirements for constructing an integrated defense system in a UHVAC/DC hybrid power grid(i.e.power system protection).The definition,connotation,and designing principles of power system protection are put forward.The relationship between the power system protection and the traditional three-defense lines is investigated.The design principles,general hardware structure and main functions of a power system protection are presented.Key problems and technologies are specified in the construction of the power system protection.展开更多
The measurement of parity-violating （PV） observables in few-nucleon system can shed light on our current understanding of the weak interaction between nucleons.Theoretical models describe the nucleonnucleon weak int...The measurement of parity-violating （PV） observables in few-nucleon system can shed light on our current understanding of the weak interaction between nucleons.Theoretical models describe the nucleonnucleon weak interaction at low energies use a series of undetermined parameters.Two parity violating measurements have been considered： the capture of polarized slow neutrons on hydrogen （n ＋ p → d ＋ γ） at Los Alamos National Laboratory for first phase and Oka Ridge National Laboratory for second phase and the helicity dependence of the deuteron photodisintegration cross section using circularly polarized photons （γ ＋ d → n ＋ p） at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics.The goal of both experiments is to constraint the weak meson-nucleon couplings to a precision of 1 ×10^-8 .The introduction of both experiments is presented.展开更多
For reversible systems of infinite dimension we prove an infinitely dimensional KAM theorem with an application to the network of weakly coupled oscillators of friction. The KAM theorem shows that there are many invar...For reversible systems of infinite dimension we prove an infinitely dimensional KAM theorem with an application to the network of weakly coupled oscillators of friction. The KAM theorem shows that there are many invariant tori of infinite dimension, and thus many almost periodic solutions, for the reversible systems.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11162004,10972011,and 11001069)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant Nos.LQ12A01003 and LQ12A01002)the Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China(Grant No.2013GXNS-FAA019006)
文摘In this paper, we propose a well-designed network model with a parameter and study full and partial synchronization of the network model based on the stability analysis. The network model is composed of a star-coupled subnetwork and a globally coupled subnetwork. By analyzing the special coupling configuration, three control schemes are obtained for synchronizing the network model. Further analysis indicates that even if the inner couplings in each subnetwork are very weak, two of the control schemes are still valid. In particular, if the outer coupling weight parameter 0 is larger than （n2 - 2n）/4, or the subnetwork size n is larger than 02, the two subnetworks with weak inner couplings can achieve synchronization. In addition, the synchronizability is independent of the network size in case of 0 〈 0 〈 n/（n ＋ 1 ）. Finally, we carry out some numerical simulations to confirm the validity of the obtained control schemes. It is worth noting that the main idea of this paper also applies to any network consisting of a dense subnetwork and a sparse network.
基金the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science,KAKENHI Grant Nos.20H04199 and 23H00475.
文摘In this study, we propose an algorithm selection method based on coupling strength for the partitioned analysis ofstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling, which includes two types of coupling or inverse and direct piezoelectriccoupling and direct piezoelectric and circuit coupling. In the proposed method, implicit and explicit formulationsare used for strong and weak coupling, respectively. Three feasible partitioned algorithms are generated, namely(1) a strongly coupled algorithm that uses a fully implicit formulation for both types of coupling, (2) a weaklycoupled algorithm that uses a fully explicit formulation for both types of coupling, and (3) a partially stronglycoupled and partially weakly coupled algorithm that uses an implicit formulation and an explicit formulation forthe two types of coupling, respectively.Numerical examples using a piezoelectric energy harvester,which is a typicalstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling problem, demonstrate that the proposed method selects the most costeffectivealgorithm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant Nos.12450004,12274288the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology Grant No.2021ZD0301900。
文摘Quantum integrability provides a unique and powerful framework for accurately understanding quantum magnetism.In this review,we focus specifically on several quantum integrable low-dimensional quantum Ising models.We begin with the transverse field Ising chain(TFIC)at quantum critical point and examine how it evolves under perturbations,such as an applied longitudinal field or weak coupling to another quantum critical TFIC.
基金supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science under KAKENHI Grant Nos.19F19379 and 20H04199。
文摘This paper demonstrates the importance of three-dimensional(3-D)piezoelectric coupling in the electromechanical behavior of piezoelectric devices using three-dimensional finite element analyses based on weak and strong coupling models for a thin cantilevered piezoelectric bimorph actuator.It is found that there is a significant difference between the strong and weak coupling solutions given by coupling direct and inverse piezoelectric effects(i.e.,piezoelectric coupling effect).In addition,there is significant longitudinal bending caused by the constraint of the inverse piezoelectric effect in the width direction at the fixed end(i.e.,3-D effect).Hence,modeling of these effects or 3-D piezoelectric coupling modeling is an electromechanical basis for the piezoelectric devices,which contributes to the accurate prediction of their behavior.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10905007 and 61078011)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.DUT12LK28)
文摘We study the entanglement evolution in a weakly coupled bipartite system with a large energy level difference under the influence of spin-star environments. The subsystems can be coupled to a pure state or a thermal equilibrium state spin-star environment. Our results show that, in the case of the coupling strength being less than the energy level difference of the subsystems （weakly coupled）, the spin-star environment can always be used to assist the entanglement generation of the bipartite system.
文摘Weak and strong coupling interactions and trapped effects have always played a significant role in understanding physical and chemical properties of materials. Triple-well anharmonic potential may be modeled for interpretation of energy spectra from the nuclear to macro molecular systems, and also crystalline systems. Exact periods of a trapped particle in each well of the potential are explicitly derived. For the extended Duffing system, it is predicted that infinite series of both frequency and spatial trajectory approach to exact results in the limit of weak-coupling cases (g→0).
基金Projects(61105086,51505347)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The present work deals with an investigation of the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT under fluctuating wind. In contrast to the previous studies, the rotational speed of the turbine is not fixed, the rotation of the turbine is determined by the dynamic interaction between the fluctuating wind and turbine. A weak coupling method is developed to simulate the dynamic interaction between the fluctuating wind and passive rotation turbine, and the results show that if the fluctuating wind with appropriate fluctuation amplitude and frequency, the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT will be enhanced. It is also found that compared with the fluctuation amplitude, the fluctuation frequency of the variation in wind velocity is shown to have a minor effect on the performance of the turbine. The analysis will provide straightforward physical insight into the self-starting aerodynamic characteristics of VAWT under fluctuating wind.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51606072)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,HUST,China(Grant No.2019kfyRCPY045)。
文摘Exploring the mechanism of interfacial thermal transport and reducing the interfacial thermal resistance are of great importance for thermal management and modulation.Herein,the interfacial thermal resistance between overlapped graphene nanoribbons is largely reduced by adding bonded carbon chains as shown by molecular dynamics simulations.And the analytical model(phonon weak couplings model,PWCM)is utilized to analyze and explain the two-dimensional thermal transport mechanism at the cross-interface.An order of magnitude reduction of the interfacial thermal resistance is found as the graphene nanoribbons are bonded by just one carbon chain.Interestingly,the decreasing rate of the interfacial thermal resistance slows down gradually with the increasing number of carbon chains,which can be explained by the proposed theoretical relationship based on analytical model.Moreover,by the comparison of PWCM and the traditional simplified model,the accuracy of PWCM is demonstrated in the overlapped graphene nanoribbons.This work provides a new way to improve the interfacial thermal transport and reveal the essential mechanism for low-dimensional materials applied in thermal management.
基金The authors would also like to acknowledge the support provided by the National Natural Science Fund Project(62173049)Major National Projects(2016ZX05056004-002).
文摘The problem of efficient gas lift for gas well annulus packers that rely on their own energy plungers is considered.The complex related gas-liquid problem is addressed in the frame of model where the gas inflow dynamics and liquid inflow dynamics of the considered shale gas wells are weakly coupled.On this basis,and with the aiding support of indoor simulation experimental data,a new gas plunger lift design taking into account liquid leakage is obtained.Finally,a dedicated software relying on this approach is developed and used to verify the reliability of the model by means of field examples.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Funds for the Ningxia Universities(Grant No.NGY2015141)
文摘We establish the existence of positive periodic solutions of the second-order singular coupled systems{x′′＋ p_1（t）x′＋ q_1（t）x = f_1（t, y（t）） ＋ c_1（t）,y′′＋ p_2（t）y′＋ q_2（t）y = f_2（t, x（t）） ＋ c_2（t）,where pi, qi, ci ∈ C（R/T Z; R）, i = 1, 2; f_1, f_2 ∈ C（R/T Z ×（0, ∞）, R） and may be singular near the zero. The proof relies on Schauder＇s fixed point theorem and anti-maximum principle.Our main results generalize and improve those available in the literature.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.52435012 and No.52475606)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3208800)+2 种基金Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2024RS-CXTD-7)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2024GX-YBXM-193)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Mode-localized sensors have attracted significant attention due to their exceptional sensitivity and inherent ability to reject common-mode noise.This high sensitivity arises from the substantial shifts in resonator amplitudes induced by energy confinement in weakly coupled resonators.Despite their promising attributes,there has been limited research on the mechanisms of energy confinement.This paper presents both qualitative and quantitative analyses of energy confinement within weakly coupled resonators and concludes them as the concept of modal dominance.This concept elucidates that mode frequencies are predominantly dictated by the natural frequencies of the internal resonators,facilitating spatial energy confinement.Based on this modal dominance,a novel concept of virtually coupled resonators is proposed,which obviates the need for physical coupling structures.Instead,energy confinement is achieved through a frequency offset between two independent resonators,resulting in a similar amplitude ratio output and enhanced sensitivity.To further enhance performance,a double-closed-loop control scheme is developed for virtually coupled resonators,expanding the bandwidth in comparison to weakly coupled resonators.Experimental results validate the feasibility of virtually coupled resonators and the double-closed-loop control,demonstrating a 2.7-fold improvement in amplitude ratio sensitivity and at least a four-fold enhancement in bandwidth relative to weakly coupled resonators with identical parameters.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2023YFC2410600in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62301536 and Grant 62121003+2 种基金in part by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS Grant 2023134 and Grant 2022121in part by the Instrument Research and Development of CAS under Grant PTYQ2024BJ0009in part by Science and Technology Program of Shandong Province under Grant 2023TSGC0211.
文摘Wide-range vacuum sensors(0.1–10^(5) Pa)are crucial for a variety of applications,particularly in semiconductor equipment.However,existing sensors often face a trade-off between measurement range and accuracy,with some offering a wide range at the expense of low accuracy,and others providing high accuracy within a limited range.This restricts their applicability in advanced technologies.The primary challenge lies in the sensitivity constraints at medium vacuum,the accuracy limitations at low vacuum,and the dependence of gas types.In this study,a new paradigm of high-performance wide-range MEMS diaphragm-based vacuum sensor is proposed,which is inherently small volume and independent of gas types.The sensor measures the vacuum pressure based on a two degree of freedom weak-coupling resonator,which operates in two distinct modes.In the range from 0.3 Pa to 10^(3) Pa,it works in mode-localized mode,where amplitude ratio serves as the output to enhance sensitivity and resolution.For pressure ranging from 10^(3) Pa to 10^(5) Pa,it works in traditional resonance mode,with frequency serving as the output to achieve high accuracy.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed sensor outperforms conventional vacuum sensors.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51575454.
文摘The mode localization phenomenon of disordered weakly coupled resonators(WCRs)is being used as a novel transduction scheme to further enhance the sensitivity of micromechanical resonant sensors.In this paper,two novel characteristics of mode localization are described.First,we found that the anti-resonance loci behave as a linear function of the stiffness perturbation.The antiresonance behavior can be regarded as a new manifestation of mode localization in the frequency domain,and mode localization occurs at a deeper level as the anti-resonance approaches closer to the resonance.The anti-resonance loci can be used to identify the symmetry of the WCRs and the locations of the perturbation.Second,by comparing the forced localization responses of the WCRs under both the single-resonator-driven(SRD)scheme and the double-resonator-driven(DRD)scheme,we demonstrated that the DRD scheme extends the linear measurement scale while sacrificing a certain amount of sensitivity.We also demonstrated experimentally that the amplitude ratio-based sensitivity under the DRD scheme is approximately an order of magnitude lower than that under the SRD scheme,that is,the amplitude ratio-based sensitivity is−70.44%(Nm^(−1))^(−1) under the DRD scheme,while it is−785.6%(Nm^(−)1)^(−1) under the SRD scheme.These characteristics of mode localization are valuable for the design and control of WCR-based sensors.
基金Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank the referees for the valuable comments, which improved the paper a lot. This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China （Grant Nos. 91130003, 11171189） and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province （No. ZR2011AZ002）.
文摘We introduce a new Euler-type scheme and its iterative algorithm for solving weakly coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations （FBSDEs）. Although the schemes share some common features with the ones proposed by C. Bender and J. Zhang [Ann. Appl. Probab., 2008, 18： 143-177], less computational work is needed for our method. For both our schemes and the ones proposed by Bender and Zhang, we rigorously obtain first-order error estimates, which improve the half-order error estimates of Bender and Zhang. Moreover, numerical tests are given to demonstrate the first-order accuracy of the schemes.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51475268)
文摘The responses of the flow-induced vibration of an elastic tube bundle subjected to the shell-side cross flow are investigated in this paper. The weak coupling method and the fluid solid interface are used to solve the fluid-structure interaction problem with consideration of the geometry and physical natures. The effects of the shell-side fluid flow velocity and the structural parameters on the flow-induced vibration are discussed. Numerical results demonstrate that the vibration frequency and amplitude at the monitor points increase with the increase of the shell-side water inlet velocity in all directions. The wall thickness and the external diameter of the elastic tube bundle have significant effects on the responses of the flow-induced vibration. The structural parameters affect the vibration frequency and amplitude, and the vibration equilibrium position in the water flow direction. The vibration frequency decreases with the increase of the tube external diameter. In addition, the vibration in the water flow direction has a lower equilibrium position when the elastic tube bundle has a larger wall thickness or smaller external diameter.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(No.52435012 and No.52475606)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3208800)+1 种基金Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(No.2024RS-CXTD-7)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The demand for highly sensitive and accurate sensors has grown significantly,particularly in the field of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems technology.Mode-localized sensors based on weakly coupled resonators have garnered attention for their high sensitivity through amplitude ratio outputs.However,when measuring multiple signals by weakly coupled resonators,different signals can interfere with each other,causing high cross-sensitivity.This cross-sensitivity greatly complicates signal separation and makes accurate measurement extremely difficult,impacting system performance.To address this issue,the study proposes an innovative constant-drive technique of weakly coupled resonators.This technique significantly reduces crosstalk between signals while maintaining high sensitivity of amplitude ratio output.The method is theoretically validated by analyzing amplitude ratios under signal perturbations in non-damped conditions,demonstrating perfect elimination of cross-interference.Finite element analysis under damping conditions further validated the constant-drive technique,showing a cross-sensitivity of 0.054%,nearly three orders of magnitude lower than that of mode-localized sensors.Experimental validation confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technique,with the cross-sensitivity of the mode-localized method measured at 26.3%and 28.7%,respectively,while the constant-frequency drive achieved significantly lower values of 3.1%and 1.1%.This demonstrates a successful reduction in cross-sensitivity by an order of magnitude,meeting the performance requirements for typical MEMS biaxial sensor applications.This method is highly significant for mode-localized sensors,offering potential for developing multi-signal measurement devices like multi-axis accelerometers,force sensor,electric field sensor and mass sensor.
文摘The recently proposed numerical algorithm,deep BSDE method,has shown remarkable performance in solving high-dimensional forward-backward stochastic differential equations(FBSDEs)and parabolic partial differential equations(PDEs).This article lays a theoretical foundation for the deep BSDE method in the general case of coupled FBSDEs.In particular,a posteriori error estimation of the solution is provided and it is proved that the error converges to zero given the universal approximation capability of neural networks.Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the analyzed algorithm in solving high-dimensional coupled FBSDEs.
文摘Strong DC coupling with weak AC and large-scale renewable energy integration are the two significant characteristics of ultra-high-voltage AC/DC(UHVAC/DC)hybrid power grids in China.Strong coupling between AC and DC grids and the different integration performance of renewable energy sources have profoundly changed the stability characteristics of the power system.The traditional stability control system is inadequate for the stability control of UHVAC/DC power grids.This paper analyzes the requirements for constructing an integrated defense system in a UHVAC/DC hybrid power grid(i.e.power system protection).The definition,connotation,and designing principles of power system protection are put forward.The relationship between the power system protection and the traditional three-defense lines is investigated.The design principles,general hardware structure and main functions of a power system protection are presented.Key problems and technologies are specified in the construction of the power system protection.
基金Supported by One Hundred Person Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (26010701)Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX2-SW-N13)+1 种基金Pujiang Talent Project of the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee (06PJ14114)National Natural Science Foundation of China (10675156)
文摘The measurement of parity-violating （PV） observables in few-nucleon system can shed light on our current understanding of the weak interaction between nucleons.Theoretical models describe the nucleonnucleon weak interaction at low energies use a series of undetermined parameters.Two parity violating measurements have been considered： the capture of polarized slow neutrons on hydrogen （n ＋ p → d ＋ γ） at Los Alamos National Laboratory for first phase and Oka Ridge National Laboratory for second phase and the helicity dependence of the deuteron photodisintegration cross section using circularly polarized photons （γ ＋ d → n ＋ p） at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics.The goal of both experiments is to constraint the weak meson-nucleon couplings to a precision of 1 ×10^-8 .The introduction of both experiments is presented.
基金Supported by NNSFC and NCET-04-0365in part by STCSM-06ZR14014
文摘For reversible systems of infinite dimension we prove an infinitely dimensional KAM theorem with an application to the network of weakly coupled oscillators of friction. The KAM theorem shows that there are many invariant tori of infinite dimension, and thus many almost periodic solutions, for the reversible systems.
