Weak measurement offers a powerful framework for probing nonclassical features of quantum mechanics,with anomalous weak values serving as operational signatures of contextuality.While the anomalous weak value verifica...Weak measurement offers a powerful framework for probing nonclassical features of quantum mechanics,with anomalous weak values serving as operational signatures of contextuality.While the anomalous weak value verification of quantum contextuality has been predominantly investigated in the single-photon regime and analyzed under approximation condition of infinitesimally small perturbation strength.This study releases the approximation condition and takes into account the impact of perturbation strength on the rigor of the verification.And the investigation on the verification of contextuality is extended to the multi-photon scenarios for observing the influence of the correlation between photons on the verification.Without the limitation of infinitesimally small probability of disturbance,anomalous weak values are identified as necessary for contextuality to emerge,thereby refining the criterion proposed by Pusey[Phys.Rev.Lett.113200401(2014)].In the multi-photon scenarios,the emergence of contextuality also depends strongly on both the photon number and the photon-number distribution state.In particular,contextuality is found to be maximized when the single-photon component dominates and the second-order correlation is lower.These results highlight the critical role of photon statistics in experimental tests of contextuality via anomalous weak values.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses...In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses,some properties and some equivalent characterizations of G_(C)-X-injective modules are investigated,and we also show that the triple(■,cores■,■)is a weak co-AB-context.As an application,two complete cotorsion pairs and a new model structure in Mod S are given.展开更多
This paper deals with Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations with weak monotonicity coefficients.We first establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic diff...This paper deals with Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations with weak monotonicity coefficients.We first establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations.Then we obtain a comparison theorem in one-dimensional situation.展开更多
The 6D pose estimation of objects is of great significance for the intelligent assembly and sorting of industrial parts.In the industrial robot production scenarios,the 6D pose estimation of industrial parts mainly fa...The 6D pose estimation of objects is of great significance for the intelligent assembly and sorting of industrial parts.In the industrial robot production scenarios,the 6D pose estimation of industrial parts mainly faces two challenges:one is the loss of information and interference caused by occlusion and stacking in the sorting scenario,the other is the difficulty of feature extraction due to the weak texture of industrial parts.To address the above problems,this paper proposes an attention-based pixel-level voting network for 6D pose estimation of weakly textured industrial parts,namely CB-PVNet.On the one hand,the voting scheme can predict the keypoints of affected pixels,which improves the accuracy of keypoint localization even in scenarios such as weak texture and partial occlusion.On the other hand,the attention mechanism can extract interesting features of the object while suppressing useless features of surroundings.Extensive comparative experiments were conducted on both public datasets(including LINEMOD,Occlusion LINEMOD and T-LESS datasets)and self-made datasets.The experimental results indicate that the proposed network CB-PVNet can achieve accuracy of ADD(-s)comparable to state-of-the-art using only RGB images while ensuring real-time performance.Additionally,we also conducted robot grasping experiments in the real world.The balance between accuracy and computational efficiency makes the method well-suited for applications in industrial automation.展开更多
Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in modern lightweight structures due to their high strengthto-weight ratio and design flexibility.However,the reliable non-destructive evaluation of bond integrity remains a si...Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in modern lightweight structures due to their high strengthto-weight ratio and design flexibility.However,the reliable non-destructive evaluation of bond integrity remains a significant challenge.This study presents a numerical investigation of adhesively bonded joints with different adhesive properties using ultrasonic guided waves.The main focus of the investigation is to evaluate the feasibility of using guided waves to assess bond integrity,particularly for detecting challenging weak bonds.For this purpose,a theoretical analysis of dispersion curves was conducted,revealing that the S0 Lamb wave mode is significantly sensitive to variations in adhesive properties in the 300-700 kHz frequency range.Finite element modelling was used to analyse the propagation of guided waves in two scenarios:an adhesively bonded aluminum structure and a more complex configuration-adhesively bonded lap joints.The Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT)was used to process the obtained results and determine the group velocities of guided waves.By analysing the group velocity characteristics,their dependence on the adhesive properties was identified.In the first scenario,a clear separation of S0 modes from A0 modes was observed in the STFT analysis,with a decrease in group velocity as adhesive stiffness increased.For the more complex lap joint scenario,the separation between A0 and S0 modes was less distinct.However,the analysis of the average group velocity shows a dependence of average group velocity on adhesive properties.This is similar to the first scenario.There is a decrease in average group velocity as adhesive stiffness increases.The results obtained demonstrate that guided wavebased methods have a high potential for non-destructive evaluation of adhesively bonded structures,including the detection of weak bonds.展开更多
Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation(WSSS),which relies only on image-level labels,has attracted significant attention for its cost-effectiveness and scalability.Existing methods mainly enhance inter-class distinct...Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation(WSSS),which relies only on image-level labels,has attracted significant attention for its cost-effectiveness and scalability.Existing methods mainly enhance inter-class distinctions and employ data augmentation to mitigate semantic ambiguity and reduce spurious activations.However,they often neglect the complex contextual dependencies among image patches,resulting in incomplete local representations and limited segmentation accuracy.To address these issues,we propose the Context Patch Fusion with Class Token Enhancement(CPF-CTE)framework,which exploits contextual relations among patches to enrich feature repre-sentations and improve segmentation.At its core,the Contextual-Fusion Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(CF-BiLSTM)module captures spatial dependencies between patches and enables bidirectional information flow,yield-ing a more comprehensive understanding of spatial correlations.This strengthens feature learning and segmentation robustness.Moreover,we introduce learnable class tokens that dynamically encode and refine class-specific semantics,enhancing discriminative capability.By effectively integrating spatial and semantic cues,CPF-CTE produces richer and more accurate representations of image content.Extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2012 and MS COCO 2014 validate that CPF-CTE consistently surpasses prior WSSS methods.展开更多
The weak and broken roof,explosive control and other problems seriously restrict the promotion of non coal pillar self-forming roadway technology.In order to solve such problems,a new method of non coal pillar self-fo...The weak and broken roof,explosive control and other problems seriously restrict the promotion of non coal pillar self-forming roadway technology.In order to solve such problems,a new method of non coal pillar self-forming roadway through non-blasting roof cutting and pressure relief was proposed in this study.A systematic research system of"theoretical analysis-physical experiment-engineering verification"was constructed with the 9103 working face of Longmenta Coal Mine as the research object.Firstly,the theoretical analysis was conducted to reveal the roof cutting mechanics mechanism of rock mass weakened by dense drilling,establish the design criteria for key drilling parameters,and obtain the key design parameters of dense drilling in the test working face.Secondly,the physical model test was conducted to make clear that the dense drilling method can directionally cut off the goaf roof along the set position,reducing the stress and deformation of the roadway surrounding rock.Finally,the field engineering tests were conducted,and monitoring results showed that the pressure relief effect of the dense drilling method was comparable to that of the directional blasting method,achieving non coal pillar self-forming roadway mining under non blasting conditions.展开更多
The deep tunnels are prone to mud and water inrush disasters when crossing water-rich weak zones.A good understanding the hydromechanical behavior of the water-rich weak zone in deep tunnels is the prerequisite for de...The deep tunnels are prone to mud and water inrush disasters when crossing water-rich weak zones.A good understanding the hydromechanical behavior of the water-rich weak zone in deep tunnels is the prerequisite for determining the limit support pressure on the tunnel face.However,the seepage forces within the water-rich weak zone are not well estimated in existing models.To overcome this,an analytical model is proposed in this study to determine the limit support pressure of a deep tunnel crossing the water-rich weak zone.The seepage force in the water-rich weak zone is obtained by solving a group of Laplace equations about the hydraulic head,avoiding complex physical and mathematical approximation in existing models.Besides,the seepage boundary conditions in the water-rich weak zone are considered at the nodes on the Neumann boundary and the Dirichlet boundary.The effectiveness of the proposed model is then validated by numerical simulations and engineering practice.It shows that the proposed model has higher accuracy and wider applicability in estimating the hydraulic head.The proposed model can be used for stability analysis of tunnel faces.展开更多
Weakly solvating electrolytes(WSEs)promote the formation of anion-driven solid electrolyte interphases(SEI),enabling stable lithium metal batteries.However,current strategies involving alkylated modification,steric hi...Weakly solvating electrolytes(WSEs)promote the formation of anion-driven solid electrolyte interphases(SEI),enabling stable lithium metal batteries.However,current strategies involving alkylated modification,steric hindrance incorporation,coordinated oxygen(O)regulation,and selective fluorination face poor-diversity interfacial chemistry,high cost,or environmental concerns.Here,we propose a heteroatom-substitution strategy to design a WSE composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)and 1,4-oxathiane(OTA)as a single solvent.Substituting oxygen with sulfur in conventional 1,4-dioxane(1,4-DX)generates OTA with a modulated dipole and charge distribution,weakening Li^(+)-OTA coordination while promoting anion-involved solvation sheath.This unique solvation structure triggers the formation of an inorganic-rich SEI with sulfur-containing species,enabling high Li plating/stripping coulombic efficiency and stable Li‖Li symmetric cells cycling for 1000 h.Benefiting from the superior interfacial chemistry and wettability of the electrolyte to the LiFePO_(4) cathode,full cells exhibit exceptional cycling stability even at low negative-to-positive(N/P)ratios,A pouch cell coupled with3.58 mAh cm^(-2) LiFePO_(4) and 20μm Li(N/P~1.15)maintains 88.77%capacity after 150 cycles.This work shows a fluorine-free solvent design paradigm for advanced WSEs,providing novel insights toward stable LMBs.展开更多
Weakly supervised semantic segmentation(WSSS)is a tricky task,which only provides category information for segmentation prediction.Thus,the key stage of WSSS is to generate the pseudo labels.For convolutional neural n...Weakly supervised semantic segmentation(WSSS)is a tricky task,which only provides category information for segmentation prediction.Thus,the key stage of WSSS is to generate the pseudo labels.For convolutional neural network(CNN)based methods,in which class activation mapping(CAM)is proposed to obtain the pseudo labels,and only concentrates on the most discriminative parts.Recently,transformer-based methods utilize attention map from the multi-headed self-attention(MHSA)module to predict pseudo labels,which usually contain obvious background noise and incoherent object area.To solve the above problems,we use the Conformer as our backbone,which is a parallel network based on convolutional neural network(CNN)and Transformer.The two branches generate pseudo labels and refine them independently,and can effectively combine the advantages of CNN and Transformer.However,the parallel structure is not close enough in the information communication.Thus,parallel structure can result in poor details about pseudo labels,and the background noise still exists.To alleviate this problem,we propose enhancing convolution CAM(ECCAM)model,which have three improved modules based on enhancing convolution,including deeper stem(DStem),convolutional feed-forward network(CFFN)and feature coupling unit with convolution(FCUConv).The ECCAM could make Conformer have tighter interaction between CNN and Transformer branches.After experimental verification,the improved modules we propose can help the network perceive more local information from images,making the final segmentation results more refined.Compared with similar architecture,our modules greatly improve the semantic segmentation performance and achieve70.2%mean intersection over union(mIoU)on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset.展开更多
This work is devoted to the study of initial boundary value problem for k-component system of semilinear wave equations with several fundamental boundary conditions(namely,the Dirichlet,Neumann,and Robin boundary cond...This work is devoted to the study of initial boundary value problem for k-component system of semilinear wave equations with several fundamental boundary conditions(namely,the Dirichlet,Neumann,and Robin boundary conditions).Blow-up results and lifespan estimates of solutions to the problem with two different types of weak damping terms and power nonlinearities in the sub-critical and critical cases on exterior domain are obtained.The test function technique is performed in the proofs.It is worth observing that our results in Theorem 1.1 in this article contain the results in[6]as a special case whenθ=0.To the best of our knowledge,the results in Theorems 1.1-1.2 are new.展开更多
Cascading failures pose a serious threat to the survivability of underwater unmanned swarm networks(UUSNs),significantly limiting their service ability in collaborative missions such as military reconnaissance and env...Cascading failures pose a serious threat to the survivability of underwater unmanned swarm networks(UUSNs),significantly limiting their service ability in collaborative missions such as military reconnaissance and environmental monitoring.Existing failure models primarily focus on power grids and traffic systems,and don't address the unique challenges of weak-communication UUSNs.In UUSNs,cascading failure present a complex and dynamic process driven by the coupling of unstable acoustic channels,passive node drift,adversarial attacks,and network heterogeneity.To address these challenges,a directed weighted graph model of UUSNs is first developed,in which node positions are updated according to ocean-current-driven drift and link weights reflect the probability of successful acoustic transmission.Building on this UUSNs graph model,a cascading failure model is proposed that integrates a normal-failure-recovery state-cycle mechanism,multiple attack strategies,and routingbased load redistribution.Finally,under a five-level connectivity UUSNs scheme,simulations are conducted to analyze how dynamic topology,network load,node recovery delay,and attack modes jointly affect network survivability.The main findings are:(1)moderate node drift can improve survivability by activating weak links;(2)based-energy routing(BER)outperform based-depth routing(BDR)in harsh conditions;(3)node self-recovery time is critical to network survivability;(4)traditional degree-based critical node metrics are inadequate for weak-communication UUSNs.These results provide a theoretical foundation for designing robust survivability mechanisms in weak-communication UUSNs.展开更多
Reliable detection of weak phase signals under significant channel loss and complex noise environments is a crucial step for practical applications of optical integrated communication and sensing systems. In this lett...Reliable detection of weak phase signals under significant channel loss and complex noise environments is a crucial step for practical applications of optical integrated communication and sensing systems. In this letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an enhanced long-distance weak signal transmission method assisted by weak measurement. Performing heterodyne detection and light intensity compensation on two nearly symmetric post-selected paths, the method enables real-time estimation of a time-varying phase while maintaining robustness against technical noises proportional to light intensity or photon number, detector common-mode noise, and significant attenuation over long-distance transmission. Experimental results indicate a potential phase sensitivity at the level of 10-8rad even with a signal light intensity attenuation of 48.1 d B. Potentially, combining the adaptive adjustment strategy, the method may provide a viable solution in remote weak signal detection and extraction,thereby contributing to optical integrated communication and sensing.展开更多
In order to identify the tilt direction of the self-mixing signals under weak feedback regime interfered by noise,a deep learning method is proposed.The one-dimensional U-Net(1D U-Net)neural network can identify the d...In order to identify the tilt direction of the self-mixing signals under weak feedback regime interfered by noise,a deep learning method is proposed.The one-dimensional U-Net(1D U-Net)neural network can identify the direction of the self-mixing fringes accurately and quickly.In the process of measurement,the measurement signal can be normalized and then the neural network can be used to discriminate the direction.Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for self-mixing interference signals with noise in the whole weak feedback regime,and can maintain a high discrimination accuracy for signals interfered by 5 dB large noise.Combined with fringe counting method,accurate and rapid displacement reconstruction can be realized.展开更多
Electron-electron interactions(EEIs),quantum interference,and the effects of disorder on transport properties are essential topics in condensed matter physics.A series of our characterization work demonstrates that th...Electron-electron interactions(EEIs),quantum interference,and the effects of disorder on transport properties are essential topics in condensed matter physics.A series of our characterization work demonstrates that the morphology of Bi_(2)Te_(3)/MnTe bilayer film mainly depends on the magnetic substrate's growth mode and thickness.We propose that the temperature-dependent quantum interference of the electron wave function caused by disorder drives the transition from weak antilocalization(WAL) to weak localization(WL).Due to spin regulation,WL under low fields originates from the ferromagnetism in MnTe.The quantum interference effect(QIE) model analysis gives the degree of impurity scattering of the electron wave function.The electron wave is scattered by impurities,which causes the Berry phase to change from π to 0,producing a complete WL behavior.The stacked structure provides tunable degrees of freedom,allowing for independent optimization of topological properties and magnetic order through preferential growth orientation of topological insulator(TI) and magnetic layers,respectively.展开更多
The concept of weak Hopf group coalgebras is a natural generalization of the notions of both weak Hopf algebras（quantum groupoids） and Hopf group coalgebras.Let π be a group.The Morita context is considered in the ...The concept of weak Hopf group coalgebras is a natural generalization of the notions of both weak Hopf algebras（quantum groupoids） and Hopf group coalgebras.Let π be a group.The Morita context is considered in the sense of weak Hopf π-coalgebras.Let H be a finite type weak Hopf π-coalgebra,and A a weak right π-H-comodule algebra.It is constructed that a Morita context connects A#H＊ which is a weak smash product and the ring of coinvariants AcoH.This result is the generalization of that of Wang＇s in the paper ＂Morita contexts,π-Galois extensions for Hopf π-coalgebras＂ in 2006.Furthermore,the result is important for constructing weak π-Galois extensions.展开更多
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nu...BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition(EEN) and the role of biomarkers in managing ICU-AW.METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 180 patients at risk of malnutrition admitted to the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Patients were divided into ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group according to whether they developed ICU-AW, or categorized into EEN and parenteral nutrition(PN) groups according to nutritional support. ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council score. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ICU-AW.RESULTS: The significant factors associated with ICU-AW included age, sex, type of nutritional therapy, mechanical ventilation(MV), body mass index(BMI), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(Cr) levels(P<0.05). The PN group developed ICU-AW earlier than did the EEN group, with a significant difference observed(log-rank P<0.001). Among biomarkers for ICU-AW, the mean prealbumin(PAB)/C-reactive protein(CRP) ratio had the highest diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve [AUC] 0.928, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.892–0.946), surpassing the mean Cr/BUN ratio(AUC 0.740, 95% CI 0.663–0.819) and mean transferrin levels(AUC 0.653, 95% CI 0.574–0.733).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for ICU-AW include female sex, advanced age, PN, MV, lower BMI, and elevated BUN and Cr levels. EEN may potentially delay ICU-AW onset, and the PAB/CRP ratio may be an effective diagnostic marker for this condition.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant Nos.62371199 and 62071186)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2024A1515012427)+1 种基金the Quantum Science Strate-gic Initiative Project of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.GDZX2305001)the Key Laboratory Project of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2020B1212060066).
文摘Weak measurement offers a powerful framework for probing nonclassical features of quantum mechanics,with anomalous weak values serving as operational signatures of contextuality.While the anomalous weak value verification of quantum contextuality has been predominantly investigated in the single-photon regime and analyzed under approximation condition of infinitesimally small perturbation strength.This study releases the approximation condition and takes into account the impact of perturbation strength on the rigor of the verification.And the investigation on the verification of contextuality is extended to the multi-photon scenarios for observing the influence of the correlation between photons on the verification.Without the limitation of infinitesimally small probability of disturbance,anomalous weak values are identified as necessary for contextuality to emerge,thereby refining the criterion proposed by Pusey[Phys.Rev.Lett.113200401(2014)].In the multi-photon scenarios,the emergence of contextuality also depends strongly on both the photon number and the photon-number distribution state.In particular,contextuality is found to be maximized when the single-photon component dominates and the second-order correlation is lower.These results highlight the critical role of photon statistics in experimental tests of contextuality via anomalous weak values.
文摘In this paper,we introduce the notion of G_(C)-X-injective modules,where X denotes a class of left S-modules and C represents a faithfully semidualizing bimodule.Under the condition that X satisfies certain hypotheses,some properties and some equivalent characterizations of G_(C)-X-injective modules are investigated,and we also show that the triple(■,cores■,■)is a weak co-AB-context.As an application,two complete cotorsion pairs and a new model structure in Mod S are given.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12001074)the Research Innovation Program of Graduate Students in Hunan Province(CX20220258)+1 种基金the Research Innovation Program of Graduate Students of Central South University(1053320214147)the Key Scientific Research Project of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(25B110025)。
文摘This paper deals with Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations with weak monotonicity coefficients.We first establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions to Mckean-Vlasov backward stochastic differential equations.Then we obtain a comparison theorem in one-dimensional situation.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Wuhan-Shuguang Project(Grant No.2023010201020443)the School-Level Scientific Research Project Funding Program of Jianghan University(Grant No.2022XKZX33)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2024AFB466).
文摘The 6D pose estimation of objects is of great significance for the intelligent assembly and sorting of industrial parts.In the industrial robot production scenarios,the 6D pose estimation of industrial parts mainly faces two challenges:one is the loss of information and interference caused by occlusion and stacking in the sorting scenario,the other is the difficulty of feature extraction due to the weak texture of industrial parts.To address the above problems,this paper proposes an attention-based pixel-level voting network for 6D pose estimation of weakly textured industrial parts,namely CB-PVNet.On the one hand,the voting scheme can predict the keypoints of affected pixels,which improves the accuracy of keypoint localization even in scenarios such as weak texture and partial occlusion.On the other hand,the attention mechanism can extract interesting features of the object while suppressing useless features of surroundings.Extensive comparative experiments were conducted on both public datasets(including LINEMOD,Occlusion LINEMOD and T-LESS datasets)and self-made datasets.The experimental results indicate that the proposed network CB-PVNet can achieve accuracy of ADD(-s)comparable to state-of-the-art using only RGB images while ensuring real-time performance.Additionally,we also conducted robot grasping experiments in the real world.The balance between accuracy and computational efficiency makes the method well-suited for applications in industrial automation.
基金supported by the Research Council of Lithuania(LMTLT),agreement no.S-MIP-22-5.
文摘Adhesively bonded joints are widely used in modern lightweight structures due to their high strengthto-weight ratio and design flexibility.However,the reliable non-destructive evaluation of bond integrity remains a significant challenge.This study presents a numerical investigation of adhesively bonded joints with different adhesive properties using ultrasonic guided waves.The main focus of the investigation is to evaluate the feasibility of using guided waves to assess bond integrity,particularly for detecting challenging weak bonds.For this purpose,a theoretical analysis of dispersion curves was conducted,revealing that the S0 Lamb wave mode is significantly sensitive to variations in adhesive properties in the 300-700 kHz frequency range.Finite element modelling was used to analyse the propagation of guided waves in two scenarios:an adhesively bonded aluminum structure and a more complex configuration-adhesively bonded lap joints.The Short-Time Fourier Transform(STFT)was used to process the obtained results and determine the group velocities of guided waves.By analysing the group velocity characteristics,their dependence on the adhesive properties was identified.In the first scenario,a clear separation of S0 modes from A0 modes was observed in the STFT analysis,with a decrease in group velocity as adhesive stiffness increased.For the more complex lap joint scenario,the separation between A0 and S0 modes was less distinct.However,the analysis of the average group velocity shows a dependence of average group velocity on adhesive properties.This is similar to the first scenario.There is a decrease in average group velocity as adhesive stiffness increases.The results obtained demonstrate that guided wavebased methods have a high potential for non-destructive evaluation of adhesively bonded structures,including the detection of weak bonds.
文摘Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation(WSSS),which relies only on image-level labels,has attracted significant attention for its cost-effectiveness and scalability.Existing methods mainly enhance inter-class distinctions and employ data augmentation to mitigate semantic ambiguity and reduce spurious activations.However,they often neglect the complex contextual dependencies among image patches,resulting in incomplete local representations and limited segmentation accuracy.To address these issues,we propose the Context Patch Fusion with Class Token Enhancement(CPF-CTE)framework,which exploits contextual relations among patches to enrich feature repre-sentations and improve segmentation.At its core,the Contextual-Fusion Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(CF-BiLSTM)module captures spatial dependencies between patches and enables bidirectional information flow,yield-ing a more comprehensive understanding of spatial correlations.This strengthens feature learning and segmentation robustness.Moreover,we introduce learnable class tokens that dynamically encode and refine class-specific semantics,enhancing discriminative capability.By effectively integrating spatial and semantic cues,CPF-CTE produces richer and more accurate representations of image content.Extensive experiments on PASCAL VOC 2012 and MS COCO 2014 validate that CPF-CTE consistently surpasses prior WSSS methods.
基金Project(2024YFC2909500)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProjects(42377148,52204164)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2022XJSB03)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘The weak and broken roof,explosive control and other problems seriously restrict the promotion of non coal pillar self-forming roadway technology.In order to solve such problems,a new method of non coal pillar self-forming roadway through non-blasting roof cutting and pressure relief was proposed in this study.A systematic research system of"theoretical analysis-physical experiment-engineering verification"was constructed with the 9103 working face of Longmenta Coal Mine as the research object.Firstly,the theoretical analysis was conducted to reveal the roof cutting mechanics mechanism of rock mass weakened by dense drilling,establish the design criteria for key drilling parameters,and obtain the key design parameters of dense drilling in the test working face.Secondly,the physical model test was conducted to make clear that the dense drilling method can directionally cut off the goaf roof along the set position,reducing the stress and deformation of the roadway surrounding rock.Finally,the field engineering tests were conducted,and monitoring results showed that the pressure relief effect of the dense drilling method was comparable to that of the directional blasting method,achieving non coal pillar self-forming roadway mining under non blasting conditions.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(Grant Nos.U24A20599 and 42277173)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2024ZD1004300)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘The deep tunnels are prone to mud and water inrush disasters when crossing water-rich weak zones.A good understanding the hydromechanical behavior of the water-rich weak zone in deep tunnels is the prerequisite for determining the limit support pressure on the tunnel face.However,the seepage forces within the water-rich weak zone are not well estimated in existing models.To overcome this,an analytical model is proposed in this study to determine the limit support pressure of a deep tunnel crossing the water-rich weak zone.The seepage force in the water-rich weak zone is obtained by solving a group of Laplace equations about the hydraulic head,avoiding complex physical and mathematical approximation in existing models.Besides,the seepage boundary conditions in the water-rich weak zone are considered at the nodes on the Neumann boundary and the Dirichlet boundary.The effectiveness of the proposed model is then validated by numerical simulations and engineering practice.It shows that the proposed model has higher accuracy and wider applicability in estimating the hydraulic head.The proposed model can be used for stability analysis of tunnel faces.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant Nos.52502258 and 52162030)the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects,China(Grant Nos.202501AT070298,202401AU070163 and 202401AT070368)+5 种基金the Yunnan Engineering Research Center Innovation Ability Construction and Enhancement Projects,China(Grant No.2023-XMDJ-00617107)the Expert Workstation Support Project of Yunnan Province,China(Grant Nos.202405AF140069 and 202505AF350019)the University Service Key Industry Project of Yunnan Province,China(Grant No.FWCY-ZD2024005)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.KJZD20230923114107014)the Scientific Research Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China(20220122)the Analysis and Test Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.2023T20220122)。
文摘Weakly solvating electrolytes(WSEs)promote the formation of anion-driven solid electrolyte interphases(SEI),enabling stable lithium metal batteries.However,current strategies involving alkylated modification,steric hindrance incorporation,coordinated oxygen(O)regulation,and selective fluorination face poor-diversity interfacial chemistry,high cost,or environmental concerns.Here,we propose a heteroatom-substitution strategy to design a WSE composed of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide(LiFSI)and 1,4-oxathiane(OTA)as a single solvent.Substituting oxygen with sulfur in conventional 1,4-dioxane(1,4-DX)generates OTA with a modulated dipole and charge distribution,weakening Li^(+)-OTA coordination while promoting anion-involved solvation sheath.This unique solvation structure triggers the formation of an inorganic-rich SEI with sulfur-containing species,enabling high Li plating/stripping coulombic efficiency and stable Li‖Li symmetric cells cycling for 1000 h.Benefiting from the superior interfacial chemistry and wettability of the electrolyte to the LiFePO_(4) cathode,full cells exhibit exceptional cycling stability even at low negative-to-positive(N/P)ratios,A pouch cell coupled with3.58 mAh cm^(-2) LiFePO_(4) and 20μm Li(N/P~1.15)maintains 88.77%capacity after 150 cycles.This work shows a fluorine-free solvent design paradigm for advanced WSEs,providing novel insights toward stable LMBs.
文摘Weakly supervised semantic segmentation(WSSS)is a tricky task,which only provides category information for segmentation prediction.Thus,the key stage of WSSS is to generate the pseudo labels.For convolutional neural network(CNN)based methods,in which class activation mapping(CAM)is proposed to obtain the pseudo labels,and only concentrates on the most discriminative parts.Recently,transformer-based methods utilize attention map from the multi-headed self-attention(MHSA)module to predict pseudo labels,which usually contain obvious background noise and incoherent object area.To solve the above problems,we use the Conformer as our backbone,which is a parallel network based on convolutional neural network(CNN)and Transformer.The two branches generate pseudo labels and refine them independently,and can effectively combine the advantages of CNN and Transformer.However,the parallel structure is not close enough in the information communication.Thus,parallel structure can result in poor details about pseudo labels,and the background noise still exists.To alleviate this problem,we propose enhancing convolution CAM(ECCAM)model,which have three improved modules based on enhancing convolution,including deeper stem(DStem),convolutional feed-forward network(CFFN)and feature coupling unit with convolution(FCUConv).The ECCAM could make Conformer have tighter interaction between CNN and Transformer branches.After experimental verification,the improved modules we propose can help the network perceive more local information from images,making the final segmentation results more refined.Compared with similar architecture,our modules greatly improve the semantic segmentation performance and achieve70.2%mean intersection over union(mIoU)on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(20210302123045,20210302123182)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11601446)。
文摘This work is devoted to the study of initial boundary value problem for k-component system of semilinear wave equations with several fundamental boundary conditions(namely,the Dirichlet,Neumann,and Robin boundary conditions).Blow-up results and lifespan estimates of solutions to the problem with two different types of weak damping terms and power nonlinearities in the sub-critical and critical cases on exterior domain are obtained.The test function technique is performed in the proofs.It is worth observing that our results in Theorem 1.1 in this article contain the results in[6]as a special case whenθ=0.To the best of our knowledge,the results in Theorems 1.1-1.2 are new.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Key Program)under Grant No.62031021。
文摘Cascading failures pose a serious threat to the survivability of underwater unmanned swarm networks(UUSNs),significantly limiting their service ability in collaborative missions such as military reconnaissance and environmental monitoring.Existing failure models primarily focus on power grids and traffic systems,and don't address the unique challenges of weak-communication UUSNs.In UUSNs,cascading failure present a complex and dynamic process driven by the coupling of unstable acoustic channels,passive node drift,adversarial attacks,and network heterogeneity.To address these challenges,a directed weighted graph model of UUSNs is first developed,in which node positions are updated according to ocean-current-driven drift and link weights reflect the probability of successful acoustic transmission.Building on this UUSNs graph model,a cascading failure model is proposed that integrates a normal-failure-recovery state-cycle mechanism,multiple attack strategies,and routingbased load redistribution.Finally,under a five-level connectivity UUSNs scheme,simulations are conducted to analyze how dynamic topology,network load,node recovery delay,and attack modes jointly affect network survivability.The main findings are:(1)moderate node drift can improve survivability by activating weak links;(2)based-energy routing(BER)outperform based-depth routing(BDR)in harsh conditions;(3)node self-recovery time is critical to network survivability;(4)traditional degree-based critical node metrics are inadequate for weak-communication UUSNs.These results provide a theoretical foundation for designing robust survivability mechanisms in weak-communication UUSNs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62471289)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (Grant No.24ZR1432900)+1 种基金the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology (Grant No.2021ZD0300703)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)。
文摘Reliable detection of weak phase signals under significant channel loss and complex noise environments is a crucial step for practical applications of optical integrated communication and sensing systems. In this letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an enhanced long-distance weak signal transmission method assisted by weak measurement. Performing heterodyne detection and light intensity compensation on two nearly symmetric post-selected paths, the method enables real-time estimation of a time-varying phase while maintaining robustness against technical noises proportional to light intensity or photon number, detector common-mode noise, and significant attenuation over long-distance transmission. Experimental results indicate a potential phase sensitivity at the level of 10-8rad even with a signal light intensity attenuation of 48.1 d B. Potentially, combining the adaptive adjustment strategy, the method may provide a viable solution in remote weak signal detection and extraction,thereby contributing to optical integrated communication and sensing.
文摘In order to identify the tilt direction of the self-mixing signals under weak feedback regime interfered by noise,a deep learning method is proposed.The one-dimensional U-Net(1D U-Net)neural network can identify the direction of the self-mixing fringes accurately and quickly.In the process of measurement,the measurement signal can be normalized and then the neural network can be used to discriminate the direction.Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method is suitable for self-mixing interference signals with noise in the whole weak feedback regime,and can maintain a high discrimination accuracy for signals interfered by 5 dB large noise.Combined with fringe counting method,accurate and rapid displacement reconstruction can be realized.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52371204, 52201233,and 52031014)
文摘Electron-electron interactions(EEIs),quantum interference,and the effects of disorder on transport properties are essential topics in condensed matter physics.A series of our characterization work demonstrates that the morphology of Bi_(2)Te_(3)/MnTe bilayer film mainly depends on the magnetic substrate's growth mode and thickness.We propose that the temperature-dependent quantum interference of the electron wave function caused by disorder drives the transition from weak antilocalization(WAL) to weak localization(WL).Due to spin regulation,WL under low fields originates from the ferromagnetism in MnTe.The quantum interference effect(QIE) model analysis gives the degree of impurity scattering of the electron wave function.The electron wave is scattered by impurities,which causes the Berry phase to change from π to 0,producing a complete WL behavior.The stacked structure provides tunable degrees of freedom,allowing for independent optimization of topological properties and magnetic order through preferential growth orientation of topological insulator(TI) and magnetic layers,respectively.
基金The Scientific Research Innovation Project for College Graduates in Jiangsu Province(No.CXLX_0094)
文摘The concept of weak Hopf group coalgebras is a natural generalization of the notions of both weak Hopf algebras（quantum groupoids） and Hopf group coalgebras.Let π be a group.The Morita context is considered in the sense of weak Hopf π-coalgebras.Let H be a finite type weak Hopf π-coalgebra,and A a weak right π-H-comodule algebra.It is constructed that a Morita context connects A#H＊ which is a weak smash product and the ring of coinvariants AcoH.This result is the generalization of that of Wang＇s in the paper ＂Morita contexts,π-Galois extensions for Hopf π-coalgebras＂ in 2006.Furthermore,the result is important for constructing weak π-Galois extensions.
文摘BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition(EEN) and the role of biomarkers in managing ICU-AW.METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 180 patients at risk of malnutrition admitted to the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Patients were divided into ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group according to whether they developed ICU-AW, or categorized into EEN and parenteral nutrition(PN) groups according to nutritional support. ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council score. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ICU-AW.RESULTS: The significant factors associated with ICU-AW included age, sex, type of nutritional therapy, mechanical ventilation(MV), body mass index(BMI), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(Cr) levels(P<0.05). The PN group developed ICU-AW earlier than did the EEN group, with a significant difference observed(log-rank P<0.001). Among biomarkers for ICU-AW, the mean prealbumin(PAB)/C-reactive protein(CRP) ratio had the highest diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve [AUC] 0.928, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.892–0.946), surpassing the mean Cr/BUN ratio(AUC 0.740, 95% CI 0.663–0.819) and mean transferrin levels(AUC 0.653, 95% CI 0.574–0.733).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for ICU-AW include female sex, advanced age, PN, MV, lower BMI, and elevated BUN and Cr levels. EEN may potentially delay ICU-AW onset, and the PAB/CRP ratio may be an effective diagnostic marker for this condition.
