To efficiently remove radioactive nuclides from nuclear industry wastewater and minimize the generation of radioactive secondary waste,this study proposes the concept of a magnetically controlled microchannel adsorber...To efficiently remove radioactive nuclides from nuclear industry wastewater and minimize the generation of radioactive secondary waste,this study proposes the concept of a magnetically controlled microchannel adsorber based on magnetic adsorbents.A novel protocol for achieving high adsorption performance in microchannel adsorbers with periodically distributed particles is developed using the particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method,which addresses the limitations of traditional porous media flow models.To align simulation results more closely with practical scenarios,a typical high-efficiency magnetic adsorbent,magnetic sodium alginate/cobalt-based Prussian blue (M-SA/PB-Co),was synthesized.The M-SA/PB-Co microspheres exhibit a uniform size distribution (300–600 μm),and their Cs^(+) adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a Langmuir saturated adsorption capacity of 124.84 mg·g^(-1).The performance parameters of M-SA/PB-Co,obtained from characterization and adsorption experiments,were integrated into CFD simulations.CFD results indicate that as the flow velocity increases,the flow field gradually transitions with vortices expanding in scale and streamline bifurcation points shifting rearward.The Cs^(+) concentration decreases progressively along the flow direction,with a more pronounced reduction in the vortex regions downstream of particles.The characteristic velocity and characteristic concentration of specific regions surrounding the particles were extracted based on boundary layer distribution.The amount of concentration reduction of Cs^(+) through particle is positively correlated with the characteristic concentration and negatively correlated with the characteristic velocity.The number of microspheres required in the microchannel adsorber was optimized using the response surface method.Compared with industrial fixed-bed adsorbers,microchannel adsorbers exhibit 8–10 times higher processing capacity,demonstrating significant industrial application potential.展开更多
Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising techno-economic method for biomass waste valorization owing to its advantages over other thermochemical processes.This study focused on carbon sequestration from sugarcane...Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising techno-economic method for biomass waste valorization owing to its advantages over other thermochemical processes.This study focused on carbon sequestration from sugarcane bioethanol distillery wastewater via HTC and chemical activation to produce activated carbon(AC).The resulting AC was then applied as an active material for supercapacitor electrodes.The introduction of redox molecules,such as 1,4-anthraquinone(AQ)and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone(PQ),on AC increased charge storage capability via redox transformation and enhanced the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor elec-trode.Electrochemical testing showed that AC loaded with 16 wt%PQ achieved the highest specific capacitance of 488.21 F g^(-1) with remarkable capacitance retention of 95.3% after 1000 charge-discharge cycles.N-doped AC obtained from the HTC of wastewater and melamine presented a slightly enhanced specific capacitance.Various commercial LEDs with a voltage range of 1.8-3.0 V were illuminated simultaneously by connecting them to two series of symmetric supercapacitors,demonstrating the potential application of our proposed strategy in energy storage systems.This study proposes a simple and efficient strategy to utilize wastewater and achieve net-zero emission goals in a Bio-Circular-Green Economy model.展开更多
The challenge of wastewater treatment facilities is growing as they strive to enhance compliance strength and minimize energy consumption,chemical usage,downtime,and labor requirements in the face of increasingly vari...The challenge of wastewater treatment facilities is growing as they strive to enhance compliance strength and minimize energy consumption,chemical usage,downtime,and labor requirements in the face of increasingly variable influent and climate-related disruptions.The use of recent developments in Internet of Things(IoT),artificial intelligence,and robotics enables a transition to a less reactive mode of operation and more closed-loop automation.This review leads to an understanding of the demonstrations of networked sensing and edge data architecture to enhance observability,transform heterogeneous time-series and multimodal data into monitoring,forecasting,and risk intelligent decision knowledge,and extends robotics ability to measure and intervene in hazardous,distributed,or intermittently observed plant environments.We structure the literature on a deployable sense-think-act structure between unit processes,sensing strategies,Artificial Intelligence(AI)tasks,and execution pathways based on supervisory control and robotic operations.The applications of high leverage are evaluated,such as aeration and nutrient removal optimization,chemical dosing and disinfection control,prediction of membrane fouling and cleaning schedules,solids line stabilization,and predictive maintenance of the important assets.In these areas,we highlight aspects of quality of evidence,benchmarking issues,and operational circumstances that will define persistence of reported efficiency improvements after pilots,such as sensor drift and biofouling control,constraint-based control in service of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA)/Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)systems,cybersecurity-by-design,and model life cycle governance.We bring it to the maturity perspective of resilient,interoperable,and conscientiously independent Wastewater Treatment Plants(WWTPs)with a research requirement of standardized datasets,hybrid digital twins,uncertainty intentional optimization,and adaptive sampling and inspection by robotized techniques.展开更多
Water quality is fundamental to water security,ecosystem integrity,and public health.This study assessed the impact of wastewater effluent on the Trichardspruit River,which receives effluent from two wastewater treatm...Water quality is fundamental to water security,ecosystem integrity,and public health.This study assessed the impact of wastewater effluent on the Trichardspruit River,which receives effluent from two wastewater treatment works(WWTWs).Over a 12-month period,water samples were collected across six study sites(S1–S6)to evaluate physicochemical and microbiological parameters relative to national Resource Quality Objectives(RQOs)and Water Use Licence(WUL)limits.One-way ANOVA showed significant(p<0.05)spatial differences for all parameters,and Tukey’s HSD identified the strongest pairwise contrasts at and below the discharge of WWTW-2(S5).Orthophosphate peaked at 7.26 mg/L at S5,and remained elevated at 3.6 mg/L at S6.Chemical oxygen demand reached 92 mg/L at S5,and likewise,EC and major ions(Cl^(−)and SO_(4)^(2−))were higher at S5&S6 than upstream.Microbial contamination exceeded permissible standards throughout the monitoring period,with E.coli counts as high as 7230 CFU/100 mL at S6,indicating a severe public health risk.Overall,WWTW-2(S5)showed a stronger local impact than WWTW-1(S2),while downstream persistence of salts and microbes indicates that dilution alone is insufficient.The study underscores the need for improved sewer system maintenance,infrastructure upgrades,and stricter enforcement of discharge standards to achieve compliance with Water Use Licenses.Enhanced real-time monitoring and implementation of RQOs are essential to safeguard the Trichardspruit River and regional water security.展开更多
The management and treatment of cabin-washing wastewater has received increasing attention in China.To improve the anaerobic degradation of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,and xylenes(BTEX) in cabin-washing wastewater,th...The management and treatment of cabin-washing wastewater has received increasing attention in China.To improve the anaerobic degradation of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,and xylenes(BTEX) in cabin-washing wastewater,the addition of iron-carbon composite was adopted to enhance the efficiency of anaerobic digestion by facilitating direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET).The preparation of iron-carbon composite was optimized and its effects on BTEX removal and methanogenic performance were then investigated.The results showed that the iron-carbon composite facilitated the hydrolysis and acidification process.The toluene removal rate was improved by 69.9 %,and the cumulative methane yield was enhanced by 90.5 % under the optimized condition of pyrolysis temperature of 600℃,Fe/C mass ratio of 1.0 and dosage of 2.5 g/L.Furthermore,both extracellular electron transfer(EET) and intracellular electron transfer(IET) were found enhanced,and the aromatic compound-degrading bacteria was enriched by iron-carbon composite.The enhanced anaerobic degradation of BTEX by iron-carbon composite provided a novel means for the removal of BTEX from cabin-washing wastewater.展开更多
Comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum(PG)has attracted much attention,especially for the recovery of rare earth elements(REEs)and gypsum due to the issues of stockpile,environmental pollution,and waste of associa...Comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum(PG)has attracted much attention,especially for the recovery of rare earth elements(REEs)and gypsum due to the issues of stockpile,environmental pollution,and waste of associated resources.Traditional utilization methods suffered the issues of low REEs leaching efficiency,huge amount of CaSO_(4)saturated wastewater and high recovery cost.To solve these issues,this study investigated the occurrence of REEs in PG and the leaching of REEs.The results show that REEs in PG are in the forms of(1)REEs mineral inclusions,(2)REEs isomorphous substitution of Ca^(2+)in gypsum lattice,(3)dispersed soluble REEs salts.Acid leaching results demonstrate that(1)the dissolution of gypsum matrix is the control factor of REEs leaching;(2)H_(2)SO_(4)is a promising leachant considering the recycle of leachate;(3)the gypsum matrix suffers a recrystallization during the acid leaching and releases the soluble REEs from PG to aqueous solution.For the recovery of the undissolved REEs mineral inclusions,wet sieving concentrated 37.1 wt%of the REEs in a 10.7 wt%mass,increasing REEs content from 309 to 1071 ppm.Finally,a green process combining gravity separation and hydrometallurgy is proposed.This process owns the merits of wastewater free,considerable REEs recovery(about 10%increase compared with traditional processes),excellent gypsum purification(>95 wt%CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O,with<0.06 wt%of soluble P_(2)O_(5) and<0.015 wt%of soluble F)and reagent saving(about 2/3less reagent consumption than non-cyclical leaching).展开更多
The global concern surrounding the advancement of methods for treating wastewater and polluted soil has markedly increased over time.While electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOPs)and biotreatments are commo...The global concern surrounding the advancement of methods for treating wastewater and polluted soil has markedly increased over time.While electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOPs)and biotreatments are commonly employed technologies for remediating wastewater and polluted soil,their widespread adoption is hindered by their limitations,which include high costs associated with EAOPs and prolonged remediation time of biotreatments.In the review,we provided an overviewof EAOP technology and biotreatment,emphasizing the critical aspects involved in building a combined system.This review systematically evaluates recent research that combines EAOPswith bioremediation for treating wastewater or contaminated soil as pretreatment or post-treatment process.Research findings suggest that the combined treatment method represents a promising and competitive technology that can overcome some of the limitations of individual treatments.Additionally,we discussed the potential applications of this technology in varying levels of wastewater and soil pollution,as well as the underlying combination mechanisms.展开更多
In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were investigated.The increas...In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were investigated.The increase in salinity resulted in a decrease in particle size of the granular sludge,which was concentrated in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm.The content of EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)in the granular sludge gradually increased with increasing salinity and the addition of betaine(a typical compatible solute).Meanwhile,the microbial community structure was significantly affected by salinity,with high salinity reducing the diversity of bacteria.At higher salinity,Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria gradually became the dominant phylum,with relative abundance increasing to 13.53%and 12.16%at 20 g/L salinity.Desulfobacterota and its subordinate Desulfovibrio,which secrete EPS in large quantities,dominated significantly after betaine addition.Their relative abundance reached 13.65%and 7.86%at phylum level and genus level.The effect of these changes on the treated effluent was shown as the average chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate decreased from 82.10%to 79.71%,78.01%,68.51%and 64.55%when the salinity gradually increased from 2 g/L to 6,10,16 and 20 g/L.At the salinity of 20 g/L,average COD removal increased to 71.65%by the addition of 2 mmol/L betaine.The gradient elevated salinity and the exogenous addition of betaine played an important role in achieving stability of the anaerobic system in a highly saline environment,which provided a feasible strategy for anaerobic treatment of organic saline wastewater.展开更多
Electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment technology has emerged as a promising method for environmental remediation.However,the realization of highly efficient and scalable electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment...Electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment technology has emerged as a promising method for environmental remediation.However,the realization of highly efficient and scalable electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment(SEUWT)is still an enormous challenge.Herein,through regulating the adsorption behavior of urea functional groups,the efficient SEUWT coupled hydrogen production is realized in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE).Density functional theory calculations indicate that self-driven electron transfer at the heterogeneous interface(NiO/Co_(3)O_(4))can induce charge redistribution,resulting in electron-rich NiO and electron-deficient Co_(3)O_(4),which are superior to adsorbing C=O(electron-withdrawing group)and–NH_(2)(electron-donating group),respectively,regulating the adsorption behavior of urea molecule and accelerating the reaction kinetics of urea oxidation.This viewpoint is further verified by temperature-programmed desorption experiments.The SEUWT coupled hydrogen production in AEMWE assembled with NiO/Co_(3)O_(4)(anode)and NiCoP(cathode)can continuously treat urea wastewater at an initial current density of 600 mA cm^(-2),with the average urea treatment efficiency about 53%.Compared with overall water splitting,the H_(2) production rate(8.33 mmol s^(-1))increases by approximately 3.5 times.This work provides a cost-effective strategy for scalable purifying urea-rich wastewater and energy-saving hydrogen production.展开更多
The removal of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and bacteria from aquaculture wastewater holds paramount ecological and production significance.In this study,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were prepared by deposit...The removal of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and bacteria from aquaculture wastewater holds paramount ecological and production significance.In this study,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were prepared by depositing Pt and RuO_(2)particles onto g-C_(3)N_(4).The physicochemical properties of photocatalysts were explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrometer(UV–vis DRS).The photocatalysts were then applied to the removal of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from simulated mariculture wastewater.The results clarified that the removals of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria were in the sequence of g-C_(3)N_(4)<RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4).This magnificent photocatalytic ability of Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)can be interpreted by the transfer of holes from g-C_(3)N_(4)to RuO_(2)to facilitate the in situ generation of HClO from Cl^(−)in wastewater,while Pt extracts photogenerated electrons for H_(2)formation to enhance the reaction.The removal of NH_(4)^(+)-N and disinfection effect were more pronounced in simulated seawater than in purewater.The removal efficiency ofNH_(4)^(+)-N increases with an increase in pH of wastewater,while the bactericidal effect was more significant under a lower pH in a pH range of 6–9.In actual seawater aquaculture wastewater,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)still exhibits effective removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bactericidal performance under sunlight.This study provides an alternative avenue for removement of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from saline waters under sunlight.展开更多
Reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions to address climate change is a global consensus,and municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWWTPs)should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development.However,achieving efflue...Reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions to address climate change is a global consensus,and municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWWTPs)should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development.However,achieving effluent discharge standards often requires considerable energy and chemical consumption during operation,resulting in significant carbon footprints.In this study,GHG emissions are systematically accounted for,and the driving factors of carbon footprint growth in China’s MWWTPs are explored.In 2020,a total of 41.9 million tonnes(Mt)of carbon dioxide equivalent(CO_(2)-eq)were released by the sector,with nearly two-thirds being indirect emissions resulting from energy and material usage.The intensity of electricity,carbon source,and phosphorus removing agent consumption increasingly influence carbon footprint growth over time.Through statistical inference,benchmarks for electricity and chemical consumption intensity are established across all MWWTPs under various operational conditions,and the potential for mitigation through more efficient energy and material utilization is calculated.The results suggest that many MWWTPs offer significant opportunities for emission reduction.Consequently,empirical decarbonization measures,including intelligent device control,optimization of aeration equipment,energy recovery initiatives,and other enhancements to improve operational and carbon efficiency,are recommended.展开更多
The kitchen-oil wastewater is characterized by a high concentration of organicmatter,complex composition and refractory pollutants,which make wastewater treatment more difficult.Based on the study of using micro-elect...The kitchen-oil wastewater is characterized by a high concentration of organicmatter,complex composition and refractory pollutants,which make wastewater treatment more difficult.Based on the study of using micro-electric field characteristic catalyst HCLL-S8-M to enhance the electron transfer between microorganisms in kitchen-oil wastewater which further improved the COD removal rate,we focus on themicrobial community,intracellular metabolism and extracellular respiration,and make an in-depth analysis of the molecular biological mechanisms to microbial treatment in wastewater.It is found that electroactive microorganisms are enriched on the material surface,and the expression levels of cytochrome c and riboflavin genes related to electron transfer are up-regulated,confirming that the surface micro-electric field structure could enhance the electron transfer between microbial species and improve the efficiency ofwastewater degradation.This study provides a new idea for the treatment of refractory organic wastewater.展开更多
Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy carrier.This study...Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy carrier.This study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2) overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell.In dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2) marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed.Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact.Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine.The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.展开更多
The rapidly growing demand for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has aggravated the scarcity of phosphorus(P)reserves on Earth.This study introduces an environment...The rapidly growing demand for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has aggravated the scarcity of phosphorus(P)reserves on Earth.This study introduces an environmentally friendly and economical method of P recovery from municipal wastewater,providing the P source for LiFePO_(4) cathodes.The novel approach utilizes the sludge of Fe-coagulant-based chemical P removal(CPR)in wastewater treatment.After a sintering treatment with acid washing,the CPR sludge,enriched with P and Fe,transforms into purified P-Fe oxides(Fe2.1P1.0O5.6).These oxides can substitute up to 35%of the FePO_(4) reagent as precursor,producing a carbon-coated LiFePO_(4)(LiFePO_(4)/C)cathode with a specific discharge capacity of 114.9 mA·h·g^(-1)at current density of 17 mA·g^(-1)),and cycle stability of 99.2%after 100 cycles.The enhanced cycle performance of the as-prepared LiFePO_(4)/C cathode may be attributed to the incorporations of impurities(such as Ca^(2+)and Na^(+))from sludge,with improved stability of crystal structure.Unlike conventional P-fertilizers,this P recovery technology converts 100%of P in CPR sludge into the production of value-added LiFePO_(4)/C cathodes.The recovered P from municipal wastewater can meet up to 35%of the P demand in the Chinese LIBs industry,offering a cost-effective solution for addressing the pressing challenges of P scarcity.展开更多
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a bacterial pathogen for humans and animals. These bacteria can resist against many antibiotics and this resistance constitute an alarming worldwide human health threat due to the ...Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a bacterial pathogen for humans and animals. These bacteria can resist against many antibiotics and this resistance constitute an alarming worldwide human health threat due to the morbidity and mortality. Phage therapy is one of the alternative treatments. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize lytic phages of S. aureus from different wastewater sources in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Eight strains of S. aureus were isolated from different clinical samples and were used to isolate phages. The isolation and host range of phages were done by the spot test. Phages were purified by the double-layer method. Similar phages after the determination of the host range were characterized using restriction enzymes. A total of 27 phages were obtained after isolation and purification. Nine of the 27 isolates reported a broad host range (≥67%). The results of enzymatic digestion allowed to consider that all phage isolates that presented the same host range and the same genetic fingerprint are the same phage strain;whereas phages that presented the same host range and different genetic fingerprints are different phage strains. Thus, a total of 15 distinct phages isolates specific to S. aureus were characterized. This study highlighted the abundance and lytic capacity of phages isolated from wastewater from Bobo-Dioulasso’s environment against clinical strains of S. aureus. The lytic capacity of these Staphyphages could be an effective alternative tool to combat bacteria multi-resistance.展开更多
Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are currently one of the most promising techniques for wastewater treatment, having demonstrated their effectiveness. However, the choice of substrate particle size is critical to the smooth...Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are currently one of the most promising techniques for wastewater treatment, having demonstrated their effectiveness. However, the choice of substrate particle size is critical to the smooth operation of the process, as hydrodynamic constraints require a coarse particle size, whereas wastewater treatment recommends a fine particle size. This study investigates the suitability of laterite and shale as substrates of different sizes (1 - 3, 3 - 5 and 5 - 8 mm) in CWs for domestic wastewater treatment. The study was carried out in an experimental pilot plant consisting of 12 parallelepiped beds (C × C = 0.4 × 0.4 m2;H = 0.6 m) filled from bottom to top with 0.1 m of gravel and 0.4 m of shale or laterite of different grain sizes with two replications. During the six months of operation, plant biomass and stem diameter of Pennisetum purpureum used as vegetation in the CWs were determined. Raw and treated water were also sampled and analyzed for pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total Kjedahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS), using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) analytical methods. P. purpureum developed much better in the CW beds lined with shale;plant biomass ranged from 13.8 to 14.7 kg/m2 and from 11.2 to 12.5 kg/m2 in the beds lined with shale and laterite, respectively, as did stump diameter, which ranged from 15.5 to 16.1 cm and from 11.10 to 12.7 cm, respectively. However, the highest values for biomass and stump diameter for each material were obtained in the beds lined with 1 - 3 mm geomaterials. Pollutant removal efficiencies were highest in the CWs lined with laterite and shale of 1 - 3 mm grain size (76.9% - 83% COD, 78% - 84.7% BOD5, 55.5% - 72.2% TKN, 58.4% - 72.4% TP, 78.1% - 80.2% TSS), with the highest values recorded in the shale-lined beds. However, the 3 - 5 mm grain size of both materials provided quality filtrates (140 - 174 mg/L COD, 78.5 - 94.8 mg/L BOD5, 4.6 - 5.7 mg/L TP) in line with local wastewater discharge levels. This size of geomaterials appears to be suitable for optimization purposes, although further work with these materials, such as increasing the depth of the wetland, is required to improve the level of NTK and TSS discharge.展开更多
The development of Indonesia’s New Capital City(Ibu Kota Negara(IKN))does not only offer opportunities but also faces uncertainties.One of these concerns is wastewater management,in terms of volume,location,and treat...The development of Indonesia’s New Capital City(Ibu Kota Negara(IKN))does not only offer opportunities but also faces uncertainties.One of these concerns is wastewater management,in terms of volume,location,and treatment facilities.To evaluate how the city might be able to manage this,this study starts with a theoretical evaluation of which wastewater management principles are crucial.Then the empirical study evaluates where and how the current infrastructure of the IKN could manage the wastewater and assesses-based on spatial scenarios-if the current wastewater management plans for the IKN are adequate.A Geographic Information System(GIS)-based analysis assesses the suitability of current wastewater treatment locations and develops scenarios for the best possible infrastructure extensions.The analysis yields that the most suitable sites for wastewater treatment primarily depend on existing topography and on land use changes due to future migration.As the latter is largely unknown,it requires expert assessments on deciding where to set up and/or expand the wastewater management system(WWMS),and how to manage it economically and socio-culturally.The assessments are compared to how the IKN authority aims for“Circular and Resilient”WWMS,which differs fromconventional wastewater treatment plants.The comparison proves that it is necessary to tailor a WWMS to how and where IKN may develop.The early findings necessitate,however,further monitoring of spatial expansion and further research in smart city designs.展开更多
Boron-doped diamond(BDD)is a well-known anode material with a high pollutant degradation ability for electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,the cost of production and mechanical strength of BDD me...Boron-doped diamond(BDD)is a well-known anode material with a high pollutant degradation ability for electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,the cost of production and mechanical strength of BDD membranes remain unsatisfactory.Magnetic BDD particles derived from industrial waste may represent a promising alternative to BDD membranes,although the challenge remains in assembling these particles into a usable electrode.In this study,magnetic BDD particles were attracted to a Ti/RuO_(2)-IrO_(2)electrode using a magnet,thus constituting a novel 2.5-dimensional(2.5D)electrode.To ascertain the structure-activity relationship of the novel electrode,essential characterizations,multi-physics simulations,pollutant degradation and electrosynthesis experiments were conducted.The results indicate that an appropriate quantity of BDD particles(0.1 g/cm^(2))can enhance the number of active sites by approximately 20%.A strong synergistic effect was observed between the Ti/Ti/RuO_(2)-IrO_(2)and BDD particles in the degradation of various pollutants,including azo dye,p-benzoquinone,succinic acid and four kinds of real wastewaters,as well as glycerol conversion.The joint active sites on the interface between Ti/RuO_(2)-IrO_(2)and BDD particles,as well as the inner active sites on BDD particles,have been identified as crucial in the mineralization of pollutants and the generation of value-added products.The optimal amount of BDD particles(0.1 g/cm^(2))is sufficient to preserve the joint active sites and to maintain an adequate polarization on the BDD particles.Nevertheless,the hybrid feature of the 2.5D electrode is diminished when a greater quantity of BDD particles(0.3 g/cm^(2))is loaded.展开更多
Under conditions of increased pollution of water resources,the search for effective and environmentally safe methods of wastewater treatment becomes an urgent task.As noted by many researchers Lemna minor L.and Azolla...Under conditions of increased pollution of water resources,the search for effective and environmentally safe methods of wastewater treatment becomes an urgent task.As noted by many researchers Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana have great potential for biological treatment of wastewater.The present study is devoted to the biological treatment of municipal wastewater of Osh city(Kyrgyzstan)using aquatic plants Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana Willd.Experiments were conducted in concrete basins of treatment facilities.The area of each pool was 1 m^(2),depth 30–45 cm.The temperature of nutrient media ranged from 20 to 35℃,pH from 6.1 to 8.7,and light intensity from 284 to 360 W/m^(2)FAR.The results showed that the cultivation of Lemna minor resulted in the oxygenation of wastewater and,a significant reduction of pollutants and pathogens.At the same time,the use of Azolla caroliniana provided a significant improvement in the physicochemical characteristics of water-reduction of BOD_(5)to 4.3 mgO_(2)/L,disappearance of all forms of nitrogen,as well as improvement of transparency and elimination of unpleasant odor.Thus,both plants showed high potential as biological treatment agents.The obtained data confirm the prospect of their application for a sustainable water treatment system in the conditions of southern regions of Kyrgyzstan.展开更多
Wastewater plays a crucial role in deteriorating water quality and can significantly affect human health and ecosystems if discharged without proper treatment.Among available treatment methods,adsorption is often cons...Wastewater plays a crucial role in deteriorating water quality and can significantly affect human health and ecosystems if discharged without proper treatment.Among available treatment methods,adsorption is often considered an effective,relatively inexpensive,and environmentally friendly purification technique,but its efficiency depends on the sorbents used.The use of low-cost biosorbents with high adsorption capacity is widely studied.These include various biomaterials such as microalgae,cyanobacteria,fungi,and plant materials.The utilization of different biosorbents derived from plant waste,such as Paulownia wood,aspen,hickory,Ziziphus bark,peach tree shavings,as well as grasses such as red fescue and reed,and Sargassum algae in natural and modified forms,is a crucial research direction.Such studies highlight the potential to address waste issues by repurposing it as biosorbents.Several studies have examined the ability of different biosorbents to treat wastewater and suggested that the physicochemical properties of the material's surface,such as specific surface area,pore size,and pore volume,play a decisive role in adsorption capacity.A quantitative analysis of plant-based biosorbents will significantly aid in developing water treatment systems and achieving optimal adsorption through modifications of their physicochemical properties.Furthermore,the analysis will help understand the relative importance of each physicochemical property in determining adsorption capacity,thereby contributing to the implementation of treatment methods targeting specific pollutants.展开更多
基金Dalian distinguished young scholars program(2022RJ17)the Dalian excellent young talents program(2023RY037)provided funding for this study.
文摘To efficiently remove radioactive nuclides from nuclear industry wastewater and minimize the generation of radioactive secondary waste,this study proposes the concept of a magnetically controlled microchannel adsorber based on magnetic adsorbents.A novel protocol for achieving high adsorption performance in microchannel adsorbers with periodically distributed particles is developed using the particle-resolved computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method,which addresses the limitations of traditional porous media flow models.To align simulation results more closely with practical scenarios,a typical high-efficiency magnetic adsorbent,magnetic sodium alginate/cobalt-based Prussian blue (M-SA/PB-Co),was synthesized.The M-SA/PB-Co microspheres exhibit a uniform size distribution (300–600 μm),and their Cs^(+) adsorption follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a Langmuir saturated adsorption capacity of 124.84 mg·g^(-1).The performance parameters of M-SA/PB-Co,obtained from characterization and adsorption experiments,were integrated into CFD simulations.CFD results indicate that as the flow velocity increases,the flow field gradually transitions with vortices expanding in scale and streamline bifurcation points shifting rearward.The Cs^(+) concentration decreases progressively along the flow direction,with a more pronounced reduction in the vortex regions downstream of particles.The characteristic velocity and characteristic concentration of specific regions surrounding the particles were extracted based on boundary layer distribution.The amount of concentration reduction of Cs^(+) through particle is positively correlated with the characteristic concentration and negatively correlated with the characteristic velocity.The number of microspheres required in the microchannel adsorber was optimized using the response surface method.Compared with industrial fixed-bed adsorbers,microchannel adsorbers exhibit 8–10 times higher processing capacity,demonstrating significant industrial application potential.
基金supported by Thailand Science Research and Inno-vation(TSRI)Fundamental Fund,fiscal year 2024(TUFF14/2567)by the Research Unit in Bioenergy and Catalysis(Thammasat University)+2 种基金partially supported by Thailand Science Research and Innovation(TSRI)under Project No.180677funded by Hub Talent:Sustainable Materials for Circular Economy,National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)supported by Synchrotron Light Research Institute(SLRI:Beamline 3.2b).
文摘Hydrothermal carbonization(HTC)is a promising techno-economic method for biomass waste valorization owing to its advantages over other thermochemical processes.This study focused on carbon sequestration from sugarcane bioethanol distillery wastewater via HTC and chemical activation to produce activated carbon(AC).The resulting AC was then applied as an active material for supercapacitor electrodes.The introduction of redox molecules,such as 1,4-anthraquinone(AQ)and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone(PQ),on AC increased charge storage capability via redox transformation and enhanced the electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor elec-trode.Electrochemical testing showed that AC loaded with 16 wt%PQ achieved the highest specific capacitance of 488.21 F g^(-1) with remarkable capacitance retention of 95.3% after 1000 charge-discharge cycles.N-doped AC obtained from the HTC of wastewater and melamine presented a slightly enhanced specific capacitance.Various commercial LEDs with a voltage range of 1.8-3.0 V were illuminated simultaneously by connecting them to two series of symmetric supercapacitors,demonstrating the potential application of our proposed strategy in energy storage systems.This study proposes a simple and efficient strategy to utilize wastewater and achieve net-zero emission goals in a Bio-Circular-Green Economy model.
文摘The challenge of wastewater treatment facilities is growing as they strive to enhance compliance strength and minimize energy consumption,chemical usage,downtime,and labor requirements in the face of increasingly variable influent and climate-related disruptions.The use of recent developments in Internet of Things(IoT),artificial intelligence,and robotics enables a transition to a less reactive mode of operation and more closed-loop automation.This review leads to an understanding of the demonstrations of networked sensing and edge data architecture to enhance observability,transform heterogeneous time-series and multimodal data into monitoring,forecasting,and risk intelligent decision knowledge,and extends robotics ability to measure and intervene in hazardous,distributed,or intermittently observed plant environments.We structure the literature on a deployable sense-think-act structure between unit processes,sensing strategies,Artificial Intelligence(AI)tasks,and execution pathways based on supervisory control and robotic operations.The applications of high leverage are evaluated,such as aeration and nutrient removal optimization,chemical dosing and disinfection control,prediction of membrane fouling and cleaning schedules,solids line stabilization,and predictive maintenance of the important assets.In these areas,we highlight aspects of quality of evidence,benchmarking issues,and operational circumstances that will define persistence of reported efficiency improvements after pilots,such as sensor drift and biofouling control,constraint-based control in service of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(SCADA)/Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)systems,cybersecurity-by-design,and model life cycle governance.We bring it to the maturity perspective of resilient,interoperable,and conscientiously independent Wastewater Treatment Plants(WWTPs)with a research requirement of standardized datasets,hybrid digital twins,uncertainty intentional optimization,and adaptive sampling and inspection by robotized techniques.
文摘Water quality is fundamental to water security,ecosystem integrity,and public health.This study assessed the impact of wastewater effluent on the Trichardspruit River,which receives effluent from two wastewater treatment works(WWTWs).Over a 12-month period,water samples were collected across six study sites(S1–S6)to evaluate physicochemical and microbiological parameters relative to national Resource Quality Objectives(RQOs)and Water Use Licence(WUL)limits.One-way ANOVA showed significant(p<0.05)spatial differences for all parameters,and Tukey’s HSD identified the strongest pairwise contrasts at and below the discharge of WWTW-2(S5).Orthophosphate peaked at 7.26 mg/L at S5,and remained elevated at 3.6 mg/L at S6.Chemical oxygen demand reached 92 mg/L at S5,and likewise,EC and major ions(Cl^(−)and SO_(4)^(2−))were higher at S5&S6 than upstream.Microbial contamination exceeded permissible standards throughout the monitoring period,with E.coli counts as high as 7230 CFU/100 mL at S6,indicating a severe public health risk.Overall,WWTW-2(S5)showed a stronger local impact than WWTW-1(S2),while downstream persistence of salts and microbes indicates that dilution alone is insufficient.The study underscores the need for improved sewer system maintenance,infrastructure upgrades,and stricter enforcement of discharge standards to achieve compliance with Water Use Licenses.Enhanced real-time monitoring and implementation of RQOs are essential to safeguard the Trichardspruit River and regional water security.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFC3203403,2022YFC3203401)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.226-2023-00057).
文摘The management and treatment of cabin-washing wastewater has received increasing attention in China.To improve the anaerobic degradation of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene,and xylenes(BTEX) in cabin-washing wastewater,the addition of iron-carbon composite was adopted to enhance the efficiency of anaerobic digestion by facilitating direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET).The preparation of iron-carbon composite was optimized and its effects on BTEX removal and methanogenic performance were then investigated.The results showed that the iron-carbon composite facilitated the hydrolysis and acidification process.The toluene removal rate was improved by 69.9 %,and the cumulative methane yield was enhanced by 90.5 % under the optimized condition of pyrolysis temperature of 600℃,Fe/C mass ratio of 1.0 and dosage of 2.5 g/L.Furthermore,both extracellular electron transfer(EET) and intracellular electron transfer(IET) were found enhanced,and the aromatic compound-degrading bacteria was enriched by iron-carbon composite.The enhanced anaerobic degradation of BTEX by iron-carbon composite provided a novel means for the removal of BTEX from cabin-washing wastewater.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104354)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51674036)+1 种基金Joint Fund for Nuclear Technology Innovation Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chinathe China National Nuclear Corporation(U2067201)。
文摘Comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum(PG)has attracted much attention,especially for the recovery of rare earth elements(REEs)and gypsum due to the issues of stockpile,environmental pollution,and waste of associated resources.Traditional utilization methods suffered the issues of low REEs leaching efficiency,huge amount of CaSO_(4)saturated wastewater and high recovery cost.To solve these issues,this study investigated the occurrence of REEs in PG and the leaching of REEs.The results show that REEs in PG are in the forms of(1)REEs mineral inclusions,(2)REEs isomorphous substitution of Ca^(2+)in gypsum lattice,(3)dispersed soluble REEs salts.Acid leaching results demonstrate that(1)the dissolution of gypsum matrix is the control factor of REEs leaching;(2)H_(2)SO_(4)is a promising leachant considering the recycle of leachate;(3)the gypsum matrix suffers a recrystallization during the acid leaching and releases the soluble REEs from PG to aqueous solution.For the recovery of the undissolved REEs mineral inclusions,wet sieving concentrated 37.1 wt%of the REEs in a 10.7 wt%mass,increasing REEs content from 309 to 1071 ppm.Finally,a green process combining gravity separation and hydrometallurgy is proposed.This process owns the merits of wastewater free,considerable REEs recovery(about 10%increase compared with traditional processes),excellent gypsum purification(>95 wt%CaSO_(4)·2H_(2)O,with<0.06 wt%of soluble P_(2)O_(5) and<0.015 wt%of soluble F)and reagent saving(about 2/3less reagent consumption than non-cyclical leaching).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51709103)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2018JJ3242 and 2021JJ30362)the Science and Technology Innovation Leading Plan of High Tech Industry in Hunan Province(No.2021GK4055).
文摘The global concern surrounding the advancement of methods for treating wastewater and polluted soil has markedly increased over time.While electrochemical advanced oxidation processes(EAOPs)and biotreatments are commonly employed technologies for remediating wastewater and polluted soil,their widespread adoption is hindered by their limitations,which include high costs associated with EAOPs and prolonged remediation time of biotreatments.In the review,we provided an overviewof EAOP technology and biotreatment,emphasizing the critical aspects involved in building a combined system.This review systematically evaluates recent research that combines EAOPswith bioremediation for treating wastewater or contaminated soil as pretreatment or post-treatment process.Research findings suggest that the combined treatment method represents a promising and competitive technology that can overcome some of the limitations of individual treatments.Additionally,we discussed the potential applications of this technology in varying levels of wastewater and soil pollution,as well as the underlying combination mechanisms.
基金supported by the Guangdong Special Support ProgramProject(No.2021JC060580)the Foshan Innovation Team Project(No.2130218003140).
文摘In this study,the effects of different salinity gradients and addition of compatible solutes on anaerobic treated effluent water qualities,sludge characteristics and microbial communities were investigated.The increase in salinity resulted in a decrease in particle size of the granular sludge,which was concentrated in the range of 0.5-1.0 mm.The content of EPS(extracellular polymeric substances)in the granular sludge gradually increased with increasing salinity and the addition of betaine(a typical compatible solute).Meanwhile,the microbial community structure was significantly affected by salinity,with high salinity reducing the diversity of bacteria.At higher salinity,Patescibacteria and Proteobacteria gradually became the dominant phylum,with relative abundance increasing to 13.53%and 12.16%at 20 g/L salinity.Desulfobacterota and its subordinate Desulfovibrio,which secrete EPS in large quantities,dominated significantly after betaine addition.Their relative abundance reached 13.65%and 7.86%at phylum level and genus level.The effect of these changes on the treated effluent was shown as the average chemical oxygen demand(COD)removal rate decreased from 82.10%to 79.71%,78.01%,68.51%and 64.55%when the salinity gradually increased from 2 g/L to 6,10,16 and 20 g/L.At the salinity of 20 g/L,average COD removal increased to 71.65%by the addition of 2 mmol/L betaine.The gradient elevated salinity and the exogenous addition of betaine played an important role in achieving stability of the anaerobic system in a highly saline environment,which provided a feasible strategy for anaerobic treatment of organic saline wastewater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22162025,22168040)the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities,the Open and Innovation Fund of Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory(SK232001)the Regional Innovation Capability Leading Program of Shaanxi(2022QFY07-03,2022QFY07-06).
文摘Electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment technology has emerged as a promising method for environmental remediation.However,the realization of highly efficient and scalable electrocatalytic urea wastewater treatment(SEUWT)is still an enormous challenge.Herein,through regulating the adsorption behavior of urea functional groups,the efficient SEUWT coupled hydrogen production is realized in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE).Density functional theory calculations indicate that self-driven electron transfer at the heterogeneous interface(NiO/Co_(3)O_(4))can induce charge redistribution,resulting in electron-rich NiO and electron-deficient Co_(3)O_(4),which are superior to adsorbing C=O(electron-withdrawing group)and–NH_(2)(electron-donating group),respectively,regulating the adsorption behavior of urea molecule and accelerating the reaction kinetics of urea oxidation.This viewpoint is further verified by temperature-programmed desorption experiments.The SEUWT coupled hydrogen production in AEMWE assembled with NiO/Co_(3)O_(4)(anode)and NiCoP(cathode)can continuously treat urea wastewater at an initial current density of 600 mA cm^(-2),with the average urea treatment efficiency about 53%.Compared with overall water splitting,the H_(2) production rate(8.33 mmol s^(-1))increases by approximately 3.5 times.This work provides a cost-effective strategy for scalable purifying urea-rich wastewater and energy-saving hydrogen production.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Fujian Province(No.2023Y4015)the Marine and Fishery Development Special Fund of Xiamen(No.23YYST064QCB36)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(No.2021J011210).
文摘The removal of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N)and bacteria from aquaculture wastewater holds paramount ecological and production significance.In this study,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalysts were prepared by depositing Pt and RuO_(2)particles onto g-C_(3)N_(4).The physicochemical properties of photocatalysts were explored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrometer(UV–vis DRS).The photocatalysts were then applied to the removal of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from simulated mariculture wastewater.The results clarified that the removals of both NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria were in the sequence of g-C_(3)N_(4)<RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/g-C_(3)N_(4)<Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4).This magnificent photocatalytic ability of Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)can be interpreted by the transfer of holes from g-C_(3)N_(4)to RuO_(2)to facilitate the in situ generation of HClO from Cl^(−)in wastewater,while Pt extracts photogenerated electrons for H_(2)formation to enhance the reaction.The removal of NH_(4)^(+)-N and disinfection effect were more pronounced in simulated seawater than in purewater.The removal efficiency ofNH_(4)^(+)-N increases with an increase in pH of wastewater,while the bactericidal effect was more significant under a lower pH in a pH range of 6–9.In actual seawater aquaculture wastewater,Pt/RuO_(2)/g-C_(3)N_(4)still exhibits effective removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bactericidal performance under sunlight.This study provides an alternative avenue for removement of NH_(4)^(+)-N and bacteria from saline waters under sunlight.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52200228 and 72022004)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC3200205 and 2022YFC3203704).
文摘Reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions to address climate change is a global consensus,and municipal wastewater treatment plants(MWWTPs)should lead the way in low-carbon sustainable development.However,achieving effluent discharge standards often requires considerable energy and chemical consumption during operation,resulting in significant carbon footprints.In this study,GHG emissions are systematically accounted for,and the driving factors of carbon footprint growth in China’s MWWTPs are explored.In 2020,a total of 41.9 million tonnes(Mt)of carbon dioxide equivalent(CO_(2)-eq)were released by the sector,with nearly two-thirds being indirect emissions resulting from energy and material usage.The intensity of electricity,carbon source,and phosphorus removing agent consumption increasingly influence carbon footprint growth over time.Through statistical inference,benchmarks for electricity and chemical consumption intensity are established across all MWWTPs under various operational conditions,and the potential for mitigation through more efficient energy and material utilization is calculated.The results suggest that many MWWTPs offer significant opportunities for emission reduction.Consequently,empirical decarbonization measures,including intelligent device control,optimization of aeration equipment,energy recovery initiatives,and other enhancements to improve operational and carbon efficiency,are recommended.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52150056 and 51838005)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2023A1515111061).
文摘The kitchen-oil wastewater is characterized by a high concentration of organicmatter,complex composition and refractory pollutants,which make wastewater treatment more difficult.Based on the study of using micro-electric field characteristic catalyst HCLL-S8-M to enhance the electron transfer between microorganisms in kitchen-oil wastewater which further improved the COD removal rate,we focus on themicrobial community,intracellular metabolism and extracellular respiration,and make an in-depth analysis of the molecular biological mechanisms to microbial treatment in wastewater.It is found that electroactive microorganisms are enriched on the material surface,and the expression levels of cytochrome c and riboflavin genes related to electron transfer are up-regulated,confirming that the surface micro-electric field structure could enhance the electron transfer between microbial species and improve the efficiency ofwastewater degradation.This study provides a new idea for the treatment of refractory organic wastewater.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grants(2022R1A2C4001228,2022M3H4A4097524,2022M3I3A1082499,and 2021M3I3A1084818)the Technology Innovation Program(20026415)of the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)the supports from Nanopac for fabrication of scaled-up reactor.
文摘Wastewater electrolysis cells(WECs)for decentralized wastewater treatment/reuse coupled with H_(2) production can reduce the carbon footprint associated with transportation of water,waste,and energy carrier.This study reports Ir-doped NiFe_(2)O_(4)(NFI,~5 at%Ir)spinel layer with TiO_(2) overlayer(NFI/TiO_(2)),as a scalable heterojunction anode for direct electrolysis of wastewater with circumneutral pH in a single-compartment cell.In dilute(0.1 M)NaCl solutions,the NFI/TiO_(2) marks superior activity and selectivity for chlorine evolution reaction,outperforming the benchmark IrO_(2).Robust operation in near-neutral pH was confirmed.Electroanalyses including operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy unveiled crucial roles of TiO_(2) which serves both as the primary site for Cl−chemisorption and a protective layer for NFI as an ohmic contact.Galvanostatic electrolysis of NH4+-laden synthetic wastewater demonstrated that NFI/TiO_(2)not only achieves quasi-stoichiometric NH_(4)^(+)-to-N_(2)conversion,but also enhances H_(2)generation efficiency with minimal competing reactions such as reduction of dissolved oxygen and reactive chlorine.The scaled-up WEC with NFI/TiO_(2)was demonstrated for electrolysis of toilet wastewater.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52100093,52270128,and 52261135627)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011734 and 2021B1515120068)+2 种基金the Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Council of the Shen-zhen Government(KCXFZ20211020163556020 and SGDX20230116092359002)the Research Grants Council(17210219)the Innovation and Technology Fund(ITS/242/20FP)of the Hong Kong SAR Government。
文摘The rapidly growing demand for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has aggravated the scarcity of phosphorus(P)reserves on Earth.This study introduces an environmentally friendly and economical method of P recovery from municipal wastewater,providing the P source for LiFePO_(4) cathodes.The novel approach utilizes the sludge of Fe-coagulant-based chemical P removal(CPR)in wastewater treatment.After a sintering treatment with acid washing,the CPR sludge,enriched with P and Fe,transforms into purified P-Fe oxides(Fe2.1P1.0O5.6).These oxides can substitute up to 35%of the FePO_(4) reagent as precursor,producing a carbon-coated LiFePO_(4)(LiFePO_(4)/C)cathode with a specific discharge capacity of 114.9 mA·h·g^(-1)at current density of 17 mA·g^(-1)),and cycle stability of 99.2%after 100 cycles.The enhanced cycle performance of the as-prepared LiFePO_(4)/C cathode may be attributed to the incorporations of impurities(such as Ca^(2+)and Na^(+))from sludge,with improved stability of crystal structure.Unlike conventional P-fertilizers,this P recovery technology converts 100%of P in CPR sludge into the production of value-added LiFePO_(4)/C cathodes.The recovered P from municipal wastewater can meet up to 35%of the P demand in the Chinese LIBs industry,offering a cost-effective solution for addressing the pressing challenges of P scarcity.
文摘Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a bacterial pathogen for humans and animals. These bacteria can resist against many antibiotics and this resistance constitute an alarming worldwide human health threat due to the morbidity and mortality. Phage therapy is one of the alternative treatments. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize lytic phages of S. aureus from different wastewater sources in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Eight strains of S. aureus were isolated from different clinical samples and were used to isolate phages. The isolation and host range of phages were done by the spot test. Phages were purified by the double-layer method. Similar phages after the determination of the host range were characterized using restriction enzymes. A total of 27 phages were obtained after isolation and purification. Nine of the 27 isolates reported a broad host range (≥67%). The results of enzymatic digestion allowed to consider that all phage isolates that presented the same host range and the same genetic fingerprint are the same phage strain;whereas phages that presented the same host range and different genetic fingerprints are different phage strains. Thus, a total of 15 distinct phages isolates specific to S. aureus were characterized. This study highlighted the abundance and lytic capacity of phages isolated from wastewater from Bobo-Dioulasso’s environment against clinical strains of S. aureus. The lytic capacity of these Staphyphages could be an effective alternative tool to combat bacteria multi-resistance.
文摘Constructed Wetlands (CWs) are currently one of the most promising techniques for wastewater treatment, having demonstrated their effectiveness. However, the choice of substrate particle size is critical to the smooth operation of the process, as hydrodynamic constraints require a coarse particle size, whereas wastewater treatment recommends a fine particle size. This study investigates the suitability of laterite and shale as substrates of different sizes (1 - 3, 3 - 5 and 5 - 8 mm) in CWs for domestic wastewater treatment. The study was carried out in an experimental pilot plant consisting of 12 parallelepiped beds (C × C = 0.4 × 0.4 m2;H = 0.6 m) filled from bottom to top with 0.1 m of gravel and 0.4 m of shale or laterite of different grain sizes with two replications. During the six months of operation, plant biomass and stem diameter of Pennisetum purpureum used as vegetation in the CWs were determined. Raw and treated water were also sampled and analyzed for pollutants, including chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total Kjedahl nitrogen (TKN), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS), using International Organization for Standardization (ISO) analytical methods. P. purpureum developed much better in the CW beds lined with shale;plant biomass ranged from 13.8 to 14.7 kg/m2 and from 11.2 to 12.5 kg/m2 in the beds lined with shale and laterite, respectively, as did stump diameter, which ranged from 15.5 to 16.1 cm and from 11.10 to 12.7 cm, respectively. However, the highest values for biomass and stump diameter for each material were obtained in the beds lined with 1 - 3 mm geomaterials. Pollutant removal efficiencies were highest in the CWs lined with laterite and shale of 1 - 3 mm grain size (76.9% - 83% COD, 78% - 84.7% BOD5, 55.5% - 72.2% TKN, 58.4% - 72.4% TP, 78.1% - 80.2% TSS), with the highest values recorded in the shale-lined beds. However, the 3 - 5 mm grain size of both materials provided quality filtrates (140 - 174 mg/L COD, 78.5 - 94.8 mg/L BOD5, 4.6 - 5.7 mg/L TP) in line with local wastewater discharge levels. This size of geomaterials appears to be suitable for optimization purposes, although further work with these materials, such as increasing the depth of the wetland, is required to improve the level of NTK and TSS discharge.
文摘The development of Indonesia’s New Capital City(Ibu Kota Negara(IKN))does not only offer opportunities but also faces uncertainties.One of these concerns is wastewater management,in terms of volume,location,and treatment facilities.To evaluate how the city might be able to manage this,this study starts with a theoretical evaluation of which wastewater management principles are crucial.Then the empirical study evaluates where and how the current infrastructure of the IKN could manage the wastewater and assesses-based on spatial scenarios-if the current wastewater management plans for the IKN are adequate.A Geographic Information System(GIS)-based analysis assesses the suitability of current wastewater treatment locations and develops scenarios for the best possible infrastructure extensions.The analysis yields that the most suitable sites for wastewater treatment primarily depend on existing topography and on land use changes due to future migration.As the latter is largely unknown,it requires expert assessments on deciding where to set up and/or expand the wastewater management system(WWMS),and how to manage it economically and socio-culturally.The assessments are compared to how the IKN authority aims for“Circular and Resilient”WWMS,which differs fromconventional wastewater treatment plants.The comparison proves that it is necessary to tailor a WWMS to how and where IKN may develop.The early findings necessitate,however,further monitoring of spatial expansion and further research in smart city designs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21706153,52270078)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2018JQ2066,2022JM065)。
文摘Boron-doped diamond(BDD)is a well-known anode material with a high pollutant degradation ability for electrochemical oxidation wastewater treatment.Nevertheless,the cost of production and mechanical strength of BDD membranes remain unsatisfactory.Magnetic BDD particles derived from industrial waste may represent a promising alternative to BDD membranes,although the challenge remains in assembling these particles into a usable electrode.In this study,magnetic BDD particles were attracted to a Ti/RuO_(2)-IrO_(2)electrode using a magnet,thus constituting a novel 2.5-dimensional(2.5D)electrode.To ascertain the structure-activity relationship of the novel electrode,essential characterizations,multi-physics simulations,pollutant degradation and electrosynthesis experiments were conducted.The results indicate that an appropriate quantity of BDD particles(0.1 g/cm^(2))can enhance the number of active sites by approximately 20%.A strong synergistic effect was observed between the Ti/Ti/RuO_(2)-IrO_(2)and BDD particles in the degradation of various pollutants,including azo dye,p-benzoquinone,succinic acid and four kinds of real wastewaters,as well as glycerol conversion.The joint active sites on the interface between Ti/RuO_(2)-IrO_(2)and BDD particles,as well as the inner active sites on BDD particles,have been identified as crucial in the mineralization of pollutants and the generation of value-added products.The optimal amount of BDD particles(0.1 g/cm^(2))is sufficient to preserve the joint active sites and to maintain an adequate polarization on the BDD particles.Nevertheless,the hybrid feature of the 2.5D electrode is diminished when a greater quantity of BDD particles(0.3 g/cm^(2))is loaded.
文摘Under conditions of increased pollution of water resources,the search for effective and environmentally safe methods of wastewater treatment becomes an urgent task.As noted by many researchers Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana have great potential for biological treatment of wastewater.The present study is devoted to the biological treatment of municipal wastewater of Osh city(Kyrgyzstan)using aquatic plants Lemna minor L.and Azolla caroliniana Willd.Experiments were conducted in concrete basins of treatment facilities.The area of each pool was 1 m^(2),depth 30–45 cm.The temperature of nutrient media ranged from 20 to 35℃,pH from 6.1 to 8.7,and light intensity from 284 to 360 W/m^(2)FAR.The results showed that the cultivation of Lemna minor resulted in the oxygenation of wastewater and,a significant reduction of pollutants and pathogens.At the same time,the use of Azolla caroliniana provided a significant improvement in the physicochemical characteristics of water-reduction of BOD_(5)to 4.3 mgO_(2)/L,disappearance of all forms of nitrogen,as well as improvement of transparency and elimination of unpleasant odor.Thus,both plants showed high potential as biological treatment agents.The obtained data confirm the prospect of their application for a sustainable water treatment system in the conditions of southern regions of Kyrgyzstan.
文摘Wastewater plays a crucial role in deteriorating water quality and can significantly affect human health and ecosystems if discharged without proper treatment.Among available treatment methods,adsorption is often considered an effective,relatively inexpensive,and environmentally friendly purification technique,but its efficiency depends on the sorbents used.The use of low-cost biosorbents with high adsorption capacity is widely studied.These include various biomaterials such as microalgae,cyanobacteria,fungi,and plant materials.The utilization of different biosorbents derived from plant waste,such as Paulownia wood,aspen,hickory,Ziziphus bark,peach tree shavings,as well as grasses such as red fescue and reed,and Sargassum algae in natural and modified forms,is a crucial research direction.Such studies highlight the potential to address waste issues by repurposing it as biosorbents.Several studies have examined the ability of different biosorbents to treat wastewater and suggested that the physicochemical properties of the material's surface,such as specific surface area,pore size,and pore volume,play a decisive role in adsorption capacity.A quantitative analysis of plant-based biosorbents will significantly aid in developing water treatment systems and achieving optimal adsorption through modifications of their physicochemical properties.Furthermore,the analysis will help understand the relative importance of each physicochemical property in determining adsorption capacity,thereby contributing to the implementation of treatment methods targeting specific pollutants.
