A comprehensive analysis was performed on 30 healthy female participants to assess the impact of fragranced body washes on mood improvement.The study examined their objective electroencephalographic (EEG) changes and ...A comprehensive analysis was performed on 30 healthy female participants to assess the impact of fragranced body washes on mood improvement.The study examined their objective electroencephalographic (EEG) changes and subjective feedback before and after using the fragranced products.The results showed that both the alpha and theta band activities of the participants increased significantly after using body washes,especially in the occipito-parietal and frontal area of brain,indicating that their brains were at a higher level of stability and relaxation.Meanwhile,in terms of subjective evaluation,the participants’ subjective feelings such as calmness,relaxation,tranquility,and calmness were significantly enhanced.This study has revealed the efficacy of fragranced products in improving mood and is expected to provide support for the development and application of fragranced products.展开更多
AIM： To establish a more sensitive method for detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes from gastric cancer patients during surgery and to evaluate its clinical significance. METHODS： The carcinoembryonic ...AIM： To establish a more sensitive method for detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes from gastric cancer patients during surgery and to evaluate its clinical significance. METHODS： The carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） mRNA levels in peritoneal washes from 65 cases of gastric cancer were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Peritoneal lavage cytology （PLC） was applied simultaneously to detection of free cancer cells. Negative controls included peritoneal washes from 5 cases of benign gastric disease and blood samples from 5 adult healthy volunteers. RESULTS： There was no CEA mRNA in peritoneal washes from benign gastric disease patients and in blood of adult healthy volunteers. The positive percentage of free cancer cells detected by real-time RT-PCR was 47.7% and only 22.3% by PLC. The positive rate of CEA mRNA was significantly related with serosa invasion between peritoneal metastasis and stage of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION： Real-time RT-PCR is a sensitive and rapid method for the detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes. The presence of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes is related to the Pathologic stage of gastric cancer.展开更多
Take care of your hair to help it stay clean,strong and healthy.Wash your hair when it gets dirty,but not too often.For most people,that means every two to three days.People with oily hair wash it every one to two day...Take care of your hair to help it stay clean,strong and healthy.Wash your hair when it gets dirty,but not too often.For most people,that means every two to three days.People with oily hair wash it every one to two days.Use a brush or comb to keep your hair neat and smooth.It's also important to be gentle so you don't pull or break your hair.Never go to bed with wet hair.It can break easily when you sleep.Dry it before bed!展开更多
In the red corner, Aristotle. In the blue corner, Buddha.It’s the fight of the century, and it’s a grudge match. "Fuzzy theory is wrong, wrong, and pernicious. What we need is more logical thinking, not less,&q...In the red corner, Aristotle. In the blue corner, Buddha.It’s the fight of the century, and it’s a grudge match. "Fuzzy theory is wrong, wrong, and pernicious. What we need is more logical thinking, not less," fulminates Professor William Kahan of Berkeley. "Fuzzy logic is the cocaine of science. "展开更多
Biogas production from Sargassum muticum,an invasive seaweed species to Europe,is hampered by low methane(CH_(4))yields during anaerobic digestion(AD),but causes are unclear.This research is the first to demonstrate t...Biogas production from Sargassum muticum,an invasive seaweed species to Europe,is hampered by low methane(CH_(4))yields during anaerobic digestion(AD),but causes are unclear.This research is the first to demonstrate the impact of extensive freshwater washing of spring-and summer-harvested S.muticum on the CH_(4)production rates and the biochemical methane potential(BMP).The findings reveal that the rate profile of CH_(4)production is affected by extensively washing the seaweed and is dependent on seasonality.Spring-harvested S.muticum had higher initial CH_(4)production rates compared to summer-harvested S.muticum.For spring-harvested S.muticum,the initial rate of CH_(4)production was lowered by extensive washing.In contrast,extensively washed summer-harvested S.muticum had a higher degradation rate and CH_(4)production rate relative to its non-extensively washed counterpart.The highest CH_(4)potentials accumulated by the treated and non-treated S.muticum are,however,statistically similar and not influenced by seasonality or extensive washing(p>0.05).Potential causes for differences in the rate of CH_(4)production between summer-and spring-harvested S.muticum are discussed.The differences in CH_(4)production from treated summer-and spring-harvested S.muticum acts as a stepping stone to understanding the causes for low CH_(4)yields,which could allow for further enhancements in CH_(4)production from S.muticum.展开更多
Parents play a very important role in our lives.They not only give us life,but also help us grow into responsible persons.There is no doubt that we should respect our parents.Firstly,we should communicate with them mo...Parents play a very important role in our lives.They not only give us life,but also help us grow into responsible persons.There is no doubt that we should respect our parents.Firstly,we should communicate with them more often,and share our joys and sorrows with them.Secondly,we can show our respect by doing small daily things.For example,we can help with housework.Simple things like washing dishes or taking out the rubbish can show our love.More importantly,we should work hard and take good care of ourselves.展开更多
I had a pleasant Sunday last week.In the morning,I got up late and then began to do my homework.I spent nearly two hours on my homework.Next,I had fun watching a TV show.When my mom was cooking lunch,I cleaned the hou...I had a pleasant Sunday last week.In the morning,I got up late and then began to do my homework.I spent nearly two hours on my homework.Next,I had fun watching a TV show.When my mom was cooking lunch,I cleaned the house and washed my clothes.In the afternoon,I played table tennis happily with my best friend Kou Yu.展开更多
1 On December 26,2024,a remarkable act of heroism took place at Poospatuck Creek.Kayla Masotto,a 28⁃year⁃old resident of Mastic,Long Island,stepped into the role of a life⁃saver when she witnessed a man fall through t...1 On December 26,2024,a remarkable act of heroism took place at Poospatuck Creek.Kayla Masotto,a 28⁃year⁃old resident of Mastic,Long Island,stepped into the role of a life⁃saver when she witnessed a man fall through the ice on the lake.2 At about 6 pm,Kayla was washing vegetables in the kitchen when her attention was suddenly caught by a boy skating alone on the lake.In a split second,she witnessed the ice beneath him break,and the boy fell into the water.Without any hesitation,Kayla immediately grabbed her paddleboard(桨叶式冲浪板)and ran across her backyard,reaching the edge of the lake in seconds.展开更多
Red mud(RM) is an industrial solid waste produced during the extraction of alumina from bauxite.The strong alkaline and heavy metal leaching issues are the primary factors limiting its utilization.This paper proposes ...Red mud(RM) is an industrial solid waste produced during the extraction of alumina from bauxite.The strong alkaline and heavy metal leaching issues are the primary factors limiting its utilization.This paper proposes a method for dealkalization and chromium(Cr) removal by repeated freeze and thaw to enhance the comprehensive utilization rate of RM.This study focused on the Bayer RM and investigated the effects of freeze-thaw(FT)-acid washing(AW) for dealkalization and Cr removal.The variables were the eluent concentration and FT cycles.The results showed that the synergistic action of FT-AW significantly improved the efficiency of dealkalization and Cr removal.After five FT cycles with 0.5 mol/L oxalic acid,the dealkalization and Cr removal rates reached 97.5% and 65.38%,respectively,16.1% and 7.40% higher than those achieved at room temperature.The repeated FT disrupted the structure of the RM particles,leading to an increase in the pore space between the soil particles.This enables complete eluent contact and reaction with Cr and alkali,thereby enhancing the removal rate.The FT-AW process is suitable for practical engineering applications.It offers a novel method for RM dealkalization and Cr removal by using the FT alternation phenomena in seasonally frozen regions.展开更多
Background:Healthcare-associated infections continue to pose a significant threat to patient safety,and hand hygiene practices remain an effective preventive measure.Despite global campaigns,nurse compliance often rem...Background:Healthcare-associated infections continue to pose a significant threat to patient safety,and hand hygiene practices remain an effective preventive measure.Despite global campaigns,nurse compliance often remains substandard.Previous research has focused on technical and environmental factors;however,the influence of internal psychological aspects,such as self-leadership,has been rarely studied,particularly in Indonesia.Increasing compliance depends not only on external interventions but also on empowering nurses’motivation and self-regulation.Objective:This study aims to determine the relationship between self-leadership and hand hygiene compliance among inpatient nurses.Materials and Methods:A quantitative correlational design with a total sample of 88 nurses was used.Self-leadership was measured using the Abbreviated Self-Leadership Questionnaire,and compliance was assessed through direct observation based on the World Health Organization“5 Moments for Hand Hygiene”guidelines.Data analysis was conducted descriptively and using the Chi-square test.Results:The results showed that 54.5%of nurses had high self-leadership,but only 29.5%were compliant with hand hygiene procedures.The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between self-leadership and compliance(χ^(2)=7.453;P=0.006).Conclusion:Higher self-leadership correlates with better compliance;however,low overall compliance indicates an intention-behaviour gap.Therefore,integrating self-leadership training with organisational support is necessary to strengthen the patient safety culture.展开更多
This study explores green and low-viscosity deep eutectic solvents(DESs) for the efficient extraction of quinoline(QUI) from wash oil.The hydrogen bond donors and acceptors constituting DESs were initially screened ba...This study explores green and low-viscosity deep eutectic solvents(DESs) for the efficient extraction of quinoline(QUI) from wash oil.The hydrogen bond donors and acceptors constituting DESs were initially screened based on thermodynamic properties predicted by the conductor-like screening model for real solvents(COSMO-RS),followed by further selection considering the viscosity and cost of the formed DESs.Phase equilibrium experiments showed that the DES composed of triethylmethylammonium chloride and formic acid exhibited the best extraction performance among the selected candidates.Key extraction parameters were optimized experimentally,achieving a maximum QUI extraction efficiency of 97.18% under mild conditions.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the interactions between quaternary ammonium cations and QUI play a crucial role in the extraction mechanism.This study provides insights into the use of DESs for QUI extraction and demonstrates their potential for application to other coal tar derivatives.展开更多
The contact between contaminant and washing solution is a fundamental factor that limits the contaminant removal efficiency of chemical washing.In this study,the magnetization technique was employed to improve the phy...The contact between contaminant and washing solution is a fundamental factor that limits the contaminant removal efficiency of chemical washing.In this study,the magnetization technique was employed to improve the physicochemical properties of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)solutions for the removal of lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)from a contaminated clayey soil.Furthermore,EDTA concentration,magnetization strength,and magnetization time were varied as parameters for enhancing the contact between contaminant and washing solution to improve remediation efficiency.The results showed that after magnetization,the viscosities,surface tensions,and contact angles of EDTA solutions decreased,whereas the electrical conductivity and pH increased.In particular,the viscosities of high-concentration EDTA solutions increased with increasing magnetic field strength and magnetization time.The magnetized EDTA solutions increased the maximum removal rates of Cd and Pb by 64.46% and 35.49%,respectively,compared to the unmagnetized EDTA solutions.The results highlighted the efficient metal removal by magnetized washing solutions due to the better contact between the washing solutions and the contaminants.The magnetic-enhanced soil washing method was proven to be efficient,cost-effective,and easily implementable for enhancing heavy metal removal.This study provides a valuable reference for improving the efficiency of chemical washing for heavy metal-contaminated clayey soils.展开更多
Background: Chemotherapy induced mucositis is one of the deterring factors influencing adherence to cancer treatment. Sodium bicarbonate mouth wash was recently shown to increase patients’ compliance. However, the co...Background: Chemotherapy induced mucositis is one of the deterring factors influencing adherence to cancer treatment. Sodium bicarbonate mouth wash was recently shown to increase patients’ compliance. However, the cost implication of this strategy was never explored. Aim: This study is designed to explore the compounding of sodium bicarbonate 2% mouth wash from sodium bicarbonate powder USP and commercially procured intravenous solution, and to determine the estimated cost implication for patients using this strategy. Materials and Methods: Sodium bicarbonate 2% were compounded using commercially procured sterile intravenous 8.4% solution and powder USP, diluted and dissolved in sterile water for irrigation respectively. The estimated cost savings between the 2 methods were compared to each other as well as to savings from when used in preventing or in adjuvant therapy for chemotherapy induced mucositis. Ethical approval not required by UVA Institutional Review Board. Study conducted according to the International Standards of Good Practice. Result: We came up with a new recipe, sodium bicarbonate 2% mouth wash using commercially procured sterile liquid formulation. Due to shortage, we compounded with sodium bicarbonate powder USP. Using USP 795 regulation, we assigned 14 days beyond use date with refrigeration to these formulations. These formulations resulted in estimated cost savings of $3597.52 and $3686.56 respectively if patients were to be treated for chemotherapy induced mucositis for 21 days. When compared to commercially procured sterile liquid formulation, the use of powder USP, will lead to additional estimated 60 to 66.67% savings for patients. Conclusion: By using sodium bicarbonate powder or solution to compound a 2% mouth wash, we came up with a cheap product that could be used by patients in the moment in the hospital. We were also able to suggest ways that an estimated cost savings for patients undergoing cancer treatment that use this product can be computed.展开更多
Herein,a new method was developed for efficient and lasting fluorescent whitening cotton fabric by synthesizing and using a vinyl-containing fluorescent whitening agent to covalently grafting onto fiber surfaces with ...Herein,a new method was developed for efficient and lasting fluorescent whitening cotton fabric by synthesizing and using a vinyl-containing fluorescent whitening agent to covalently grafting onto fiber surfaces with the assistance of electron beam irradiation.The results from FT-IR spectroscopic,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic,and energy dispersive spectrometric analyses showed that the fluorescent whitening agent was successfully anchored on cotton fiber via radiation-induced grafting copolymerization.The optimized whiteness value at 110.81(that of raw cotton fabric,74.50)was achieved using just 0.3 wt% fluorescent whitening agent.Notably,the whiteness value of the treated cotton fabric remained 110+even after 100 equivalent home-washing cycles,substantiating its excellent washing durability.Skin stimulation experiments on rabbits showed that the primary stimulation index of all experimental groups was 0 and no abnormal clinical symptoms were found in all tested rabbits,demonstrating the outstanding skin safety.Furthermore,energy generated by irradiation grafting technology was much lower than that of traditional processes and water consumption greatly reduced.Even the effluent from this process completely met the discharge standard of industrial wastewater without any treatment.This study explores a new method for textile finishing via electron beam irradiation,providing a green and sustainable perspective for the textile industry.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the use of the classical Chinese medicine formula Sihu Powder modified decoction for postoperative fumigation and sitz bath in patients with perianal abscess,aiming to promote wound healing ...[Objectives]To investigate the use of the classical Chinese medicine formula Sihu Powder modified decoction for postoperative fumigation and sitz bath in patients with perianal abscess,aiming to promote wound healing and reduce medical burden.[Methods]An observational cohort study was conducted,selecting 200 patients with perianal abscess who underwent surgery in Shenzhen Guangming District People's Hospital.They were randomly divided into a treatment group and an observation group,with 100 cases in each group.Both groups followed the same surgical and antibiotic treatment principles.Starting from the first postoperative day,the treatment group received fumigation and sitz bath with modified Sihu Powder for decoction twice daily;the observation group used Compound Huangbai Liquid for fumigation and sitz bath twice daily.Indicators including pain score,wound secretion score,wound granulation tissue growth score,multidrug-resistant bacterial infection clearance rate,antibiotic usage days,and wound healing rate were observed in both groups 7,14 and 21 d after operation.[Results]On postoperative day 7,the differences in postoperative pain score,wound secretions,and multidrug-resistant bacterial clearance rate between the treatment group and the observation group were statistically significant.On postoperative day 14,the differences between the two groups were significant in indicators including pain score,wound secretions,wound granulation tissue growth,multidrug-resistant bacterial clearance rate,and wound healing rate.On postoperative day 21,the difference in wound healing rate between the two groups was significant;furthermore,the antibiotic usage days in the treatment group were significantly fewer than those in the observation group.[Conclusions]Modified Sihu Powder for fumigation and washing can effectively alleviate postoperative pain in perianal abscess patients,inhibit the colonization and infection of multidrug-resistant bacteria at the wound site,accelerate wound healing,reduce antibiotic usage intensity and medical burden.It possesses advantages such as being economical,effective,safe,and easy to operate,making it worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
Wash trading in decentralized markets remains a significant concern magnified by the pseudonymous and public nature of blockchains.In this paper,we introduce an innovative methodology designed to detect wash-trading a...Wash trading in decentralized markets remains a significant concern magnified by the pseudonymous and public nature of blockchains.In this paper,we introduce an innovative methodology designed to detect wash-trading activities beyond surface-level transactions.Our approach integrates NFT ownership traces with the Ethereum Transaction Network,encompassing the complete historical record of all Ethereum-account normal transactions.By analyzing both networks,our method offers a notable advancement over techniques proposed in existing research.We analyzed the wash-trading activity of 7 notable NFT collections.Our results show that wash trading in unregulated NFT markets is an underestimated concern and is much more widespread in terms of both frequency and volume.Excluding the Meebits collection,which emerged as an outlier,wash trading constitutes up to 24%of the total trading volume.Specifically,for the Meebits collection,93%of the total trade volume was attributed to wash trading.展开更多
The nine typical Shanghai soils are usually silty clay or clay,which appears inconsistent with their low clay content in the relevant publications.The literature review shows that the documented clay content of Shangh...The nine typical Shanghai soils are usually silty clay or clay,which appears inconsistent with their low clay content in the relevant publications.The literature review shows that the documented clay content of Shanghai soils ranges from 0%to 30.8%by weight.This inconsistency may stem from two factors:(1)the Shanghai soil classification system relies solely on the plasticity index for soil naming;and(2)the conventional steel sieving method cannot separate the clay from the fine soils(clay and silt mixtures).This paper aims to accurately determine the clay content in Shanghai soils.It uses nylon cloth sieves with apertures ranging from 0.063 mm to 0.0008 mm and completely separates the clay particles from the fine soils.The nine typical Shanghai soils are tested and sieved into distinct subgroups of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.Results demonstrate clay content ranges from 18.99%to 79.33%,substantially higher than literature values and consistent with their names of either silty clay or clay.Macro,micro,and scanning electron microscope(SEM)images reveal effective separation of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.The clay exhibits cohesive properties,while the silt,sand,and gravel comprise clean,non-cohesive individual particles.The clay and silt fractions are confirmed to be within their respective sieving limits by SEM-based particle size measurements.Additionally,Atterberg limits testing highlights the high plasticity of the clay particles and the non-plastic nature of the silt particles.展开更多
A growing global demand exists to formulate plans to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions produced by agricultural activities.The purpose of this study was to uncovered the changes in soil CO_(2)fluxes under varying sc...A growing global demand exists to formulate plans to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions produced by agricultural activities.The purpose of this study was to uncovered the changes in soil CO_(2)fluxes under varying scenarios including nitrogen fertilization rates,irrigation rates,and air temperatures in the Hetao Irrigation District(HID)over the 38-year period.DAYCENT model was used to predict carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fluxes from cultivated soils in the HID,Inner Mongolia from^(2)023 to 2060(the year of achieving the"carbon neutrality"goal)in this study.Results showed that mean soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field[1035.13 g/(m^(2).yr)]were significantly lower than those in the maize field[1405.54 g/(m^(2).yr)].An increase in nitrogen fertilization rate led to a significant escalation in soil CO_(2)fluxes.Moreover,elevating irrigation rates for washing salts by irrigation(WSBI)diminished soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field while amplifying them in the maize field.A rise in air temperature resulted in an increase in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the maize field,with annual increases observed,but a reduction in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the sunflower field.The sunflower fields in the HID have a more substantial advantage than the corn fields in mitigating soil CO_(2)emissions.展开更多
The sulfur phase in high sulfur-containing bauxite was studied by an X-ray diffraction analysis and a chemistry quantitative analysis.The methods for the removal of different shaped sulfur were also discussed.The resu...The sulfur phase in high sulfur-containing bauxite was studied by an X-ray diffraction analysis and a chemistry quantitative analysis.The methods for the removal of different shaped sulfur were also discussed.The results show that sulfur phases in high sulfur-containing bauxites exist in the main form of sulfide sulfur （pyrite） or sulfate sulfur,and the main sulfur forms of bauxites from different regions are not the same.Through a combination of an X-ray diffraction analysis and a chemistry quantitative analysis,the sulfur phases of high sulfur-containing bauxite could be accurately investigated.Deciding the main sulfur form of high sulfur-containing bauxite could provide theoretical instruction for choosing methods for the removal of sulfur from bauxite,and an oxidizing-roasting process is an effective way to remove sulfide sulfur from high sulfur-containing bauxite,the content of S^2-in crude ore in the digestion liquor is above 1.7 g/L,but in the roasted ore digestion liquor,it is below 0.18 g/L.Using the sodium carbonate solution washing technology to wash bauxite can effectively remove sulfate sulfur,the content of the total sulfur in ore is lowered to below 0.2% and can meet the production requirements for the sulfur content.展开更多
To recover titanium from tionite, a new process consisting of NaOH hydrothermal conversion, water washing, and H2SO4 leaching for TiO2 preparation was developed. The experimental results show that under the optimum ...To recover titanium from tionite, a new process consisting of NaOH hydrothermal conversion, water washing, and H2SO4 leaching for TiO2 preparation was developed. The experimental results show that under the optimum hydrothermal conversion conditions, i.e., 50% NaOH （mass fraction） solution, NaOH/tionite mass ratio of 4：1, reaction temperature of 240 ℃reaction time of 1 h and oxygen partial pressure of 0.25 MPa, the titanium was mainly converted into Na2TiO3, and the conversion was 97.2%. The unwanted product Na2TiSiO5 remained stable in water washing, and its formation was prevented by improving NaOH concentration. In water washing process, about 97.6% of Na＋ could be recycled by washing the hydrothermal product. The NaOH solutions could be reused after concentration. 96.7% of titanium in the washed product was easily leached in H2SO4 solution at low temperatures, forming titanyl sulfate solution to further prepare TiO2.展开更多
文摘A comprehensive analysis was performed on 30 healthy female participants to assess the impact of fragranced body washes on mood improvement.The study examined their objective electroencephalographic (EEG) changes and subjective feedback before and after using the fragranced products.The results showed that both the alpha and theta band activities of the participants increased significantly after using body washes,especially in the occipito-parietal and frontal area of brain,indicating that their brains were at a higher level of stability and relaxation.Meanwhile,in terms of subjective evaluation,the participants’ subjective feelings such as calmness,relaxation,tranquility,and calmness were significantly enhanced.This study has revealed the efficacy of fragranced products in improving mood and is expected to provide support for the development and application of fragranced products.
文摘AIM： To establish a more sensitive method for detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes from gastric cancer patients during surgery and to evaluate its clinical significance. METHODS： The carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA） mRNA levels in peritoneal washes from 65 cases of gastric cancer were detected by real-time RT-PCR. Peritoneal lavage cytology （PLC） was applied simultaneously to detection of free cancer cells. Negative controls included peritoneal washes from 5 cases of benign gastric disease and blood samples from 5 adult healthy volunteers. RESULTS： There was no CEA mRNA in peritoneal washes from benign gastric disease patients and in blood of adult healthy volunteers. The positive percentage of free cancer cells detected by real-time RT-PCR was 47.7% and only 22.3% by PLC. The positive rate of CEA mRNA was significantly related with serosa invasion between peritoneal metastasis and stage of gastric cancer. CONCLUSION： Real-time RT-PCR is a sensitive and rapid method for the detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes. The presence of free cancer cells in peritoneal washes is related to the Pathologic stage of gastric cancer.
文摘Take care of your hair to help it stay clean,strong and healthy.Wash your hair when it gets dirty,but not too often.For most people,that means every two to three days.People with oily hair wash it every one to two days.Use a brush or comb to keep your hair neat and smooth.It's also important to be gentle so you don't pull or break your hair.Never go to bed with wet hair.It can break easily when you sleep.Dry it before bed!
文摘In the red corner, Aristotle. In the blue corner, Buddha.It’s the fight of the century, and it’s a grudge match. "Fuzzy theory is wrong, wrong, and pernicious. What we need is more logical thinking, not less," fulminates Professor William Kahan of Berkeley. "Fuzzy logic is the cocaine of science. "
文摘Biogas production from Sargassum muticum,an invasive seaweed species to Europe,is hampered by low methane(CH_(4))yields during anaerobic digestion(AD),but causes are unclear.This research is the first to demonstrate the impact of extensive freshwater washing of spring-and summer-harvested S.muticum on the CH_(4)production rates and the biochemical methane potential(BMP).The findings reveal that the rate profile of CH_(4)production is affected by extensively washing the seaweed and is dependent on seasonality.Spring-harvested S.muticum had higher initial CH_(4)production rates compared to summer-harvested S.muticum.For spring-harvested S.muticum,the initial rate of CH_(4)production was lowered by extensive washing.In contrast,extensively washed summer-harvested S.muticum had a higher degradation rate and CH_(4)production rate relative to its non-extensively washed counterpart.The highest CH_(4)potentials accumulated by the treated and non-treated S.muticum are,however,statistically similar and not influenced by seasonality or extensive washing(p>0.05).Potential causes for differences in the rate of CH_(4)production between summer-and spring-harvested S.muticum are discussed.The differences in CH_(4)production from treated summer-and spring-harvested S.muticum acts as a stepping stone to understanding the causes for low CH_(4)yields,which could allow for further enhancements in CH_(4)production from S.muticum.
文摘Parents play a very important role in our lives.They not only give us life,but also help us grow into responsible persons.There is no doubt that we should respect our parents.Firstly,we should communicate with them more often,and share our joys and sorrows with them.Secondly,we can show our respect by doing small daily things.For example,we can help with housework.Simple things like washing dishes or taking out the rubbish can show our love.More importantly,we should work hard and take good care of ourselves.
文摘I had a pleasant Sunday last week.In the morning,I got up late and then began to do my homework.I spent nearly two hours on my homework.Next,I had fun watching a TV show.When my mom was cooking lunch,I cleaned the house and washed my clothes.In the afternoon,I played table tennis happily with my best friend Kou Yu.
文摘1 On December 26,2024,a remarkable act of heroism took place at Poospatuck Creek.Kayla Masotto,a 28⁃year⁃old resident of Mastic,Long Island,stepped into the role of a life⁃saver when she witnessed a man fall through the ice on the lake.2 At about 6 pm,Kayla was washing vegetables in the kitchen when her attention was suddenly caught by a boy skating alone on the lake.In a split second,she witnessed the ice beneath him break,and the boy fell into the water.Without any hesitation,Kayla immediately grabbed her paddleboard(桨叶式冲浪板)and ran across her backyard,reaching the edge of the lake in seconds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U2004181)State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering (No. SKLFSE20191702)+2 种基金the key scientific and technological project of Henan Province (222102320226)Basic research expenses of Henan Polytechnic University (NSFRF230424)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (242300421650)。
文摘Red mud(RM) is an industrial solid waste produced during the extraction of alumina from bauxite.The strong alkaline and heavy metal leaching issues are the primary factors limiting its utilization.This paper proposes a method for dealkalization and chromium(Cr) removal by repeated freeze and thaw to enhance the comprehensive utilization rate of RM.This study focused on the Bayer RM and investigated the effects of freeze-thaw(FT)-acid washing(AW) for dealkalization and Cr removal.The variables were the eluent concentration and FT cycles.The results showed that the synergistic action of FT-AW significantly improved the efficiency of dealkalization and Cr removal.After five FT cycles with 0.5 mol/L oxalic acid,the dealkalization and Cr removal rates reached 97.5% and 65.38%,respectively,16.1% and 7.40% higher than those achieved at room temperature.The repeated FT disrupted the structure of the RM particles,leading to an increase in the pore space between the soil particles.This enables complete eluent contact and reaction with Cr and alkali,thereby enhancing the removal rate.The FT-AW process is suitable for practical engineering applications.It offers a novel method for RM dealkalization and Cr removal by using the FT alternation phenomena in seasonally frozen regions.
文摘Background:Healthcare-associated infections continue to pose a significant threat to patient safety,and hand hygiene practices remain an effective preventive measure.Despite global campaigns,nurse compliance often remains substandard.Previous research has focused on technical and environmental factors;however,the influence of internal psychological aspects,such as self-leadership,has been rarely studied,particularly in Indonesia.Increasing compliance depends not only on external interventions but also on empowering nurses’motivation and self-regulation.Objective:This study aims to determine the relationship between self-leadership and hand hygiene compliance among inpatient nurses.Materials and Methods:A quantitative correlational design with a total sample of 88 nurses was used.Self-leadership was measured using the Abbreviated Self-Leadership Questionnaire,and compliance was assessed through direct observation based on the World Health Organization“5 Moments for Hand Hygiene”guidelines.Data analysis was conducted descriptively and using the Chi-square test.Results:The results showed that 54.5%of nurses had high self-leadership,but only 29.5%were compliant with hand hygiene procedures.The Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between self-leadership and compliance(χ^(2)=7.453;P=0.006).Conclusion:Higher self-leadership correlates with better compliance;however,low overall compliance indicates an intention-behaviour gap.Therefore,integrating self-leadership training with organisational support is necessary to strengthen the patient safety culture.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (20210302123167)National Key Research and Development Program (2022YFC3902505)。
文摘This study explores green and low-viscosity deep eutectic solvents(DESs) for the efficient extraction of quinoline(QUI) from wash oil.The hydrogen bond donors and acceptors constituting DESs were initially screened based on thermodynamic properties predicted by the conductor-like screening model for real solvents(COSMO-RS),followed by further selection considering the viscosity and cost of the formed DESs.Phase equilibrium experiments showed that the DES composed of triethylmethylammonium chloride and formic acid exhibited the best extraction performance among the selected candidates.Key extraction parameters were optimized experimentally,achieving a maximum QUI extraction efficiency of 97.18% under mild conditions.Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the interactions between quaternary ammonium cations and QUI play a crucial role in the extraction mechanism.This study provides insights into the use of DESs for QUI extraction and demonstrates their potential for application to other coal tar derivatives.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42471155,U2004181,and 41371092)partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.LH2024D025)+2 种基金the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry,China(No.SKLFSE201917)the Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province,China(No.192102310503)the National Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province Office of Education,China(No.14B170007)。
文摘The contact between contaminant and washing solution is a fundamental factor that limits the contaminant removal efficiency of chemical washing.In this study,the magnetization technique was employed to improve the physicochemical properties of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA)solutions for the removal of lead(Pb)and cadmium(Cd)from a contaminated clayey soil.Furthermore,EDTA concentration,magnetization strength,and magnetization time were varied as parameters for enhancing the contact between contaminant and washing solution to improve remediation efficiency.The results showed that after magnetization,the viscosities,surface tensions,and contact angles of EDTA solutions decreased,whereas the electrical conductivity and pH increased.In particular,the viscosities of high-concentration EDTA solutions increased with increasing magnetic field strength and magnetization time.The magnetized EDTA solutions increased the maximum removal rates of Cd and Pb by 64.46% and 35.49%,respectively,compared to the unmagnetized EDTA solutions.The results highlighted the efficient metal removal by magnetized washing solutions due to the better contact between the washing solutions and the contaminants.The magnetic-enhanced soil washing method was proven to be efficient,cost-effective,and easily implementable for enhancing heavy metal removal.This study provides a valuable reference for improving the efficiency of chemical washing for heavy metal-contaminated clayey soils.
文摘Background: Chemotherapy induced mucositis is one of the deterring factors influencing adherence to cancer treatment. Sodium bicarbonate mouth wash was recently shown to increase patients’ compliance. However, the cost implication of this strategy was never explored. Aim: This study is designed to explore the compounding of sodium bicarbonate 2% mouth wash from sodium bicarbonate powder USP and commercially procured intravenous solution, and to determine the estimated cost implication for patients using this strategy. Materials and Methods: Sodium bicarbonate 2% were compounded using commercially procured sterile intravenous 8.4% solution and powder USP, diluted and dissolved in sterile water for irrigation respectively. The estimated cost savings between the 2 methods were compared to each other as well as to savings from when used in preventing or in adjuvant therapy for chemotherapy induced mucositis. Ethical approval not required by UVA Institutional Review Board. Study conducted according to the International Standards of Good Practice. Result: We came up with a new recipe, sodium bicarbonate 2% mouth wash using commercially procured sterile liquid formulation. Due to shortage, we compounded with sodium bicarbonate powder USP. Using USP 795 regulation, we assigned 14 days beyond use date with refrigeration to these formulations. These formulations resulted in estimated cost savings of $3597.52 and $3686.56 respectively if patients were to be treated for chemotherapy induced mucositis for 21 days. When compared to commercially procured sterile liquid formulation, the use of powder USP, will lead to additional estimated 60 to 66.67% savings for patients. Conclusion: By using sodium bicarbonate powder or solution to compound a 2% mouth wash, we came up with a cheap product that could be used by patients in the moment in the hospital. We were also able to suggest ways that an estimated cost savings for patients undergoing cancer treatment that use this product can be computed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12075153 and 11875313)CNNC Key Laboratory on Uranium Extraction from Seawater(No.KLUES202205).
文摘Herein,a new method was developed for efficient and lasting fluorescent whitening cotton fabric by synthesizing and using a vinyl-containing fluorescent whitening agent to covalently grafting onto fiber surfaces with the assistance of electron beam irradiation.The results from FT-IR spectroscopic,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic,and energy dispersive spectrometric analyses showed that the fluorescent whitening agent was successfully anchored on cotton fiber via radiation-induced grafting copolymerization.The optimized whiteness value at 110.81(that of raw cotton fabric,74.50)was achieved using just 0.3 wt% fluorescent whitening agent.Notably,the whiteness value of the treated cotton fabric remained 110+even after 100 equivalent home-washing cycles,substantiating its excellent washing durability.Skin stimulation experiments on rabbits showed that the primary stimulation index of all experimental groups was 0 and no abnormal clinical symptoms were found in all tested rabbits,demonstrating the outstanding skin safety.Furthermore,energy generated by irradiation grafting technology was much lower than that of traditional processes and water consumption greatly reduced.Even the effluent from this process completely met the discharge standard of industrial wastewater without any treatment.This study explores a new method for textile finishing via electron beam irradiation,providing a green and sustainable perspective for the textile industry.
基金Supported by Shenzhen Guangming District Health System Scientific Research Project(2020R01120).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the use of the classical Chinese medicine formula Sihu Powder modified decoction for postoperative fumigation and sitz bath in patients with perianal abscess,aiming to promote wound healing and reduce medical burden.[Methods]An observational cohort study was conducted,selecting 200 patients with perianal abscess who underwent surgery in Shenzhen Guangming District People's Hospital.They were randomly divided into a treatment group and an observation group,with 100 cases in each group.Both groups followed the same surgical and antibiotic treatment principles.Starting from the first postoperative day,the treatment group received fumigation and sitz bath with modified Sihu Powder for decoction twice daily;the observation group used Compound Huangbai Liquid for fumigation and sitz bath twice daily.Indicators including pain score,wound secretion score,wound granulation tissue growth score,multidrug-resistant bacterial infection clearance rate,antibiotic usage days,and wound healing rate were observed in both groups 7,14 and 21 d after operation.[Results]On postoperative day 7,the differences in postoperative pain score,wound secretions,and multidrug-resistant bacterial clearance rate between the treatment group and the observation group were statistically significant.On postoperative day 14,the differences between the two groups were significant in indicators including pain score,wound secretions,wound granulation tissue growth,multidrug-resistant bacterial clearance rate,and wound healing rate.On postoperative day 21,the difference in wound healing rate between the two groups was significant;furthermore,the antibiotic usage days in the treatment group were significantly fewer than those in the observation group.[Conclusions]Modified Sihu Powder for fumigation and washing can effectively alleviate postoperative pain in perianal abscess patients,inhibit the colonization and infection of multidrug-resistant bacteria at the wound site,accelerate wound healing,reduce antibiotic usage intensity and medical burden.It possesses advantages such as being economical,effective,safe,and easy to operate,making it worthy of clinical promotion.
基金the European Commission for funding the InnoRenew CoE project(H2020 Grant Agreement 739574)the PHArA-ON project(H2020 Grant Agreement 857188)+3 种基金the SRC-EDIH project(DIGITAL-2021-EDIH-01 call,project number:101083351)the Republic of Slovenia(Investment funding of the Republic of Sloveniathe European Union of the European Regional Development Fund)the Slovenian Research Agency(ARRS),for supporting project number J2-2504.
文摘Wash trading in decentralized markets remains a significant concern magnified by the pseudonymous and public nature of blockchains.In this paper,we introduce an innovative methodology designed to detect wash-trading activities beyond surface-level transactions.Our approach integrates NFT ownership traces with the Ethereum Transaction Network,encompassing the complete historical record of all Ethereum-account normal transactions.By analyzing both networks,our method offers a notable advancement over techniques proposed in existing research.We analyzed the wash-trading activity of 7 notable NFT collections.Our results show that wash trading in unregulated NFT markets is an underestimated concern and is much more widespread in terms of both frequency and volume.Excluding the Meebits collection,which emerged as an outlier,wash trading constitutes up to 24%of the total trading volume.Specifically,for the Meebits collection,93%of the total trade volume was attributed to wash trading.
基金supported by the Research Grant Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(Grant Nos.HKU 17207518 and R5037-18).
文摘The nine typical Shanghai soils are usually silty clay or clay,which appears inconsistent with their low clay content in the relevant publications.The literature review shows that the documented clay content of Shanghai soils ranges from 0%to 30.8%by weight.This inconsistency may stem from two factors:(1)the Shanghai soil classification system relies solely on the plasticity index for soil naming;and(2)the conventional steel sieving method cannot separate the clay from the fine soils(clay and silt mixtures).This paper aims to accurately determine the clay content in Shanghai soils.It uses nylon cloth sieves with apertures ranging from 0.063 mm to 0.0008 mm and completely separates the clay particles from the fine soils.The nine typical Shanghai soils are tested and sieved into distinct subgroups of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.Results demonstrate clay content ranges from 18.99%to 79.33%,substantially higher than literature values and consistent with their names of either silty clay or clay.Macro,micro,and scanning electron microscope(SEM)images reveal effective separation of clay,silt,sand,and gravel particles.The clay exhibits cohesive properties,while the silt,sand,and gravel comprise clean,non-cohesive individual particles.The clay and silt fractions are confirmed to be within their respective sieving limits by SEM-based particle size measurements.Additionally,Atterberg limits testing highlights the high plasticity of the clay particles and the non-plastic nature of the silt particles.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2020MS04001)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program Project+1 种基金Hetao College Science and Technology Research Project(HYYB202303)Hetao College Science and Technology Innovation Team.
文摘A growing global demand exists to formulate plans to lessen the greenhouse gas emissions produced by agricultural activities.The purpose of this study was to uncovered the changes in soil CO_(2)fluxes under varying scenarios including nitrogen fertilization rates,irrigation rates,and air temperatures in the Hetao Irrigation District(HID)over the 38-year period.DAYCENT model was used to predict carbon dioxide(CO_(2))fluxes from cultivated soils in the HID,Inner Mongolia from^(2)023 to 2060(the year of achieving the"carbon neutrality"goal)in this study.Results showed that mean soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field[1035.13 g/(m^(2).yr)]were significantly lower than those in the maize field[1405.54 g/(m^(2).yr)].An increase in nitrogen fertilization rate led to a significant escalation in soil CO_(2)fluxes.Moreover,elevating irrigation rates for washing salts by irrigation(WSBI)diminished soil CO_(2)fluxes in the sunflower field while amplifying them in the maize field.A rise in air temperature resulted in an increase in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the maize field,with annual increases observed,but a reduction in soil CO_(2)fluxes from the sunflower field.The sunflower fields in the HID have a more substantial advantage than the corn fields in mitigating soil CO_(2)emissions.
基金Project(20971041) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(09B032) supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department,China
文摘The sulfur phase in high sulfur-containing bauxite was studied by an X-ray diffraction analysis and a chemistry quantitative analysis.The methods for the removal of different shaped sulfur were also discussed.The results show that sulfur phases in high sulfur-containing bauxites exist in the main form of sulfide sulfur （pyrite） or sulfate sulfur,and the main sulfur forms of bauxites from different regions are not the same.Through a combination of an X-ray diffraction analysis and a chemistry quantitative analysis,the sulfur phases of high sulfur-containing bauxite could be accurately investigated.Deciding the main sulfur form of high sulfur-containing bauxite could provide theoretical instruction for choosing methods for the removal of sulfur from bauxite,and an oxidizing-roasting process is an effective way to remove sulfide sulfur from high sulfur-containing bauxite,the content of S^2-in crude ore in the digestion liquor is above 1.7 g/L,but in the roasted ore digestion liquor,it is below 0.18 g/L.Using the sodium carbonate solution washing technology to wash bauxite can effectively remove sulfate sulfur,the content of the total sulfur in ore is lowered to below 0.2% and can meet the production requirements for the sulfur content.
基金Project(51090380)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2013CB632604,2013CB632601)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China+2 种基金Project(51125018)supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of ChinaProject(KGZD-EW-201-2)supported by the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of SciencesProjects(51374191,51402303)supported by the Natural Science Foundation for the Youth,China
文摘To recover titanium from tionite, a new process consisting of NaOH hydrothermal conversion, water washing, and H2SO4 leaching for TiO2 preparation was developed. The experimental results show that under the optimum hydrothermal conversion conditions, i.e., 50% NaOH （mass fraction） solution, NaOH/tionite mass ratio of 4：1, reaction temperature of 240 ℃reaction time of 1 h and oxygen partial pressure of 0.25 MPa, the titanium was mainly converted into Na2TiO3, and the conversion was 97.2%. The unwanted product Na2TiSiO5 remained stable in water washing, and its formation was prevented by improving NaOH concentration. In water washing process, about 97.6% of Na＋ could be recycled by washing the hydrothermal product. The NaOH solutions could be reused after concentration. 96.7% of titanium in the washed product was easily leached in H2SO4 solution at low temperatures, forming titanyl sulfate solution to further prepare TiO2.
