In order to explore the relationship between heavy precipitation and the distribution characteristics of wet potential vorticity field,based on the NCEP 1°×1°6-hour reanalysis data,the wet potential vor...In order to explore the relationship between heavy precipitation and the distribution characteristics of wet potential vorticity field,based on the NCEP 1°×1°6-hour reanalysis data,the wet potential vortex field in a heavy precipitation weather process in the central-southern part of Inner Mongolia was analyzed through the analysis of weather situation and calculation of vertical component(MPV_(1))and horizontal component(MPV_(2))of wet potential vortex(MPV).The results show that this heavy precipitation was a heavy precipitation weather process under the combined action of the cold air behind the trough and the southwest warm and humid airflow.The diagnostic analysis of θ_(se) shows that the south side of the area where the cold and warm air met before the precipitation was a high-temperature and high-humidity area,where a large amount of unstable energy was gathered,and the heavy precipitation occurred in the area with the most dense θ_(se) lines.This heavy precipitation process was dominated by the release of convective unstable energy in the lower troposphere,the positive pressure term of wet potential vortex MPV 1 was smaller than 0 in the lower troposphere and larger than 0 in the middle and upper layers;the positive-value wet potential vortex was transported to the lower layer,which was conducive to the release of unstable energy,so that precipitation increased.The negative-value center of wet potential vortex in the middle and low layers corresponded well to the heavy precipitation area,and the precipitation intensity and duration were consistent with the increase and enhancement time of the negative-value area of MPV_(1).The positive-value area of MPV_(1) was 6-12 h earlier than the heavy precipitation area,which has good indication significance for the prediction of the heavy precipitation area.In the lower troposphere,the configuration of MPV_(1)<0 and MPV_(2)>0 can be used as the basis for judging the location of precipitation center.展开更多
Drawing upon the electromagnetic conversion formulas in a continuous conductive medium,an extensive examination for total current law and Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction(Faraday’s law)is undertaken to exp...Drawing upon the electromagnetic conversion formulas in a continuous conductive medium,an extensive examination for total current law and Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction(Faraday’s law)is undertaken to expound on the laws of electromagnetic induction and conversion.The longitudinal wave term of Faraday’s law is reinstated to render it suitable for theoretical derivation of the LEM(Longitudinal Electromagnetic Wave)equation.Subsequently,we formulate the wave and energy equations for electric P-wave based on reevaluated total current law and modified Faraday’s law;meanwhile proposing a propagation mode that reveals its mechanisms absorbing free energy for LEM waves in a conductor predicated on interaction between scalar electric field and vortex magnetic field.Furthermore,through theoretical derivations based on LEM waves,insights into concealed relationships between electric P-wave and electromagnetism scalar potential are disclosed alongside the constraint equation between the wave velocities of LEM wave and TEM(Transverse Electromagnetic)waves,unveiling the significance of LEM wave.展开更多
Based on the observational data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data and potential vorticity theory, the occurrence mechanism of a strong sandstorm occurring in Inner Mongolia during March 14-15 was studied. The...Based on the observational data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data and potential vorticity theory, the occurrence mechanism of a strong sandstorm occurring in Inner Mongolia during March 14-15 was studied. The results show that the large potential vortex area in the upper troposphere moved eastward and downward, and a structure similar to a "funnel" appeared;the cyclone moved eastward and developed;the high potential vortex region always matched the region where the cyclone developed;the development of the cyclone was closely related to the cold air activity, and there was an obvious interaction between high-and low-altitude systems. The potential vorticity at 500 hPa had obvious significance for the influencing system of this sandstorm. The 0.5 PVU contour line can be used as the boundary of sandstorm weather area. On the potential temperature profile, the occurrence process of this sandstorm was the process of the expansion of cold air from high latitudes to low latitudes. When the high-value potential vorticity system slide along the isentropic surface, the lower vertical vorticity increased due to the increasing slope of the isentropic surface and the conservation of potential vorticity, leading to the development of the surface cyclone circulation and the enhancement of wind speed, and further causing the occurrence of this sandstorm.展开更多
The longitudinal wave term within Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction (Faraday’s law) underwent recovery to ensure its suitability for theoretical derivation of the equation governing longitudinal electromagn...The longitudinal wave term within Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction (Faraday’s law) underwent recovery to ensure its suitability for theoretical derivation of the equation governing longitudinal electromagnetic (LEM) waves. The revised Maxwell’s equations include the crucial parameters being the attenuation time constants of magnetic vortex potential and electric vortex potential generated by external electromagnetic field within the propagation medium. Specific expressions for them are obtained through theoretical analysis. Subsequently, a model for propagating magnetic P-wave generated by the superposition of a left-handed photo and a right-handed photon in a vacuum is formulated based on reevaluated total current law and revised Faraday’s law, covering wave equations, energy equation, as well as propagation mode involving mutual induction and conversion between scalar magnetic field and vortex electric field. Furthermore, through theoretical derivations centered around magnetic P-wave, evidence was presented regarding its ability to absorb huge free energy through the entangled interaction between zero-point vacuum energy field and the torsion field produced by the vortex electric field.展开更多
Based on the observation data analysis and numerical simulation, the development of an eastwardmoving vortex generated in Southwest China during the period 25 27 June 2003 is studied. The water vapor budget analysis i...Based on the observation data analysis and numerical simulation, the development of an eastwardmoving vortex generated in Southwest China during the period 25 27 June 2003 is studied. The water vapor budget analysis indicates that water vapor in the lower troposphere over Southwest China is transported downstream to the Yangtze and Huaihe River valleys by the southwesterly winds south of the vortex center. A potential vortieity （PV） budget analysis reveals that a positive feedback between latent heat release and low-level positive vortieity plays a vital role in the sudden development and eastward movement of the vortex. Numerical simulations are consistent with these results.展开更多
Stable stratification turbulence,as a common phenomenon in atmospheric and oceanic flows,is an important mechanism for numerical prediction of such flows.In this paper the large eddy simulation is utilized for investi...Stable stratification turbulence,as a common phenomenon in atmospheric and oceanic flows,is an important mechanism for numerical prediction of such flows.In this paper the large eddy simulation is utilized for investigating stable stratification turbulence numerically.The paper is expected to provide correct statistical results in agreement with those measured in the atmosphere or ocean.The fully developed turbulence is obtained in the stable stratification fluid by large eddy simulation with different initial velocity field and characteristic parameters,i.e.Reynolds number Re and Froude number Fr.The evolution of turbulent kinetic energy,characteristic length scales and parameters is analyzed for investigating the development of turbulence in stable stratification fluid.The three-dimensional energy spectra,horizontal and vertical energy spectrum,are compared between numerical simulation and real observation in the atmosphere and ocean in order to test the reliability of the numerical simulation.The results of numerical cases show that the large eddy simulation is capable of predicting the properties of stable stratification turbulence in consistence with real measurements at less computational cost.It has been found in this paper that the turbulence can be developed under different initial velocity conditions and the internal wave energy is dominant in the developed stable stratification turbulence.It is also found that the characteristic parameters must satisfy certain conditions in order to have correct statistical property of stable stratification turbulence in the atmosphere and ocean.The Reynolds number and Froude number are unnecessarily equal to those in atmosphere or ocean,but the Reynolds number must be large enough,say,greater than 102,and Froude number must be less than 0.1.The most important parameter is ReFr 2 which must be greater than 10.展开更多
Tropical atmosphere is divided into two layers,the layer near the ground is the planet boundary layer,where the motion is linear,if the radiation equilibrium temperature is given at the top of the boundary layer,the v...Tropical atmosphere is divided into two layers,the layer near the ground is the planet boundary layer,where the motion is linear,if the radiation equilibrium temperature is given at the top of the boundary layer,the vertical motion there can be obtained.It is the non-viscous ideal atmos-pheric layer above the boundary one,where the motion is nonlinear.After getting the conservation laws of angular momentum,potential temperature and potential vortex,the inertial theory of the Hadley circulation driven by the vertical motion of the boundary layer is established,followed by sev-eral examples of its application.展开更多
文摘In order to explore the relationship between heavy precipitation and the distribution characteristics of wet potential vorticity field,based on the NCEP 1°×1°6-hour reanalysis data,the wet potential vortex field in a heavy precipitation weather process in the central-southern part of Inner Mongolia was analyzed through the analysis of weather situation and calculation of vertical component(MPV_(1))and horizontal component(MPV_(2))of wet potential vortex(MPV).The results show that this heavy precipitation was a heavy precipitation weather process under the combined action of the cold air behind the trough and the southwest warm and humid airflow.The diagnostic analysis of θ_(se) shows that the south side of the area where the cold and warm air met before the precipitation was a high-temperature and high-humidity area,where a large amount of unstable energy was gathered,and the heavy precipitation occurred in the area with the most dense θ_(se) lines.This heavy precipitation process was dominated by the release of convective unstable energy in the lower troposphere,the positive pressure term of wet potential vortex MPV 1 was smaller than 0 in the lower troposphere and larger than 0 in the middle and upper layers;the positive-value wet potential vortex was transported to the lower layer,which was conducive to the release of unstable energy,so that precipitation increased.The negative-value center of wet potential vortex in the middle and low layers corresponded well to the heavy precipitation area,and the precipitation intensity and duration were consistent with the increase and enhancement time of the negative-value area of MPV_(1).The positive-value area of MPV_(1) was 6-12 h earlier than the heavy precipitation area,which has good indication significance for the prediction of the heavy precipitation area.In the lower troposphere,the configuration of MPV_(1)<0 and MPV_(2)>0 can be used as the basis for judging the location of precipitation center.
文摘Drawing upon the electromagnetic conversion formulas in a continuous conductive medium,an extensive examination for total current law and Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction(Faraday’s law)is undertaken to expound on the laws of electromagnetic induction and conversion.The longitudinal wave term of Faraday’s law is reinstated to render it suitable for theoretical derivation of the LEM(Longitudinal Electromagnetic Wave)equation.Subsequently,we formulate the wave and energy equations for electric P-wave based on reevaluated total current law and modified Faraday’s law;meanwhile proposing a propagation mode that reveals its mechanisms absorbing free energy for LEM waves in a conductor predicated on interaction between scalar electric field and vortex magnetic field.Furthermore,through theoretical derivations based on LEM waves,insights into concealed relationships between electric P-wave and electromagnetism scalar potential are disclosed alongside the constraint equation between the wave velocities of LEM wave and TEM(Transverse Electromagnetic)waves,unveiling the significance of LEM wave.
基金Supported by the Project of Ulanqab Meteorological Bureau (20180709)。
文摘Based on the observational data, NCEP 1°×1° reanalysis data and potential vorticity theory, the occurrence mechanism of a strong sandstorm occurring in Inner Mongolia during March 14-15 was studied. The results show that the large potential vortex area in the upper troposphere moved eastward and downward, and a structure similar to a "funnel" appeared;the cyclone moved eastward and developed;the high potential vortex region always matched the region where the cyclone developed;the development of the cyclone was closely related to the cold air activity, and there was an obvious interaction between high-and low-altitude systems. The potential vorticity at 500 hPa had obvious significance for the influencing system of this sandstorm. The 0.5 PVU contour line can be used as the boundary of sandstorm weather area. On the potential temperature profile, the occurrence process of this sandstorm was the process of the expansion of cold air from high latitudes to low latitudes. When the high-value potential vorticity system slide along the isentropic surface, the lower vertical vorticity increased due to the increasing slope of the isentropic surface and the conservation of potential vorticity, leading to the development of the surface cyclone circulation and the enhancement of wind speed, and further causing the occurrence of this sandstorm.
文摘The longitudinal wave term within Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction (Faraday’s law) underwent recovery to ensure its suitability for theoretical derivation of the equation governing longitudinal electromagnetic (LEM) waves. The revised Maxwell’s equations include the crucial parameters being the attenuation time constants of magnetic vortex potential and electric vortex potential generated by external electromagnetic field within the propagation medium. Specific expressions for them are obtained through theoretical analysis. Subsequently, a model for propagating magnetic P-wave generated by the superposition of a left-handed photo and a right-handed photon in a vacuum is formulated based on reevaluated total current law and revised Faraday’s law, covering wave equations, energy equation, as well as propagation mode involving mutual induction and conversion between scalar magnetic field and vortex electric field. Furthermore, through theoretical derivations centered around magnetic P-wave, evidence was presented regarding its ability to absorb huge free energy through the entangled interaction between zero-point vacuum energy field and the torsion field produced by the vortex electric field.
文摘Based on the observation data analysis and numerical simulation, the development of an eastwardmoving vortex generated in Southwest China during the period 25 27 June 2003 is studied. The water vapor budget analysis indicates that water vapor in the lower troposphere over Southwest China is transported downstream to the Yangtze and Huaihe River valleys by the southwesterly winds south of the vortex center. A potential vortieity （PV） budget analysis reveals that a positive feedback between latent heat release and low-level positive vortieity plays a vital role in the sudden development and eastward movement of the vortex. Numerical simulations are consistent with these results.
基金supported by the City Weather Fund of China Meteorological Administrationthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10872109 and 10828204)
文摘Stable stratification turbulence,as a common phenomenon in atmospheric and oceanic flows,is an important mechanism for numerical prediction of such flows.In this paper the large eddy simulation is utilized for investigating stable stratification turbulence numerically.The paper is expected to provide correct statistical results in agreement with those measured in the atmosphere or ocean.The fully developed turbulence is obtained in the stable stratification fluid by large eddy simulation with different initial velocity field and characteristic parameters,i.e.Reynolds number Re and Froude number Fr.The evolution of turbulent kinetic energy,characteristic length scales and parameters is analyzed for investigating the development of turbulence in stable stratification fluid.The three-dimensional energy spectra,horizontal and vertical energy spectrum,are compared between numerical simulation and real observation in the atmosphere and ocean in order to test the reliability of the numerical simulation.The results of numerical cases show that the large eddy simulation is capable of predicting the properties of stable stratification turbulence in consistence with real measurements at less computational cost.It has been found in this paper that the turbulence can be developed under different initial velocity conditions and the internal wave energy is dominant in the developed stable stratification turbulence.It is also found that the characteristic parameters must satisfy certain conditions in order to have correct statistical property of stable stratification turbulence in the atmosphere and ocean.The Reynolds number and Froude number are unnecessarily equal to those in atmosphere or ocean,but the Reynolds number must be large enough,say,greater than 102,and Froude number must be less than 0.1.The most important parameter is ReFr 2 which must be greater than 10.
文摘Tropical atmosphere is divided into two layers,the layer near the ground is the planet boundary layer,where the motion is linear,if the radiation equilibrium temperature is given at the top of the boundary layer,the vertical motion there can be obtained.It is the non-viscous ideal atmos-pheric layer above the boundary one,where the motion is nonlinear.After getting the conservation laws of angular momentum,potential temperature and potential vortex,the inertial theory of the Hadley circulation driven by the vertical motion of the boundary layer is established,followed by sev-eral examples of its application.
