Sail is the core part of autonomous sailboat and wing sail is a new type of sail. Wing sail generates not only propulsion but also lateral force and heeling moment. The latter two will affect the navigation status and...Sail is the core part of autonomous sailboat and wing sail is a new type of sail. Wing sail generates not only propulsion but also lateral force and heeling moment. The latter two will affect the navigation status and bring resistance. Double sail can effectively reduce the center of wind pressure and heeling moment. In order to study the effect of distance between two sails, airfoil and attack angle on the total lift coefficient of double sail propulsion system, pressure coefficient distribution and lift coefficient calculation model have been established based on vortex panel method. By using the basic finite solution, the fluid dynamic forces on the two-dimensional sails are computed.The results show that, the distance in the range of 0 to 1 time chord length, when using the same airfoil in the fore and aft sail, the total lift coefficient of the double sail increases with the increase of distance, finally reaches a stable value in the range of one to three times chord length. Lift coefficients of thicker airfoils are more sensitive to the change of distance. The thicker the airfoil, the longer distance is required of the total lift coefficient toward stable.When different airfoils are adopted in fore and aft sail, the total lift coefficient increases with the increase of the thickness of aft sail. The smaller the thickness difference is, the more sensitive to the distance change the lift coefficient is. The thinner the fore sail is, the lower the influence will be on the lift coefficient of aft sail.展开更多
为了快速准确地预估大型风力机风轮的气动性能,建立了一种基于面元-黏性涡粒子混合(HPVP)法的风力机风轮气动性能计算方法,自主编制了相应的计算程序.以model experiments in controlled conditions(MEXICO)风轮为算例,将计算结果与实...为了快速准确地预估大型风力机风轮的气动性能,建立了一种基于面元-黏性涡粒子混合(HPVP)法的风力机风轮气动性能计算方法,自主编制了相应的计算程序.以model experiments in controlled conditions(MEXICO)风轮为算例,将计算结果与实验数据、CFD方法进行了比较.结果表明:HPVP法可准确计算主要工作区的叶片压力分布.相比于CFD方法,在流动分离较小时,HPVP法可以快速获得与CFD方法精度相当的结果,但计算时间仅需要CFD方法的千分之一.除能够给出叶片压力分布外,HPVP法还能给出风力机风轮流场的其他流动细节.展开更多
旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰是导致直升机纵向"抬头(Pitch-up)"现象的主要原因。为在直升机设计阶段准确分析旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰以及由此引起的低速纵向操纵特性变化,通过涡量等效原则和Neumann物面边界条件建立了适用于旋...旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰是导致直升机纵向"抬头(Pitch-up)"现象的主要原因。为在直升机设计阶段准确分析旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰以及由此引起的低速纵向操纵特性变化,通过涡量等效原则和Neumann物面边界条件建立了适用于旋翼/平尾气动干扰分析的非定常面元/黏性涡粒子混合法。该方法耦合了考虑尾迹时变效应的非定常面元法、黏性涡粒子法及涡量镜面法,以准确模拟旋翼和平尾的非定常气动载荷、旋翼尾迹的非定常特性以及旋翼尾迹对平尾的气动干扰效应。首先通过计算NASA ROBIN(Rotor Body Interaction)旋翼尾迹几何和诱导速度分布,并与实验测量值、时间精确自由尾迹及CFD计算结果对比验证方法的准确性。相比于时间精确自由尾迹,本文方法计算精度更高。随后分析了旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰对平尾向下气动载荷和气动导数的影响,并分析了平尾构型对旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰的影响规律。分析表明:旋翼尾迹与平尾干扰导致低速状态的平尾载荷突增,气动导数反号;低平尾气动载荷突增较大,高平尾较小,但高速气动导数反号;前置平尾载荷突增量减小,但对应速度范围较宽;右旋直升机右平尾载荷突增量较小,但气动导数特性基本不变。展开更多
To analyze the influence of the chord length ratio and angle of attack on lift coefficients and explore the interaction mechanism between the two,we established a calculation model of the pressure distribution coeffic...To analyze the influence of the chord length ratio and angle of attack on lift coefficients and explore the interaction mechanism between the two,we established a calculation model of the pressure distribution coefficient on the airfoil surface and lift coefficient of a dual-wing sail on the basis of the vortex panel method.Computational fluid dynamics was used in auxiliary calculation and analysis.Results revealed a reciprocal interference between the front-wing and rear-wing sails.The total lift coefficient of the dual-sail increased with an increase in the front sail chord length.The lift coefficient of the rear sail decreased with an increase in the front sail chord length or angle of attack.The front sail wake affected the pressure distribution on the upper and lower surfaces of the rear sail leading edge.展开更多
运用面元法模拟直升机机身流场,计算前飞状态的ROBIN(rotor body interaction)模型孤立机身顶部中线的压力系数分布,并与参考数据、CFD计算结果对比,验证了本方法的准确性.采用离散涡系模拟平尾、垂尾和短翼等升力面,以带短翼的UH-60直...运用面元法模拟直升机机身流场,计算前飞状态的ROBIN(rotor body interaction)模型孤立机身顶部中线的压力系数分布,并与参考数据、CFD计算结果对比,验证了本方法的准确性.采用离散涡系模拟平尾、垂尾和短翼等升力面,以带短翼的UH-60直升机为例,研究了升力面参数变化对机身、平尾、垂尾气动干扰的影响.结果表明:改变升力面的安装角显著改变了气流对其周围的绕流情况,在参数中影响最大;平尾参数尤其是安装角会对垂尾和短翼的压力系数产生较大影响;减小垂尾展长和增大短翼安装角会提升各自的压力系数.展开更多
基金financially supported by the JIANG Xinsong Innovation Fund(Grant No.Y8F7010701)
文摘Sail is the core part of autonomous sailboat and wing sail is a new type of sail. Wing sail generates not only propulsion but also lateral force and heeling moment. The latter two will affect the navigation status and bring resistance. Double sail can effectively reduce the center of wind pressure and heeling moment. In order to study the effect of distance between two sails, airfoil and attack angle on the total lift coefficient of double sail propulsion system, pressure coefficient distribution and lift coefficient calculation model have been established based on vortex panel method. By using the basic finite solution, the fluid dynamic forces on the two-dimensional sails are computed.The results show that, the distance in the range of 0 to 1 time chord length, when using the same airfoil in the fore and aft sail, the total lift coefficient of the double sail increases with the increase of distance, finally reaches a stable value in the range of one to three times chord length. Lift coefficients of thicker airfoils are more sensitive to the change of distance. The thicker the airfoil, the longer distance is required of the total lift coefficient toward stable.When different airfoils are adopted in fore and aft sail, the total lift coefficient increases with the increase of the thickness of aft sail. The smaller the thickness difference is, the more sensitive to the distance change the lift coefficient is. The thinner the fore sail is, the lower the influence will be on the lift coefficient of aft sail.
文摘为了快速准确地预估大型风力机风轮的气动性能,建立了一种基于面元-黏性涡粒子混合(HPVP)法的风力机风轮气动性能计算方法,自主编制了相应的计算程序.以model experiments in controlled conditions(MEXICO)风轮为算例,将计算结果与实验数据、CFD方法进行了比较.结果表明:HPVP法可准确计算主要工作区的叶片压力分布.相比于CFD方法,在流动分离较小时,HPVP法可以快速获得与CFD方法精度相当的结果,但计算时间仅需要CFD方法的千分之一.除能够给出叶片压力分布外,HPVP法还能给出风力机风轮流场的其他流动细节.
文摘旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰是导致直升机纵向"抬头(Pitch-up)"现象的主要原因。为在直升机设计阶段准确分析旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰以及由此引起的低速纵向操纵特性变化,通过涡量等效原则和Neumann物面边界条件建立了适用于旋翼/平尾气动干扰分析的非定常面元/黏性涡粒子混合法。该方法耦合了考虑尾迹时变效应的非定常面元法、黏性涡粒子法及涡量镜面法,以准确模拟旋翼和平尾的非定常气动载荷、旋翼尾迹的非定常特性以及旋翼尾迹对平尾的气动干扰效应。首先通过计算NASA ROBIN(Rotor Body Interaction)旋翼尾迹几何和诱导速度分布,并与实验测量值、时间精确自由尾迹及CFD计算结果对比验证方法的准确性。相比于时间精确自由尾迹,本文方法计算精度更高。随后分析了旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰对平尾向下气动载荷和气动导数的影响,并分析了平尾构型对旋翼/平尾非定常气动干扰的影响规律。分析表明:旋翼尾迹与平尾干扰导致低速状态的平尾载荷突增,气动导数反号;低平尾气动载荷突增较大,高平尾较小,但高速气动导数反号;前置平尾载荷突增量减小,但对应速度范围较宽;右旋直升机右平尾载荷突增量较小,但气动导数特性基本不变。
基金the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Robotics(No.2020-Z14)the Jiang Xin-song Innovation Foundation(No.Y8F7010701)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41906173)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M662874)。
文摘To analyze the influence of the chord length ratio and angle of attack on lift coefficients and explore the interaction mechanism between the two,we established a calculation model of the pressure distribution coefficient on the airfoil surface and lift coefficient of a dual-wing sail on the basis of the vortex panel method.Computational fluid dynamics was used in auxiliary calculation and analysis.Results revealed a reciprocal interference between the front-wing and rear-wing sails.The total lift coefficient of the dual-sail increased with an increase in the front sail chord length.The lift coefficient of the rear sail decreased with an increase in the front sail chord length or angle of attack.The front sail wake affected the pressure distribution on the upper and lower surfaces of the rear sail leading edge.
文摘运用面元法模拟直升机机身流场,计算前飞状态的ROBIN(rotor body interaction)模型孤立机身顶部中线的压力系数分布,并与参考数据、CFD计算结果对比,验证了本方法的准确性.采用离散涡系模拟平尾、垂尾和短翼等升力面,以带短翼的UH-60直升机为例,研究了升力面参数变化对机身、平尾、垂尾气动干扰的影响.结果表明:改变升力面的安装角显著改变了气流对其周围的绕流情况,在参数中影响最大;平尾参数尤其是安装角会对垂尾和短翼的压力系数产生较大影响;减小垂尾展长和增大短翼安装角会提升各自的压力系数.
