With the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracturing technology in oil and gas resource development,improving the accuracy and efficiency of fracturing simulations has become a critical research focus.This paper propo...With the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracturing technology in oil and gas resource development,improving the accuracy and efficiency of fracturing simulations has become a critical research focus.This paper proposes an improved fluid flow algorithm,aiming to enhance the computational efficiency of hydraulic fracturing simulations while ensuring computational accuracy.The algorithm optimizes the aperture law and iteration criteria,focusing on improving the domain volume and crack pressure update strategy,thereby enabling precise capture of dynamic borehole pressure variations during injection tests.The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through three flow-solid coupling cases.The study also analyzes the effects of borehole size,domain volume,and crack pressure update strategy on fracturing behavior.Furthermore,the performance of the improved algorithm in terms of crack propagation rate,micro-crack formation,and fluid pressure distribution was further evaluated.The results indicate that while large-size boreholes delay crack initiation,the cracks propagate more rapidly once formed.Additionally,the optimized domain volume calculation and crack pressure update strategy significantly shorten the pressure propagation stage,promote crack propagation,and improve computational efficiency.展开更多
Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analy...Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analysis of their impact would be impossible without numerical simulations. In this paper, a pressure-split two-stage numerical algorithm is proposed based on Volume Of Fluid （VOF） methodology. The algorithm is characterized by introduction of two pressures at each half and full cycle time step, and thus it is a second-order accurate algorithm in time. A simplified second-order Godunov-type solver is used for the continuity equations. The method is applied to simulation of breaking waves in a 2-D water tank, and a qualitative comparison with experimental photo observations is made. Quite consistent results are observed between simulations and experiments. Commercially available software and Boundary Integral Method （BIM） have also been used to simulate the same problem. The results from present code and BIM are in good agreement with respect to breaking location and timing, while the results obtained from the comrnercial software which is only first-order accurate in time has clearly showed a temporal and spatial lag, verifying the need to use a higher order numerical scheme.展开更多
A stencil-like volume of fluid （VOF） method is proposed for tracking free interface. A stencil on a grid cell is worked out according to the normal direction of the interface, in which only three interface positions...A stencil-like volume of fluid （VOF） method is proposed for tracking free interface. A stencil on a grid cell is worked out according to the normal direction of the interface, in which only three interface positions are possible in 2D cases, and the interface can be reconstructed by only requiring the known local volume fraction information. On the other hand, the fluid-occupying-length is defined on each side of the stencil, through which a unified fluid-occupying volume model and a unified algorithm can be obtained to solve the interface advection equation. The method is suitable for the arbitrary geometry of the grid cell, and is extendible to 3D cases. Typical numerical examples show that the current method can give ＂sharp＂ results for tracking free interface.展开更多
The volume of fluid(VOF) formulation is applied to model the combustion process of a single droplet in a hightemperature convective air free stream environment.The calculations solve the flow field for both phases,and...The volume of fluid(VOF) formulation is applied to model the combustion process of a single droplet in a hightemperature convective air free stream environment.The calculations solve the flow field for both phases,and consider the droplet deformation based on an axisymmetrical model.The chemical reaction is modeled with one-step finite-rate mechanism and the thermo-physical properties for the gas mixture are species and temperature dependence.A mass transfer model applicable to the VOF calculations due to vaporization of the liquid phases is developed in consideration with the fluctuation of the liquid surface.The model is validated by examining the burning rate constants at different convective air temperatures,which accord well with experimental data of previous studies.Other phenomena from the simulations,such as the transient history of droplet deformation and flame structure,are also qualitatively accordant with the descriptions of other numerical results.However,a different droplet deformation mechanism for the low Reynolds number is explained compared with that for the high Reynolds number.The calculations verified the feasibility of the VOF computational fluid dynamics(CFD) formulation as well as the mass transfer model due to vaporization.展开更多
The Euler-Euler model is less effective in capturing the free surface of flow film in the spiral separator,and thus a Eulerian multi-fluid volume of fluid(VOF)model was first proposed to describe the particulate flow ...The Euler-Euler model is less effective in capturing the free surface of flow film in the spiral separator,and thus a Eulerian multi-fluid volume of fluid(VOF)model was first proposed to describe the particulate flow in spiral separators.In order to improve the applicability of the model in the high solid concentration system,the Bagnold effect was incorporated into the modelling framework.The capability of the proposed model in terms of predicting the flow film shape in a LD9 spiral separator was evaluated via comparison with measured flow film thicknesses reported in literature.Results showed that sharp air–water and air-pulp interfaces can be obtained using the proposed model,and the shapes of the predicted flow films before and after particle addition were reasonably consistent with the observations reported in literature.Furthermore,the experimental and numerical simulation of the separation of quartz and hematite were performed in a laboratory-scale spiral separator.When the Bagnold lift force model was considered,predictions of the grade of iron and solid concentration by mass for different trough lengths were more consistent with experimental data.In the initial development stage,the quartz particles at the bottom of the flow layer were more possible to be lifted due to the Bagnold force.Thus,a better predicted vertical stratification between quartz and hematite particles was obtained,which provided favorable conditions for subsequent radial segregation.展开更多
Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs),common sequelae of acute or chronic pancreatitis,are broadly classified as pancreatic pseudocysts or walled-off necrosis according to the revised Atlanta classification.Endoscopic ul...Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs),common sequelae of acute or chronic pancreatitis,are broadly classified as pancreatic pseudocysts or walled-off necrosis according to the revised Atlanta classification.Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage is often considered a standard first-line therapy preferable to surgical or interventional radiology approaches for patients with symptomatic PFC.EUS-guided drainage is effective and successful;it has a technical success rate of90%-100%and a clinical success rate of 85%-98%.Recent studies have shown a 5%-30%adverse events(AEs)rate for the procedure.The most common AEs include infection,hemorrhage,perforation and stent migration.Hemorrhage,a severe and sometimes deadly outcome,requires a well-organized and appropriate treatment strategy.However,few studies have reported the integrated management of hemorrhage during EUS-guided drainage of PFC.Establishing a practical therapeutic strategy is an essential and significant step in standardized management.The aim of this review is to describe the current situation of EUS-guided drainage of PFCs,including the etiology and treatment of procedure-related bleeding as well as current problems and future perspectives.We propose a novel and meaningful algorithm for systematically managing hemorrhage events.To our limited knowledge,a multidisciplinary algorithm for managing EUS-guided drainage for PFC-related bleeding has not been previously reported.展开更多
Ice particles could form under the continuous impingement of incoming supercooled droplets in icing conditions,which will change the surface roughness to enhance the further heat and mass transfer during icing process...Ice particles could form under the continuous impingement of incoming supercooled droplets in icing conditions,which will change the surface roughness to enhance the further heat and mass transfer during icing process.A fixed-grid porous enthalpy method based on the improved Discrete Phase Model(DPM)and Volume of Fluid(VOF)integrated algorithm is developed to solve the multiphase heat transfer problem to give more detailed demonstration of the formation of initial ice roughness.The algorithms to determine the criterion of transformation from DPM to VOF and the allocation of source items during transformation are improved to the general DPM-VOF algorithm.Two verification cases,namely two glycerine-solution droplets impact and single droplet freeze,are conducted to verify the accuracy and reliability of the enthalpy-DPMVOF method,where the simulation results match well with experiment phenomena.Ice roughness on a NACA0012 airfoil is precisely captured and the effects on convective heat transfer characteristics are preliminarily revealed.The results illustrate that the enthalpy-DPM-VOF method could successfully capture the characteristics of motion and the phase change process of droplet,as well as balance the calculation accuracy and efficiency.展开更多
The present study aims at improving the accuracy of weather forecast by providing useful information on the behavior and response of a sounding temperature sensor.A hybrid approach relying on Computational Fluid Dynam...The present study aims at improving the accuracy of weather forecast by providing useful information on the behavior and response of a sounding temperature sensor.A hybrid approach relying on Computational Fluid Dynamics and a genetic algorithm(GA)is used to simulate the system represented by the bead thermistor and the surrounding air.In particular,the influence of different lead angles,sensor lead length,and lead number is considered.The results have shown that when the length of the lead wire of the bead thermistor is increased,the radiation temperature rise is reduced;when the number of lead wire is four and the angle between the lead wires is 180°,the solar radiation angle has a scarce influence on the radiation temperature rise of the sounding temperature sensor.展开更多
基于两相界面追踪流体体积(volume of fluid,简称VOF)方法模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,在数值方法可靠性验证基础上,得到了15个喷嘴构型的流量系数、液膜厚度以及雾化锥角.定义无量纲影响因子η,比较喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴性能的影响程...基于两相界面追踪流体体积(volume of fluid,简称VOF)方法模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,在数值方法可靠性验证基础上,得到了15个喷嘴构型的流量系数、液膜厚度以及雾化锥角.定义无量纲影响因子η,比较喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴性能的影响程度.除了喷嘴直径和旋流室直径外,重点研究了出口扩张角、等直段长径比等结构参数的影响,通过与试验相对比,综合以往经验公式,得到如下结论:增大旋流室长度,能够增大雾化锥角;在喷嘴出口增加扩张角,能够显著地减小液膜厚度,减小雾化锥角;增大切向口距喷嘴顶部距离,能够改善喷嘴性能;切向口个数和等直段长度对喷嘴性能影响不大.该工作为下一步优化喷嘴构型打下了基础.展开更多
基于两相界面追踪方法 VOF(volume of fluid)模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,得到了液相填充喷嘴内部的过程,初始时刻,气液界面出现褶皱,随着进入液体的增多,褶皱逐渐消失;着重分析了喷嘴各个部位速度、压力分布,由于气液两相的存在,...基于两相界面追踪方法 VOF(volume of fluid)模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,得到了液相填充喷嘴内部的过程,初始时刻,气液界面出现褶皱,随着进入液体的增多,褶皱逐渐消失;着重分析了喷嘴各个部位速度、压力分布,由于气液两相的存在,喷嘴内部流场变得异常复杂,流场分布不能用单相流的模式分析,总压损失大部分存在于喷嘴收缩段以及直管段,增大收缩段锥角、减小收缩段长度有利于减小总压损失;在喷嘴出口处设置一定扩张角,能够增加液相速度,减小液膜厚度,有利于雾化.展开更多
isoAdvector是一种新的几何VOF(Volume of Fluid)方法,虽然克服了传统几何VOF方法难以适用于三维空间任意多面体网格的缺点,但不能直接用来模拟涉及动网格技术的液舱晃荡.为此,引入了运动通量修正,并提出了面-界面交线运动修正,使得修...isoAdvector是一种新的几何VOF(Volume of Fluid)方法,虽然克服了传统几何VOF方法难以适用于三维空间任意多面体网格的缺点,但不能直接用来模拟涉及动网格技术的液舱晃荡.为此,引入了运动通量修正,并提出了面-界面交线运动修正,使得修正后的isoAdvector方法可以应用到液舱晃荡的模拟中.基于不同的VOF方法对非共振、共振受迫晃荡和单次冲击波面进行数值模拟,并将模拟结果与试验结果以及解析解进行了比较.结果表明:相对于代数VOF方法,采用修正后的isoAdvector方法获得的自由液面位置和整体水动力载荷精度更高;捕捉的波面没有褶皱,能够较好地模拟波面的翻卷和破碎.此外,提出了界面厚度的估计方法,分析了自由液面波高精度提高的原因.展开更多
基于通用计算流体力学软件Fluent的VOF(volume of fluid)模型,求解粘性Navier-Stokes方程、Realizableκ-ε湍流模型,并运用动网格技术控制结构物的运动,得到了钝头回转体在出水过程中的压力场、速度矢量场和涡量分布。分析了回转体所...基于通用计算流体力学软件Fluent的VOF(volume of fluid)模型,求解粘性Navier-Stokes方程、Realizableκ-ε湍流模型,并运用动网格技术控制结构物的运动,得到了钝头回转体在出水过程中的压力场、速度矢量场和涡量分布。分析了回转体所受的流体力、顶部压力系数以及所带水分的变化情况,通过与实验结果进行对比,表明了数值模拟的准确性,为钝头回转体出水过程的深入研究打下基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52164001,52064006,52004072 and 52364004)the Science and Technology Support Project of Guizhou(Nos.[2020]4Y044,[2021]N404 and[2021]N511)+1 种基金the Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Foundation(No.GCC[2022]005-1),Talents of Guizhou University(No.201901)the Special Research Funds of Guizhou University(Nos.201903,202011,and 202012).
文摘With the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracturing technology in oil and gas resource development,improving the accuracy and efficiency of fracturing simulations has become a critical research focus.This paper proposes an improved fluid flow algorithm,aiming to enhance the computational efficiency of hydraulic fracturing simulations while ensuring computational accuracy.The algorithm optimizes the aperture law and iteration criteria,focusing on improving the domain volume and crack pressure update strategy,thereby enabling precise capture of dynamic borehole pressure variations during injection tests.The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified through three flow-solid coupling cases.The study also analyzes the effects of borehole size,domain volume,and crack pressure update strategy on fracturing behavior.Furthermore,the performance of the improved algorithm in terms of crack propagation rate,micro-crack formation,and fluid pressure distribution was further evaluated.The results indicate that while large-size boreholes delay crack initiation,the cracks propagate more rapidly once formed.Additionally,the optimized domain volume calculation and crack pressure update strategy significantly shorten the pressure propagation stage,promote crack propagation,and improve computational efficiency.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 50679010 and 50579004.
文摘Among all environmental forces acting on ocean structures and marine vessels, those resulting from wave impacts are likely to yield the highest loads. Being highly nonlinear, transient and complex, a theoretical analysis of their impact would be impossible without numerical simulations. In this paper, a pressure-split two-stage numerical algorithm is proposed based on Volume Of Fluid （VOF） methodology. The algorithm is characterized by introduction of two pressures at each half and full cycle time step, and thus it is a second-order accurate algorithm in time. A simplified second-order Godunov-type solver is used for the continuity equations. The method is applied to simulation of breaking waves in a 2-D water tank, and a qualitative comparison with experimental photo observations is made. Quite consistent results are observed between simulations and experiments. Commercially available software and Boundary Integral Method （BIM） have also been used to simulate the same problem. The results from present code and BIM are in good agreement with respect to breaking location and timing, while the results obtained from the comrnercial software which is only first-order accurate in time has clearly showed a temporal and spatial lag, verifying the need to use a higher order numerical scheme.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10672097)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No.Y0103)
文摘A stencil-like volume of fluid （VOF） method is proposed for tracking free interface. A stencil on a grid cell is worked out according to the normal direction of the interface, in which only three interface positions are possible in 2D cases, and the interface can be reconstructed by only requiring the known local volume fraction information. On the other hand, the fluid-occupying-length is defined on each side of the stencil, through which a unified fluid-occupying volume model and a unified algorithm can be obtained to solve the interface advection equation. The method is suitable for the arbitrary geometry of the grid cell, and is extendible to 3D cases. Typical numerical examples show that the current method can give ＂sharp＂ results for tracking free interface.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2011CB706501)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 1A4000172210101[67]),China
文摘The volume of fluid(VOF) formulation is applied to model the combustion process of a single droplet in a hightemperature convective air free stream environment.The calculations solve the flow field for both phases,and consider the droplet deformation based on an axisymmetrical model.The chemical reaction is modeled with one-step finite-rate mechanism and the thermo-physical properties for the gas mixture are species and temperature dependence.A mass transfer model applicable to the VOF calculations due to vaporization of the liquid phases is developed in consideration with the fluctuation of the liquid surface.The model is validated by examining the burning rate constants at different convective air temperatures,which accord well with experimental data of previous studies.Other phenomena from the simulations,such as the transient history of droplet deformation and flame structure,are also qualitatively accordant with the descriptions of other numerical results.However,a different droplet deformation mechanism for the low Reynolds number is explained compared with that for the high Reynolds number.The calculations verified the feasibility of the VOF computational fluid dynamics(CFD) formulation as well as the mass transfer model due to vaporization.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51974065 and 52274257)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing(No.BGRIMMKJSKL-2020-13)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.N2201008 and N2201004).
文摘The Euler-Euler model is less effective in capturing the free surface of flow film in the spiral separator,and thus a Eulerian multi-fluid volume of fluid(VOF)model was first proposed to describe the particulate flow in spiral separators.In order to improve the applicability of the model in the high solid concentration system,the Bagnold effect was incorporated into the modelling framework.The capability of the proposed model in terms of predicting the flow film shape in a LD9 spiral separator was evaluated via comparison with measured flow film thicknesses reported in literature.Results showed that sharp air–water and air-pulp interfaces can be obtained using the proposed model,and the shapes of the predicted flow films before and after particle addition were reasonably consistent with the observations reported in literature.Furthermore,the experimental and numerical simulation of the separation of quartz and hematite were performed in a laboratory-scale spiral separator.When the Bagnold lift force model was considered,predictions of the grade of iron and solid concentration by mass for different trough lengths were more consistent with experimental data.In the initial development stage,the quartz particles at the bottom of the flow layer were more possible to be lifted due to the Bagnold force.Thus,a better predicted vertical stratification between quartz and hematite particles was obtained,which provided favorable conditions for subsequent radial segregation.
文摘Pancreatic fluid collections(PFCs),common sequelae of acute or chronic pancreatitis,are broadly classified as pancreatic pseudocysts or walled-off necrosis according to the revised Atlanta classification.Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage is often considered a standard first-line therapy preferable to surgical or interventional radiology approaches for patients with symptomatic PFC.EUS-guided drainage is effective and successful;it has a technical success rate of90%-100%and a clinical success rate of 85%-98%.Recent studies have shown a 5%-30%adverse events(AEs)rate for the procedure.The most common AEs include infection,hemorrhage,perforation and stent migration.Hemorrhage,a severe and sometimes deadly outcome,requires a well-organized and appropriate treatment strategy.However,few studies have reported the integrated management of hemorrhage during EUS-guided drainage of PFC.Establishing a practical therapeutic strategy is an essential and significant step in standardized management.The aim of this review is to describe the current situation of EUS-guided drainage of PFCs,including the etiology and treatment of procedure-related bleeding as well as current problems and future perspectives.We propose a novel and meaningful algorithm for systematically managing hemorrhage events.To our limited knowledge,a multidisciplinary algorithm for managing EUS-guided drainage for PFC-related bleeding has not been previously reported.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51706244)National Science and Technology Major Projects of China(No.2017-VIII-0003-0114)。
文摘Ice particles could form under the continuous impingement of incoming supercooled droplets in icing conditions,which will change the surface roughness to enhance the further heat and mass transfer during icing process.A fixed-grid porous enthalpy method based on the improved Discrete Phase Model(DPM)and Volume of Fluid(VOF)integrated algorithm is developed to solve the multiphase heat transfer problem to give more detailed demonstration of the formation of initial ice roughness.The algorithms to determine the criterion of transformation from DPM to VOF and the allocation of source items during transformation are improved to the general DPM-VOF algorithm.Two verification cases,namely two glycerine-solution droplets impact and single droplet freeze,are conducted to verify the accuracy and reliability of the enthalpy-DPMVOF method,where the simulation results match well with experiment phenomena.Ice roughness on a NACA0012 airfoil is precisely captured and the effects on convective heat transfer characteristics are preliminarily revealed.The results illustrate that the enthalpy-DPM-VOF method could successfully capture the characteristics of motion and the phase change process of droplet,as well as balance the calculation accuracy and efficiency.
文摘The present study aims at improving the accuracy of weather forecast by providing useful information on the behavior and response of a sounding temperature sensor.A hybrid approach relying on Computational Fluid Dynamics and a genetic algorithm(GA)is used to simulate the system represented by the bead thermistor and the surrounding air.In particular,the influence of different lead angles,sensor lead length,and lead number is considered.The results have shown that when the length of the lead wire of the bead thermistor is increased,the radiation temperature rise is reduced;when the number of lead wire is four and the angle between the lead wires is 180°,the solar radiation angle has a scarce influence on the radiation temperature rise of the sounding temperature sensor.
文摘基于两相界面追踪流体体积(volume of fluid,简称VOF)方法模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,在数值方法可靠性验证基础上,得到了15个喷嘴构型的流量系数、液膜厚度以及雾化锥角.定义无量纲影响因子η,比较喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴性能的影响程度.除了喷嘴直径和旋流室直径外,重点研究了出口扩张角、等直段长径比等结构参数的影响,通过与试验相对比,综合以往经验公式,得到如下结论:增大旋流室长度,能够增大雾化锥角;在喷嘴出口增加扩张角,能够显著地减小液膜厚度,减小雾化锥角;增大切向口距喷嘴顶部距离,能够改善喷嘴性能;切向口个数和等直段长度对喷嘴性能影响不大.该工作为下一步优化喷嘴构型打下了基础.
文摘基于两相界面追踪方法 VOF(volume of fluid)模拟了离心式喷嘴内部的流动过程,得到了液相填充喷嘴内部的过程,初始时刻,气液界面出现褶皱,随着进入液体的增多,褶皱逐渐消失;着重分析了喷嘴各个部位速度、压力分布,由于气液两相的存在,喷嘴内部流场变得异常复杂,流场分布不能用单相流的模式分析,总压损失大部分存在于喷嘴收缩段以及直管段,增大收缩段锥角、减小收缩段长度有利于减小总压损失;在喷嘴出口处设置一定扩张角,能够增加液相速度,减小液膜厚度,有利于雾化.
文摘isoAdvector是一种新的几何VOF(Volume of Fluid)方法,虽然克服了传统几何VOF方法难以适用于三维空间任意多面体网格的缺点,但不能直接用来模拟涉及动网格技术的液舱晃荡.为此,引入了运动通量修正,并提出了面-界面交线运动修正,使得修正后的isoAdvector方法可以应用到液舱晃荡的模拟中.基于不同的VOF方法对非共振、共振受迫晃荡和单次冲击波面进行数值模拟,并将模拟结果与试验结果以及解析解进行了比较.结果表明:相对于代数VOF方法,采用修正后的isoAdvector方法获得的自由液面位置和整体水动力载荷精度更高;捕捉的波面没有褶皱,能够较好地模拟波面的翻卷和破碎.此外,提出了界面厚度的估计方法,分析了自由液面波高精度提高的原因.
文摘基于通用计算流体力学软件Fluent的VOF(volume of fluid)模型,求解粘性Navier-Stokes方程、Realizableκ-ε湍流模型,并运用动网格技术控制结构物的运动,得到了钝头回转体在出水过程中的压力场、速度矢量场和涡量分布。分析了回转体所受的流体力、顶部压力系数以及所带水分的变化情况,通过与实验结果进行对比,表明了数值模拟的准确性,为钝头回转体出水过程的深入研究打下基础。
