The reproductive endocrine activities of neuroendocrine organs and androgenic glands (AG) in male Scylla serrata were investigated with co-incubation technology. In vitro studies show that: (1) the AG in Stage Ⅲ can ...The reproductive endocrine activities of neuroendocrine organs and androgenic glands (AG) in male Scylla serrata were investigated with co-incubation technology. In vitro studies show that: (1) the AG in Stage Ⅲ can significantly accelerate the development of seminiferous tubules and spermic matu- ration; (2) the brain, thoracic ganglia and optic ganglia have no direct influence over the testicular devel- opment; (3) the brain and thoracic ganglia can significantly promote the growth of the AG cells and highly significantly boost the ratio of Type B cells, while the optic ganglia have no such effects. It is the first time for in vitro investigations to confirm that the brain and thoracic ganglia can regulate testicular development through AG in male crustaceans.展开更多
This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the...This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients （70.41%）. The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment （neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B） and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.展开更多
The effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (0.01 nM-10 nM) and 17 -estradiol (E2, 1 nmol-10 nM) alone or in combination on 3H thymidine incorporation, alkaline phosphatase and adenylate cyclase activities were investigat...The effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (0.01 nM-10 nM) and 17 -estradiol (E2, 1 nmol-10 nM) alone or in combination on 3H thymidine incorporation, alkaline phosphatase and adenylate cyclase activities were investigated in human fetal osteoblasts using serum-free monolayer primary cultures. The results showed that PTH inhibited cell proliferation while E, promoted it. On alkaline phosphatase activity, PTH showed a complex results while E, were slightly inhibitory. PHT-E2 combination suggested that E2 could alter the effect of PTH alone, also potentiated the anabolic and antagonize the catabolic effects of PTH on bone formation.展开更多
Pimpinella anisum,commonly known as anise,is generally used in both folk medicine and the culinary world.In traditional medicine,it is valued for its digestive,respiratory,and antispasmodic properties.This study aims ...Pimpinella anisum,commonly known as anise,is generally used in both folk medicine and the culinary world.In traditional medicine,it is valued for its digestive,respiratory,and antispasmodic properties.This study aims to examine the volatile compounds and antibacterial effect of P.anisum essential oil(PAEO)as well as for the first time its genotoxicity employing both in vitro and computational approaches.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis identified anethole as the principal compound,which comprises 92.47%of PAEO.PAEO was tested for its potential antibacterial properties against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633,Listeria innocua ATCC 33090,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213,Klebsiella aerogenes ATCC 13048,and a clinical strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi.PAEO displayed noteworthy antibacterial action toward all tested bacteria,especially Staphylococcus aureus,with an inhibition zone of 21.43±0.87 mm,as determined by the disc-diffusion test.Varied between 0.0625%and 2%v/v,while the MBC values ranged from 0.125%to 8%v/v,reflecting the strength of the tested EO.The MBC/MIC ratios indicated the bactericidal nature of PAEO.The results of molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions between key PAEO molecules and microbial target proteins.ADMET(Absorption,Distribution,Metabolism,Excretion,and Toxicity)analysis confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic properties,indicating its potential as a safe therapeutic agent.Additionally,genotoxicity was assessed using the comet assay,which demonstrated minimal genotoxic risk,affirming the oil’s safety.These results highlight the promising antimicrobial properties of PAEO and its possible use as an active agent in the pharmacy,food,and cosmetic sectors.展开更多
In this study, in vitro chemosensitivity testing was conducted on primary cultured breast cancer cells from 96 patients with breast cancer, and the results showed that the cells from a few patients with primary breast...In this study, in vitro chemosensitivity testing was conducted on primary cultured breast cancer cells from 96 patients with breast cancer, and the results showed that the cells from a few patients with primary breast cancer developed multidrug resistance （MDR） prior to the first chemotherapy exposure. All the cells from the recurrent cancer patients had MDR. The findings suggested that patients having MDR would benefit from high-dose chemotherapy （HDC） regimens. In vitro chemo-sensitivity screening, which was aimed at improving the therapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects, helps in choosing individualized treatment for breast cancer.展开更多
God has made man and has prepared everything for human life.This universe was created for humans to be healthy.The lifestyle of humans in the millenial era has made circulatory disorders in the form of hypercholestero...God has made man and has prepared everything for human life.This universe was created for humans to be healthy.The lifestyle of humans in the millenial era has made circulatory disorders in the form of hypercholesterolemia.This study aims to determine the efficacy of herbal plants to reduce blood cholesterol levels.The method used is the in vitro method.Herbal plant used in this experiment Dyospiros kaky 50%,Avium grafeolens 20%,Guazuma ulmifolia 20%,Hibiscus sabdariffa 10%.This study showed that cholesterol level decreased from 200 mg/dL to 102 mg/100 g at dose 20 mg/dL,64.5 mg/100 g,at dose 40 mg/dL,and 94.2 mg/100 g,at dose 60 mg/dL.The best dose to decrease blood cholesterol was 40 mg/dL.This study indicated that Dyospiros kaki is an agent of anti-cholesterol.展开更多
In the past 20 years, the classic paradigm in radiobiology recognizing DNA as the main target for the action of radiation has changed. The new paradigm assumes that both targeted and non-targeted effects of radiation ...In the past 20 years, the classic paradigm in radiobiology recognizing DNA as the main target for the action of radiation has changed. The new paradigm assumes that both targeted and non-targeted effects of radiation determine the final outcome of irradiation. Radiotherapy is one of the main modality treatments of neoplastic diseases with intent to cure, or sometimes to palliate only, thus radiation-induced non-targeted effect, commonly referred to as the radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) may have a share in cancer treatment. RIBE is mediated by molecular signaling from radiation targeted cells to their non-irradiated neighbors, and comprises such phenomena as bystander effect, genomic instability, adaptive response and abscopal effect. Whereas first three phenomena may appear both in vitro and in vivo, an abscopal effect is closely related to partial body irradiation and is a systemic effect mediated by immunologic system which synergizes with radiotherapy. From the clinical point of view abscopal effect is particularly interesting due to both its possible valuable contribution to the treatment of metastases, and the potential harmful effects as induction of genetic instability and carcinogenesis. This review summarized the main results of investigations of non-targeted effects coming from in vitro monolayer cultures, 3-dimentional models of tissues, preclinical studies on rodents and clinically observed beneficial abscopal effects with particular emphasis on participation of immunotherapy in the creation of abscopal effects.展开更多
Within the consistent daily rhythm of human life,intervertebral discs endure a variety of complex loads beyond the influences of gravity and muscle forces,leading to significant morphological changes(in terms of volum...Within the consistent daily rhythm of human life,intervertebral discs endure a variety of complex loads beyond the influences of gravity and muscle forces,leading to significant morphological changes(in terms of volume,area,and height)as well as biomechanical alterations,including an increase in disc stiffness and a decrease in intradiscal pressure.Remarkably,the discs demonstrate an ability to regain their original morphological and biomechanical characteristics after a period of nocturnal rest.The preservation of normal disc function is critically dependent on this recovery phase,which serves to forestall premature disc degeneration.This phenomenon of disc recovery has been extensively documented through numerous in vivo studies employing advanced clinical techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI),stadiometry,and intradiscal pressure measurement.However,the findings from in vitro studies present a more complex picture,with reports varying between full recovery and only partial recuperation of the disc properties.Moreover,research focusing on degenerated discs in vitro has shed light on the quantifiable impact of degeneration on the disc ability to recover.Fluid dynamics within the disc are considered a primary factor in recovery,yet the disc intricate multiscale structure and its viscoelastic properties also play key roles.These elements interact in complex ways to influence the recovery mechanism,particularly in relation to the overall health of the disc.The objective of this review is to collate,analyze,and critically evaluate the existing body of in vivo and in vitro research on this topic,providing a comprehensive understanding of disc recovery processes.Such understanding offers a blueprint for future advancements in medical treatments and bionic engineering solutions designed to mimic,support,and enhance the natural recovery processes of intervertebral discs.展开更多
imbalance of synovial macrophages in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Human mononuclear cells(THP‑1)at logarithmic growth stage were induced into M1‑type macrophages,and RA synovial fibroblasts M1‑type m...imbalance of synovial macrophages in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Human mononuclear cells(THP‑1)at logarithmic growth stage were induced into M1‑type macrophages,and RA synovial fibroblasts M1‑type macrophages were co‑cultured into synovial macrophages.Synovial macrophages were divided into four groups:RA group(blank group),TGF‑β1 group(model group)and miR145‑5P overexpression group(TGF‑β1+miR145‑5P mimics group)and miR145‑5P overexpression negative control group(TGF‑β1+miR145‑5P‑mimics‑NC group).The blank group did not receive any treatment,and the other three groups were induced by TGF‑β1 in the medium for 48 h.Transfection miR145‑5p mimic and miR145‑5P‑mimics‑NC were added to co‑culture medium,and IL‑6,IL‑6 and IL‑6 of synovial macrophages were detected by ELISA.CD163 expression.Rt‑qpcr was used to detect miR145‑5p mRNA,TGF‑β1mRNA,Smad3mRNA,Smad7mRNA expression level.The expression of TGF‑β1/Smads pathway related proteins was detected by Western Blotting.Results:Compared with blank group,IL‑6 level was up‑regulated(P<0.01),and CD163 level was down‑regulated in model group(P<0.05),suggesting that TGF‑β1 could induce intensified immune inflammatory response.Compared with the negative miR145‑5P overexpression control group and model group,The expression of miR145‑5P overexpression group molecule CD163 was significantly increased by ELISA(P<0.01),and the expression of inflammatory factor IL‑6 was decreased(P<0.05).PCR showed that miR145‑5P mRNA expression level was significantly increased in miR145‑5P overexpression group,Smad3 mRNA and TGF‑β1 mRNA were significantly decreased,and Smad7 mRNA was significantly increased(P<0.01).WB method showed that the anti‑inflammatory protein Smad7 was significantly increased,while TGF‑β1 and Smad3 were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Transwell chamber results confirmed that miR145‑5P overexpression group significantly reduced macrophage invasion(P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed that miR145‑5P was negatively correlated with Smad3 and positively correlated with Smad7(P<0.01).Conclusion:miR145‑5P may inhibit macrophage polarization in RA patients by targeting Smad3 protein,negatively regulating TGF‑β1/Smads pathway,and alleviating immune inflammation.展开更多
The Editors-in-Chiefs would like to alert readers to the fact that concerns have been raised related to the publication,“Chemopreventive effects of Sargassum cristaefolium against prostate cancer targeting p53-mediat...The Editors-in-Chiefs would like to alert readers to the fact that concerns have been raised related to the publication,“Chemopreventive effects of Sargassum cristaefolium against prostate cancer targeting p53-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway:An in vitro and in vivo study”,which was published in Food Bioscience Volume 61,October 2024,104839,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104839.展开更多
Gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract,with poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options.Early detection of GBC is a major challenge,with most GBCs...Gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract,with poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options.Early detection of GBC is a major challenge,with most GBCs being detected accidentally during cholecystectomy procedures for gallbladder stones.This letter comments on the recent article by Deqing et al in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology,which summarized the various current methods used in early diagnosis of GBC,including endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)examination of the gallbladder for high-risk GBC patients,and the use of EUS-guided elasto-graphy,contrast-enhanced EUS,trans-papillary biopsy,natural orifice translu-minal endoscopic surgery,magnifying endoscopy,choledochoscopy,and confocal laser endomicroscopy when necessary for early diagnosis of GBC.However,there is a need for novel methods for early GBC diagnosis,such as the use of artificial intelligence and non-coding RNA biomarkers for improved screening protocols.Additionally,the use of in vitro and animal models may provide critical insights for advancing early detection and treatment strategies of this aggressive tumor.展开更多
Polygonum minus Huds(PM),commonly known as“laksa leaves”,is a valuable aromatic plant used in food and traditional medicine,particularly in Southeast Asia.This study aimed to fractionate PM hexane leaf extract to ev...Polygonum minus Huds(PM),commonly known as“laksa leaves”,is a valuable aromatic plant used in food and traditional medicine,particularly in Southeast Asia.This study aimed to fractionate PM hexane leaf extract to evaluate the anti-colon cancer activity of its fractions and identify the active compounds responsible for its therapeutic potential.Water,methanol,and acetonitrile were utilized for the liquid-liquid partitioning of PM hexane extracts.The safety and cytotoxicity of the resulting fractions were assessed to identify the most promising active fraction.Phytochemical profiling of the active fraction was further analyzed using GC-MS,and in silico analyses of its major phytochemicals were performed to screen the phytochemicals for application po-tential.The results showed that the water fraction was the most toxic to brine shrimp,while the methanol and acetonitrile fractions were favorably safe,and the hexane fraction was non-toxic.Moreover,the acetonitrile fraction(PM-H-A)exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on CT26 colon cancer cells.This was validated by dose-dependent morphological changes,colony formation inhibition,apoptosis induction,cell cycle arrest,and cell migration suppression in CT26 cells.Notably,PM-H-A also demonstrated inhibitory effects in the 3D culture model of CT26 cells.GC-MS analysis identified nine major phytochemicals in PM-H-A,with the in silico pre-dictions showing remarkable cytotoxicity of these phytochemicals against colon cancer cells,particularly undecanoic acid,dodecanoic acid,and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid.Mechanistic studies revealed that these compounds may exert their anticancer effects by targeting lipid metabolism and inflammation pathways.Among them,9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid stands out due to its favorable pharmacokinetics and safety.Overall,9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid holds pronounced promise as a therapeutic agent for colon cancer,warranting further investigation of its clinical potential.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effect of oridonin on the growth of cancer cells. METHODS Fifteen human cancer cell lines were subjected to various concentrations of oridonin in culture medium. The inhibitory rate o...OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effect of oridonin on the growth of cancer cells. METHODS Fifteen human cancer cell lines were subjected to various concentrations of oridonin in culture medium. The inhibitory rate of cell growth was measured by the MTT assay, and compared with a negative control and 5-Fu-positive control. RESULTS The 50% inhibiting concentration （IC50） and maximal inhibition （Imax） of oridonin shown by studying the growth of the cancer cell lines were as follows： leukemias （HL60 cells： 3.9 μg/ml and 73.8%, K562 cells： 4.3 μg/ml and 76.2%）; esophageal cancers（SHEEC cells： 15.4 μg/ml and 99.2%, Eca109 cells： 15.1 μg/ml and 84.6%, TEl cells： 4.0 μg/ml and 70.2%）; gastric cancers （BGC823 cells： 7.6 μg/ml and 98.7%, SGC7901 cells： 12.3 μg/ml and 85.7%）; colon cancers （HT29 cells： 13.6 μg/ml and 97.2%, HCT cells： 14.5 μg/ml and 96.5%）; liver cancers （Bel7402 cells： 15.2 μg/ml and 89.2%, HepG2 cells： 7.1 μg/ml and 88.3%）; pancreatic cancer （PC3 cells： 11.3 μg/ml and 68.4%）; lung cancer （A549 cells： 18.6 μg/ml and 98.0% ）; breast cancer （MCF7 cells： 18.4 μg/ml and 84.7%）; uterine cervix cancer （Hela cells： 13.7 μg/ml and 98.5%）. CONCLUSION Oridonin had a relatively wide anti-tumor spectrum, and a relatively strong inhibitory effect on the growth of the 15 human cancer cells. Inhibitory effects were concentration dependent.展开更多
In this study, a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia was established by performing 100 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion, and an in vitro model of experimental oxygen-glucose deprivation using cul...In this study, a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia was established by performing 100 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion, and an in vitro model of experimental oxygen-glucose deprivation using cultured rat cortical neurons was established. Proprotein convertase 2 activity gradually decreased in the ischemic cortex with increasing duration of reperfusion. In cultured rat cortical neurons, the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2＇-deoxyuridine 5＇-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling-positive neurons significantly increased and proprotein convertase 2 activity also decreased gradually with increasing duration of oxygen-glucose deprivation. These experimental findings indicate that proprotein convertase 2 activity decreases in ischemic rat cortex after reperfusion, as well as in cultured rat cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation. These changes in enzyme activity may play an important pathological role in brain injury.展开更多
In this study,diltiazem hydrochloride(DTZ)pellets were prepared successfully by extrusionespheronization method.Then methacrylic acid and ethylcellulose coating formulations were employed to make the DTZ pellets sus...In this study,diltiazem hydrochloride(DTZ)pellets were prepared successfully by extrusionespheronization method.Then methacrylic acid and ethylcellulose coating formulations were employed to make the DTZ pellets sustained release.The pellets with different coatings were investigated by in vitro dissolution tests.At last,the pellets with the best coating copolymer were subjected to pharmacokinetic studies in beagle dogs.The dissolution profiles of pellets coated with EudragitNE30D were similar to Herbesser,one of the marketed sustained release capsules.In the bioavailability study,the principal pharmacokinetic parameters of self-made pellets and the marketed ones were comparable;the relative bioavailability of DTZ sustained release capsules compared with Herbesserwas 98.536.4%.All the data indicated self-made sustained pellets could prolong the release of DTZ,decrease the fluctuation of drug level in vivo,and increase the compliance of patients.展开更多
Hemorrhoidal disease is a prevalent anorectal condition which is generally not managed well with cur- rent pharmacologic interventions. However, in Iranian traditional medicine （ITM） there are numerous plants with h...Hemorrhoidal disease is a prevalent anorectal condition which is generally not managed well with cur- rent pharmacologic interventions. However, in Iranian traditional medicine （ITM） there are numerous plants with hemorrhoid-healing properties. The present research assembled plants with hemorrhoid- healing properties in ITM; their related pharmacological effects, phytochemical constituents and mech- anisms of action in the modern medicine were also gathered. For this purpose, leading ITM textbooks were searched for plants with hemorrhoid-healing effects. Further, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on the most cited species were considered using scientific databases. Studying ITM textbooks revealed 37 medicinal plants with hemorrhoid-healing effects. Among the mentioned herbal medicines, six species, including Allium ampeloprasum, Phyllanthus emblica, Aloe vera, Terminalia chebula, Vitis vinifera and Comrniphora mukul, had the largest number of related pharmacological effects documented in scientific databases. These herbs from ITM should be considered as important resources for producing novel drugs for hemorrhoid treatment.展开更多
We present an editorial on an article that highlights the benefits of dexmedeto-midine(Dex)in colon cancer surgeries,which have been thoroughly investigated in the referenced publication involving 117 subjects.Of thes...We present an editorial on an article that highlights the benefits of dexmedeto-midine(Dex)in colon cancer surgeries,which have been thoroughly investigated in the referenced publication involving 117 subjects.Of these patients,59(group A)received Dex before anesthesia induction,while 58(group B)received normal saline.Group A patients demonstrated several advantages over Group B,inclu-ding lower propofol and remifentanil requirements,improved cerebral oxygena-tion as measured by regional cerebral oxygen saturation,better hemodynamic stability,and reduced incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.In addi-tion to its sedative and analgesic effects,Dex decreases the need for other anes-thetic agents and enhances cerebral oxygenation in elderly patients undergoing colorectal surgery.The literature also supports the anti-inflammatory properties of Dex,which can reduce surgical stress and improve postoperative recovery in cancer patients.This editorial focuses on the various benefits of Dex,particularly its role in maintaining hemodynamic stability and facilitating early recovery in cancer patients.展开更多
This work aimed to develop a novel formulation based on human milk(HM)enriched with a probiotic formulation comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285,Lactobacillus casei LBC80R and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CLR2 and...This work aimed to develop a novel formulation based on human milk(HM)enriched with a probiotic formulation comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285,Lactobacillus casei LBC80R and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CLR2 and to evaluate in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties and its impact on the prevention of risk factors of metabolic syndrome(MetS).In vitro studies were conducted on Hepa-1c1c7,HT-29,and CHO-K1 cell lines to assess the antiproliferative and anticancer properties of HM and probiotics.The in vivo study was conducted with 28 male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD).Rats were daily force-fed with HM and HM+probiotics or water for 8 weeks.Inflammation and oxidative stress were monitored through blood cytokines and kidney investigation.Body weight and blood glucose were recorded throughout the study.The results showed that HM had antiproliferative properties and caused apoptosis of intestinal tumoral cells.Quinone reductase(QR)was induced up to 1.8x in Hepa-1c1c7 cell line demonstrating chemotherapeutic potential.HM enriched with probiotics reduced weight gain by 10% while renal oxidative damages were reduced by up to 97%.Blood insulin and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1(PAI-1)levels were also significantly reduced.The study showed that HM had antiproliferative and chemopreventive properties on cancer cell lines.The in vivo experiment suggests that the development of a formulation based on HM powder enriched with probiotics could be used to modulate the rate of inflammation and oxidative damage to tissues,thus reducing the risk of obesity-related diseases.展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a prevalent malignant tumor,and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated.The tumor microenvironment(TME)and ferroptosis in cancer cells are key drivers of tumor progression and metas...Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a prevalent malignant tumor,and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated.The tumor microenvironment(TME)and ferroptosis in cancer cells are key drivers of tumor progression and metastasis.This research revealed that elevated INHBA expression in CRC tissues correlates with unfavorable clinical outcomes.In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that elevated INHBA enhances CRC cellular growth,migration,and invasion,whereas INHBA knockdown inhibits these malignant biological behaviors.Further investigation revealed that INHBA drives malignancy by reprogramming tumorassociated macrophages(TAMs)toward the M2 phenotype in the TME and by inhibiting mitochondrial-dependent ferroptosis in CRC cells.Mechanistically,INHBA upregulates SLC25A10 to activate the succinate/SUCNR1 axis,thus facilitating M2-like TAM polarization.It also activates the mitochondrial glutathione(mtGSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)pathway to suppress mitochondria-dependent ferroptosis in CRC cells.Additionally,INHBA acts as a scaffold protein to inhibit TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of SLC25A10,thereby stabilizing the SLC25A10 protein.In summary,INHBA drives tumor progression by remodeling the immune microenvironment and antagonizing ferroptosis in CRC cells,providing a theoretical basis for developing INHBA-targeted inhibitors or combined immunoferroptosis therapeutic strategies.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30300269) and the Fujian Province Key Foundation Re-search Program (1998-2002).
文摘The reproductive endocrine activities of neuroendocrine organs and androgenic glands (AG) in male Scylla serrata were investigated with co-incubation technology. In vitro studies show that: (1) the AG in Stage Ⅲ can significantly accelerate the development of seminiferous tubules and spermic matu- ration; (2) the brain, thoracic ganglia and optic ganglia have no direct influence over the testicular devel- opment; (3) the brain and thoracic ganglia can significantly promote the growth of the AG cells and highly significantly boost the ratio of Type B cells, while the optic ganglia have no such effects. It is the first time for in vitro investigations to confirm that the brain and thoracic ganglia can regulate testicular development through AG in male crustaceans.
基金The paper was supervised by Dr. Kefei Kang. This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University （No. 2013QD07） and the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81402615）.
文摘This study aimed to compare the antimicrobial activities of topical agents against Propionibacterium acnes isolated from patients admitted to a hospital in Shanghai, China. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the cultured P. acnes were determined in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Susceptibilities to clindamycin and erythromycin were compared in terms of gender, age, disease duration, previous treatment, and disease severity. A total of 69 P. acnes strains were isolated from 98 patients （70.41%）. The susceptibility to triple antibiotic ointment （neomycin/bacitracin/polymyxin B） and bacitracin was 100%. The susceptibility to fusidic acid was 92.7%. The resistance rates to neomycin sulfate, erythromycin, and clindamycin were 11.7%, 49.3%, and 33.4%, respectively. The high resistance rate to clindamycin and erythromycin was significantly affected by gender, previous treatment, and disease severity rather than by age and disease duration. Topical antibiotics should not be used separately for long-term therapy to avoid multiresistance. The use of topical antibiotics should be determined by clinicians on the basis of clinical conditions.
文摘The effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH) (0.01 nM-10 nM) and 17 -estradiol (E2, 1 nmol-10 nM) alone or in combination on 3H thymidine incorporation, alkaline phosphatase and adenylate cyclase activities were investigated in human fetal osteoblasts using serum-free monolayer primary cultures. The results showed that PTH inhibited cell proliferation while E, promoted it. On alkaline phosphatase activity, PTH showed a complex results while E, were slightly inhibitory. PHT-E2 combination suggested that E2 could alter the effect of PTH alone, also potentiated the anabolic and antagonize the catabolic effects of PTH on bone formation.
文摘Pimpinella anisum,commonly known as anise,is generally used in both folk medicine and the culinary world.In traditional medicine,it is valued for its digestive,respiratory,and antispasmodic properties.This study aims to examine the volatile compounds and antibacterial effect of P.anisum essential oil(PAEO)as well as for the first time its genotoxicity employing both in vitro and computational approaches.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis identified anethole as the principal compound,which comprises 92.47%of PAEO.PAEO was tested for its potential antibacterial properties against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633,Listeria innocua ATCC 33090,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213,Klebsiella aerogenes ATCC 13048,and a clinical strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi.PAEO displayed noteworthy antibacterial action toward all tested bacteria,especially Staphylococcus aureus,with an inhibition zone of 21.43±0.87 mm,as determined by the disc-diffusion test.Varied between 0.0625%and 2%v/v,while the MBC values ranged from 0.125%to 8%v/v,reflecting the strength of the tested EO.The MBC/MIC ratios indicated the bactericidal nature of PAEO.The results of molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions between key PAEO molecules and microbial target proteins.ADMET(Absorption,Distribution,Metabolism,Excretion,and Toxicity)analysis confirmed favorable pharmacokinetic properties,indicating its potential as a safe therapeutic agent.Additionally,genotoxicity was assessed using the comet assay,which demonstrated minimal genotoxic risk,affirming the oil’s safety.These results highlight the promising antimicrobial properties of PAEO and its possible use as an active agent in the pharmacy,food,and cosmetic sectors.
基金supported by a grant from the 11th Five-Year Key Research Program of Hubei Province (No. 2006-AA301A05).
文摘In this study, in vitro chemosensitivity testing was conducted on primary cultured breast cancer cells from 96 patients with breast cancer, and the results showed that the cells from a few patients with primary breast cancer developed multidrug resistance （MDR） prior to the first chemotherapy exposure. All the cells from the recurrent cancer patients had MDR. The findings suggested that patients having MDR would benefit from high-dose chemotherapy （HDC） regimens. In vitro chemo-sensitivity screening, which was aimed at improving the therapeutic efficacy and minimizing side effects, helps in choosing individualized treatment for breast cancer.
基金This research was funded by Deepublish Publisher Yogyakarta and PT.AICI(Autoimun Care Indonesia)Cirebon,Indonesia.
文摘God has made man and has prepared everything for human life.This universe was created for humans to be healthy.The lifestyle of humans in the millenial era has made circulatory disorders in the form of hypercholesterolemia.This study aims to determine the efficacy of herbal plants to reduce blood cholesterol levels.The method used is the in vitro method.Herbal plant used in this experiment Dyospiros kaky 50%,Avium grafeolens 20%,Guazuma ulmifolia 20%,Hibiscus sabdariffa 10%.This study showed that cholesterol level decreased from 200 mg/dL to 102 mg/100 g at dose 20 mg/dL,64.5 mg/100 g,at dose 40 mg/dL,and 94.2 mg/100 g,at dose 60 mg/dL.The best dose to decrease blood cholesterol was 40 mg/dL.This study indicated that Dyospiros kaki is an agent of anti-cholesterol.
文摘In the past 20 years, the classic paradigm in radiobiology recognizing DNA as the main target for the action of radiation has changed. The new paradigm assumes that both targeted and non-targeted effects of radiation determine the final outcome of irradiation. Radiotherapy is one of the main modality treatments of neoplastic diseases with intent to cure, or sometimes to palliate only, thus radiation-induced non-targeted effect, commonly referred to as the radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) may have a share in cancer treatment. RIBE is mediated by molecular signaling from radiation targeted cells to their non-irradiated neighbors, and comprises such phenomena as bystander effect, genomic instability, adaptive response and abscopal effect. Whereas first three phenomena may appear both in vitro and in vivo, an abscopal effect is closely related to partial body irradiation and is a systemic effect mediated by immunologic system which synergizes with radiotherapy. From the clinical point of view abscopal effect is particularly interesting due to both its possible valuable contribution to the treatment of metastases, and the potential harmful effects as induction of genetic instability and carcinogenesis. This review summarized the main results of investigations of non-targeted effects coming from in vitro monolayer cultures, 3-dimentional models of tissues, preclinical studies on rodents and clinically observed beneficial abscopal effects with particular emphasis on participation of immunotherapy in the creation of abscopal effects.
文摘Within the consistent daily rhythm of human life,intervertebral discs endure a variety of complex loads beyond the influences of gravity and muscle forces,leading to significant morphological changes(in terms of volume,area,and height)as well as biomechanical alterations,including an increase in disc stiffness and a decrease in intradiscal pressure.Remarkably,the discs demonstrate an ability to regain their original morphological and biomechanical characteristics after a period of nocturnal rest.The preservation of normal disc function is critically dependent on this recovery phase,which serves to forestall premature disc degeneration.This phenomenon of disc recovery has been extensively documented through numerous in vivo studies employing advanced clinical techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI),stadiometry,and intradiscal pressure measurement.However,the findings from in vitro studies present a more complex picture,with reports varying between full recovery and only partial recuperation of the disc properties.Moreover,research focusing on degenerated discs in vitro has shed light on the quantifiable impact of degeneration on the disc ability to recover.Fluid dynamics within the disc are considered a primary factor in recovery,yet the disc intricate multiscale structure and its viscoelastic properties also play key roles.These elements interact in complex ways to influence the recovery mechanism,particularly in relation to the overall health of the disc.The objective of this review is to collate,analyze,and critically evaluate the existing body of in vivo and in vitro research on this topic,providing a comprehensive understanding of disc recovery processes.Such understanding offers a blueprint for future advancements in medical treatments and bionic engineering solutions designed to mimic,support,and enhance the natural recovery processes of intervertebral discs.
基金Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(No.kj2020a0396)。
文摘imbalance of synovial macrophages in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods:Human mononuclear cells(THP‑1)at logarithmic growth stage were induced into M1‑type macrophages,and RA synovial fibroblasts M1‑type macrophages were co‑cultured into synovial macrophages.Synovial macrophages were divided into four groups:RA group(blank group),TGF‑β1 group(model group)and miR145‑5P overexpression group(TGF‑β1+miR145‑5P mimics group)and miR145‑5P overexpression negative control group(TGF‑β1+miR145‑5P‑mimics‑NC group).The blank group did not receive any treatment,and the other three groups were induced by TGF‑β1 in the medium for 48 h.Transfection miR145‑5p mimic and miR145‑5P‑mimics‑NC were added to co‑culture medium,and IL‑6,IL‑6 and IL‑6 of synovial macrophages were detected by ELISA.CD163 expression.Rt‑qpcr was used to detect miR145‑5p mRNA,TGF‑β1mRNA,Smad3mRNA,Smad7mRNA expression level.The expression of TGF‑β1/Smads pathway related proteins was detected by Western Blotting.Results:Compared with blank group,IL‑6 level was up‑regulated(P<0.01),and CD163 level was down‑regulated in model group(P<0.05),suggesting that TGF‑β1 could induce intensified immune inflammatory response.Compared with the negative miR145‑5P overexpression control group and model group,The expression of miR145‑5P overexpression group molecule CD163 was significantly increased by ELISA(P<0.01),and the expression of inflammatory factor IL‑6 was decreased(P<0.05).PCR showed that miR145‑5P mRNA expression level was significantly increased in miR145‑5P overexpression group,Smad3 mRNA and TGF‑β1 mRNA were significantly decreased,and Smad7 mRNA was significantly increased(P<0.01).WB method showed that the anti‑inflammatory protein Smad7 was significantly increased,while TGF‑β1 and Smad3 were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Transwell chamber results confirmed that miR145‑5P overexpression group significantly reduced macrophage invasion(P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed that miR145‑5P was negatively correlated with Smad3 and positively correlated with Smad7(P<0.01).Conclusion:miR145‑5P may inhibit macrophage polarization in RA patients by targeting Smad3 protein,negatively regulating TGF‑β1/Smads pathway,and alleviating immune inflammation.
文摘The Editors-in-Chiefs would like to alert readers to the fact that concerns have been raised related to the publication,“Chemopreventive effects of Sargassum cristaefolium against prostate cancer targeting p53-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway:An in vitro and in vivo study”,which was published in Food Bioscience Volume 61,October 2024,104839,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104839.
文摘Gallbladder carcinoma(GBC)is the most common malignant tumor of biliary tract,with poor prognosis due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options.Early detection of GBC is a major challenge,with most GBCs being detected accidentally during cholecystectomy procedures for gallbladder stones.This letter comments on the recent article by Deqing et al in the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology,which summarized the various current methods used in early diagnosis of GBC,including endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)examination of the gallbladder for high-risk GBC patients,and the use of EUS-guided elasto-graphy,contrast-enhanced EUS,trans-papillary biopsy,natural orifice translu-minal endoscopic surgery,magnifying endoscopy,choledochoscopy,and confocal laser endomicroscopy when necessary for early diagnosis of GBC.However,there is a need for novel methods for early GBC diagnosis,such as the use of artificial intelligence and non-coding RNA biomarkers for improved screening protocols.Additionally,the use of in vitro and animal models may provide critical insights for advancing early detection and treatment strategies of this aggressive tumor.
基金supported by funding from the Universiti Putra Malaysia,Geran Putra IPS(GP-IPS/2023/9748400).
文摘Polygonum minus Huds(PM),commonly known as“laksa leaves”,is a valuable aromatic plant used in food and traditional medicine,particularly in Southeast Asia.This study aimed to fractionate PM hexane leaf extract to evaluate the anti-colon cancer activity of its fractions and identify the active compounds responsible for its therapeutic potential.Water,methanol,and acetonitrile were utilized for the liquid-liquid partitioning of PM hexane extracts.The safety and cytotoxicity of the resulting fractions were assessed to identify the most promising active fraction.Phytochemical profiling of the active fraction was further analyzed using GC-MS,and in silico analyses of its major phytochemicals were performed to screen the phytochemicals for application po-tential.The results showed that the water fraction was the most toxic to brine shrimp,while the methanol and acetonitrile fractions were favorably safe,and the hexane fraction was non-toxic.Moreover,the acetonitrile fraction(PM-H-A)exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on CT26 colon cancer cells.This was validated by dose-dependent morphological changes,colony formation inhibition,apoptosis induction,cell cycle arrest,and cell migration suppression in CT26 cells.Notably,PM-H-A also demonstrated inhibitory effects in the 3D culture model of CT26 cells.GC-MS analysis identified nine major phytochemicals in PM-H-A,with the in silico pre-dictions showing remarkable cytotoxicity of these phytochemicals against colon cancer cells,particularly undecanoic acid,dodecanoic acid,and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid.Mechanistic studies revealed that these compounds may exert their anticancer effects by targeting lipid metabolism and inflammation pathways.Among them,9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid stands out due to its favorable pharmacokinetics and safety.Overall,9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid holds pronounced promise as a therapeutic agent for colon cancer,warranting further investigation of its clinical potential.
基金the grant form the Guangdong Science and Technology De-partment (No. 2006B35630009).
文摘OBJECTIVE To study the inhibitory effect of oridonin on the growth of cancer cells. METHODS Fifteen human cancer cell lines were subjected to various concentrations of oridonin in culture medium. The inhibitory rate of cell growth was measured by the MTT assay, and compared with a negative control and 5-Fu-positive control. RESULTS The 50% inhibiting concentration （IC50） and maximal inhibition （Imax） of oridonin shown by studying the growth of the cancer cell lines were as follows： leukemias （HL60 cells： 3.9 μg/ml and 73.8%, K562 cells： 4.3 μg/ml and 76.2%）; esophageal cancers（SHEEC cells： 15.4 μg/ml and 99.2%, Eca109 cells： 15.1 μg/ml and 84.6%, TEl cells： 4.0 μg/ml and 70.2%）; gastric cancers （BGC823 cells： 7.6 μg/ml and 98.7%, SGC7901 cells： 12.3 μg/ml and 85.7%）; colon cancers （HT29 cells： 13.6 μg/ml and 97.2%, HCT cells： 14.5 μg/ml and 96.5%）; liver cancers （Bel7402 cells： 15.2 μg/ml and 89.2%, HepG2 cells： 7.1 μg/ml and 88.3%）; pancreatic cancer （PC3 cells： 11.3 μg/ml and 68.4%）; lung cancer （A549 cells： 18.6 μg/ml and 98.0% ）; breast cancer （MCF7 cells： 18.4 μg/ml and 84.7%）; uterine cervix cancer （Hela cells： 13.7 μg/ml and 98.5%）. CONCLUSION Oridonin had a relatively wide anti-tumor spectrum, and a relatively strong inhibitory effect on the growth of the 15 human cancer cells. Inhibitory effects were concentration dependent.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81070999the foundation of Xi’an Jiaotong University,No.95,2009+2 种基金Foundation of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,No.RC(GG)201109the US National Institutes of Health,No.NS046560the American Heart Association,No.0450142Z
文摘In this study, a rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia was established by performing 100 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion, and an in vitro model of experimental oxygen-glucose deprivation using cultured rat cortical neurons was established. Proprotein convertase 2 activity gradually decreased in the ischemic cortex with increasing duration of reperfusion. In cultured rat cortical neurons, the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated 2＇-deoxyuridine 5＇-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling-positive neurons significantly increased and proprotein convertase 2 activity also decreased gradually with increasing duration of oxygen-glucose deprivation. These experimental findings indicate that proprotein convertase 2 activity decreases in ischemic rat cortex after reperfusion, as well as in cultured rat cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation. These changes in enzyme activity may play an important pathological role in brain injury.
文摘In this study,diltiazem hydrochloride(DTZ)pellets were prepared successfully by extrusionespheronization method.Then methacrylic acid and ethylcellulose coating formulations were employed to make the DTZ pellets sustained release.The pellets with different coatings were investigated by in vitro dissolution tests.At last,the pellets with the best coating copolymer were subjected to pharmacokinetic studies in beagle dogs.The dissolution profiles of pellets coated with EudragitNE30D were similar to Herbesser,one of the marketed sustained release capsules.In the bioavailability study,the principal pharmacokinetic parameters of self-made pellets and the marketed ones were comparable;the relative bioavailability of DTZ sustained release capsules compared with Herbesserwas 98.536.4%.All the data indicated self-made sustained pellets could prolong the release of DTZ,decrease the fluctuation of drug level in vivo,and increase the compliance of patients.
文摘Hemorrhoidal disease is a prevalent anorectal condition which is generally not managed well with cur- rent pharmacologic interventions. However, in Iranian traditional medicine （ITM） there are numerous plants with hemorrhoid-healing properties. The present research assembled plants with hemorrhoid- healing properties in ITM; their related pharmacological effects, phytochemical constituents and mech- anisms of action in the modern medicine were also gathered. For this purpose, leading ITM textbooks were searched for plants with hemorrhoid-healing effects. Further, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies on the most cited species were considered using scientific databases. Studying ITM textbooks revealed 37 medicinal plants with hemorrhoid-healing effects. Among the mentioned herbal medicines, six species, including Allium ampeloprasum, Phyllanthus emblica, Aloe vera, Terminalia chebula, Vitis vinifera and Comrniphora mukul, had the largest number of related pharmacological effects documented in scientific databases. These herbs from ITM should be considered as important resources for producing novel drugs for hemorrhoid treatment.
文摘We present an editorial on an article that highlights the benefits of dexmedeto-midine(Dex)in colon cancer surgeries,which have been thoroughly investigated in the referenced publication involving 117 subjects.Of these patients,59(group A)received Dex before anesthesia induction,while 58(group B)received normal saline.Group A patients demonstrated several advantages over Group B,inclu-ding lower propofol and remifentanil requirements,improved cerebral oxygena-tion as measured by regional cerebral oxygen saturation,better hemodynamic stability,and reduced incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.In addi-tion to its sedative and analgesic effects,Dex decreases the need for other anes-thetic agents and enhances cerebral oxygenation in elderly patients undergoing colorectal surgery.The literature also supports the anti-inflammatory properties of Dex,which can reduce surgical stress and improve postoperative recovery in cancer patients.This editorial focuses on the various benefits of Dex,particularly its role in maintaining hemodynamic stability and facilitating early recovery in cancer patients.
基金supported by the Ministère des Relations internationales et de la Francophonie(MRIF)of Quebec(ⅩⅥth Quebec-Mexico Working group 2017-2019#30400201)the Ministère de l'Economie,de laScience et de l'Innovation(MESI)of Quebec(PSR-SIIRI-984)+2 种基金the Sao Paulo Research Foundation-Fundacao de Amparoa Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo(FAPESP)for the scholarship in Brazil(Process #15/19375-0)scholarship abroad(Process #18/05315-3)awarded to A.T.Holkemthe NSERC for the scholarship awarded to V.Robichaud.
文摘This work aimed to develop a novel formulation based on human milk(HM)enriched with a probiotic formulation comprised of Lactobacillus acidophilus CL1285,Lactobacillus casei LBC80R and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CLR2 and to evaluate in vitro and in vivo anticancer properties and its impact on the prevention of risk factors of metabolic syndrome(MetS).In vitro studies were conducted on Hepa-1c1c7,HT-29,and CHO-K1 cell lines to assess the antiproliferative and anticancer properties of HM and probiotics.The in vivo study was conducted with 28 male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD).Rats were daily force-fed with HM and HM+probiotics or water for 8 weeks.Inflammation and oxidative stress were monitored through blood cytokines and kidney investigation.Body weight and blood glucose were recorded throughout the study.The results showed that HM had antiproliferative properties and caused apoptosis of intestinal tumoral cells.Quinone reductase(QR)was induced up to 1.8x in Hepa-1c1c7 cell line demonstrating chemotherapeutic potential.HM enriched with probiotics reduced weight gain by 10% while renal oxidative damages were reduced by up to 97%.Blood insulin and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1(PAI-1)levels were also significantly reduced.The study showed that HM had antiproliferative and chemopreventive properties on cancer cell lines.The in vivo experiment suggests that the development of a formulation based on HM powder enriched with probiotics could be used to modulate the rate of inflammation and oxidative damage to tissues,thus reducing the risk of obesity-related diseases.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82203836,82273219,82571530)the Clinical Research Center for Gastrointestinal Cancer In Hunan Province(2021SK4016)+2 种基金the“Scientific Research Climbing Plan”of Hunan Cancer Hospital(YF2021003,IIT2021006)the Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission(20256844)the High-Level Talent Support Program of Hunan Cancer Hospita1(20250804-1007).
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a prevalent malignant tumor,and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated.The tumor microenvironment(TME)and ferroptosis in cancer cells are key drivers of tumor progression and metastasis.This research revealed that elevated INHBA expression in CRC tissues correlates with unfavorable clinical outcomes.In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that elevated INHBA enhances CRC cellular growth,migration,and invasion,whereas INHBA knockdown inhibits these malignant biological behaviors.Further investigation revealed that INHBA drives malignancy by reprogramming tumorassociated macrophages(TAMs)toward the M2 phenotype in the TME and by inhibiting mitochondrial-dependent ferroptosis in CRC cells.Mechanistically,INHBA upregulates SLC25A10 to activate the succinate/SUCNR1 axis,thus facilitating M2-like TAM polarization.It also activates the mitochondrial glutathione(mtGSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)pathway to suppress mitochondria-dependent ferroptosis in CRC cells.Additionally,INHBA acts as a scaffold protein to inhibit TRIM21-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of SLC25A10,thereby stabilizing the SLC25A10 protein.In summary,INHBA drives tumor progression by remodeling the immune microenvironment and antagonizing ferroptosis in CRC cells,providing a theoretical basis for developing INHBA-targeted inhibitors or combined immunoferroptosis therapeutic strategies.
