Ethambutol is a common cause of drug-related optic neuropathy.Prediction of the onset of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy and consequent drug withdrawal may be an effective method to stop visual loss.Previous studi...Ethambutol is a common cause of drug-related optic neuropathy.Prediction of the onset of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy and consequent drug withdrawal may be an effective method to stop visual loss.Previous studies have shown that structural injury to the optic nerve occurred earlier than the damage to visual function.Therefore,we decided to detect structural biomarkers marking visual field loss in early stage ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.The thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer,macular thickness and visual sensitivity loss would be observed in 11 ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy patients（22 eyes） using optical coherence tomography.Twenty-four healthy age-and sex-matched participants（48 eyes） were used as controls.Results demonstrated that the temporal peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and average macular thickness were thinner in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy compared with healthy controls.The average macular thickness was strongly positively correlated with central visual sensitivity loss（r2=0.878,P=0.000）.These findings suggest that optical coherence tomography can be used to efficiently screen patients.Macular thickness loss could be a potential factor for predicting the onset of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.展开更多
Dear Editor,Coma, the vegetative state （VS）, and the minimally- conscious state （MCS）, often collectively referred to as disorders of consciousness （DOCs）, typically occur after severe traumatic or non-traumatic...Dear Editor,Coma, the vegetative state （VS）, and the minimally- conscious state （MCS）, often collectively referred to as disorders of consciousness （DOCs）, typically occur after severe traumatic or non-traumatic brain injury [1]. The boundary between awareness and unawareness remains elusive, making it difficult to correctly distinguish MCS from VS patients. It is possible to employ noninvasive neuroimaging techniques, such as functional MRI （fMRI） [2] to assess residual cognitive processing as well as consciousness. However, the causal link between neural activity in specific brain areas and specific behavioral tasks is hard to dissect using fMRI [3]. Therefore, detecting residual cognitive function and consciousness in patients surviving severe brain injury remains extremely challenging.展开更多
To clarify the function effect of spectrum and linear polarization-coupled light on locusts’induction,determine the influence factors of linearly polarized light on locusts’polartactic characteristics,construct the ...To clarify the function effect of spectrum and linear polarization-coupled light on locusts’induction,determine the influence factors of linearly polarized light on locusts’polartactic characteristics,construct the technical characteristics of locusts’polarization induction,and develop locusts’polartactic induction photo-source,this study investigated the functional influence of spectral light and linear polarization-coupled light on locust phototactic and polartactic behavior.A linearly polarized light source system was used to determine the polartactic response of locusts induced by different linearly polarized vectors under normal light conditions.The results demonstrated that,within the context of spectral and linear polarization-coupled light,the visual response sensitivity of locusts was related to the spectral light intensity,being highest in response to orange light intensity.The visual aggregation and selective sensitivities of locusts were both influenced by spectral irradiation distance,with the violet spectrum inducing the strongest sensitivity in both cases.The polartactic chord function tuning response characteristics at different angles(0°-360°)were associated with linear polarization spectrum attributes.The polartactic response of locusts was related to changes in visual sensitivity resulting from the distance from the linear polarization light source,being optimal in response to the orange spectrum,whereas the violet spectrum induced the optimal visual and polartactic aggregation sensitivities.Furthermore,the specificity of chord function tuning response characteristics with periodic vector variations in a heterogeneous spectrum showed significant changes.An orange spectrum vector mode led to the most pronounced changes in response,whereas the violet spectrum vector mode exhibited the most significant changes in chord function properties.These variations in chord function and period induced by spectrum impacted the functional effect of linear polarization vector modes and reset the sensitive vector of locust polarization vision.Specifically,under the orange spectrum,locusts exhibited the highest polartactic response sensitivity at 330°vector,whereas,under the violet spectrum,the polartactic aggregation sensitivity was most pronounced at 30°vector,and visual trend sensitivity was optimal at 120°vector.Our results provide theoretical support for the study of the specific sensitivity nature of locust phototactic and polartactic behaviors,and the construction of a mechanism for inducing the polarization spectrum in locusts.展开更多
This paper introduces the application of electronic watermark in presswork anti-imitation. There are two parts: creating and embedding the electronic watermark. The approach is to hide the watermark which is formed by...This paper introduces the application of electronic watermark in presswork anti-imitation. There are two parts: creating and embedding the electronic watermark. The approach is to hide the watermark which is formed by chaos sequence used logistic algorithms into a color image, using the theory of visual sensitivity difference towards concolorous light. The other is the intellectualizing electronic watermark test device, which contains charge coupled device array and digital signal processing processor. This low cost test device together with electronic watermark printed on press products formed a sophisticated technical system of anti-imitation on presswork. The method and application system have been tested and the Anti-imitation effect is good.展开更多
The visual integrity of mountains contributing to cultural landscapes as nature-culture attributes is often obscured by the vertical intrusive built environment,especially in bufer areas of protected heritage zones.Th...The visual integrity of mountains contributing to cultural landscapes as nature-culture attributes is often obscured by the vertical intrusive built environment,especially in bufer areas of protected heritage zones.Therefore,this study argued that even low/medium-rise buildings that inappropriately appear in the horizontal visual plane could be a factor increasing sensitivity to this panoramic view.An integrative tool–visual sensitivity assessment–consists of Viewshed and Skyline analysis considering the pedestrian’s visual limitation in identifying the sensitive areas of the mountain view corridor in the historic city of Chiang Mai.The visible mountain areas(VMAs)were determined as a baseline,and their relationship with the visible building areas(VBAs)was then examined using statistical correlation to defne a strong negative relationship as the visual sensitive areas in fve zones.The results showed that the bufer zone was found to have more areas with visual sensitivity values,but this varies depending on the characteristics of buildings and the assessment from the view corridor.Meanwhile,in height-restricted areas,such as historic area zone 5,there are some concerns about the visual intrusion,which necessitates continuous monitoring using the assessment result as a guideline.Incorporating the results into implementation could support cultural landscape conservation in Chiang Mai city.The method is applicable in historic cities with similar settings to produce the baseline for the built environment that is harmonious with the cultural and historical characteristics of the city and with respect to its broader setting.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program),No.2015AA020511
文摘Ethambutol is a common cause of drug-related optic neuropathy.Prediction of the onset of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy and consequent drug withdrawal may be an effective method to stop visual loss.Previous studies have shown that structural injury to the optic nerve occurred earlier than the damage to visual function.Therefore,we decided to detect structural biomarkers marking visual field loss in early stage ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.The thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer,macular thickness and visual sensitivity loss would be observed in 11 ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy patients（22 eyes） using optical coherence tomography.Twenty-four healthy age-and sex-matched participants（48 eyes） were used as controls.Results demonstrated that the temporal peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and average macular thickness were thinner in patients with ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy compared with healthy controls.The average macular thickness was strongly positively correlated with central visual sensitivity loss（r2=0.878,P=0.000）.These findings suggest that optical coherence tomography can be used to efficiently screen patients.Macular thickness loss could be a potential factor for predicting the onset of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy.
基金supported by the Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2015A030313609)the Guangzhou Municipal Project for Science and Technology Foundation(201508020253)
文摘Dear Editor,Coma, the vegetative state （VS）, and the minimally- conscious state （MCS）, often collectively referred to as disorders of consciousness （DOCs）, typically occur after severe traumatic or non-traumatic brain injury [1]. The boundary between awareness and unawareness remains elusive, making it difficult to correctly distinguish MCS from VS patients. It is possible to employ noninvasive neuroimaging techniques, such as functional MRI （fMRI） [2] to assess residual cognitive processing as well as consciousness. However, the causal link between neural activity in specific brain areas and specific behavioral tasks is hard to dissect using fMRI [3]. Therefore, detecting residual cognitive function and consciousness in patients surviving severe brain injury remains extremely challenging.
基金supported by the Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province,China(Grant No.242102111179,222102210116,222102320080)he Natural Science Foundation Project of Henan Province,China(Grant No.232300420024).
文摘To clarify the function effect of spectrum and linear polarization-coupled light on locusts’induction,determine the influence factors of linearly polarized light on locusts’polartactic characteristics,construct the technical characteristics of locusts’polarization induction,and develop locusts’polartactic induction photo-source,this study investigated the functional influence of spectral light and linear polarization-coupled light on locust phototactic and polartactic behavior.A linearly polarized light source system was used to determine the polartactic response of locusts induced by different linearly polarized vectors under normal light conditions.The results demonstrated that,within the context of spectral and linear polarization-coupled light,the visual response sensitivity of locusts was related to the spectral light intensity,being highest in response to orange light intensity.The visual aggregation and selective sensitivities of locusts were both influenced by spectral irradiation distance,with the violet spectrum inducing the strongest sensitivity in both cases.The polartactic chord function tuning response characteristics at different angles(0°-360°)were associated with linear polarization spectrum attributes.The polartactic response of locusts was related to changes in visual sensitivity resulting from the distance from the linear polarization light source,being optimal in response to the orange spectrum,whereas the violet spectrum induced the optimal visual and polartactic aggregation sensitivities.Furthermore,the specificity of chord function tuning response characteristics with periodic vector variations in a heterogeneous spectrum showed significant changes.An orange spectrum vector mode led to the most pronounced changes in response,whereas the violet spectrum vector mode exhibited the most significant changes in chord function properties.These variations in chord function and period induced by spectrum impacted the functional effect of linear polarization vector modes and reset the sensitive vector of locust polarization vision.Specifically,under the orange spectrum,locusts exhibited the highest polartactic response sensitivity at 330°vector,whereas,under the violet spectrum,the polartactic aggregation sensitivity was most pronounced at 30°vector,and visual trend sensitivity was optimal at 120°vector.Our results provide theoretical support for the study of the specific sensitivity nature of locust phototactic and polartactic behaviors,and the construction of a mechanism for inducing the polarization spectrum in locusts.
文摘This paper introduces the application of electronic watermark in presswork anti-imitation. There are two parts: creating and embedding the electronic watermark. The approach is to hide the watermark which is formed by chaos sequence used logistic algorithms into a color image, using the theory of visual sensitivity difference towards concolorous light. The other is the intellectualizing electronic watermark test device, which contains charge coupled device array and digital signal processing processor. This low cost test device together with electronic watermark printed on press products formed a sophisticated technical system of anti-imitation on presswork. The method and application system have been tested and the Anti-imitation effect is good.
基金JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP20KK0101,JP20F40066.
文摘The visual integrity of mountains contributing to cultural landscapes as nature-culture attributes is often obscured by the vertical intrusive built environment,especially in bufer areas of protected heritage zones.Therefore,this study argued that even low/medium-rise buildings that inappropriately appear in the horizontal visual plane could be a factor increasing sensitivity to this panoramic view.An integrative tool–visual sensitivity assessment–consists of Viewshed and Skyline analysis considering the pedestrian’s visual limitation in identifying the sensitive areas of the mountain view corridor in the historic city of Chiang Mai.The visible mountain areas(VMAs)were determined as a baseline,and their relationship with the visible building areas(VBAs)was then examined using statistical correlation to defne a strong negative relationship as the visual sensitive areas in fve zones.The results showed that the bufer zone was found to have more areas with visual sensitivity values,but this varies depending on the characteristics of buildings and the assessment from the view corridor.Meanwhile,in height-restricted areas,such as historic area zone 5,there are some concerns about the visual intrusion,which necessitates continuous monitoring using the assessment result as a guideline.Incorporating the results into implementation could support cultural landscape conservation in Chiang Mai city.The method is applicable in historic cities with similar settings to produce the baseline for the built environment that is harmonious with the cultural and historical characteristics of the city and with respect to its broader setting.
