The use of online discussion forum can?effectively engage students in their studies. As the number of messages posted on the forum is increasing, it is more difficult for instructors to read and respond to them in a p...The use of online discussion forum can?effectively engage students in their studies. As the number of messages posted on the forum is increasing, it is more difficult for instructors to read and respond to them in a prompt way. In this paper, we apply non-negative matrix factorization and visualization to clustering message data, in order to provide a summary view of messages that disclose their deep semantic relationships. In particular, the NMF is able to find the underlying issues hidden in the messages about which most of the students are concerned. Visualization is employed to estimate the initial number of clusters, showing the relation communities. The experiments and comparison on a real dataset have been reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approaches.展开更多
An object model-based tracking method is useful for tracking multiple objects, but the main difficulties are modeling objects reliably and tracking objects via models in successive frames. An effective tracking method...An object model-based tracking method is useful for tracking multiple objects, but the main difficulties are modeling objects reliably and tracking objects via models in successive frames. An effective tracking method using the object models is proposed to track multiple objects in a real-time visual surveillance system. Firstly, for detecting objects, an adaptive kernel density estimation method is utilized, which uses an adaptive bandwidth and features combining colour and gradient. Secondly, some models of objects are built for describing motion, shape and colour features. Then, a matching matrix is formed to analyze tracking situations. If objects are tracked under occlusions, the optimal ＂visual＂ object is found to represent the occluded object, and the posterior probability of pixel is used to determine which pixel is utilized for updating object models. Extensive experiments show that this method improves the accuracy and validity of tracking objects even under occlusions and is used in real-time visual surveillance systems.展开更多
"视觉词袋"(Bag of Visual Words,BOV)算法是一种有效的基于语义特征表达的物体识别算法。针对传统BOV模型存在的不足,综合利用SAR图像的灰度和纹理特征,提出基于感兴趣目标(Target of Interest,TOI)的"视觉词袋"..."视觉词袋"(Bag of Visual Words,BOV)算法是一种有效的基于语义特征表达的物体识别算法。针对传统BOV模型存在的不足,综合利用SAR图像的灰度和纹理特征,提出基于感兴趣目标(Target of Interest,TOI)的"视觉词袋"算法。首先,对训练图像进行TOI选取,用灰度共生矩阵模型提取TOI的纹理特征,再结合灰度特征,组成多维特征向量集,以簇内相似度最高、数据分布密度最大为准则,生成"视觉词袋"。其次,对测试图像,依据已生成的"视觉词袋",采用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类器,实现SAR图像感兴趣目标的有效分类。实验结果表明,与传统的"视觉词袋"构建算法相比,该算法在分类正确率提高的同时,能够在训练图像较少的情况下达到良好的分类效果。展开更多
The concept of group construction vector and independent construction vector for visual cryptography is proposed, and the method based on construction vector is presented for con-structing basis matrices. The general ...The concept of group construction vector and independent construction vector for visual cryptography is proposed, and the method based on construction vector is presented for con-structing basis matrices. The general solutions to construction vectors and the general solutions to k out of n visual cryptographic schemes are obtained. Using the construction vectors, everyone can construct visual cryptographic schemes simply and efficaciously according to the formulas. The concept and the general solutions to construction vector present a good idea for researches on visual cryptographic schemes, including structural properties, the bound of pixel expansion and contrast, and optimal construction.展开更多
文摘The use of online discussion forum can?effectively engage students in their studies. As the number of messages posted on the forum is increasing, it is more difficult for instructors to read and respond to them in a prompt way. In this paper, we apply non-negative matrix factorization and visualization to clustering message data, in order to provide a summary view of messages that disclose their deep semantic relationships. In particular, the NMF is able to find the underlying issues hidden in the messages about which most of the students are concerned. Visualization is employed to estimate the initial number of clusters, showing the relation communities. The experiments and comparison on a real dataset have been reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approaches.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60835004 60775047+2 种基金 60872130)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2007AA04Z244 2008AA04Z214)
文摘An object model-based tracking method is useful for tracking multiple objects, but the main difficulties are modeling objects reliably and tracking objects via models in successive frames. An effective tracking method using the object models is proposed to track multiple objects in a real-time visual surveillance system. Firstly, for detecting objects, an adaptive kernel density estimation method is utilized, which uses an adaptive bandwidth and features combining colour and gradient. Secondly, some models of objects are built for describing motion, shape and colour features. Then, a matching matrix is formed to analyze tracking situations. If objects are tracked under occlusions, the optimal ＂visual＂ object is found to represent the occluded object, and the posterior probability of pixel is used to determine which pixel is utilized for updating object models. Extensive experiments show that this method improves the accuracy and validity of tracking objects even under occlusions and is used in real-time visual surveillance systems.
文摘"视觉词袋"(Bag of Visual Words,BOV)算法是一种有效的基于语义特征表达的物体识别算法。针对传统BOV模型存在的不足,综合利用SAR图像的灰度和纹理特征,提出基于感兴趣目标(Target of Interest,TOI)的"视觉词袋"算法。首先,对训练图像进行TOI选取,用灰度共生矩阵模型提取TOI的纹理特征,再结合灰度特征,组成多维特征向量集,以簇内相似度最高、数据分布密度最大为准则,生成"视觉词袋"。其次,对测试图像,依据已生成的"视觉词袋",采用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类器,实现SAR图像感兴趣目标的有效分类。实验结果表明,与传统的"视觉词袋"构建算法相比,该算法在分类正确率提高的同时,能够在训练图像较少的情况下达到良好的分类效果。
文摘The concept of group construction vector and independent construction vector for visual cryptography is proposed, and the method based on construction vector is presented for con-structing basis matrices. The general solutions to construction vectors and the general solutions to k out of n visual cryptographic schemes are obtained. Using the construction vectors, everyone can construct visual cryptographic schemes simply and efficaciously according to the formulas. The concept and the general solutions to construction vector present a good idea for researches on visual cryptographic schemes, including structural properties, the bound of pixel expansion and contrast, and optimal construction.
