Visual depth(distance)perception is a fundamental aspect of environmental cognition,as it allows people to judge the spatial scale of their surroundings.However,estimating the depth of classical Chinese gardens is cha...Visual depth(distance)perception is a fundamental aspect of environmental cognition,as it allows people to judge the spatial scale of their surroundings.However,estimating the depth of classical Chinese gardens is challenging,especially from static viewpoints that frame the scenery.Previous studies have examined how the internal components of the scenery frame affect depth perception.Still,the role of the frame and its peripheral information as environmental background have been largely overlooked.This study investigates how depth perception at viewpoints is influenced by viewing position displacement,frame geometry,and environmental context.The authors created nine stimulus materials in a cave virtual reality environment(three image treatments×three positions).Seventy-one participants were asked to evaluate depth perception using the magnitude estimation and adjustment methods.Their eye movement behavior was also recorded using an eye-movement instrument(SensoMotoric Instruments(SMI)eye-tracking glasses,120 Hz).The results showed that participants could perceive spatial depth differences between viewing positions even when the internal viewpoint displacement was small;frame shape did not significantly affect depth perception and gaze behavior;and peripheral visual information of the frame enhanced depth perception significantly.Moreover,the form of the environmental background,especially the position of the scenery window,strongly guided the participants'gaze.These findings suggest that ambient visual information significantly impacts environmental experience,which landscape designers should consider.展开更多
Objective: The current study aimed to assess the association between the type of anisometropia and its effects on monocular and binocular best-corrected vision acuity (BCVA), aniseikonia, and stereopsis in the absence...Objective: The current study aimed to assess the association between the type of anisometropia and its effects on monocular and binocular best-corrected vision acuity (BCVA), aniseikonia, and stereopsis in the absence of strabismus. Methods: In total, 162 individuals with anisometropia and healthy eyes and without a previous history of amblyopia therapy and eye surgery were included in the analysis. According to spherical and cylindrical components and spherical equivalent, they were divided into the spherical hyperopic anisometropia (SHA, n = 31), spherical myopic anisometropia (SMA, n = 45), astigmatic or cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA, n = 22), and astigmatic or cylindrical myopic anisometropia (CMA, n = 64) groups. Patients without anisometropia (NA, n = 188) were classified under the control group. The effects of anisometropia on monocular and binocular BCVA, aniseikonia, and stereoacuity were examined. Results: The NA group had a significantly lower LogMAR of BCVA of the right eye (RE), left eye (LE), worse eye than the SHA, SMA, CMA, and CHA groups. Moreover, the SMA group had significantly lower LogMAR of BCVA than the CHA group (p Conclusion: Worse visual levels of the RE, LE, worse eye, BCVA difference, and lower stereopsis were evidenced in each type of anisometropia defined in this study. Cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA) resulted in a statically significant worsening VA level and stereopsis than cylindrical myopic (CMA) or spherical myopic anisometropia.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52408006,52038007)。
文摘Visual depth(distance)perception is a fundamental aspect of environmental cognition,as it allows people to judge the spatial scale of their surroundings.However,estimating the depth of classical Chinese gardens is challenging,especially from static viewpoints that frame the scenery.Previous studies have examined how the internal components of the scenery frame affect depth perception.Still,the role of the frame and its peripheral information as environmental background have been largely overlooked.This study investigates how depth perception at viewpoints is influenced by viewing position displacement,frame geometry,and environmental context.The authors created nine stimulus materials in a cave virtual reality environment(three image treatments×three positions).Seventy-one participants were asked to evaluate depth perception using the magnitude estimation and adjustment methods.Their eye movement behavior was also recorded using an eye-movement instrument(SensoMotoric Instruments(SMI)eye-tracking glasses,120 Hz).The results showed that participants could perceive spatial depth differences between viewing positions even when the internal viewpoint displacement was small;frame shape did not significantly affect depth perception and gaze behavior;and peripheral visual information of the frame enhanced depth perception significantly.Moreover,the form of the environmental background,especially the position of the scenery window,strongly guided the participants'gaze.These findings suggest that ambient visual information significantly impacts environmental experience,which landscape designers should consider.
文摘Objective: The current study aimed to assess the association between the type of anisometropia and its effects on monocular and binocular best-corrected vision acuity (BCVA), aniseikonia, and stereopsis in the absence of strabismus. Methods: In total, 162 individuals with anisometropia and healthy eyes and without a previous history of amblyopia therapy and eye surgery were included in the analysis. According to spherical and cylindrical components and spherical equivalent, they were divided into the spherical hyperopic anisometropia (SHA, n = 31), spherical myopic anisometropia (SMA, n = 45), astigmatic or cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA, n = 22), and astigmatic or cylindrical myopic anisometropia (CMA, n = 64) groups. Patients without anisometropia (NA, n = 188) were classified under the control group. The effects of anisometropia on monocular and binocular BCVA, aniseikonia, and stereoacuity were examined. Results: The NA group had a significantly lower LogMAR of BCVA of the right eye (RE), left eye (LE), worse eye than the SHA, SMA, CMA, and CHA groups. Moreover, the SMA group had significantly lower LogMAR of BCVA than the CHA group (p Conclusion: Worse visual levels of the RE, LE, worse eye, BCVA difference, and lower stereopsis were evidenced in each type of anisometropia defined in this study. Cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA) resulted in a statically significant worsening VA level and stereopsis than cylindrical myopic (CMA) or spherical myopic anisometropia.
