A record-breaking prolonged and extreme rainstorm occurred in Henan province,China during 18–23 July 2021.Global and regional numerical weather prediction(NWP)models consistently underpredicted both the 24-h accumula...A record-breaking prolonged and extreme rainstorm occurred in Henan province,China during 18–23 July 2021.Global and regional numerical weather prediction(NWP)models consistently underpredicted both the 24-h accumulated rainfall amount and the 1-h extreme precipitation in Zhengzhou city.This study examines the potential impacts of data assimilation(DA)of atmospheric vertical profiles based on the train-based mobile observation(MO)platforms on precipitation forecasts.The research involved assimilating virtual train-based air temperature(Ta),relative humidity(RH),U and V components of wind profile data based on the ERA5 reanalysis datasets into the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model using three-dimensional variational(3DVar)method.Analysis confirms the reliability of Ta,RH,and wind speed(WS)profiles from ERA5 reanalysis datasets.The assimilation of virtual train-based moisture profiles enhanced the RH analysis field.Furthermore,the forecasts more accurately represented the coverage and intensity of the 6-hour and 24-hour accumulated precipitation,as well as areas with maximum rainfall durations exceeding 20 hours.The threat score(TS)and bias metrics for 6-h,12-h and 24-h accumulated precipitation forecasts showed marked improvement for heavy to torrential rain in Henan province,particularly in the Central and Northern regions(hereinafter referred to region CNH).The TS for 24-h accumulated precipitation forecasts at 50 and 100 mm rainfall levels increased by 0.17 and 0.18 in Henan province,and by 0.13 and 0.18 in region CNH.During the rainstorm period,water vapor content increased substantially,with enhanced moisture transport from south of Henan province to region CNH driven by southwesterly winds,accompanied by significantly strengthened updrafts.These improvement in water vapor and upward motion ultimately enhanced the forecasts of this extreme rainstorm event.展开更多
Purpose:This study examined the role of virtual student mobility(VSM)programs in developing international education partnerships and explored key factors for building successful transnational partnerships.Design/Appro...Purpose:This study examined the role of virtual student mobility(VSM)programs in developing international education partnerships and explored key factors for building successful transnational partnerships.Design/Approach/Methods:Drawing on Yin's case study approach,we explored several VSM programs offered by a Japanese national university in partnership with four research universities in China.Data sources included an autoethnographic account of planning and organizing virtual exchange programs and interviews with the partner universities'virtual exchange program coor-dinators as well as with students who took different virtual exchange courses under the partner-ship.Findings:Our case study showed that VSM models require significant collaboration,support,and commitment from universities to offer high-quality exchange programs.The initial establishment of VSM programs relies on existing relationships,clear communication,and a commitment to col-laborate;however,VSM programs'success depends heavily on the quality of online support,as well as inter-university communication and collaboration between administrators and faculty and intra-university communication and collaboration with partner universities.Based on the research results and the previous literature on international higher education partnerships,we propose a renewed partnership model in VSM comprising three main characteristics:(I)effective coordination and support,(2)effective communication,and(3)a commitment to partnership.Originality/Value:Amidst emerging VSM models in higher education,this study contributes to the literature by proposing a renewed partnership model for sustaining VSM programs.展开更多
The rapid development of informational accessibility, virtual commutability, and their impacts on cities are becoming parts of the very core of concerns of contemporary urban design theories and methodologies. The lev...The rapid development of informational accessibility, virtual commutability, and their impacts on cities are becoming parts of the very core of concerns of contemporary urban design theories and methodologies. The level of access to the new means of cybermobility is becoming a formative factor for socio-spatial gradients and demographic patterns in urban and suburban settings. While the new hyper drive towards the ubiquitous virtual mobility is becoming the dominant mode of our being, it is exposing disparate consequences to cultural experiences, economic conditions, and socio-spatial networks of communities The paper is devoted to elaborate the transformational role of cybernomadic experiences on social interaction for a resilient design of urban communities. The ultimate goal is to identify the applicability of new technological opportunities to empowering the urban poor and finding out the challenges facing urban design territories. The paper also reflects on Jane Jacobs＇ urban vision for the future and its specific lens展开更多
基金R&D major projects from China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.(K2022G039)Tibet Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program Project(XZ202402ZD0006-06)+1 种基金Open bidding project for selecting the best candidates from China Meteorological Administration(CMAJBGS202303)The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0105)。
文摘A record-breaking prolonged and extreme rainstorm occurred in Henan province,China during 18–23 July 2021.Global and regional numerical weather prediction(NWP)models consistently underpredicted both the 24-h accumulated rainfall amount and the 1-h extreme precipitation in Zhengzhou city.This study examines the potential impacts of data assimilation(DA)of atmospheric vertical profiles based on the train-based mobile observation(MO)platforms on precipitation forecasts.The research involved assimilating virtual train-based air temperature(Ta),relative humidity(RH),U and V components of wind profile data based on the ERA5 reanalysis datasets into the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model using three-dimensional variational(3DVar)method.Analysis confirms the reliability of Ta,RH,and wind speed(WS)profiles from ERA5 reanalysis datasets.The assimilation of virtual train-based moisture profiles enhanced the RH analysis field.Furthermore,the forecasts more accurately represented the coverage and intensity of the 6-hour and 24-hour accumulated precipitation,as well as areas with maximum rainfall durations exceeding 20 hours.The threat score(TS)and bias metrics for 6-h,12-h and 24-h accumulated precipitation forecasts showed marked improvement for heavy to torrential rain in Henan province,particularly in the Central and Northern regions(hereinafter referred to region CNH).The TS for 24-h accumulated precipitation forecasts at 50 and 100 mm rainfall levels increased by 0.17 and 0.18 in Henan province,and by 0.13 and 0.18 in region CNH.During the rainstorm period,water vapor content increased substantially,with enhanced moisture transport from south of Henan province to region CNH driven by southwesterly winds,accompanied by significantly strengthened updrafts.These improvement in water vapor and upward motion ultimately enhanced the forecasts of this extreme rainstorm event.
基金supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(grant number 21K13602).
文摘Purpose:This study examined the role of virtual student mobility(VSM)programs in developing international education partnerships and explored key factors for building successful transnational partnerships.Design/Approach/Methods:Drawing on Yin's case study approach,we explored several VSM programs offered by a Japanese national university in partnership with four research universities in China.Data sources included an autoethnographic account of planning and organizing virtual exchange programs and interviews with the partner universities'virtual exchange program coor-dinators as well as with students who took different virtual exchange courses under the partner-ship.Findings:Our case study showed that VSM models require significant collaboration,support,and commitment from universities to offer high-quality exchange programs.The initial establishment of VSM programs relies on existing relationships,clear communication,and a commitment to col-laborate;however,VSM programs'success depends heavily on the quality of online support,as well as inter-university communication and collaboration between administrators and faculty and intra-university communication and collaboration with partner universities.Based on the research results and the previous literature on international higher education partnerships,we propose a renewed partnership model in VSM comprising three main characteristics:(I)effective coordination and support,(2)effective communication,and(3)a commitment to partnership.Originality/Value:Amidst emerging VSM models in higher education,this study contributes to the literature by proposing a renewed partnership model for sustaining VSM programs.
文摘The rapid development of informational accessibility, virtual commutability, and their impacts on cities are becoming parts of the very core of concerns of contemporary urban design theories and methodologies. The level of access to the new means of cybermobility is becoming a formative factor for socio-spatial gradients and demographic patterns in urban and suburban settings. While the new hyper drive towards the ubiquitous virtual mobility is becoming the dominant mode of our being, it is exposing disparate consequences to cultural experiences, economic conditions, and socio-spatial networks of communities The paper is devoted to elaborate the transformational role of cybernomadic experiences on social interaction for a resilient design of urban communities. The ultimate goal is to identify the applicability of new technological opportunities to empowering the urban poor and finding out the challenges facing urban design territories. The paper also reflects on Jane Jacobs＇ urban vision for the future and its specific lens
