BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a major public health concern linked to psychiatric and physical morbidity.However,evidence from East Asia,particularly from registry-based and sex-inclusive analyses,remain...BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a major public health concern linked to psychiatric and physical morbidity.However,evidence from East Asia,particularly from registry-based and sex-inclusive analyses,remains limited.We hypothesized that IPV survivors would have elevated risks of psychiatric disorders and stressrelated physical conditions.AIM To assess psychiatric and physical health risks following IPV exposure in Taiwan.METHODS We conducted a nationwide,registry-based case control study using data from Taiwan’s Health and Welfare Data Science Center.Adults aged 18-64 years with a first IPV report in 2019(n=43393)were matched 1:1 by sex and age to controls.Incident diagnoses within 1 year were identified from claims data.Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios(AORs).RESULTS Compared to controls,IPV survivors had higher risks of depressive disorders[AOR=4.18,95%confidence interval(CI):3.78-4.60,P<0.001],bipolar disorder(AOR=4.81,95%CI:3.83-6.10,P<0.001),schizophrenia(AOR=1.75,95%CI:1.46-2.10,P<0.001),and alcohol/substance use disorders(AOR=5.98,95%CI:2.21-8.50,P<0.001).The risk of asthma was modestly elevated(AOR=1.31,95%CI:1.08-1.60,P=0.006).No significant association was observed for irritable bowel syndrome(P=0.94).CONCLUSION IPV survivors in Taiwan face substantially increased psychiatric risk and a modestly elevated risk of asthma,warranting early screening and integrated mental and physical health care.展开更多
Economic violence is a form of domestic violence that extends beyond physical harm,affecting victims’economic stability and independence.This situation perpetuates gender inequality and also reinforces the cycle of g...Economic violence is a form of domestic violence that extends beyond physical harm,affecting victims’economic stability and independence.This situation perpetuates gender inequality and also reinforces the cycle of gender-based violence.With definitions of economic violence broadening to encompass a range of coercive and manipulative behaviors-from financial abuse in domestic violence scenarios to the economic harassment faced by stay-at-home moms-understanding this form of exploitation is crucial for crafting effective interventions.This article aims to delve into various facets of economic violence,including its definition,prevalence,and the stark realities it creates for its victims.Following the search of international databases:Social Work Abstracts(EBSCO),Psychology Abstracts,Family and Women Studies Worldwide,Psychiatry Online,Psych INFO(including Psych ARTICLES),PubMed,Wiley,and Scopus,60 peer-reviewed articles that met all inclusion criteria were included in the paper.Our review clarifies that looking forward,the call for a comprehensive understanding of economic violence,enhanced legal frameworks,and the strengthening of supportive networks underscore the multidisciplinary approach required to combat this issue effectively.展开更多
This paper presents the findings of a two-week monitoring project on Gender Based Violence(GBV)in Tanzanian and explores how the media outlets frame the marginalized voices,institutional narratives,and intersectional ...This paper presents the findings of a two-week monitoring project on Gender Based Violence(GBV)in Tanzanian and explores how the media outlets frame the marginalized voices,institutional narratives,and intersectional inclusivity.Drawing qualitative approach and analysis of media coverage of GBV during the 202416 Days of Activism campaign remarkably November 25 to December 10,2024,it reveals the extent that media platforms amplify or marginalize survivor voices.Through two weeks of media monitoring across print,broadcast,and social media including sources notably Mwananchi,TBC1,Cloud FM,and advocacy-driven digital platforms and campaigns through#EndGBVNow and#16DaysOfActivism the study explores recurring themes,language use,tone,and inclusivity.Guided by critical gender theories including Judith Butler’s gender performativity and Gave Tuchman’s symbolic annihilation,the analysis reveals media’s dual role in either perpetuating or challenging patriarchal narratives.Findings indicate that traditional media often foreground prevailing institutional voices while underrepresenting marginalized groups,especially rural women and women with disabilities,portraying harmful cultural practices like FGM and child marriage as community challenges rather than universal human rights violation.Conversely,social media emerged as a transformative space for survivor-led advocacy.Hence the study calls for inclusive,ethical,and survivor-centered media reporting as well as strategic integration of digital and mainstream media to promote justice and policy reform in GBV reporting.展开更多
Introduction: Access to the best quality of obstetrical care sometimes conceals acts and behaviors that fail to respect women’s physical, mental and social integrity. These negative experiences are referred to as obs...Introduction: Access to the best quality of obstetrical care sometimes conceals acts and behaviors that fail to respect women’s physical, mental and social integrity. These negative experiences are referred to as obstetrical violence. The aim of this study is to contribute to improving the quality of maternal health care. Patient and Method: This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative component carried out in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the Maman Elisabeth Domitien University Hospital from November 1 to 30, 2024. All women in childbed seen for postnatal consultations within 42 days of delivery were included. Results: We included 109 women. Age ranged from 16 to 44 years with a mean of 26.9 (±6.02). The majority of women were living in common-law unions with 79.8% and 57.8% of mothers having a secondary education level. More than half of the participants (52.9%) said that they had not been prepared for childbirth during prenatal follow-up and 44.0% had not freely chosen their path of delivery. The vaginal route was the most observed route of delivery (97.3%). Of all vaginal deliveries, episiotomy was performed in 21.7% and uterine revision in 66.0%. For episiotomies, 26.1% of women in childbed were informed about its performance and 87.0% had had a bad experience with this event. For women who had undergone a uterine revision, 52.9% had been informed of its performance and 77.1% had a bad experience with the event. Women in childbed had been victims of inappropriate acts and verbal aggression in 18.4% and 14.7% respectively. Of all the participants, 45.0% said they had experienced the birth episode badly. Conclusion: This study has given us an idea of the subject. However, a large-scale study will enable us to understand the different facets of this subject.展开更多
Objective:Intimate partner violence(IPV)among people living with the human immune deficiency virus(PLHIV)poses a significant threat to efforts to reduce the spread of human immune deficiency virus(HIV)and achieve the ...Objective:Intimate partner violence(IPV)among people living with the human immune deficiency virus(PLHIV)poses a significant threat to efforts to reduce the spread of human immune deficiency virus(HIV)and achieve the sustainable development goals.In Ghana,scholarly research on the forms and prevalence of IPV is available,however knowledge of the prevalence of IPV among PLHIV is limited.To understand the prevalence of IPV among PLHIV and the intersectional factors that contribute to it,this study examined the overall prevalence of IPV among PLHIV and the associated sociodemographic factors across ten regions of Ghana.Methods:We administered face-to-face survey questionnaires to 661 randomly selected antiretroviral therapy(ART)clients using Research Electronic Data Capture tools.We used descriptive statistics(mean,standard deviation,minimum,and maximum),pairwise correlation,and multivariate regression analysis to look at the data.Results:The clients of ART experienced various forms of IPV,including sexual,physical,emotional,and economic violence and controlling behaviour.The overall prevalence of IPV among PLHIV was 27.5%.This result,although on par with the global IPV average(27%),is 1.5%higher than the national rate(26%).The Upper West Region had the highest prevalence in all the categories of IPV analysed,followed by Oti Region in second place and the Upper East Region in third,except for the prevalence of sexual violence,where Greater Accra Region ranks second.In specific regions of Ghana,sociodemographic factors shaped by patriarchal and economic considerations contribute to a higher prevalence of IPV among people living with HIV.Conclusion:The findings have implications for developing policies and interventions that address the specific factors associated with HIV-induced IPV in different regions of Ghana.These interventions should also include screening PLHIV receiving ART for their IPV status regardless of gender and deploying culturally appropriate education at the community level to foster empathy towards intimate partners living with HIV.展开更多
Workplace violence in healthcare settings is increasing worldwide. The risk of verbal and physical aggression towards healthcare workers is especially higher in psychiatry emergency settings. Public safety assistants ...Workplace violence in healthcare settings is increasing worldwide. The risk of verbal and physical aggression towards healthcare workers is especially higher in psychiatry emergency settings. Public safety assistants are integral members of the psychiatry emergency department, who are frequently first responders to those with mental health issues. There is limited evidence discussing the patient-led workplace violence faced by public safety assistants. The purpose of this project is to explore the prevalence of physical and verbal patient-led violence faced by Public Safety Assistants (PSAs) working in psychiatry emergency settings and explore the impact of basic behavioral health education on PSAs in reducing patient-led workplace violence.展开更多
Violence against university students and among them is analyzed on campus and the household as well as the relationships of violence between these two social spaces.The study was undertaken through an anonymous random...Violence against university students and among them is analyzed on campus and the household as well as the relationships of violence between these two social spaces.The study was undertaken through an anonymous random survey in the two larger public universities in a Mexican medium-sized city.Overall violence and types of violence-verbal,psychological,sexual,and physical-were evaluated by sex and by universities;and the aggressors were identified.A students’concept of violence was built,considering causes of intimate-partner violence,violence in general and ethical judgment on gender violence.Finally,it was measured the relationships between violence on campus and in the household using bivariate statistical analysis.Findings indicate the main aggressors on campus are classmates and professors,whereas in the household are the mother,relatives together with the parents and relatives without the parents.On-campus,there were found statistically significant associations between professors-aggressors and students as victims of violence by sex.In the household,the bivariate analysis confirmed mothers as single aggressors and fathers exerting violence together with relatives against student-children;and direct relationships between on-campus(psychological and sexual violence)and domestic(physical and sexual violence).展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenic patients are prone to violence,frequent recurrence,and difficult to predict.Emotional and behavioral abnormalities during the onset of the disease,resulting in active myocardial enzyme spectru...BACKGROUND Schizophrenic patients are prone to violence,frequent recurrence,and difficult to predict.Emotional and behavioral abnormalities during the onset of the disease,resulting in active myocardial enzyme spectrum.AIM To explored the expression level of myocardial enzymes in patients with schizo-phrenia and its predictive value in the occurrence of violence.METHODS A total of 288 patients with schizophrenia in our hospital from February 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research object,and 100 healthy people were selected as the control group.Participants’information,clinical data,and labo-ratory examination data were collected.According to Modified Overt Aggression Scale score,patients were further divided into the violent(123 cases)and non-violent group(165 cases).RESULTS The comparative analysis revealed significant differences in serum myocardial enzyme levels between patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals.In the schizophrenia group,the violent and non-violent groups also exhibited different levels of serum myocardial enzymes.The levels of myocardial enzymes in the non-violent group were lower than those in the violent group,and the patients in the latter also displayed aggressive behavior in the past.CONCLUSION Previous aggressive behavior and the level of myocardial enzymes are of great significance for the diagnosis and prognosis analysis of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia.By detecting changes in these indicators,we can gain a more comprehensive understanding of a patient’s condition and treatment.展开更多
Background: Intimate partner violence is a serious public health concern worldwide and is linked with serious mental and physical health consequences. Despite its commonality and attendant consequences, proper public ...Background: Intimate partner violence is a serious public health concern worldwide and is linked with serious mental and physical health consequences. Despite its commonality and attendant consequences, proper public healthcare intervention is rudimentary. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between quality of life associated with intimate partner violence among females attending the HIV Clinic at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau, Nigeria. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design and data was collected from 174 female patients attending the HIV Clinic who met the inclusion criteria with the aid of a 73-item semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. This captured socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude towards intimate partner violence and their experiences of violence and quality of life using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: Almost half of the respondents, 85 (48.9%) rated their quality of life as good. Respondents experiencing IPV reported poorer quality of life compared to those not experiencing partner violence in all the domains and it was statistically significant in the physical health (p Conclusion: IPV is common among females attending the HIV/AIDS Clinic and those affected reported significantly poorer quality of life.展开更多
Background: There is an increasing emphasis on conducting research to identify gender based violence issues to enable development of appropriate programs and interventions. However, these efforts are mixed in quality ...Background: There is an increasing emphasis on conducting research to identify gender based violence issues to enable development of appropriate programs and interventions. However, these efforts are mixed in quality and often raise ethical questions. The increased pressure on policy makers to move to a more evidence-based approach in addressing gender based issues creates the need for this research prioritization activity. Inadequate evaluative evidence in this area poses a challenge in the planning for responsive interventions especially in resource limited settings. The purpose of this paper is to present gender based violence research priority areas for the WHO Africa Region. Methods: We utilized a modified version of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative approach to reach consensus on research priorities on the thematic area of gender based violence. In three phases, we first conducted an online survey with sexual and reproductive health and rights experts in academia, ministries of health, non-governmental organizations and other health actors with a wide range of experiences. These questions were consolidated by three experts from World Health Organization headquarters into themes. Secondly, experts were invited in a meeting in Cape Town South Africa to analyze and generate relevant areas of research based on the themes. Finally, a smaller group of experts prioritized research areas based on agreed criteria. Results: A list of 10 priority research questions for addressing gender based violence were scored and ranked. Four priority research questions scored 30 points out of the possible 30 points and were thus ranked as the highest priority. These included questions that “engage young adolescents in behavioral interventions to influence gender roles”, “determinants of gender based violence analysis”, “both long and short term complications of gender based violence on survivors” and “assessment of men’s involvement in addressing gender-based violence against women”. The second most highly ranked question was on the assessment of the extent and strategies to prevent gender-based violence in the context of humanitarian crises. Conclusions: Priority research questions for addressing gender based violence were identified. This exercise provides a three year investment case for research with high potential of effectively identifying interventions with high impact on addressing gender based violence.展开更多
Nowadays many teenagers play online games.Too much violence in online games deeply affects the teenagers' life,makes them act in a violent manner.Actions should be brought for change to protest.
BACKGROUND Violence against healthcare workers(HCWs)in the Caribbean continues to prevail yet remains underreported.Our aim is to determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the Caribbean.AIM To...BACKGROUND Violence against healthcare workers(HCWs)in the Caribbean continues to prevail yet remains underreported.Our aim is to determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the Caribbean.AIM To determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the Caribbean.METHODS This research adopted an online cross-sectional survey approach,spanning over eight weeks(between June 6th and August 9th,2022).The survey was generated using Research Electronic Data Capture forms and followed a snowballing strategy to contact individuals using emails,social media,text messages,etc.Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the variables that influence violence,including gender,age,years of experience,institution type,and night shift frequency.RESULTS The survey was completed by 225 HCWs.Females comprised 61%.Over 51%of respondents belonged to the 21 to 35 age group.Dominica(n=61),Haiti(n=50),and Grenada(n=31)had the most responses.Most HCWs(49%)worked for government academic institutions,followed by community hospitals(23%).Medical students(32%),followed by attending physicians(22%),and others(16%)comprised the most common cadre of respondents.About 39%of the participants reported experiencing violence themselves,and 18%reported violence against colleague(s).Verbal violence(48%),emotional abuse(24%),and physical misconduct(14%)were the most common types of violence.Nearly 63%of respondents identified patients or their relatives as the most frequent aggressors.Univariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that female gender(OR=2.08;95%CI:1.16-3.76,P=0.014)and higher frequency of night shifts(OR=2.22;95%CI:1.08-4.58,P=0.030)were associated with significantly higher odds of experiencing violence.More than 50%of HCWs felt less motivated and had decreased job satisfaction post-violent conduct.CONCLUSION A large proportion of HCWS in the Caribbean are exposed to violence,yet the phenomenon remains underreported.As a result,HCWs’job satisfaction has diminished.展开更多
Introduction: Gender-based violence is an important public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, the socio-demographic profile of patients (survivors and perpetrators) and the...Introduction: Gender-based violence is an important public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, the socio-demographic profile of patients (survivors and perpetrators) and the different types of gender-based violence treated at the Zinder holistic care centre in the Republic of Niger. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of cases of gender-based violence recorded and managed at the holistic gender-based violence management centre in Zinder (Niger) over the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2023. The data collected were analysed using EPI infos version 7.1 software. Result: During the study period, 515 cases of gender-based violence were recorded. Most of the victims were women and girls (95.15%). Minors accounted for 42.28% of cases. The victims were aged 18 and over in 57.67% (297 cases). Single people accounted for 39.22% of cases. Students accounted for 41.36% of cases. As regards the perpetrators of gender-based violence;men accounted for almost all the cases (95.53%). In 45.44% of cases it was the sexual partner, and in 36.12% of cases, the assault took place in the victim’s home. Five types of gender-based violence were observed: physical violence (121 cases, 23.5%), denial of resources, opportunities or services (148 cases, 28%), rape (117 cases, 22.7%), sexual abuse (64 cases, 12.4%), forced marriage (42 cases, 8%) and psychological/emotional abuse (28 cases, 5.4%). Conclusion: Gender-based violence is common in Niger. The victims were young women, pupils or students, single and unemployed. Efforts still need to be made to increase the reporting of cases of GBV, involve community leaders and provide optimal medical, legal and socio-professional care.展开更多
Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence. Method: This is a cross sectional and descriptive study, following a quantitative approach, conducte...Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence. Method: This is a cross sectional and descriptive study, following a quantitative approach, conducted from September to December 2013, at the SOS CHILD service, in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The research protocol was approved by CEP/UFRN under CAAE 0166.0.051.000-11. Results: In the analysis of 69 children, the results were presented from three points of view: 1) the victim—female (56.5%), aged one to 11 years old (66.7%) and lived with one of the parents (43.5%);2) the abuser—female (60.9%) in the 14 - 23 years old and 34 - 43 years old, with the same percentage (24.6%), history of alcohol use and abuse (42.0%), the mother was the one who attacked the most (34.7%);3) types of violence, among the physical ones, the most frequent were slaps (43.2%) and punches (18.9%);the prevalence, among the psychological violence, were curses (35.4%) and abuse (27.8%);negligence, omission of care (73.5%), deprivation of care for personal appearance (18.4%);among sexual violence: sexual caresses (57.1%) and forced sex (42.9%). Conclusion: Children and adolescents placed in an unfavorable social-economic context, under the care of mothers with a history of use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs, are more vulnerable to intra-domiciliary violence.展开更多
Background: Identifying women at risk for violence caused by intimate partner violence is difficult in connection with visits at emergency department. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to explore and desc...Background: Identifying women at risk for violence caused by intimate partner violence is difficult in connection with visits at emergency department. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to explore and describe risk factors of IPV reported by women in connection with seeking emergency care, Design: This study is part of a larger study using an explorative and comparative design. Method: Based upon data from a questionnaire and some demographic data, 82 women who reported to have experienced intimate partner violence answered the Danger Assessment Scale. Results: The results showed that the violence escalated in frequency and severity when a weapon such as a knife or gun was used to harm the women. When the abuser used narcotics and threatened the woman with a weapon, the risk of being injured increased. The odds for being threatened to death when the abuser was reported to use narcotics and illegal drugs was about thirteen times higher compared to the case when the abuser was not using narcotics. Other life threatening factors were discovered such as the man’s capability of killing the woman. Conclusion: By using a questionnaire about the violence, healthcare personnel can identify women who are at risk of being severely injured or killed. By identifying these women, one can take action to provide for their safety. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Using the Danger Assessment instrument can facilitate health care personnel’s ability at emergency departments to identify women at risk for lethal violence.展开更多
Objective To investigate the attitudes, behaviours and reflections of the university students, on sexuality, reproductive health, violence, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and to find out their expectations from a yout...Objective To investigate the attitudes, behaviours and reflections of the university students, on sexuality, reproductive health, violence, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and to find out their expectations from a youth health service. Methods A total of 5 300 students （1 880 girls, 3 420 boys）from various Jaculties of Kyrykkale University were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Students completed the self-administered questionnaire as one of the researchers was present at the classroom. Research monitors five categories of priority health-risk behaviours among youth and young adults. Results Mean age of 3 420 male （64.5%） and 1 880female （35.5%） students were 20.3 years. Among all 4 380 （82,9%） students [1 350 girls （71.8%）, 3 030 boys （88.5%）] had some kinds of information about sexuality, however this dropped to 2 730 students （51.5%） within the context of adequacy. Friends were the major source （34%） for the first information on sexuality. Using a condom was the mostly heard method of contraception （46.9%） and interestingly 1.1% of the students had no knowledge on any of the protection methods. Among all 25.3% of the students （33.0% boys, 11.4% girls） had some kind of sexual intercourse, and within this group 58.8% experienced his/her first sexual relationship at 18 years of age and over; 53.9% were protected in all intercourses. Using a condom was the main way of protection for boys （63.7%） and pills were for the girls （73.9%）. None of the female students mentioned having an abortion but 8% had friends who had undergone abortion. Tobacco use was 35.1% among the group, and 8. 7% of the male and 3.6% of the female students were using drugs. Although 67. 4% students claimed they never witnessed violence between their parents, 43.2% witnessed violence among their siblings, 67.0% beween friends, 72.6% in the streets and 64.2% in the school. About 30.0% of the students reported having weight problems, and 14.7% admitted visiting a doctor for that problem. If there would be a service providedfor the adolescents in the university, 67% of the students would attend in case of a problem. Past experiences were important for us and we saw that among all 8% of the participants had some kind of sexual problem, within this group 50.7% felt uncomfortable during the visit and only 60.4% were satisfied with the care of the physician. Conclusion Our study results show the current situation of adolescents in Kyrykkale University and will be used to improve policies and programs to reduce priority healthrisk behaviours among youth of our and surrounding provinces and establish a youth friendly service in Kyrykkale University within this purposes.展开更多
Introduction: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is defined as controlling, abusive, and aggressive behavior in a romantic relationship. Women between the ages 16 and 24 experience the highest rate of IPV. IPV costs US s...Introduction: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is defined as controlling, abusive, and aggressive behavior in a romantic relationship. Women between the ages 16 and 24 experience the highest rate of IPV. IPV costs US society at least $13.6 billion annually and is expected to rise to $15.6 billion by 2021. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of Text Messaging Intervention (TMI) in recognizing, responding and preventing IPV among college students. The research questions are: Will TMI 1) improve participant knowledge of warning signs of IPV? (Knowledge) and 2) improve participant confidence to intervene in IPV? (Confidence). Methods: A mixed methods design in data collection and data analysis was used. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data from the pre and post TMI survey. Results of the qualitative data analysis are included verbatim. Results: Results showed that knowledge level pre to post test increased from 2.00 ± 1.00 to 2.7 ± 0.48 (p < 0.001) and confidence level pre to post test increased from 2.89 ± 0.60 to 3.30 ± 0.68 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Further research is needed in evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of IPV prevention programs that uses mobile devices to create the best optimal health outcomes.展开更多
In this paper,we propose a skeleton-based method to identify violence and aggressive behavior.The approach does not necessitate highprocessing equipment and it can be quickly implemented.Our approach consists of two p...In this paper,we propose a skeleton-based method to identify violence and aggressive behavior.The approach does not necessitate highprocessing equipment and it can be quickly implemented.Our approach consists of two phases:feature extraction from image sequences to assess a human posture,followed by activity classification applying a neural network to identify whether the frames include aggressive situations and violence.A video violence dataset of 400 min comprising a single person’s activities and 20 h of video data including physical violence and aggressive acts,and 13 classifications for distinguishing aggressor and victim behavior were generated.Finally,the proposed method was trained and tested using the collected dataset.The results indicate the accuracy of 97%was achieved in identifying aggressive conduct in video sequences.Furthermore,the obtained results show that the proposed method can detect aggressive behavior and violence in a short period of time and is accessible for real-world applications.展开更多
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Council,Taiwan,No.MOST 111-2629-H-227-001-MY2.
文摘BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence(IPV)is a major public health concern linked to psychiatric and physical morbidity.However,evidence from East Asia,particularly from registry-based and sex-inclusive analyses,remains limited.We hypothesized that IPV survivors would have elevated risks of psychiatric disorders and stressrelated physical conditions.AIM To assess psychiatric and physical health risks following IPV exposure in Taiwan.METHODS We conducted a nationwide,registry-based case control study using data from Taiwan’s Health and Welfare Data Science Center.Adults aged 18-64 years with a first IPV report in 2019(n=43393)were matched 1:1 by sex and age to controls.Incident diagnoses within 1 year were identified from claims data.Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios(AORs).RESULTS Compared to controls,IPV survivors had higher risks of depressive disorders[AOR=4.18,95%confidence interval(CI):3.78-4.60,P<0.001],bipolar disorder(AOR=4.81,95%CI:3.83-6.10,P<0.001),schizophrenia(AOR=1.75,95%CI:1.46-2.10,P<0.001),and alcohol/substance use disorders(AOR=5.98,95%CI:2.21-8.50,P<0.001).The risk of asthma was modestly elevated(AOR=1.31,95%CI:1.08-1.60,P=0.006).No significant association was observed for irritable bowel syndrome(P=0.94).CONCLUSION IPV survivors in Taiwan face substantially increased psychiatric risk and a modestly elevated risk of asthma,warranting early screening and integrated mental and physical health care.
文摘Economic violence is a form of domestic violence that extends beyond physical harm,affecting victims’economic stability and independence.This situation perpetuates gender inequality and also reinforces the cycle of gender-based violence.With definitions of economic violence broadening to encompass a range of coercive and manipulative behaviors-from financial abuse in domestic violence scenarios to the economic harassment faced by stay-at-home moms-understanding this form of exploitation is crucial for crafting effective interventions.This article aims to delve into various facets of economic violence,including its definition,prevalence,and the stark realities it creates for its victims.Following the search of international databases:Social Work Abstracts(EBSCO),Psychology Abstracts,Family and Women Studies Worldwide,Psychiatry Online,Psych INFO(including Psych ARTICLES),PubMed,Wiley,and Scopus,60 peer-reviewed articles that met all inclusion criteria were included in the paper.Our review clarifies that looking forward,the call for a comprehensive understanding of economic violence,enhanced legal frameworks,and the strengthening of supportive networks underscore the multidisciplinary approach required to combat this issue effectively.
文摘This paper presents the findings of a two-week monitoring project on Gender Based Violence(GBV)in Tanzanian and explores how the media outlets frame the marginalized voices,institutional narratives,and intersectional inclusivity.Drawing qualitative approach and analysis of media coverage of GBV during the 202416 Days of Activism campaign remarkably November 25 to December 10,2024,it reveals the extent that media platforms amplify or marginalize survivor voices.Through two weeks of media monitoring across print,broadcast,and social media including sources notably Mwananchi,TBC1,Cloud FM,and advocacy-driven digital platforms and campaigns through#EndGBVNow and#16DaysOfActivism the study explores recurring themes,language use,tone,and inclusivity.Guided by critical gender theories including Judith Butler’s gender performativity and Gave Tuchman’s symbolic annihilation,the analysis reveals media’s dual role in either perpetuating or challenging patriarchal narratives.Findings indicate that traditional media often foreground prevailing institutional voices while underrepresenting marginalized groups,especially rural women and women with disabilities,portraying harmful cultural practices like FGM and child marriage as community challenges rather than universal human rights violation.Conversely,social media emerged as a transformative space for survivor-led advocacy.Hence the study calls for inclusive,ethical,and survivor-centered media reporting as well as strategic integration of digital and mainstream media to promote justice and policy reform in GBV reporting.
文摘Introduction: Access to the best quality of obstetrical care sometimes conceals acts and behaviors that fail to respect women’s physical, mental and social integrity. These negative experiences are referred to as obstetrical violence. The aim of this study is to contribute to improving the quality of maternal health care. Patient and Method: This was a cross-sectional study with a quantitative component carried out in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the Maman Elisabeth Domitien University Hospital from November 1 to 30, 2024. All women in childbed seen for postnatal consultations within 42 days of delivery were included. Results: We included 109 women. Age ranged from 16 to 44 years with a mean of 26.9 (±6.02). The majority of women were living in common-law unions with 79.8% and 57.8% of mothers having a secondary education level. More than half of the participants (52.9%) said that they had not been prepared for childbirth during prenatal follow-up and 44.0% had not freely chosen their path of delivery. The vaginal route was the most observed route of delivery (97.3%). Of all vaginal deliveries, episiotomy was performed in 21.7% and uterine revision in 66.0%. For episiotomies, 26.1% of women in childbed were informed about its performance and 87.0% had had a bad experience with this event. For women who had undergone a uterine revision, 52.9% had been informed of its performance and 77.1% had a bad experience with the event. Women in childbed had been victims of inappropriate acts and verbal aggression in 18.4% and 14.7% respectively. Of all the participants, 45.0% said they had experienced the birth episode badly. Conclusion: This study has given us an idea of the subject. However, a large-scale study will enable us to understand the different facets of this subject.
基金supported by the Christian Health Association of Ghana under Global Fund New Funding Model 3(NFM 3)HIV/TB Community Systems Strengthening programme(CSS)。
文摘Objective:Intimate partner violence(IPV)among people living with the human immune deficiency virus(PLHIV)poses a significant threat to efforts to reduce the spread of human immune deficiency virus(HIV)and achieve the sustainable development goals.In Ghana,scholarly research on the forms and prevalence of IPV is available,however knowledge of the prevalence of IPV among PLHIV is limited.To understand the prevalence of IPV among PLHIV and the intersectional factors that contribute to it,this study examined the overall prevalence of IPV among PLHIV and the associated sociodemographic factors across ten regions of Ghana.Methods:We administered face-to-face survey questionnaires to 661 randomly selected antiretroviral therapy(ART)clients using Research Electronic Data Capture tools.We used descriptive statistics(mean,standard deviation,minimum,and maximum),pairwise correlation,and multivariate regression analysis to look at the data.Results:The clients of ART experienced various forms of IPV,including sexual,physical,emotional,and economic violence and controlling behaviour.The overall prevalence of IPV among PLHIV was 27.5%.This result,although on par with the global IPV average(27%),is 1.5%higher than the national rate(26%).The Upper West Region had the highest prevalence in all the categories of IPV analysed,followed by Oti Region in second place and the Upper East Region in third,except for the prevalence of sexual violence,where Greater Accra Region ranks second.In specific regions of Ghana,sociodemographic factors shaped by patriarchal and economic considerations contribute to a higher prevalence of IPV among people living with HIV.Conclusion:The findings have implications for developing policies and interventions that address the specific factors associated with HIV-induced IPV in different regions of Ghana.These interventions should also include screening PLHIV receiving ART for their IPV status regardless of gender and deploying culturally appropriate education at the community level to foster empathy towards intimate partners living with HIV.
文摘Workplace violence in healthcare settings is increasing worldwide. The risk of verbal and physical aggression towards healthcare workers is especially higher in psychiatry emergency settings. Public safety assistants are integral members of the psychiatry emergency department, who are frequently first responders to those with mental health issues. There is limited evidence discussing the patient-led workplace violence faced by public safety assistants. The purpose of this project is to explore the prevalence of physical and verbal patient-led violence faced by Public Safety Assistants (PSAs) working in psychiatry emergency settings and explore the impact of basic behavioral health education on PSAs in reducing patient-led workplace violence.
文摘Violence against university students and among them is analyzed on campus and the household as well as the relationships of violence between these two social spaces.The study was undertaken through an anonymous random survey in the two larger public universities in a Mexican medium-sized city.Overall violence and types of violence-verbal,psychological,sexual,and physical-were evaluated by sex and by universities;and the aggressors were identified.A students’concept of violence was built,considering causes of intimate-partner violence,violence in general and ethical judgment on gender violence.Finally,it was measured the relationships between violence on campus and in the household using bivariate statistical analysis.Findings indicate the main aggressors on campus are classmates and professors,whereas in the household are the mother,relatives together with the parents and relatives without the parents.On-campus,there were found statistically significant associations between professors-aggressors and students as victims of violence by sex.In the household,the bivariate analysis confirmed mothers as single aggressors and fathers exerting violence together with relatives against student-children;and direct relationships between on-campus(psychological and sexual violence)and domestic(physical and sexual violence).
基金The Shaoxing Science and Technology Plan Project Plan,No.2022A14002.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenic patients are prone to violence,frequent recurrence,and difficult to predict.Emotional and behavioral abnormalities during the onset of the disease,resulting in active myocardial enzyme spectrum.AIM To explored the expression level of myocardial enzymes in patients with schizo-phrenia and its predictive value in the occurrence of violence.METHODS A total of 288 patients with schizophrenia in our hospital from February 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research object,and 100 healthy people were selected as the control group.Participants’information,clinical data,and labo-ratory examination data were collected.According to Modified Overt Aggression Scale score,patients were further divided into the violent(123 cases)and non-violent group(165 cases).RESULTS The comparative analysis revealed significant differences in serum myocardial enzyme levels between patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals.In the schizophrenia group,the violent and non-violent groups also exhibited different levels of serum myocardial enzymes.The levels of myocardial enzymes in the non-violent group were lower than those in the violent group,and the patients in the latter also displayed aggressive behavior in the past.CONCLUSION Previous aggressive behavior and the level of myocardial enzymes are of great significance for the diagnosis and prognosis analysis of violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia.By detecting changes in these indicators,we can gain a more comprehensive understanding of a patient’s condition and treatment.
文摘Background: Intimate partner violence is a serious public health concern worldwide and is linked with serious mental and physical health consequences. Despite its commonality and attendant consequences, proper public healthcare intervention is rudimentary. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between quality of life associated with intimate partner violence among females attending the HIV Clinic at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau, Nigeria. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design and data was collected from 174 female patients attending the HIV Clinic who met the inclusion criteria with the aid of a 73-item semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. This captured socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude towards intimate partner violence and their experiences of violence and quality of life using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief version (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: Almost half of the respondents, 85 (48.9%) rated their quality of life as good. Respondents experiencing IPV reported poorer quality of life compared to those not experiencing partner violence in all the domains and it was statistically significant in the physical health (p Conclusion: IPV is common among females attending the HIV/AIDS Clinic and those affected reported significantly poorer quality of life.
文摘Background: There is an increasing emphasis on conducting research to identify gender based violence issues to enable development of appropriate programs and interventions. However, these efforts are mixed in quality and often raise ethical questions. The increased pressure on policy makers to move to a more evidence-based approach in addressing gender based issues creates the need for this research prioritization activity. Inadequate evaluative evidence in this area poses a challenge in the planning for responsive interventions especially in resource limited settings. The purpose of this paper is to present gender based violence research priority areas for the WHO Africa Region. Methods: We utilized a modified version of the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative approach to reach consensus on research priorities on the thematic area of gender based violence. In three phases, we first conducted an online survey with sexual and reproductive health and rights experts in academia, ministries of health, non-governmental organizations and other health actors with a wide range of experiences. These questions were consolidated by three experts from World Health Organization headquarters into themes. Secondly, experts were invited in a meeting in Cape Town South Africa to analyze and generate relevant areas of research based on the themes. Finally, a smaller group of experts prioritized research areas based on agreed criteria. Results: A list of 10 priority research questions for addressing gender based violence were scored and ranked. Four priority research questions scored 30 points out of the possible 30 points and were thus ranked as the highest priority. These included questions that “engage young adolescents in behavioral interventions to influence gender roles”, “determinants of gender based violence analysis”, “both long and short term complications of gender based violence on survivors” and “assessment of men’s involvement in addressing gender-based violence against women”. The second most highly ranked question was on the assessment of the extent and strategies to prevent gender-based violence in the context of humanitarian crises. Conclusions: Priority research questions for addressing gender based violence were identified. This exercise provides a three year investment case for research with high potential of effectively identifying interventions with high impact on addressing gender based violence.
文摘Nowadays many teenagers play online games.Too much violence in online games deeply affects the teenagers' life,makes them act in a violent manner.Actions should be brought for change to protest.
文摘BACKGROUND Violence against healthcare workers(HCWs)in the Caribbean continues to prevail yet remains underreported.Our aim is to determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the Caribbean.AIM To determine the cause,traits,and consequences of violence on HCWs in the Caribbean.METHODS This research adopted an online cross-sectional survey approach,spanning over eight weeks(between June 6th and August 9th,2022).The survey was generated using Research Electronic Data Capture forms and followed a snowballing strategy to contact individuals using emails,social media,text messages,etc.Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the variables that influence violence,including gender,age,years of experience,institution type,and night shift frequency.RESULTS The survey was completed by 225 HCWs.Females comprised 61%.Over 51%of respondents belonged to the 21 to 35 age group.Dominica(n=61),Haiti(n=50),and Grenada(n=31)had the most responses.Most HCWs(49%)worked for government academic institutions,followed by community hospitals(23%).Medical students(32%),followed by attending physicians(22%),and others(16%)comprised the most common cadre of respondents.About 39%of the participants reported experiencing violence themselves,and 18%reported violence against colleague(s).Verbal violence(48%),emotional abuse(24%),and physical misconduct(14%)were the most common types of violence.Nearly 63%of respondents identified patients or their relatives as the most frequent aggressors.Univariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that female gender(OR=2.08;95%CI:1.16-3.76,P=0.014)and higher frequency of night shifts(OR=2.22;95%CI:1.08-4.58,P=0.030)were associated with significantly higher odds of experiencing violence.More than 50%of HCWs felt less motivated and had decreased job satisfaction post-violent conduct.CONCLUSION A large proportion of HCWS in the Caribbean are exposed to violence,yet the phenomenon remains underreported.As a result,HCWs’job satisfaction has diminished.
文摘Introduction: Gender-based violence is an important public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, the socio-demographic profile of patients (survivors and perpetrators) and the different types of gender-based violence treated at the Zinder holistic care centre in the Republic of Niger. Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of cases of gender-based violence recorded and managed at the holistic gender-based violence management centre in Zinder (Niger) over the period from 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2023. The data collected were analysed using EPI infos version 7.1 software. Result: During the study period, 515 cases of gender-based violence were recorded. Most of the victims were women and girls (95.15%). Minors accounted for 42.28% of cases. The victims were aged 18 and over in 57.67% (297 cases). Single people accounted for 39.22% of cases. Students accounted for 41.36% of cases. As regards the perpetrators of gender-based violence;men accounted for almost all the cases (95.53%). In 45.44% of cases it was the sexual partner, and in 36.12% of cases, the assault took place in the victim’s home. Five types of gender-based violence were observed: physical violence (121 cases, 23.5%), denial of resources, opportunities or services (148 cases, 28%), rape (117 cases, 22.7%), sexual abuse (64 cases, 12.4%), forced marriage (42 cases, 8%) and psychological/emotional abuse (28 cases, 5.4%). Conclusion: Gender-based violence is common in Niger. The victims were young women, pupils or students, single and unemployed. Efforts still need to be made to increase the reporting of cases of GBV, involve community leaders and provide optimal medical, legal and socio-professional care.
文摘Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents who are victims of domestic violence. Method: This is a cross sectional and descriptive study, following a quantitative approach, conducted from September to December 2013, at the SOS CHILD service, in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The research protocol was approved by CEP/UFRN under CAAE 0166.0.051.000-11. Results: In the analysis of 69 children, the results were presented from three points of view: 1) the victim—female (56.5%), aged one to 11 years old (66.7%) and lived with one of the parents (43.5%);2) the abuser—female (60.9%) in the 14 - 23 years old and 34 - 43 years old, with the same percentage (24.6%), history of alcohol use and abuse (42.0%), the mother was the one who attacked the most (34.7%);3) types of violence, among the physical ones, the most frequent were slaps (43.2%) and punches (18.9%);the prevalence, among the psychological violence, were curses (35.4%) and abuse (27.8%);negligence, omission of care (73.5%), deprivation of care for personal appearance (18.4%);among sexual violence: sexual caresses (57.1%) and forced sex (42.9%). Conclusion: Children and adolescents placed in an unfavorable social-economic context, under the care of mothers with a history of use and abuse of alcohol and other drugs, are more vulnerable to intra-domiciliary violence.
基金funded by Institute of Health and Care Sciences,Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg,Sweden and Nordic Holistic Care.
文摘Background: Identifying women at risk for violence caused by intimate partner violence is difficult in connection with visits at emergency department. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to explore and describe risk factors of IPV reported by women in connection with seeking emergency care, Design: This study is part of a larger study using an explorative and comparative design. Method: Based upon data from a questionnaire and some demographic data, 82 women who reported to have experienced intimate partner violence answered the Danger Assessment Scale. Results: The results showed that the violence escalated in frequency and severity when a weapon such as a knife or gun was used to harm the women. When the abuser used narcotics and threatened the woman with a weapon, the risk of being injured increased. The odds for being threatened to death when the abuser was reported to use narcotics and illegal drugs was about thirteen times higher compared to the case when the abuser was not using narcotics. Other life threatening factors were discovered such as the man’s capability of killing the woman. Conclusion: By using a questionnaire about the violence, healthcare personnel can identify women who are at risk of being severely injured or killed. By identifying these women, one can take action to provide for their safety. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Using the Danger Assessment instrument can facilitate health care personnel’s ability at emergency departments to identify women at risk for lethal violence.
文摘Objective To investigate the attitudes, behaviours and reflections of the university students, on sexuality, reproductive health, violence, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and to find out their expectations from a youth health service. Methods A total of 5 300 students （1 880 girls, 3 420 boys）from various Jaculties of Kyrykkale University were enrolled into this cross-sectional study. Students completed the self-administered questionnaire as one of the researchers was present at the classroom. Research monitors five categories of priority health-risk behaviours among youth and young adults. Results Mean age of 3 420 male （64.5%） and 1 880female （35.5%） students were 20.3 years. Among all 4 380 （82,9%） students [1 350 girls （71.8%）, 3 030 boys （88.5%）] had some kinds of information about sexuality, however this dropped to 2 730 students （51.5%） within the context of adequacy. Friends were the major source （34%） for the first information on sexuality. Using a condom was the mostly heard method of contraception （46.9%） and interestingly 1.1% of the students had no knowledge on any of the protection methods. Among all 25.3% of the students （33.0% boys, 11.4% girls） had some kind of sexual intercourse, and within this group 58.8% experienced his/her first sexual relationship at 18 years of age and over; 53.9% were protected in all intercourses. Using a condom was the main way of protection for boys （63.7%） and pills were for the girls （73.9%）. None of the female students mentioned having an abortion but 8% had friends who had undergone abortion. Tobacco use was 35.1% among the group, and 8. 7% of the male and 3.6% of the female students were using drugs. Although 67. 4% students claimed they never witnessed violence between their parents, 43.2% witnessed violence among their siblings, 67.0% beween friends, 72.6% in the streets and 64.2% in the school. About 30.0% of the students reported having weight problems, and 14.7% admitted visiting a doctor for that problem. If there would be a service providedfor the adolescents in the university, 67% of the students would attend in case of a problem. Past experiences were important for us and we saw that among all 8% of the participants had some kind of sexual problem, within this group 50.7% felt uncomfortable during the visit and only 60.4% were satisfied with the care of the physician. Conclusion Our study results show the current situation of adolescents in Kyrykkale University and will be used to improve policies and programs to reduce priority healthrisk behaviours among youth of our and surrounding provinces and establish a youth friendly service in Kyrykkale University within this purposes.
文摘Introduction: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is defined as controlling, abusive, and aggressive behavior in a romantic relationship. Women between the ages 16 and 24 experience the highest rate of IPV. IPV costs US society at least $13.6 billion annually and is expected to rise to $15.6 billion by 2021. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of Text Messaging Intervention (TMI) in recognizing, responding and preventing IPV among college students. The research questions are: Will TMI 1) improve participant knowledge of warning signs of IPV? (Knowledge) and 2) improve participant confidence to intervene in IPV? (Confidence). Methods: A mixed methods design in data collection and data analysis was used. One-way ANOVA and Chi-square test were used to analyze quantitative data from the pre and post TMI survey. Results of the qualitative data analysis are included verbatim. Results: Results showed that knowledge level pre to post test increased from 2.00 ± 1.00 to 2.7 ± 0.48 (p < 0.001) and confidence level pre to post test increased from 2.89 ± 0.60 to 3.30 ± 0.68 (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Further research is needed in evaluating the feasibility and effectiveness of IPV prevention programs that uses mobile devices to create the best optimal health outcomes.
基金This work was supported by the grant“Development of artificial intelligenceenabled software solution prototype for automatic detection of potential facts of physical bullying in educational institutions”funded by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan.Grant No.IRN AP08855520.
文摘In this paper,we propose a skeleton-based method to identify violence and aggressive behavior.The approach does not necessitate highprocessing equipment and it can be quickly implemented.Our approach consists of two phases:feature extraction from image sequences to assess a human posture,followed by activity classification applying a neural network to identify whether the frames include aggressive situations and violence.A video violence dataset of 400 min comprising a single person’s activities and 20 h of video data including physical violence and aggressive acts,and 13 classifications for distinguishing aggressor and victim behavior were generated.Finally,the proposed method was trained and tested using the collected dataset.The results indicate the accuracy of 97%was achieved in identifying aggressive conduct in video sequences.Furthermore,the obtained results show that the proposed method can detect aggressive behavior and violence in a short period of time and is accessible for real-world applications.
