[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the optimal method for extracting RNA from roots of medicinal plant herba violae by comparing the effects of liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning...[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the optimal method for extracting RNA from roots of medicinal plant herba violae by comparing the effects of liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method on RNA extraction. [ Method] Roots of herba violae were respectively crushed by using liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method to extract RNA. The extraction effects of these two methods were compared based on detec- tion of RNA concentration, purity and integrity and amplification of GAPDH gene by RT-PCR. [Result] The concentration of RNA extracted by liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method was 1.21 and 3.57 p^g/~, respectively. Both RNA extracted by these two methods showed two distinct bands after agarose gel electrophoresis. The ratio of brightness of the 28S rRNA to the 18S rRNA bands was greater than 1. PCR amplification showed that the length of GAPDH gene was about 230 bp, which was consistent with the expected result. [ Conclusion ] The experimental results indicated that using low-tempera ture sectioning method to crush the roots of herba violae can meet the needs of most molecular biological experiments including gene cloning and expression analysis, which is an effective and simple method for extracting RNA from plant roots.展开更多
[Objective]This study aimed at exploring the physiological properties of the known Cd hyperaccumulator Viola baoshanensis and the control plant Viola inconspicua to cadmium stress.[Method]After a hydroponic experiment...[Objective]This study aimed at exploring the physiological properties of the known Cd hyperaccumulator Viola baoshanensis and the control plant Viola inconspicua to cadmium stress.[Method]After a hydroponic experiment carried in a greenhouse,plant Cd accumulations,root elongation rates,MDA contents,and antioxidant enzyme activities were determinined.[Result]Both Viola baoshanensis and Viola inconspicua showed high levels of Cd uptake growing in Cd-supplemented solution of 300 μmol/L for 12 d with Cd accumulations of 2 595 and 3 330 mg/kg in the shoots,respectively.In the cultural solution supplemented with 300 μmol/L of Cd,the root elongation rates were not affected and the MDA contents decreased significantly in Viola baoshanensis,while the root elongation rates were significantly inhibited and the MDA contents increased remarkably in Viola inconspicua,which indicated that Viola baoshanensis had the higher Cd tolerance.The superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT）activities of two Viola species were not linearly related to the middle and low Cd-supplemented concentrations（5,50 μmol/L）and had attained the tiptop in cultural solution supplemented with 100 or 300 μmol/L of Cd but declined in cultural solution supplemented with 500 μmol/L of Cd,suggesting that the contribution of antioxidative enzymes was limited to the Cd tolerance of Viola plants.The Viola inconspicua showed a strong adaptability to the middle and low concentrations of Cd.[Conclusion]Viola species could be used as potential plant resources for the phytoremediation of agriculture areas polluted with low and even middle levels of Cd.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study antifeedant activity of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv and Viola yedoensis Makino extracts against Pieris rapae. [Method] Activity material was extracted...[Objective] The research aimed to study antifeedant activity of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv and Viola yedoensis Makino extracts against Pieris rapae. [Method] Activity material was extracted from S. viridis （L.）, P. acinosa and V. yedoensis using acetone cold soak method, and non-selective antifeedant activity of extracts to Pieris rapae larva was determined by using lobular plate addition method. [Result] The results showed that the acetone leaching agent of P. acinosa had most obvious antifeedant effects on Pieris rapae. The antifeedant rate were 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h respectively. With the concentration increasing, the antifeedant effect of P. acinosa extracts increased. The antifeedant rate of 0.050 g/ml treatment was the highest, being 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h. [Conclusion] P. acinosa could be studied and utilized as potential botanical insecticide.展开更多
Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi distribute widely in natural habits and play a variety of ecological functions.In order to test the physiological response to salt stress mediated by different AM fungi,Viola prionantha...Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi distribute widely in natural habits and play a variety of ecological functions.In order to test the physiological response to salt stress mediated by different AM fungi,Viola prionantha was selected as the host,the dominant AM fungus in the rhizosphere of V.philippica growing in Songnen saline-alkali grassland,Rhizophagus irregularis,and their mixtures were used as inoculants,and NaCl stress was applied after the roots were colonized.The results showed that V.philippica could be colonized by AM fungi in the field and the colonization rate ranged from 73.33%to 96.67%,and Claroideoglomus etunicatum was identified as the dominant AM fungi species in the rhizosphere of V.philippica by morphology combined with sequencing for AM fungal AML1/AML2 target.Inoculation with both the species resulted in the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis(the colonization rate was more than 70%)and AM fungi significantly enhanced plants’tolerance to salt stress of varying magnitude.Higher activity of antioxidant enzymes and augmented levels of proline and other osmoregulators were observed in AM plants.The content of MDA in CK was higher than that in the inoculations with the stress of 100,200,and 250 mM.All indices except soluble protein content and MDA content were significantly correlated with AM fungal colonization indices.The analysis for different AM fungal effects showed that the mixtures and R.irregularis worked even better than C.etunicatum.These results will provide theoretical support for the exploration and screening of salt-tolerant AM fungi species and also for the application of AM-ornamental plants in saline-alkali urban greening.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81001700)Project of Sichuan Provincial Education Department(11ZB227,11ZB124)Research Project for the Application Foundation of Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Department(2012JY0081)
文摘[ Objective ] This study aimed to investigate the optimal method for extracting RNA from roots of medicinal plant herba violae by comparing the effects of liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method on RNA extraction. [ Method] Roots of herba violae were respectively crushed by using liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method to extract RNA. The extraction effects of these two methods were compared based on detec- tion of RNA concentration, purity and integrity and amplification of GAPDH gene by RT-PCR. [Result] The concentration of RNA extracted by liquid nitrogen grinding method and low-temperature sectioning method was 1.21 and 3.57 p^g/~, respectively. Both RNA extracted by these two methods showed two distinct bands after agarose gel electrophoresis. The ratio of brightness of the 28S rRNA to the 18S rRNA bands was greater than 1. PCR amplification showed that the length of GAPDH gene was about 230 bp, which was consistent with the expected result. [ Conclusion ] The experimental results indicated that using low-tempera ture sectioning method to crush the roots of herba violae can meet the needs of most molecular biological experiments including gene cloning and expression analysis, which is an effective and simple method for extracting RNA from plant roots.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30400053,30900158)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol of Sun Yat-sen University(SKLBC2010K04)~~
文摘[Objective]This study aimed at exploring the physiological properties of the known Cd hyperaccumulator Viola baoshanensis and the control plant Viola inconspicua to cadmium stress.[Method]After a hydroponic experiment carried in a greenhouse,plant Cd accumulations,root elongation rates,MDA contents,and antioxidant enzyme activities were determinined.[Result]Both Viola baoshanensis and Viola inconspicua showed high levels of Cd uptake growing in Cd-supplemented solution of 300 μmol/L for 12 d with Cd accumulations of 2 595 and 3 330 mg/kg in the shoots,respectively.In the cultural solution supplemented with 300 μmol/L of Cd,the root elongation rates were not affected and the MDA contents decreased significantly in Viola baoshanensis,while the root elongation rates were significantly inhibited and the MDA contents increased remarkably in Viola inconspicua,which indicated that Viola baoshanensis had the higher Cd tolerance.The superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）and catalase（CAT）activities of two Viola species were not linearly related to the middle and low Cd-supplemented concentrations（5,50 μmol/L）and had attained the tiptop in cultural solution supplemented with 100 or 300 μmol/L of Cd but declined in cultural solution supplemented with 500 μmol/L of Cd,suggesting that the contribution of antioxidative enzymes was limited to the Cd tolerance of Viola plants.The Viola inconspicua showed a strong adaptability to the middle and low concentrations of Cd.[Conclusion]Viola species could be used as potential plant resources for the phytoremediation of agriculture areas polluted with low and even middle levels of Cd.
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study antifeedant activity of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Setaria viridis （L.） Beauv and Viola yedoensis Makino extracts against Pieris rapae. [Method] Activity material was extracted from S. viridis （L.）, P. acinosa and V. yedoensis using acetone cold soak method, and non-selective antifeedant activity of extracts to Pieris rapae larva was determined by using lobular plate addition method. [Result] The results showed that the acetone leaching agent of P. acinosa had most obvious antifeedant effects on Pieris rapae. The antifeedant rate were 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h respectively. With the concentration increasing, the antifeedant effect of P. acinosa extracts increased. The antifeedant rate of 0.050 g/ml treatment was the highest, being 74.53% and 82.34% at 24 and 48 h. [Conclusion] P. acinosa could be studied and utilized as potential botanical insecticide.
基金Research was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China with the Grant No.31601986 and Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Scientific Research Developmental Fund(LBH-Q16005).
文摘Arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi distribute widely in natural habits and play a variety of ecological functions.In order to test the physiological response to salt stress mediated by different AM fungi,Viola prionantha was selected as the host,the dominant AM fungus in the rhizosphere of V.philippica growing in Songnen saline-alkali grassland,Rhizophagus irregularis,and their mixtures were used as inoculants,and NaCl stress was applied after the roots were colonized.The results showed that V.philippica could be colonized by AM fungi in the field and the colonization rate ranged from 73.33%to 96.67%,and Claroideoglomus etunicatum was identified as the dominant AM fungi species in the rhizosphere of V.philippica by morphology combined with sequencing for AM fungal AML1/AML2 target.Inoculation with both the species resulted in the formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis(the colonization rate was more than 70%)and AM fungi significantly enhanced plants’tolerance to salt stress of varying magnitude.Higher activity of antioxidant enzymes and augmented levels of proline and other osmoregulators were observed in AM plants.The content of MDA in CK was higher than that in the inoculations with the stress of 100,200,and 250 mM.All indices except soluble protein content and MDA content were significantly correlated with AM fungal colonization indices.The analysis for different AM fungal effects showed that the mixtures and R.irregularis worked even better than C.etunicatum.These results will provide theoretical support for the exploration and screening of salt-tolerant AM fungi species and also for the application of AM-ornamental plants in saline-alkali urban greening.
