Violacein is a natural purple secondary metabolite with a wide range of biological activities including anti-bacterial,anticancer,antioxidant,and antiparasitic properties,rendering it a highly promising candidate for ...Violacein is a natural purple secondary metabolite with a wide range of biological activities including anti-bacterial,anticancer,antioxidant,and antiparasitic properties,rendering it a highly promising candidate for applications in medicine,agriculture,and food industries.Despite its availability from natural sources,a pro-found understanding of its production mechanisms has long been lacking.High-level production of violacein has been achieved through integrated strategies,including heterologous expression of its biosynthetic pathway in recombinant strains,enhancement of tryptophan precursor supply,and optimization of fermentation conditions.These approaches offer a flexible and scalable platform for violacein biosynthesis.Furthermore,recent efforts have focused on utilizing agro-industrial waste as a cost-effective and sustainable feedstock to further improve production efficiency and environmental compatibility.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in violacein production,examines the challenges associated with its application,and pro-poses strategies for optimizing gene expression,refining fermentation protocols,and utilizing low-cost raw materials to facilitate the efficient and sustainable violacein production.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC3401301)Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund Project(CX(24)3085)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22408164)Shandong Taishan Industrial Experts Program(202306155)Jiangsu Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20220052)the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering(No.SKL-MCE-23A10)the National Spanish project MICODE(PID2020-114210RB-I00 MCIN/AEI).
文摘Violacein is a natural purple secondary metabolite with a wide range of biological activities including anti-bacterial,anticancer,antioxidant,and antiparasitic properties,rendering it a highly promising candidate for applications in medicine,agriculture,and food industries.Despite its availability from natural sources,a pro-found understanding of its production mechanisms has long been lacking.High-level production of violacein has been achieved through integrated strategies,including heterologous expression of its biosynthetic pathway in recombinant strains,enhancement of tryptophan precursor supply,and optimization of fermentation conditions.These approaches offer a flexible and scalable platform for violacein biosynthesis.Furthermore,recent efforts have focused on utilizing agro-industrial waste as a cost-effective and sustainable feedstock to further improve production efficiency and environmental compatibility.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in violacein production,examines the challenges associated with its application,and pro-poses strategies for optimizing gene expression,refining fermentation protocols,and utilizing low-cost raw materials to facilitate the efficient and sustainable violacein production.
