Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM),as a typical technique of single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM),has overcome the diffraction limit by randomly switching fluorophores between fluorescent and...Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM),as a typical technique of single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM),has overcome the diffraction limit by randomly switching fluorophores between fluorescent and dark states,allowing for the precise localization of isolated emission patterns and the super-resolution reconstruction from millions of localized positions of single fluorophores.A critical factor influencing localization precision is the photo-switching behavior of fluorophores,which is affected by the imaging buffer.The imaging buffer typically comprises oxygen scavengers,photo-switching reagents,and refractive index regulators.Oxygen scavengers help prevent photobleaching,photo-switching reagents assist in facilitating the conversion of fluorophores,and refractive index regulators are used to adjust the refractive index of the solution.The synergistic interaction of these components promotes stable blinking of fluorophores,reduces irreversible photobleaching,and thereby ensures high-quality super-resolution imaging.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the essential compositions and functionalities of imaging buffers used in STORM,serving as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to select appropriate imaging buffers for their experiments.展开更多
Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction durin...Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction during the imaging process.In this study,a rectangular cross-section field-of-view rotational CL(RC-CL)is proposed for circuit board imaging.Compared to other rotational CL systems,the field of view is the largest and most suitable for rectangular circuit boards.Meanwhile,as the imaging geometry of RC-CL is significantly different from that of cone-beam CT,the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress(FDK)reconstruction algorithm cannot be used directly.However,transferring the projection data to fit into the CBCT geometry using two-dimensional interpolation introduces interpolation errors.Therefore,an FDK-type analytical reconstruction algorithm applicable to RC-CL was developed.The effectiveness of the method was validated through numerical experiments,and the influence of the tilt angle on the reconstruction results was analyzed.Finally,the RC-CL technique was applied to real defect detection research on circuit boards.展开更多
The squeezing deformation of surrounding rock is an important factor restricting the safe construction and long-term operation of tunnels when a tunnel passes through soft strata with high ground stress.Under such sof...The squeezing deformation of surrounding rock is an important factor restricting the safe construction and long-term operation of tunnels when a tunnel passes through soft strata with high ground stress.Under such soft rock geological conditions,the large deformation of the surrounding rock can easily lead to the failure of supporting structures,including shotcrete cracks,spalling,and steel arch distortion.To improve the lining support performance during the large deformation of squeezed surrounding rock,this work selects aluminum foam with densities of 0.25 g/cm3,0.42 g/cm3 and 0.61 g/cm3 as the buffer layer material and carries out uniaxial confined compression tests.Through the evaluation and analysis of energy absorption and the comparison of the yield pressure of aluminum foam with those of other cushioning materials and yield pressure support systems,the strength,deformation and energy absorption of aluminum foam with a density of 0.25 g/cm3 meet the yield pressure performance requirements.The numerical model of the buffer layer yielding support system is then established via the finite element analysis software ABAQUS,and the influence of the buffer layer setting on the lining support is analyzed.Compared with the conventional support scheme,the addition of an aluminum foam buffer layer can reduce the stress and deformation of the primary support and secondary lining.The maximum and minimum principal stresses of the primary support are reduced by 13%and 15%,respectively.The maximum and minimum principal stresses of the secondary lining are reduced by 15%and 12%,respectively,and the displacement deformation of the secondary lining position is reduced by 15%.In summary,the application of aluminum foam buffer layer can reduce the stress and deformation of the primary support and secondary lining,improve the stress safety of the support and reduce the deformation of the support.展开更多
Urban environments offer a wealth of opportunities for residents to respite from their hectic life.Outdoor running or jogging becomes increasingly popular of an option.Impacts of urban environments on outdoor running,...Urban environments offer a wealth of opportunities for residents to respite from their hectic life.Outdoor running or jogging becomes increasingly popular of an option.Impacts of urban environments on outdoor running,despite some initial studies,remain underexplored.This study aims to establish an analytical framework that can holistically assess the urban environment on the healthy vitality of running.The proposed framework is applied to two modern Chinese cities,i.e.,Guangzhou and Shenzhen.We construct three interpretable random forest models to explore the non-linear relationship between environmental variables and running intensity(RI)through analyzing the runners'trajectories and integrating with multi-source urban big data(e.g.,street view imagery,remote sensing,and socio-economic data)across the built,natural,and social dimensions,The findings uncover that road density has the greatest impact on RI,and social variables(e.g.,population density and housing price)and natural variables(e.g.,slope and humidity)all make notable impact on outdoor running.Despite these findings,the impact of environmental variables likely change across different regions due to disparate regional construction and micro-environments,and those specific impacts as well as optimal thresholds also alter.Therefore,construction of healthy cities should take the whole urban environment into account and adapt to local conditions.This study provides a comprehensive evaluation on the influencing variables of healthy vitality and guides sustainable urban planning for creating running-friendly cities.展开更多
Drone-based small object detection is of great significance in practical applications such as military actions, disaster rescue, transportation, etc. However, the severe scale differences in objects captured by drones...Drone-based small object detection is of great significance in practical applications such as military actions, disaster rescue, transportation, etc. However, the severe scale differences in objects captured by drones and lack of detail information for small-scale objects make drone-based small object detection a formidable challenge. To address these issues, we first develop a mathematical model to explore how changing receptive fields impacts the polynomial fitting results. Subsequently, based on the obtained conclusions, we propose a simple but effective Hybrid Receptive Field Network (HRFNet), whose modules include Hybrid Feature Augmentation (HFA), Hybrid Feature Pyramid (HFP) and Dual Scale Head (DSH). Specifically, HFA employs parallel dilated convolution kernels of different sizes to extend shallow features with different receptive fields, committed to improving the multi-scale adaptability of the network;HFP enhances the perception of small objects by capturing contextual information across layers, while DSH reconstructs the original prediction head utilizing a set of high-resolution features and ultrahigh-resolution features. In addition, in order to train HRFNet, the corresponding dual-scale loss function is designed. Finally, comprehensive evaluation results on public benchmarks such as VisDrone-DET and TinyPerson demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method. Most impressively, the proposed HRFNet achieves a mAP of 51.0 on VisDrone-DET with 29.3 M parameters, which outperforms the extant state-of-the-art detectors. HRFNet also performs excellently in complex scenarios captured by drones, achieving the best performance on the CS-Drone dataset we built.展开更多
The establishment of a sound science and technology ethics governance system is an inevitable requirement for national modernization.Faced with the development of human gene technology and the chaos in research activi...The establishment of a sound science and technology ethics governance system is an inevitable requirement for national modernization.Faced with the development of human gene technology and the chaos in research activities,the ethical standards and legal positioning of human gene research activities urgently need to be clarified.The human rights ethics view has value inclusiveness and value fundamentality,and includes three levels of connotations:content dimension,relationship dimension,and obligation dimension.It should serve as the ethical standard for human gene research activities.Based on the provisions of China’s Constitution,the human rights ethics view on human gene research,as a constitutional ethics view,can elucidate different levels of rights content,such as human dignity,life and health,and research freedom.It also addresses the weighing of basic rights conflicts and the dual obligation subjects of public and private nature.Relying on the constitutional value embedding of the research ethics view to form ethical consensus,improving ethical review through framework legislation for human rights interests,and implementing ethical responsibility through the human rights-oriented interpretation of ethical legal norms are the three pathways to realizing the human rights ethics view on human gene research.展开更多
The Casimir pressure plays an important role in the adhesion stability of nanofilms at submicro scales.In this work,the Casimir pressure of peptide films deposited on a layered substrate is investigated.Three types of...The Casimir pressure plays an important role in the adhesion stability of nanofilms at submicro scales.In this work,the Casimir pressure of peptide films deposited on a layered substrate is investigated.Three types of semi-infinite substrates,i.e.,silica,silicon and gold,are considered.The buffer layer between the peptide film and substrate consists of silicon or silica.The switching sign of the Casimir pressure can be controlled in a region ranging from about 130 nm to 1000 nm,depending on the thickness of the buffer layer and the substrate.The results suggest that the critical thickness of peptide films for Casimir equilibrium increases(or decreases)by increasing the thickness of the silicon(or silica)buffer film.The influences of wetting and electrolyte screening on the Casimir pressure are also investigated.Our finding provides a theoretical guide for the adhesion stability of peptide films in organic electronics.展开更多
Maglev trains experience significant aerodynamic effects when passing through tunnels.A moving model test was conducted to explore the practical effects of speed reduction and entrance buffer structures on mitigating ...Maglev trains experience significant aerodynamic effects when passing through tunnels.A moving model test was conducted to explore the practical effects of speed reduction and entrance buffer structures on mitigating tunnel/maglev aerodynamic effects.It is found that both have an overall positive effect on mitigating the aerodynamic environment inside and outside the tunnel.Trains operating at 200 km/h show a 49.8%decrease in peak-to-peak pressure and a 50.7%decrease in transient pressure instability on inner walls compared to those at 280 km/h.Lower speeds resulted in a 65.6%decrease in amplitude and a 24.5%decrease in decay rate,both of which are parameters for exponential fittings of pressure peaks that decay naturally after the train leaves.The buffer structures result in a reduction of up to 25.7%in the maximum positive pressure and a 29.0%decrease in transient pressure instability.Additionally,a reduction in amplitude of up to 21.2%and a 32.2%increase in decay rate were observed with the use of buffer structures.Nevertheless,it is difficult to conclude direct correlations between the maximum pressure,peak-to-peak values,etc.,and the speeds or buffer structures due to the complex wave propagation in tunnels.However,speed reduction and buffer structures are proven to be effective in reducing the micro-pressure wave levels with a simpler monotonic relationship.展开更多
Man-made superheavy elements(SHE)are produced as energetic recoils in complete-fusion reactions and need to be thermalized in a gas-filled chamber for chemical studies.The ever-shorter half-lives and decreasing produc...Man-made superheavy elements(SHE)are produced as energetic recoils in complete-fusion reactions and need to be thermalized in a gas-filled chamber for chemical studies.The ever-shorter half-lives and decreasing production rates of the elements beyond Fl(atomic number Z=114)-the heaviest element chemically studied today-require the development of novel techniques for quantitative thermalization and fast extraction efficiency.The Universal high-density gas stopping Cell(UniCell),currently under construction,was proposed to achieve this.Within this work,we propose an Ion Transfer by Gas Flow(ITGF)device,which serves as a UniCell ejector to interface with a gas chromatography detector array for chemical studies.Detailed parameter optimizations,using gas dynamics and Monte Carlo ion-trajectory simulations,promise fast(within a few ms)and highly efficient(up to 100%)ion extraction across a wide mass range.These ions can then be transmitted quantitatively through the ITGF into the high-pressure environment needed for further chemical studies.展开更多
In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defe...In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defect prediction methods based on software metric elements highly rely on software metric data.However,redundant software metric data is not conducive to efficient defect prediction,posing severe challenges to current software defect prediction tasks.To address these issues,this paper focuses on the rational clustering of software metric data.Firstly,multiple software projects are evaluated to determine the preset number of clusters for software metrics,and various clustering methods are employed to cluster the metric elements.Subsequently,a co-occurrence matrix is designed to comprehensively quantify the number of times that metrics appear in the same category.Based on the comprehensive results,the software metric data are divided into two semantic views containing different metrics,thereby analyzing the semantic information behind the software metrics.On this basis,this paper also conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of different semantic view of metrics on defect prediction results,as well as the performance of various classification models under these semantic views.Experiments show that the joint use of the two semantic views can significantly improve the performance of models in software defect prediction,providing a new understanding and approach at the semantic view level for defect prediction research based on software metrics.展开更多
Temperate forests exert significant biogeophysical influences on local and regional climates through modulating the energy and moisture exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere,thereby serving as crucial ...Temperate forests exert significant biogeophysical influences on local and regional climates through modulating the energy and moisture exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere,thereby serving as crucial barriers with significant buffering impacts on the productivity of adjacent agricultural ecosystems.However,the extent and underlying mechanisms of these biogeophysical and buffering effects of temperate forest barriers remains insufficiently understood.In this study,we integrated the dynamic crop model Noah-MP-Crop with the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model to investigate the biogeophysical climate regulation of temperate forests and its buffering effects on crop yields in adjacent agricultural lands across Northeast China.Our findings revealed that temperate forest barriers induced significant local climate effects by cooling air and surface temperatures and reducing wind speeds within forested areas during the growing season,while also regulating non-local climate,particularly by altering regional precipitation patterns,2 m water vapor mixing ratio(Q2),and soil moisture,predominantly in adjacent cropland areas.Furthermore,these forest barriers were found to modulate climate extremes,through affecting maximum temperature and wind speed on a local scale,as well as both maximum and minimum Q2 in non-local croplands.Our study also observed that temperate forest barriers,through biogeophysical climate regulation,enhanced GPP,NPP,and grain yields across most cropland areas.This productivity boost was especially pronounced,with yield increases up to 20%in certain regions during the extreme drought conditions of 2017,underscoring the critical role of temperate forest barriers in sustaining and enhancing crop yields under severe climatic stress.Our findings underscore the significant buffering effects of temperate forest barriers on regional agricultural production,having important implications for climate adaptation strategies aimed at bolstering agricultural resilience in the face of increasing climate variability and extremes.展开更多
The increasing prevalence of multi-view data has made multi-view clustering a crucial technique for discovering latent structures from heterogeneous representations.However,traditional fuzzy clustering algorithms show...The increasing prevalence of multi-view data has made multi-view clustering a crucial technique for discovering latent structures from heterogeneous representations.However,traditional fuzzy clustering algorithms show limitations with the inherent uncertainty and imprecision of such data,as they rely on a single-dimensional membership value.To overcome these limitations,we propose an auto-weighted multi-view neutrosophic fuzzy clustering(AW-MVNFC)algorithm.Our method leverages the neutrosophic framework,an extension of fuzzy sets,to explicitly model imprecision and ambiguity through three membership degrees.The core novelty of AWMVNFC lies in a hierarchical weighting strategy that adaptively learns the contributions of both individual data views and the importance of each feature within a view.Through a unified objective function,AW-MVNFC jointly optimizes the neutrosophic membership assignments,cluster centers,and the distributions of view and feature weights.Comprehensive experiments conducted on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our algorithm achieves more accurate and stable clustering than existing methods,demonstrating its effectiveness in handling the complexities of multi-view data.展开更多
Volumetric additive manufacturing(VAM) transforms traditional 2D light pattern projection into spatial light field energy superposition,maximizing the utilization of radiated light and allowing for ultra-fast,support-...Volumetric additive manufacturing(VAM) transforms traditional 2D light pattern projection into spatial light field energy superposition,maximizing the utilization of radiated light and allowing for ultra-fast,support-free printing,which has specific applications in fields such as life sciences and optics.However,traditional VAM processes require numerous projections and extensive computational preparation,limiting practical applications due to low projection efficiency and prolonged calculation times.In this study,we developed sparse-view irradiation processing VAM(SVIP-VAM),employing an optimized odd-even(OE) irradiation strategy inspired by sparse-view computed tomography.Theoretically,we demonstrated structural contour reconstruction feasibility with as few as 8 projections.Using this sparse-view approach,we achieved high-quality fabrication with only 15 projections,enhancing each projection efficiency by over 60 times and reducing projection set computational time by nearly 10-fold.Ultimately,this efficient sparse-view method significantly expands VAM applications into fields requiring rapid manufacturing,such as tissue engineering,medical implants,and aerospace manufacturing.展开更多
This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of ...This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical connotation of the“five-organ concept”,we discussed the characteristics of the five-organ mechanism of affective-philosophical disorders in detail,systematically constructed a system of identification based on the association of the five organs,and proposed a comprehensive and holistic treatment strategy.The results of the study clearly show that the theoretical framework can provide systematic theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,help to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of affective-philosophical disorders,and provide new ideas and methods for the theoretical development and clinical practice of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,which is of important theoretical and practical significance,and can further promote the modernization of the development of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62305041)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.2023-MS-103)。
文摘Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy(STORM),as a typical technique of single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM),has overcome the diffraction limit by randomly switching fluorophores between fluorescent and dark states,allowing for the precise localization of isolated emission patterns and the super-resolution reconstruction from millions of localized positions of single fluorophores.A critical factor influencing localization precision is the photo-switching behavior of fluorophores,which is affected by the imaging buffer.The imaging buffer typically comprises oxygen scavengers,photo-switching reagents,and refractive index regulators.Oxygen scavengers help prevent photobleaching,photo-switching reagents assist in facilitating the conversion of fluorophores,and refractive index regulators are used to adjust the refractive index of the solution.The synergistic interaction of these components promotes stable blinking of fluorophores,reduces irreversible photobleaching,and thereby ensures high-quality super-resolution imaging.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the essential compositions and functionalities of imaging buffers used in STORM,serving as a valuable resource for researchers seeking to select appropriate imaging buffers for their experiments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0607802)。
文摘Rotational computed laminography(CL)has broad application potential in three-dimensional imaging of plate-like objects because it only requires X-rays to pass through the tested object in the thickness direction during the imaging process.In this study,a rectangular cross-section field-of-view rotational CL(RC-CL)is proposed for circuit board imaging.Compared to other rotational CL systems,the field of view is the largest and most suitable for rectangular circuit boards.Meanwhile,as the imaging geometry of RC-CL is significantly different from that of cone-beam CT,the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress(FDK)reconstruction algorithm cannot be used directly.However,transferring the projection data to fit into the CBCT geometry using two-dimensional interpolation introduces interpolation errors.Therefore,an FDK-type analytical reconstruction algorithm applicable to RC-CL was developed.The effectiveness of the method was validated through numerical experiments,and the influence of the tilt angle on the reconstruction results was analyzed.Finally,the RC-CL technique was applied to real defect detection research on circuit boards.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42207199)Scientific Research Project of Education of Zhejiang Province(No.Y202351343)+1 种基金Zhejiang Postdoctoral Scientific Research Project(Grant Nos.ZJ2022155,ZJ2022156)Zhejiang Province International Science and Technology Cooperation Base Open Fund Project(IBGDP-2023-01)。
文摘The squeezing deformation of surrounding rock is an important factor restricting the safe construction and long-term operation of tunnels when a tunnel passes through soft strata with high ground stress.Under such soft rock geological conditions,the large deformation of the surrounding rock can easily lead to the failure of supporting structures,including shotcrete cracks,spalling,and steel arch distortion.To improve the lining support performance during the large deformation of squeezed surrounding rock,this work selects aluminum foam with densities of 0.25 g/cm3,0.42 g/cm3 and 0.61 g/cm3 as the buffer layer material and carries out uniaxial confined compression tests.Through the evaluation and analysis of energy absorption and the comparison of the yield pressure of aluminum foam with those of other cushioning materials and yield pressure support systems,the strength,deformation and energy absorption of aluminum foam with a density of 0.25 g/cm3 meet the yield pressure performance requirements.The numerical model of the buffer layer yielding support system is then established via the finite element analysis software ABAQUS,and the influence of the buffer layer setting on the lining support is analyzed.Compared with the conventional support scheme,the addition of an aluminum foam buffer layer can reduce the stress and deformation of the primary support and secondary lining.The maximum and minimum principal stresses of the primary support are reduced by 13%and 15%,respectively.The maximum and minimum principal stresses of the secondary lining are reduced by 15%and 12%,respectively,and the displacement deformation of the secondary lining position is reduced by 15%.In summary,the application of aluminum foam buffer layer can reduce the stress and deformation of the primary support and secondary lining,improve the stress safety of the support and reduce the deformation of the support.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42171455The Hong Kong RGC Research Impact Fund,No.R5011-23The Hong Kong General Research Fund,No.15204121。
文摘Urban environments offer a wealth of opportunities for residents to respite from their hectic life.Outdoor running or jogging becomes increasingly popular of an option.Impacts of urban environments on outdoor running,despite some initial studies,remain underexplored.This study aims to establish an analytical framework that can holistically assess the urban environment on the healthy vitality of running.The proposed framework is applied to two modern Chinese cities,i.e.,Guangzhou and Shenzhen.We construct three interpretable random forest models to explore the non-linear relationship between environmental variables and running intensity(RI)through analyzing the runners'trajectories and integrating with multi-source urban big data(e.g.,street view imagery,remote sensing,and socio-economic data)across the built,natural,and social dimensions,The findings uncover that road density has the greatest impact on RI,and social variables(e.g.,population density and housing price)and natural variables(e.g.,slope and humidity)all make notable impact on outdoor running.Despite these findings,the impact of environmental variables likely change across different regions due to disparate regional construction and micro-environments,and those specific impacts as well as optimal thresholds also alter.Therefore,construction of healthy cities should take the whole urban environment into account and adapt to local conditions.This study provides a comprehensive evaluation on the influencing variables of healthy vitality and guides sustainable urban planning for creating running-friendly cities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62276204 and 62203343)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.YJSJ24011)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shanxi,China(Nos.2022JM-340 and 2023-JC-QN-0710)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020T130494 and 2018M633470).
文摘Drone-based small object detection is of great significance in practical applications such as military actions, disaster rescue, transportation, etc. However, the severe scale differences in objects captured by drones and lack of detail information for small-scale objects make drone-based small object detection a formidable challenge. To address these issues, we first develop a mathematical model to explore how changing receptive fields impacts the polynomial fitting results. Subsequently, based on the obtained conclusions, we propose a simple but effective Hybrid Receptive Field Network (HRFNet), whose modules include Hybrid Feature Augmentation (HFA), Hybrid Feature Pyramid (HFP) and Dual Scale Head (DSH). Specifically, HFA employs parallel dilated convolution kernels of different sizes to extend shallow features with different receptive fields, committed to improving the multi-scale adaptability of the network;HFP enhances the perception of small objects by capturing contextual information across layers, while DSH reconstructs the original prediction head utilizing a set of high-resolution features and ultrahigh-resolution features. In addition, in order to train HRFNet, the corresponding dual-scale loss function is designed. Finally, comprehensive evaluation results on public benchmarks such as VisDrone-DET and TinyPerson demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method. Most impressively, the proposed HRFNet achieves a mAP of 51.0 on VisDrone-DET with 29.3 M parameters, which outperforms the extant state-of-the-art detectors. HRFNet also performs excellently in complex scenarios captured by drones, achieving the best performance on the CS-Drone dataset we built.
基金This paper is an interim result of“Constitutional Boundaries of the Application of Human Gene Editing Technology,”a Youth Project of the National Social Science Fund of China(Project Approval Number 23CFX040)supported by the“National Funded Programs for Postdoctoral Researchers”(GZC20230937).
文摘The establishment of a sound science and technology ethics governance system is an inevitable requirement for national modernization.Faced with the development of human gene technology and the chaos in research activities,the ethical standards and legal positioning of human gene research activities urgently need to be clarified.The human rights ethics view has value inclusiveness and value fundamentality,and includes three levels of connotations:content dimension,relationship dimension,and obligation dimension.It should serve as the ethical standard for human gene research activities.Based on the provisions of China’s Constitution,the human rights ethics view on human gene research,as a constitutional ethics view,can elucidate different levels of rights content,such as human dignity,life and health,and research freedom.It also addresses the weighing of basic rights conflicts and the dual obligation subjects of public and private nature.Relying on the constitutional value embedding of the research ethics view to form ethical consensus,improving ethical review through framework legislation for human rights interests,and implementing ethical responsibility through the human rights-oriented interpretation of ethical legal norms are the three pathways to realizing the human rights ethics view on human gene research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11804288)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(Grant No.232300420120)。
文摘The Casimir pressure plays an important role in the adhesion stability of nanofilms at submicro scales.In this work,the Casimir pressure of peptide films deposited on a layered substrate is investigated.Three types of semi-infinite substrates,i.e.,silica,silicon and gold,are considered.The buffer layer between the peptide film and substrate consists of silicon or silica.The switching sign of the Casimir pressure can be controlled in a region ranging from about 130 nm to 1000 nm,depending on the thickness of the buffer layer and the substrate.The results suggest that the critical thickness of peptide films for Casimir equilibrium increases(or decreases)by increasing the thickness of the silicon(or silica)buffer film.The influences of wetting and electrolyte screening on the Casimir pressure are also investigated.Our finding provides a theoretical guide for the adhesion stability of peptide films in organic electronics.
基金Project(52202426)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(15205723,15226424)supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China。
文摘Maglev trains experience significant aerodynamic effects when passing through tunnels.A moving model test was conducted to explore the practical effects of speed reduction and entrance buffer structures on mitigating tunnel/maglev aerodynamic effects.It is found that both have an overall positive effect on mitigating the aerodynamic environment inside and outside the tunnel.Trains operating at 200 km/h show a 49.8%decrease in peak-to-peak pressure and a 50.7%decrease in transient pressure instability on inner walls compared to those at 280 km/h.Lower speeds resulted in a 65.6%decrease in amplitude and a 24.5%decrease in decay rate,both of which are parameters for exponential fittings of pressure peaks that decay naturally after the train leaves.The buffer structures result in a reduction of up to 25.7%in the maximum positive pressure and a 29.0%decrease in transient pressure instability.Additionally,a reduction in amplitude of up to 21.2%and a 32.2%increase in decay rate were observed with the use of buffer structures.Nevertheless,it is difficult to conclude direct correlations between the maximum pressure,peak-to-peak values,etc.,and the speeds or buffer structures due to the complex wave propagation in tunnels.However,speed reduction and buffer structures are proven to be effective in reducing the micro-pressure wave levels with a simpler monotonic relationship.
基金This work was supported by the German BMBF (No.05P21UMFN2)
文摘Man-made superheavy elements(SHE)are produced as energetic recoils in complete-fusion reactions and need to be thermalized in a gas-filled chamber for chemical studies.The ever-shorter half-lives and decreasing production rates of the elements beyond Fl(atomic number Z=114)-the heaviest element chemically studied today-require the development of novel techniques for quantitative thermalization and fast extraction efficiency.The Universal high-density gas stopping Cell(UniCell),currently under construction,was proposed to achieve this.Within this work,we propose an Ion Transfer by Gas Flow(ITGF)device,which serves as a UniCell ejector to interface with a gas chromatography detector array for chemical studies.Detailed parameter optimizations,using gas dynamics and Monte Carlo ion-trajectory simulations,promise fast(within a few ms)and highly efficient(up to 100%)ion extraction across a wide mass range.These ions can then be transmitted quantitatively through the ITGF into the high-pressure environment needed for further chemical studies.
基金supported by the CCF-NSFOCUS‘Kunpeng’Research Fund(CCF-NSFOCUS2024012).
文摘In recent years,with the rapid development of software systems,the continuous expansion of software scale and the increasing complexity of systems have led to the emergence of a growing number of software metrics.Defect prediction methods based on software metric elements highly rely on software metric data.However,redundant software metric data is not conducive to efficient defect prediction,posing severe challenges to current software defect prediction tasks.To address these issues,this paper focuses on the rational clustering of software metric data.Firstly,multiple software projects are evaluated to determine the preset number of clusters for software metrics,and various clustering methods are employed to cluster the metric elements.Subsequently,a co-occurrence matrix is designed to comprehensively quantify the number of times that metrics appear in the same category.Based on the comprehensive results,the software metric data are divided into two semantic views containing different metrics,thereby analyzing the semantic information behind the software metrics.On this basis,this paper also conducts an in-depth analysis of the impact of different semantic view of metrics on defect prediction results,as well as the performance of various classification models under these semantic views.Experiments show that the joint use of the two semantic views can significantly improve the performance of models in software defect prediction,providing a new understanding and approach at the semantic view level for defect prediction research based on software metrics.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFD1501600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42071025,42371075)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2023240).
文摘Temperate forests exert significant biogeophysical influences on local and regional climates through modulating the energy and moisture exchanges between the land surface and the atmosphere,thereby serving as crucial barriers with significant buffering impacts on the productivity of adjacent agricultural ecosystems.However,the extent and underlying mechanisms of these biogeophysical and buffering effects of temperate forest barriers remains insufficiently understood.In this study,we integrated the dynamic crop model Noah-MP-Crop with the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model to investigate the biogeophysical climate regulation of temperate forests and its buffering effects on crop yields in adjacent agricultural lands across Northeast China.Our findings revealed that temperate forest barriers induced significant local climate effects by cooling air and surface temperatures and reducing wind speeds within forested areas during the growing season,while also regulating non-local climate,particularly by altering regional precipitation patterns,2 m water vapor mixing ratio(Q2),and soil moisture,predominantly in adjacent cropland areas.Furthermore,these forest barriers were found to modulate climate extremes,through affecting maximum temperature and wind speed on a local scale,as well as both maximum and minimum Q2 in non-local croplands.Our study also observed that temperate forest barriers,through biogeophysical climate regulation,enhanced GPP,NPP,and grain yields across most cropland areas.This productivity boost was especially pronounced,with yield increases up to 20%in certain regions during the extreme drought conditions of 2017,underscoring the critical role of temperate forest barriers in sustaining and enhancing crop yields under severe climatic stress.Our findings underscore the significant buffering effects of temperate forest barriers on regional agricultural production,having important implications for climate adaptation strategies aimed at bolstering agricultural resilience in the face of increasing climate variability and extremes.
文摘The increasing prevalence of multi-view data has made multi-view clustering a crucial technique for discovering latent structures from heterogeneous representations.However,traditional fuzzy clustering algorithms show limitations with the inherent uncertainty and imprecision of such data,as they rely on a single-dimensional membership value.To overcome these limitations,we propose an auto-weighted multi-view neutrosophic fuzzy clustering(AW-MVNFC)algorithm.Our method leverages the neutrosophic framework,an extension of fuzzy sets,to explicitly model imprecision and ambiguity through three membership degrees.The core novelty of AWMVNFC lies in a hierarchical weighting strategy that adaptively learns the contributions of both individual data views and the importance of each feature within a view.Through a unified objective function,AW-MVNFC jointly optimizes the neutrosophic membership assignments,cluster centers,and the distributions of view and feature weights.Comprehensive experiments conducted on synthetic and real-world datasets demonstrate that our algorithm achieves more accurate and stable clustering than existing methods,demonstrating its effectiveness in handling the complexities of multi-view data.
基金supported financially by the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (L232109)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22073003)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YWF-22-K-101)。
文摘Volumetric additive manufacturing(VAM) transforms traditional 2D light pattern projection into spatial light field energy superposition,maximizing the utilization of radiated light and allowing for ultra-fast,support-free printing,which has specific applications in fields such as life sciences and optics.However,traditional VAM processes require numerous projections and extensive computational preparation,limiting practical applications due to low projection efficiency and prolonged calculation times.In this study,we developed sparse-view irradiation processing VAM(SVIP-VAM),employing an optimized odd-even(OE) irradiation strategy inspired by sparse-view computed tomography.Theoretically,we demonstrated structural contour reconstruction feasibility with as few as 8 projections.Using this sparse-view approach,we achieved high-quality fabrication with only 15 projections,enhancing each projection efficiency by over 60 times and reducing projection set computational time by nearly 10-fold.Ultimately,this efficient sparse-view method significantly expands VAM applications into fields requiring rapid manufacturing,such as tissue engineering,medical implants,and aerospace manufacturing.
文摘This paper is dedicated to constructing a theoretical framework for the identification and treatment of affective disorders in traditional Chinese medicine based on the“five-organ view”.Through in-depth analysis of the theoretical connotation of the“five-organ concept”,we discussed the characteristics of the five-organ mechanism of affective-philosophical disorders in detail,systematically constructed a system of identification based on the association of the five organs,and proposed a comprehensive and holistic treatment strategy.The results of the study clearly show that the theoretical framework can provide systematic theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,help to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic effects of affective-philosophical disorders,and provide new ideas and methods for the theoretical development and clinical practice of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine,which is of important theoretical and practical significance,and can further promote the modernization of the development of affective-philosophical disorders in Chinese medicine.
