Background Efficient disaster victim detection(DVD)in urban areas after natural disasters is crucial for minimizing losses.However,conventional search and rescue(SAR)methods often experience delays,which can hinder th...Background Efficient disaster victim detection(DVD)in urban areas after natural disasters is crucial for minimizing losses.However,conventional search and rescue(SAR)methods often experience delays,which can hinder the timely detection of victims.SAR teams face various challenges,including limited access to debris and collapsed structures,safety risks due to unstable conditions,and disrupted communication networks.Methods In this paper,we present DeepSafe,a novel two-level deep learning approach for multilevel classification and object detection using a simulated disaster victim dataset.DeepSafe first employs YOLOv8 to classify images into victim and non-victim categories.Subsequently,Detectron2 is used to precisely locate and outline the victims.Results Experimental results demonstrate the promising performance of DeepSafe in both victim classification and detection.The model effectively identified and located victims under the challenging conditions presented in the dataset.Conclusion DeepSafe offers a practical tool for real-time disaster management and SAR operations,significantly improving conventional methods by reducing delays and enhancing victim detection accuracy in disaster-stricken urban areas.展开更多
BACKGROUND Peer bullying victimization(PBV)is a significant public health issue that adolescents often face,with approximately one-third having experienced PBV.Understanding its interrelationships with mental health p...BACKGROUND Peer bullying victimization(PBV)is a significant public health issue that adolescents often face,with approximately one-third having experienced PBV.Understanding its interrelationships with mental health problems is crucial for effective intervention.This study aims to examine the longitudinal relationships between internalizing problems(depression and anxiety),externalizing problems(aggression),and PBV among middle school students using cross-lagged panel network analysis.AIM To examine the longitudinal relationships between internalizing problems(depression and anxiety),externalizing problems(aggression),and PBV among middle school students using cross-lagged panel network analysis.METHODS A total of 1260 middle school students(54.6%male)participated in this study.Data were collected at two time points(time 1 and time 2)using self-report questionnaires to assess PBV,depression,anxiety,and aggression.Cross-lagged panel network analysis was applied to examine the bi-directional relationships between these variables over time.RESULTS Depression,particularly a“sad mood,”was the most significant predictor of both PBV and aggression.Cyberbullying victimization also emerged as a key factor influencing depression and anxiety.While anxiety had weaker and less consistent effects on PBV,aggression was predominantly influenced by depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances.The analysis also identified key symptoms,such as a“sad mood”and sleep disturbances,as crucial targets for intervention to mitigate the cycle of PBV,depression,anxiety,and aggression.CONCLUSION This study provides important insights for bullying victimization prevention and intervention strategies:(1)Early identification and intervention targeting depression,particularly a“sad mood,”and sleep disturbances;(2)The importance of addressing cyberbullying as a distinct factor influencing mental health;and(3)The need for comprehensive,longitudinal approaches to understanding and intervening in the interconnected mental health issues among adolescents.展开更多
The article seeks to present spiritual abuse and the untold harm it causes.While cognisant of the fact that this kind of abuse can occur within any faith context,the focus of this study is the possible existence of th...The article seeks to present spiritual abuse and the untold harm it causes.While cognisant of the fact that this kind of abuse can occur within any faith context,the focus of this study is the possible existence of the phenomenon within certain Christian religious groups,such as lay associations and movements,although it can take place within other more formal ecclesial structures such as dioceses,parishes,and institutes of consecrated life,too.The features of spiritual abuse are outlined,together with the urgency concerning an increased awareness about it.The Catholic Church,at a universal level,is in the process of delving more deeply into the phenomenon as it seeks to prepare useful guidelines with the aim of safeguarding the vulnerable who may be potential victims of this kind of abuse.The subtlety of the latter is coupled with the fact that it may be conveniently disguised under the cover of spiritual input,practices and prayer,as well as personal and communal spiritual relationships.展开更多
Online gaming has become a daily norm,leading to unique forms of game-bullying distinct from traditional cyberbullying due to its immersive nature and ranking systems.This study examined how game-bullying victimizatio...Online gaming has become a daily norm,leading to unique forms of game-bullying distinct from traditional cyberbullying due to its immersive nature and ranking systems.This study examined how game-bullying victimization(GBV)affects depression via self-esteem,moderated by resilience and the state offlow,among 359 Chinese MOBA(Multiplayer-online-battle-arena)gamers(30.7%female,mean age=23.8 years,SD=4.57 years).The analysis revealed a direct link between GBV and depression.Self-esteem mediates this relationship,with higher GBV associated with lower self-esteem and subsequently greater depression.Resilience moderates both direct and indirect effects,mitigating GBV’s impact on self-esteem and depression in those with higher resilience.However,the state offlow did not moderate the mediation process.These results underscore that game-bullying affects more than just gaming addicts,highlighting the crucial roles of self-esteem and resilience.Thefindings suggest expanding the SOR model to account for personality traits susceptible to GBV,an emerging psychological harm.展开更多
This case study explores the efficacy of school-based intervention to address psychosocial challenges faced by an 11-year-old adolescent. The case study aimed to decrease the agression and acting out behavior as resul...This case study explores the efficacy of school-based intervention to address psychosocial challenges faced by an 11-year-old adolescent. The case study aimed to decrease the agression and acting out behavior as result of being victimized at school by the peers. The aim was to assess and manage the child’s aggressive behavior and academic underperformance which played a significant role in the child’s low self-esteem and emotional regulation. A comprehensive assessment was conducted to rule out the difficulties and a multi-faceted intervention strategy was utilized including anger management and structured activity scheduling that helped that child to improve his academic performance as well as to learn to manage his emotional expression. Throughout 16 sessions, the intervention targeted key behavioural indicators such as emotional expression, and aggression;post-assessment results demonstrated a 22% improvement in the child’s behavioral and academic challenges. The findings suggest that a multi-faceted therapeutic approach can be effective in addressing complex issues of aggression and academic underperformance in children, highlighting the importance of integrated psychological and educational interventions.展开更多
Fraudulent website is an important car-rier tool for telecom fraud.At present,criminals can use artificial intelligence generative content technol-ogy to quickly generate fraudulent website templates and build fraudul...Fraudulent website is an important car-rier tool for telecom fraud.At present,criminals can use artificial intelligence generative content technol-ogy to quickly generate fraudulent website templates and build fraudulent websites in batches.Accurate identification of fraudulent website will effectively re-duce the risk of public victimization.Therefore,this study developed a fraudulent website template iden-tification method based on DOM structure extraction of website fingerprint features,which solves the prob-lems of single-dimension identification,low accuracy,and the insufficient generalization ability of current fraudulent website templates.This method uses an im-proved SimHash algorithm to traverse the DOM tree of a webpage,extract website node features,calcu-late the weight of each node,and obtain the finger-print feature vector of the website through dimension-ality reduction.Finally,the random forest algorithm is used to optimize the training features for the best combination of parameters.This method automati-cally extracts fingerprint features from websites and identifies website template ownership based on these features.An experimental analysis showed that this method achieves a classification accuracy of 89.8%and demonstrates superior recognition.展开更多
This study examined the impact of teacher-student relationship quality on students’risk of bullying victimiza-tion and the mediating roles of student-student relationships and student engagement in this relationship....This study examined the impact of teacher-student relationship quality on students’risk of bullying victimiza-tion and the mediating roles of student-student relationships and student engagement in this relationship.A total of 656 Chinese junior high school students(females=361,mean age=13.75,SD=0.98)completed validated measures of teacher-student relationship quality,student-student relationship quality,student engagement,and bullying victimization.Regression analysis results indicated that higher teacher-student relationship quality predicted a lower risk of student bullying victimization.Serial mediating effect testing of the student-student relationship quality and student engagement revealed that these factors fully mediated the relationship between teacher-student relationship quality and bullying victimization,resulting in a lower risk of bullying victimization.The results showed that student-student relationship quality had a more substantial mediating effect than student engagement.Thefindings support the Socio-Ecological Framework,suggesting that within the Microsystem,interactions between individuals and their immediate environments significantly impact their behavior.Specifically,thesefindings suggest that good teacher-student relationships can enhance the quality of student-student relationships and student engagement,thereby preventing and reducing the occurrence of bullying victimization.展开更多
This paper attempts to explore how Shylock in William Shakespeare＇s The Merchant of Venice （1995） and Heathcliff in Emily Bronte＇s Wuthering Heights （2003） were victimized who became victimizer later to heal the...This paper attempts to explore how Shylock in William Shakespeare＇s The Merchant of Venice （1995） and Heathcliff in Emily Bronte＇s Wuthering Heights （2003） were victimized who became victimizer later to heal their wound and compensate their loss and how they were victimized in turn in doing so. Shylock was victimized by the Christian society along with his own. His daughter left him in favor of the Christians. He later became a victimizer but was ironically victimized in turn in wreaking vengeance on his foes in the court. Similarly, Heathcliffs true spiritual love was rejected by His Catherine, neglected by everyone, physically and mentally abused. Later, he wreaked vengeance upon his foes but was victimized to death in turn. Shylock entered the court as a victimizer but left it as a victimized individual just as Heathcliff entered the Heights, after self-imposed exile, as a victimizer and left it as a victimized individual for good. Therefore, both of them experienced a cycle of victimization.展开更多
The present article makes comments on the film,Tess and draws the conclusion that the film carved a resourceful heroine and showed the audience a real,alive social world and also let us review our social moral standar...The present article makes comments on the film,Tess and draws the conclusion that the film carved a resourceful heroine and showed the audience a real,alive social world and also let us review our social moral standards through the character,which is a victim of traditional moral concepts.展开更多
With the method of comparative study and text analysis,this paper analyses Becky’s misfortune in the aspect of love,family and friendship,and seeks into roots of her loss in that dark and corruptive society.Besides,i...With the method of comparative study and text analysis,this paper analyses Becky’s misfortune in the aspect of love,family and friendship,and seeks into roots of her loss in that dark and corruptive society.Besides,in the present day society,people are commonly indulged in material enjoyment,easy to intrigue against others and alienate from friends,family members or even the society.Becky’s bitter experience and failure can be of educational meanings to people today.展开更多
Bertha Masan,the obstacle to the marriage between Jane and Rochester,is in fact a victim of the patriarchal society.This paper aims to make a tentative probe into the tragic destiny of Bertha from the perspective of p...Bertha Masan,the obstacle to the marriage between Jane and Rochester,is in fact a victim of the patriarchal society.This paper aims to make a tentative probe into the tragic destiny of Bertha from the perspective of patriarchal conventions.展开更多
The paper unveils the tragic root of many characters in the novel--Great Expectations--by analyzing their thoughts and behavior thoroughly and reveals a vivid social background of the 19th century. It has an original ...The paper unveils the tragic root of many characters in the novel--Great Expectations--by analyzing their thoughts and behavior thoroughly and reveals a vivid social background of the 19th century. It has an original view and is worth reading.展开更多
AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC...AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund.RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours.展开更多
Objective To examine relationships between weight status and different forms of bullying victimization among adolescents aged 11-18 years. Methods The relationships between weight status and bullying victimization （p...Objective To examine relationships between weight status and different forms of bullying victimization among adolescents aged 11-18 years. Methods The relationships between weight status and bullying victimization （physical, verbal, and relational） were examined utilizing data from the Guangdong Provincial Youth Health Behavior Survey. Data on height, weight, and victimization behaviors were collected by self-reporting from 12 439 subjects, Х^2 test and logistic regression were used to analyze relationships between weight and bullying victimization. Results The incidence of victimization for adolescents aged 11-18 years was 8.6%, with higher rates for boys （12.4%） than for girls （4.7%）. For children with normal, overweight and obese body mass index （BMI）, the incidence rates of victimization were 8,2%, 17.3%, and 11.5%, respectively. Compared to normal weight, overweight was a risk factor for bullying victimization（OR=1.60, 95% CI： 1.18-2.17）, and it also increased children＇s risk of being teased in a hurtful way （OR=2.13, 95% CI： 1.41-3.24） and being made fun of due to physical appearance （OR=3.58, 95% CI： 2.27-5.67）. Obesity only increased the risk for children of being made tim of due to physical appearance （OR=2.45, 95% CI： 1.44-4.15）. Conclusions The victimization for children at school is common in Guangdong province, China. Overweight and obese children are more likely to be victims of bullying behaviors, especially verbal victimization.展开更多
The risk of both severe and frequent injury associated with active pursuits in mountain areas is acknowledged. This phenomenon is all the most relevant to investigate in France that there is a growing enthusiasm for o...The risk of both severe and frequent injury associated with active pursuits in mountain areas is acknowledged. This phenomenon is all the most relevant to investigate in France that there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and recreation. This paper focuses on the social-demographic and sporting profiles of accident victims. Our intent is to better understand who is specifically at risk, while practicing mountain recreation, in the French mountains. Such identification doubtlessly constitutes an important asset in order to enhance prevention. Three critical activities are notably tackled, among some others: hiking, a widespread activity that exposes many practitioners to hazardous settings; mountaineering and ski touring, supposedly entailing the most severe injuries.In order to align the information collected, then provide estimations based on the reasoned crossing of these secondary data, we consulted and summarised all the databases that we knew of on the French territory: rescue team intervention reports, aggregated statistics from the sports ministry, sporting federation accident declarations, avalanche experts statistics, mountain guides union accident/incident reports, healthcare facilities admissions, etc. Only the sources consideredto be the most reliable and representative were used, owing to the number of cases processed, the exhaustive nature of data collection, or the level of information detail available. Our method also included consultation of all the parties playing an active role in prevention, training and mountain rescue, thus ensuring a participative, co-constructive approach to the study with the people that have the best knowledge of victim profiles. Around fifty such parties were interviewed on the methods implemented, the benefits and limits of current data, and the main expectations in terms of accidentology progress, thus further enhancing the credibility of the study proposed in this paper. Our results show that the parent population profiles(in terms of age, gender, place of residence, etc.), weighted by the level of exposure(frequency of participation, level of engagement, etc.) appears to have an impact on the accident victim profiles. There is certainly a very marked gender bias and a serious age impact to be taken into account, as well as the influence of the level of experience, which counter certain preconceived ideas and which, at the very least, go against instinct. However, aside from a probable over-exposure of experienced or expert participants, much remains to be explained concerning the accident mechanisms and circumstances involved. At this stage, we regret the analytic deficiencies induced by a lack ofknowledge concerning the parent populations in many cases, which makes interpretation difficult.展开更多
In Europe and especially in France,there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and recreation.In the meantime,the risk of both severe and frequent injuries associated with active pursuits is acknowledged,especial...In Europe and especially in France,there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and recreation.In the meantime,the risk of both severe and frequent injuries associated with active pursuits is acknowledged,especially in mountainous areas.The effectiveness of prevention must rely on detailed knowledge of typical circumstances and scenarios but thorough understanding of the mechanisms of accidentality remains limited by the fragmentation of sources and by mostly heterogeneous methodologies.This paper aims at giving insights on victims’profiles,season,location,and circumstances of mountaineering accidents in the French Alps,through the study of rescue interventions data from 2008 to 2018.Thanks to the analysis of the exhaustive database of search and rescue interventions from the French mountain national police force,and while questioning its limitations,we strive to answer two questions:what are the characteristics of the hazardous situations leading to a rescue intervention in mountaineering?Among these situations,what are the characteristics that tend to make them more harmful?展开更多
AIM To examine associated factors of bullying and to determine associations between bullying and psychosocial outcomes among individuals with visual impairments(Ⅵ).METHODS We conducted an age-stratified cross-section...AIM To examine associated factors of bullying and to determine associations between bullying and psychosocial outcomes among individuals with visual impairments(Ⅵ).METHODS We conducted an age-stratified cross-sectional survey of adults withⅥwho were recruited from the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted.Data were collected through structural telephone interviews in the period between February and May,2017.Linear regression models were used to examine factors related to bullying and associations of bullying with self-efficacy and life satisfaction.RESULTS A total of 736 individuals were interviewed.The lifetime and 6-mo prevalence of bullying was 41.7%and8.2%,respectively.The majority of bullied participants reportedⅥ-specific bullying(65.1%).Victimization of bullying was associated with young age,early onsetage ofⅥ,and having other impairments.Participants who reported bullying had lower levels of self-efficacy[Adjusted relative risk(ARR):0.40,95%confidence interval(CI):0.19-0.85]and life satisfaction(ARR:0.68,95%CI:0.51-0.91).CONCLUSION Bullying is highly prevalent among individuals withⅥ.Our findings suggest that interventions to reduce bullying may be beneficial for improving the well-being and life quality of people withⅥ.展开更多
ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 year...ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 years were investigated about their ACEs in the family,peer,school,and personal domains and the occurrence of six types of risky health behaviors(i.e.,smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,self-harm,and suicidal ideation and attempts).Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the ACE patterns.Results Six latent classes of ACEs were identified,including low adversity,school adversity,school adversity and peer victimization,peer victimization,maltreatment and peer victimization,and high adversity,and associated with risky health behaviors in adolescents.Being physically punished by a teacher,experiencing sexual abuse,and experiencing family trauma most strongly differentiated from the six AcE classes and were correlated with an increased risk for risky adolescent health behaviors.ConclusionThis study supports a positive association between ACEs and risky adolescent health behaviors.Peer victimization,school adversity and associated contexts need to be considered in future ACEstudies.展开更多
基金Supported by European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program(739578)the Government of the Republic of Cyprus through the Deputy Ministry of Research,Innovation,and Digital Policy.
文摘Background Efficient disaster victim detection(DVD)in urban areas after natural disasters is crucial for minimizing losses.However,conventional search and rescue(SAR)methods often experience delays,which can hinder the timely detection of victims.SAR teams face various challenges,including limited access to debris and collapsed structures,safety risks due to unstable conditions,and disrupted communication networks.Methods In this paper,we present DeepSafe,a novel two-level deep learning approach for multilevel classification and object detection using a simulated disaster victim dataset.DeepSafe first employs YOLOv8 to classify images into victim and non-victim categories.Subsequently,Detectron2 is used to precisely locate and outline the victims.Results Experimental results demonstrate the promising performance of DeepSafe in both victim classification and detection.The model effectively identified and located victims under the challenging conditions presented in the dataset.Conclusion DeepSafe offers a practical tool for real-time disaster management and SAR operations,significantly improving conventional methods by reducing delays and enhancing victim detection accuracy in disaster-stricken urban areas.
基金Supported by the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Foundation of Ministry of Education of China Project,No.22YJC190023.
文摘BACKGROUND Peer bullying victimization(PBV)is a significant public health issue that adolescents often face,with approximately one-third having experienced PBV.Understanding its interrelationships with mental health problems is crucial for effective intervention.This study aims to examine the longitudinal relationships between internalizing problems(depression and anxiety),externalizing problems(aggression),and PBV among middle school students using cross-lagged panel network analysis.AIM To examine the longitudinal relationships between internalizing problems(depression and anxiety),externalizing problems(aggression),and PBV among middle school students using cross-lagged panel network analysis.METHODS A total of 1260 middle school students(54.6%male)participated in this study.Data were collected at two time points(time 1 and time 2)using self-report questionnaires to assess PBV,depression,anxiety,and aggression.Cross-lagged panel network analysis was applied to examine the bi-directional relationships between these variables over time.RESULTS Depression,particularly a“sad mood,”was the most significant predictor of both PBV and aggression.Cyberbullying victimization also emerged as a key factor influencing depression and anxiety.While anxiety had weaker and less consistent effects on PBV,aggression was predominantly influenced by depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances.The analysis also identified key symptoms,such as a“sad mood”and sleep disturbances,as crucial targets for intervention to mitigate the cycle of PBV,depression,anxiety,and aggression.CONCLUSION This study provides important insights for bullying victimization prevention and intervention strategies:(1)Early identification and intervention targeting depression,particularly a“sad mood,”and sleep disturbances;(2)The importance of addressing cyberbullying as a distinct factor influencing mental health;and(3)The need for comprehensive,longitudinal approaches to understanding and intervening in the interconnected mental health issues among adolescents.
文摘The article seeks to present spiritual abuse and the untold harm it causes.While cognisant of the fact that this kind of abuse can occur within any faith context,the focus of this study is the possible existence of the phenomenon within certain Christian religious groups,such as lay associations and movements,although it can take place within other more formal ecclesial structures such as dioceses,parishes,and institutes of consecrated life,too.The features of spiritual abuse are outlined,together with the urgency concerning an increased awareness about it.The Catholic Church,at a universal level,is in the process of delving more deeply into the phenomenon as it seeks to prepare useful guidelines with the aim of safeguarding the vulnerable who may be potential victims of this kind of abuse.The subtlety of the latter is coupled with the fact that it may be conveniently disguised under the cover of spiritual input,practices and prayer,as well as personal and communal spiritual relationships.
文摘Online gaming has become a daily norm,leading to unique forms of game-bullying distinct from traditional cyberbullying due to its immersive nature and ranking systems.This study examined how game-bullying victimization(GBV)affects depression via self-esteem,moderated by resilience and the state offlow,among 359 Chinese MOBA(Multiplayer-online-battle-arena)gamers(30.7%female,mean age=23.8 years,SD=4.57 years).The analysis revealed a direct link between GBV and depression.Self-esteem mediates this relationship,with higher GBV associated with lower self-esteem and subsequently greater depression.Resilience moderates both direct and indirect effects,mitigating GBV’s impact on self-esteem and depression in those with higher resilience.However,the state offlow did not moderate the mediation process.These results underscore that game-bullying affects more than just gaming addicts,highlighting the crucial roles of self-esteem and resilience.Thefindings suggest expanding the SOR model to account for personality traits susceptible to GBV,an emerging psychological harm.
文摘This case study explores the efficacy of school-based intervention to address psychosocial challenges faced by an 11-year-old adolescent. The case study aimed to decrease the agression and acting out behavior as result of being victimized at school by the peers. The aim was to assess and manage the child’s aggressive behavior and academic underperformance which played a significant role in the child’s low self-esteem and emotional regulation. A comprehensive assessment was conducted to rule out the difficulties and a multi-faceted intervention strategy was utilized including anger management and structured activity scheduling that helped that child to improve his academic performance as well as to learn to manage his emotional expression. Throughout 16 sessions, the intervention targeted key behavioural indicators such as emotional expression, and aggression;post-assessment results demonstrated a 22% improvement in the child’s behavioral and academic challenges. The findings suggest that a multi-faceted therapeutic approach can be effective in addressing complex issues of aggression and academic underperformance in children, highlighting the importance of integrated psychological and educational interventions.
基金This research is a phased achievement of The National Social Science Fund of China(23BGL272).
文摘Fraudulent website is an important car-rier tool for telecom fraud.At present,criminals can use artificial intelligence generative content technol-ogy to quickly generate fraudulent website templates and build fraudulent websites in batches.Accurate identification of fraudulent website will effectively re-duce the risk of public victimization.Therefore,this study developed a fraudulent website template iden-tification method based on DOM structure extraction of website fingerprint features,which solves the prob-lems of single-dimension identification,low accuracy,and the insufficient generalization ability of current fraudulent website templates.This method uses an im-proved SimHash algorithm to traverse the DOM tree of a webpage,extract website node features,calcu-late the weight of each node,and obtain the finger-print feature vector of the website through dimension-ality reduction.Finally,the random forest algorithm is used to optimize the training features for the best combination of parameters.This method automati-cally extracts fingerprint features from websites and identifies website template ownership based on these features.An experimental analysis showed that this method achieves a classification accuracy of 89.8%and demonstrates superior recognition.
基金supported by the 2024 Henan Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project(Youth Project)entitled“Research on the Mechanism and Intervention of Self-Regulated Learning in Promoting Children’s Chinese Reading Comprehension”(2024CJY070).
文摘This study examined the impact of teacher-student relationship quality on students’risk of bullying victimiza-tion and the mediating roles of student-student relationships and student engagement in this relationship.A total of 656 Chinese junior high school students(females=361,mean age=13.75,SD=0.98)completed validated measures of teacher-student relationship quality,student-student relationship quality,student engagement,and bullying victimization.Regression analysis results indicated that higher teacher-student relationship quality predicted a lower risk of student bullying victimization.Serial mediating effect testing of the student-student relationship quality and student engagement revealed that these factors fully mediated the relationship between teacher-student relationship quality and bullying victimization,resulting in a lower risk of bullying victimization.The results showed that student-student relationship quality had a more substantial mediating effect than student engagement.Thefindings support the Socio-Ecological Framework,suggesting that within the Microsystem,interactions between individuals and their immediate environments significantly impact their behavior.Specifically,thesefindings suggest that good teacher-student relationships can enhance the quality of student-student relationships and student engagement,thereby preventing and reducing the occurrence of bullying victimization.
文摘This paper attempts to explore how Shylock in William Shakespeare＇s The Merchant of Venice （1995） and Heathcliff in Emily Bronte＇s Wuthering Heights （2003） were victimized who became victimizer later to heal their wound and compensate their loss and how they were victimized in turn in doing so. Shylock was victimized by the Christian society along with his own. His daughter left him in favor of the Christians. He later became a victimizer but was ironically victimized in turn in wreaking vengeance on his foes in the court. Similarly, Heathcliffs true spiritual love was rejected by His Catherine, neglected by everyone, physically and mentally abused. Later, he wreaked vengeance upon his foes but was victimized to death in turn. Shylock entered the court as a victimizer but left it as a victimized individual just as Heathcliff entered the Heights, after self-imposed exile, as a victimizer and left it as a victimized individual for good. Therefore, both of them experienced a cycle of victimization.
文摘The present article makes comments on the film,Tess and draws the conclusion that the film carved a resourceful heroine and showed the audience a real,alive social world and also let us review our social moral standards through the character,which is a victim of traditional moral concepts.
文摘With the method of comparative study and text analysis,this paper analyses Becky’s misfortune in the aspect of love,family and friendship,and seeks into roots of her loss in that dark and corruptive society.Besides,in the present day society,people are commonly indulged in material enjoyment,easy to intrigue against others and alienate from friends,family members or even the society.Becky’s bitter experience and failure can be of educational meanings to people today.
文摘Bertha Masan,the obstacle to the marriage between Jane and Rochester,is in fact a victim of the patriarchal society.This paper aims to make a tentative probe into the tragic destiny of Bertha from the perspective of patriarchal conventions.
文摘The paper unveils the tragic root of many characters in the novel--Great Expectations--by analyzing their thoughts and behavior thoroughly and reveals a vivid social background of the 19th century. It has an original view and is worth reading.
文摘AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal evidence.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, EMBASE, ERIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research Fund.RESULTS Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis.Statistically significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. Evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours.
基金funded by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
文摘Objective To examine relationships between weight status and different forms of bullying victimization among adolescents aged 11-18 years. Methods The relationships between weight status and bullying victimization （physical, verbal, and relational） were examined utilizing data from the Guangdong Provincial Youth Health Behavior Survey. Data on height, weight, and victimization behaviors were collected by self-reporting from 12 439 subjects, Х^2 test and logistic regression were used to analyze relationships between weight and bullying victimization. Results The incidence of victimization for adolescents aged 11-18 years was 8.6%, with higher rates for boys （12.4%） than for girls （4.7%）. For children with normal, overweight and obese body mass index （BMI）, the incidence rates of victimization were 8,2%, 17.3%, and 11.5%, respectively. Compared to normal weight, overweight was a risk factor for bullying victimization（OR=1.60, 95% CI： 1.18-2.17）, and it also increased children＇s risk of being teased in a hurtful way （OR=2.13, 95% CI： 1.41-3.24） and being made fun of due to physical appearance （OR=3.58, 95% CI： 2.27-5.67）. Obesity only increased the risk for children of being made tim of due to physical appearance （OR=2.45, 95% CI： 1.44-4.15）. Conclusions The victimization for children at school is common in Guangdong province, China. Overweight and obese children are more likely to be victims of bullying behaviors, especially verbal victimization.
文摘The risk of both severe and frequent injury associated with active pursuits in mountain areas is acknowledged. This phenomenon is all the most relevant to investigate in France that there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and recreation. This paper focuses on the social-demographic and sporting profiles of accident victims. Our intent is to better understand who is specifically at risk, while practicing mountain recreation, in the French mountains. Such identification doubtlessly constitutes an important asset in order to enhance prevention. Three critical activities are notably tackled, among some others: hiking, a widespread activity that exposes many practitioners to hazardous settings; mountaineering and ski touring, supposedly entailing the most severe injuries.In order to align the information collected, then provide estimations based on the reasoned crossing of these secondary data, we consulted and summarised all the databases that we knew of on the French territory: rescue team intervention reports, aggregated statistics from the sports ministry, sporting federation accident declarations, avalanche experts statistics, mountain guides union accident/incident reports, healthcare facilities admissions, etc. Only the sources consideredto be the most reliable and representative were used, owing to the number of cases processed, the exhaustive nature of data collection, or the level of information detail available. Our method also included consultation of all the parties playing an active role in prevention, training and mountain rescue, thus ensuring a participative, co-constructive approach to the study with the people that have the best knowledge of victim profiles. Around fifty such parties were interviewed on the methods implemented, the benefits and limits of current data, and the main expectations in terms of accidentology progress, thus further enhancing the credibility of the study proposed in this paper. Our results show that the parent population profiles(in terms of age, gender, place of residence, etc.), weighted by the level of exposure(frequency of participation, level of engagement, etc.) appears to have an impact on the accident victim profiles. There is certainly a very marked gender bias and a serious age impact to be taken into account, as well as the influence of the level of experience, which counter certain preconceived ideas and which, at the very least, go against instinct. However, aside from a probable over-exposure of experienced or expert participants, much remains to be explained concerning the accident mechanisms and circumstances involved. At this stage, we regret the analytic deficiencies induced by a lack ofknowledge concerning the parent populations in many cases, which makes interpretation difficult.
基金The Petzl foundation funded this research study。
文摘In Europe and especially in France,there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and recreation.In the meantime,the risk of both severe and frequent injuries associated with active pursuits is acknowledged,especially in mountainous areas.The effectiveness of prevention must rely on detailed knowledge of typical circumstances and scenarios but thorough understanding of the mechanisms of accidentality remains limited by the fragmentation of sources and by mostly heterogeneous methodologies.This paper aims at giving insights on victims’profiles,season,location,and circumstances of mountaineering accidents in the French Alps,through the study of rescue interventions data from 2008 to 2018.Thanks to the analysis of the exhaustive database of search and rescue interventions from the French mountain national police force,and while questioning its limitations,we strive to answer two questions:what are the characteristics of the hazardous situations leading to a rescue intervention in mountaineering?Among these situations,what are the characteristics that tend to make them more harmful?
基金the European Commission,Directorate General Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection,No.ECHO SUB/2015/718665/PREP17a part of the European Network for Psychosocial Crisis Management Assisting Disabled in Case of Disaster(EUNAD)
文摘AIM To examine associated factors of bullying and to determine associations between bullying and psychosocial outcomes among individuals with visual impairments(Ⅵ).METHODS We conducted an age-stratified cross-sectional survey of adults withⅥwho were recruited from the Norwegian Association of the Blind and Partially Sighted.Data were collected through structural telephone interviews in the period between February and May,2017.Linear regression models were used to examine factors related to bullying and associations of bullying with self-efficacy and life satisfaction.RESULTS A total of 736 individuals were interviewed.The lifetime and 6-mo prevalence of bullying was 41.7%and8.2%,respectively.The majority of bullied participants reportedⅥ-specific bullying(65.1%).Victimization of bullying was associated with young age,early onsetage ofⅥ,and having other impairments.Participants who reported bullying had lower levels of self-efficacy[Adjusted relative risk(ARR):0.40,95%confidence interval(CI):0.19-0.85]and life satisfaction(ARR:0.68,95%CI:0.51-0.91).CONCLUSION Bullying is highly prevalent among individuals withⅥ.Our findings suggest that interventions to reduce bullying may be beneficial for improving the well-being and life quality of people withⅥ.
基金This study has been supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number 81874268].
文摘ObjectiveTo present an approach to phenotyping ACEs and explore the association between ACEs and adolescent health risky behaviors based on the social context of China.Methods Totally,5,726 adolescents aged 12-18 years were investigated about their ACEs in the family,peer,school,and personal domains and the occurrence of six types of risky health behaviors(i.e.,smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,self-harm,and suicidal ideation and attempts).Latent class analysis(LCA)was used to explore the ACE patterns.Results Six latent classes of ACEs were identified,including low adversity,school adversity,school adversity and peer victimization,peer victimization,maltreatment and peer victimization,and high adversity,and associated with risky health behaviors in adolescents.Being physically punished by a teacher,experiencing sexual abuse,and experiencing family trauma most strongly differentiated from the six AcE classes and were correlated with an increased risk for risky adolescent health behaviors.ConclusionThis study supports a positive association between ACEs and risky adolescent health behaviors.Peer victimization,school adversity and associated contexts need to be considered in future ACEstudies.
