Knowledge of the plasticity of language pathways neurosurgeons to achieve maximum resection wh n patients with low-grade glioma is important for e preserving neurological function. The current study sought to investig...Knowledge of the plasticity of language pathways neurosurgeons to achieve maximum resection wh n patients with low-grade glioma is important for e preserving neurological function. The current study sought to investigate changes in the ventral language pathways in patients with low-grade glioma located in regions likely to affect the dorsal language pathways. The results revealed no significant difference in fractional anisotropy values in the arcuate fasciculus between groups or between hemispheres. However, fractional anisotropy and lateralization index values in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and lateralization index values in the left inferior fronto-occpital fasciculus were higher in patients than in healthy subjects. These results indicate plasticity of language pathways in patients with low-grade glioma. The ventral language pathways may perform more functions in patients than in healthy subjects. As such, it is important to protect the ventral language pathways intraoperatively.展开更多
Motor imagery is the mental representation of an action without overt movement or muscle activation. However, the effects of motor imagery on stroke-induced hand dysfunction and brain neural networks are still unknown...Motor imagery is the mental representation of an action without overt movement or muscle activation. However, the effects of motor imagery on stroke-induced hand dysfunction and brain neural networks are still unknown. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in the China Rehabilitation Research Center. Twenty stroke patients, including 13 males and 7 females, 32–51 years old, were recruited and randomly assigned to the traditional rehabilitation treatment group（PP group, n = 10） or the motor imagery training combined with traditional rehabilitation treatment group（MP group, n = 10）. All patients received rehabilitation training once a day, 45 minutes per session, five times per week, for 4 consecutive weeks. In the MP group, motor imagery training was performed for 45 minutes after traditional rehabilitation training, daily. Action Research Arm Test and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the upper extremity were used to evaluate hand functions before and after treatment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to analyze motor evoked potentials in the affected extremity. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to assess changes in brain neural networks. Compared with the PP group, the MP group showed better recovery of hand function, higher amplitude of the motor evoked potential in the abductor pollicis brevis, greater fractional anisotropy of the right dorsal pathway, and an increase in the fractional anisotropy of the bilateral dorsal pathway. Our findings indicate that 4 weeks of motor imagery training combined with traditional rehabilitation treatment improves hand function in stroke patients by enhancing the dorsal pathway. This trial has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry（registration number： Chi CTR-OCH-12002238）.展开更多
Chronic experiments with rabbits have shown that electrical destruction of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways leads to complete and persisted blockade of hippocampal theta rhythm in contrast to ventral one. In intact anima...Chronic experiments with rabbits have shown that electrical destruction of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways leads to complete and persisted blockade of hippocampal theta rhythm in contrast to ventral one. In intact animals, electro- and chemostimulation of amygdala nuclei, hypothalamus, reticular formation and medial septum nucleus lead to the formation of well pronounced theta rhythm in hippocampus, but after destruction of the amygdalofugal pathway any theta-rhythm in this structure is not observed. Restoration of hippocampal EEG took place under intrahippocampal application of carbocholine and strychnine. It is proposed that one of the necessary conditions for the regulation of excitability of hippocampal neurons is the integrity of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways by means of which regulatory influence of amygdale on the hippotalamic neurosecretory cells is realized.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31040039the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, No. 7102145the Military Clinical High-Tech Foundation, No. 2010gxjso94
文摘Knowledge of the plasticity of language pathways neurosurgeons to achieve maximum resection wh n patients with low-grade glioma is important for e preserving neurological function. The current study sought to investigate changes in the ventral language pathways in patients with low-grade glioma located in regions likely to affect the dorsal language pathways. The results revealed no significant difference in fractional anisotropy values in the arcuate fasciculus between groups or between hemispheres. However, fractional anisotropy and lateralization index values in the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus and lateralization index values in the left inferior fronto-occpital fasciculus were higher in patients than in healthy subjects. These results indicate plasticity of language pathways in patients with low-grade glioma. The ventral language pathways may perform more functions in patients than in healthy subjects. As such, it is important to protect the ventral language pathways intraoperatively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U1613228a grant from the Sub-Project under National “Twelfth Five-Year” Plan for Science & Technology Support Project in China,No.2011BAI08B11+1 种基金a grant from the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission in China,No.Z161100002616018the Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business of Central Public Scientific Research Institutes in China,No.2014CZ-5,2015CZ-30
文摘Motor imagery is the mental representation of an action without overt movement or muscle activation. However, the effects of motor imagery on stroke-induced hand dysfunction and brain neural networks are still unknown. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in the China Rehabilitation Research Center. Twenty stroke patients, including 13 males and 7 females, 32–51 years old, were recruited and randomly assigned to the traditional rehabilitation treatment group（PP group, n = 10） or the motor imagery training combined with traditional rehabilitation treatment group（MP group, n = 10）. All patients received rehabilitation training once a day, 45 minutes per session, five times per week, for 4 consecutive weeks. In the MP group, motor imagery training was performed for 45 minutes after traditional rehabilitation training, daily. Action Research Arm Test and the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the upper extremity were used to evaluate hand functions before and after treatment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to analyze motor evoked potentials in the affected extremity. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to assess changes in brain neural networks. Compared with the PP group, the MP group showed better recovery of hand function, higher amplitude of the motor evoked potential in the abductor pollicis brevis, greater fractional anisotropy of the right dorsal pathway, and an increase in the fractional anisotropy of the bilateral dorsal pathway. Our findings indicate that 4 weeks of motor imagery training combined with traditional rehabilitation treatment improves hand function in stroke patients by enhancing the dorsal pathway. This trial has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry（registration number： Chi CTR-OCH-12002238）.
文摘Chronic experiments with rabbits have shown that electrical destruction of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways leads to complete and persisted blockade of hippocampal theta rhythm in contrast to ventral one. In intact animals, electro- and chemostimulation of amygdala nuclei, hypothalamus, reticular formation and medial septum nucleus lead to the formation of well pronounced theta rhythm in hippocampus, but after destruction of the amygdalofugal pathway any theta-rhythm in this structure is not observed. Restoration of hippocampal EEG took place under intrahippocampal application of carbocholine and strychnine. It is proposed that one of the necessary conditions for the regulation of excitability of hippocampal neurons is the integrity of dorsal amygdalofugal pathways by means of which regulatory influence of amygdale on the hippotalamic neurosecretory cells is realized.
