1.The Urology Workforce Shortage Problem The United States(US)is facing a dramatic shortage of urologists,negatively impacting access to specialized care and exacerbating healthcare inequalities,particularly in rural ...1.The Urology Workforce Shortage Problem The United States(US)is facing a dramatic shortage of urologists,negatively impacting access to specialized care and exacerbating healthcare inequalities,particularly in rural areas.Advocating for this problem is essential for understanding its causes and providing potential solutions for planning and implementing effective inter-ventions to mitigate its impact.Despite its significance,this issue remains underrecognized in the current discourse,suggesting a critical gap in advocacy efforts to prevent its consequences.The urologist shortage discussion is often framed as a concern for the future;however,the reality is that this issue is already manifesting today,although it remains frequently overlooked.展开更多
Cet article propose une analyse séparée puis combinée de trois procédures administratives qui servent de référence pour cartographier les communesàrisque inondation en France hexagon...Cet article propose une analyse séparée puis combinée de trois procédures administratives qui servent de référence pour cartographier les communesàrisque inondation en France hexagonale(i.e.,les arrêtés de catastrophes naturelles(CatNat),les Dossiers Départementaux des Risques Majeurs(DDRM)et les Plans de Prévention du Risque Inondation(PPRi)).Deux questions sont posées:quels enseignements peut-on tirer de l’analyse de la couverture spatiale de chacune des procédures,et en les combinant,peut-on voir des effets de seuils ou des jeux d’échelle?Si les arrêtés CatNat sont révélateurs d’une saisonnalitédes inondations et d’une amplification de la sinistralitédepuis 2023,ces arrêtés sont aussi fortement reliésàl’existence d’un PPRI ou d’un DDRM.Pour autant,certaines communes sont dotées d’un PPRI ou visées par un DDRM alors qu’elles n’ont jamaisétéreconnues enétat de catastrophe naturelle.L’enjeu pour nos futures recherches est donc de fixer des seuils pour aboutiràune carte de synthèse,prenant en compte les spécificités locales du risque et de réduire les incertitudes inhérentesàchacune des procédures..展开更多
Implementation of land management policies influences land use and hence causes environmental change.Taking the Ordos rangelands in China as a case study,this paper explores the potential of remote sensing to assess i...Implementation of land management policies influences land use and hence causes environmental change.Taking the Ordos rangelands in China as a case study,this paper explores the potential of remote sensing to assess in dryland areas the impacts of policies on the environment.Thirteen Landsat images of the period 19782010 were acquired and those corresponding to the starting dates of implementation of different policies were selected for land-cover change analysis;others were used to check the detected change and track the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)trajectory matched with time series of meteorological data for calibration of natural response of rangelands to rainfall.The results indicate that policy impacts are complex and include both positive and negative aspects depending on the locality in space.On one hand,policies have aroused the enthusiasm of people in agricultural production and sandcontrol leading to the recovery of about 2618 km2 of desertified rangeland and sandy land,and economic growth,on the other hand,provoked vegetation degradation with an accumulated area of 2439 km2 when policies cannot reconcile the conflict between environmental protection and the interest of rural people.However,degradation is not absolute and can be mitigated by the implementation of rational policies.展开更多
文摘1.The Urology Workforce Shortage Problem The United States(US)is facing a dramatic shortage of urologists,negatively impacting access to specialized care and exacerbating healthcare inequalities,particularly in rural areas.Advocating for this problem is essential for understanding its causes and providing potential solutions for planning and implementing effective inter-ventions to mitigate its impact.Despite its significance,this issue remains underrecognized in the current discourse,suggesting a critical gap in advocacy efforts to prevent its consequences.The urologist shortage discussion is often framed as a concern for the future;however,the reality is that this issue is already manifesting today,although it remains frequently overlooked.
文摘Cet article propose une analyse séparée puis combinée de trois procédures administratives qui servent de référence pour cartographier les communesàrisque inondation en France hexagonale(i.e.,les arrêtés de catastrophes naturelles(CatNat),les Dossiers Départementaux des Risques Majeurs(DDRM)et les Plans de Prévention du Risque Inondation(PPRi)).Deux questions sont posées:quels enseignements peut-on tirer de l’analyse de la couverture spatiale de chacune des procédures,et en les combinant,peut-on voir des effets de seuils ou des jeux d’échelle?Si les arrêtés CatNat sont révélateurs d’une saisonnalitédes inondations et d’une amplification de la sinistralitédepuis 2023,ces arrêtés sont aussi fortement reliésàl’existence d’un PPRI ou d’un DDRM.Pour autant,certaines communes sont dotées d’un PPRI ou visées par un DDRM alors qu’elles n’ont jamaisétéreconnues enétat de catastrophe naturelle.L’enjeu pour nos futures recherches est donc de fixer des seuils pour aboutiràune carte de synthèse,prenant en compte les spécificités locales du risque et de réduire les incertitudes inhérentesàchacune des procédures..
文摘Implementation of land management policies influences land use and hence causes environmental change.Taking the Ordos rangelands in China as a case study,this paper explores the potential of remote sensing to assess in dryland areas the impacts of policies on the environment.Thirteen Landsat images of the period 19782010 were acquired and those corresponding to the starting dates of implementation of different policies were selected for land-cover change analysis;others were used to check the detected change and track the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)trajectory matched with time series of meteorological data for calibration of natural response of rangelands to rainfall.The results indicate that policy impacts are complex and include both positive and negative aspects depending on the locality in space.On one hand,policies have aroused the enthusiasm of people in agricultural production and sandcontrol leading to the recovery of about 2618 km2 of desertified rangeland and sandy land,and economic growth,on the other hand,provoked vegetation degradation with an accumulated area of 2439 km2 when policies cannot reconcile the conflict between environmental protection and the interest of rural people.However,degradation is not absolute and can be mitigated by the implementation of rational policies.
