The sustainability of ecosystem restoration of refuse dumps in open-pit coal mines depends on plant species selection, their configuration, and the optimal usage of water resources. This study is based on field experi...The sustainability of ecosystem restoration of refuse dumps in open-pit coal mines depends on plant species selection, their configuration, and the optimal usage of water resources. This study is based on field experiments in the northern refuse dump of the Heidaigou open-pit coal mine in Inner Mongolia of China established in 1995. Eight plant configurations, including trees, shrubs, grasses, and their combinations, as well as the adjacent community of natural vegetation, were selected. The succession of the revegetated plants, soil water storage, the spatiotemporal distribution of plant water deficits degree and its compensation degree were also studied. Results indicated that the vegetation cover (shrubs and herbaceous cover), richness, abundance, soil nutrients (soil organic matter, N and P), and biological soil crust coverage on the soil surface are significantly influenced by the vegetation configurations. The average soil water storage values in the shrub + grass and grass communities throughout the growing season are 208.69 mm and 206.55 mm, which are the closest to that of in the natural vegetation community (215.87 mm). Plant water deficits degree in the grass and shrub + grass communities were the lowest, but the degrees of water deficit compensation in these configuration were larger than those of the other vegetation configurations. Differences in plant water deficit degree and water compensation among the different config- urations were significant (P 〈0.05). Plant water deficit degrees were predominantly minimal on the surface, increased with increasing soil depth, and remained stable at 80 cm soil depth. The soil moisture compensation in the natural vegetation, shrub + grass, and grass communities changed at 10%, while that in other vegetation communities changed between 20% and 40%. Overall, we conclude that the shrub + grass and grass configuration modes are the optimal vegetation restoration models in terms of ecohydrology for future ecological engineering projects.展开更多
Proper vegetation configurations have been demonstrated to enhance pedestrian thermal comfort and reduce exposure to pollutants in street canyons.However,few studies of canyon environments focus on sidewalks and non-m...Proper vegetation configurations have been demonstrated to enhance pedestrian thermal comfort and reduce exposure to pollutants in street canyons.However,few studies of canyon environments focus on sidewalks and non-motorized vehicle lanes and lack evaluation methods that integrate thermal comfort and pollutant exposure.Therefore,this study investigated the effects of different vegetation configurations on street canyon air temperature(Ta)and PM2.5 concentration(Cpm2.5)distributions under different aspect ratios(AR,H/W=0.5,1.0,1.5)by coupling turbulence and radiation processes.Subsequently,mean Ta and Cpm2.5 were calculated for sidewalks and non-motorized vehicle lanes,and the universal thermal climate index(UTCI)and personal intake fraction(P_IF)were calculated based on these data.Finally,UTCI and P_IF were subjected to cluster analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)evaluation to derive the street canyon comprehensive environmental score(CES).The results of the study showed that in narrow street canyons in winter,the effect of vegetation configuration on thermal comfort was limited,whereas in wide street canyons,the shading effect of deciduous trees could not be ignored.In the absence of shrubs,pedestrians were exposed to a 10%–20%increase in pollutant risk.Therefore,the“deciduous trees+evergreen shrubs”strategy can offer an effective pathway toward concurrently enhancing pedestrian thermal comfort and mitigating pollutant exposure within the specific context of winter street canyons in cold regions.展开更多
基金supported by the CAS Action-plan for Western Development(KZCX2-XB3-13-03)Chinese National Natural Scientific Foundation(4120108431170385)
文摘The sustainability of ecosystem restoration of refuse dumps in open-pit coal mines depends on plant species selection, their configuration, and the optimal usage of water resources. This study is based on field experiments in the northern refuse dump of the Heidaigou open-pit coal mine in Inner Mongolia of China established in 1995. Eight plant configurations, including trees, shrubs, grasses, and their combinations, as well as the adjacent community of natural vegetation, were selected. The succession of the revegetated plants, soil water storage, the spatiotemporal distribution of plant water deficits degree and its compensation degree were also studied. Results indicated that the vegetation cover (shrubs and herbaceous cover), richness, abundance, soil nutrients (soil organic matter, N and P), and biological soil crust coverage on the soil surface are significantly influenced by the vegetation configurations. The average soil water storage values in the shrub + grass and grass communities throughout the growing season are 208.69 mm and 206.55 mm, which are the closest to that of in the natural vegetation community (215.87 mm). Plant water deficits degree in the grass and shrub + grass communities were the lowest, but the degrees of water deficit compensation in these configuration were larger than those of the other vegetation configurations. Differences in plant water deficit degree and water compensation among the different config- urations were significant (P 〈0.05). Plant water deficit degrees were predominantly minimal on the surface, increased with increasing soil depth, and remained stable at 80 cm soil depth. The soil moisture compensation in the natural vegetation, shrub + grass, and grass communities changed at 10%, while that in other vegetation communities changed between 20% and 40%. Overall, we conclude that the shrub + grass and grass configuration modes are the optimal vegetation restoration models in terms of ecohydrology for future ecological engineering projects.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021ME199,ZR2021ME237)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0106800)supported by the Plan of Introduction and Cultivation for Young Innovative Talents in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province(Lu Jiao Ke Han[2021]No.51).
文摘Proper vegetation configurations have been demonstrated to enhance pedestrian thermal comfort and reduce exposure to pollutants in street canyons.However,few studies of canyon environments focus on sidewalks and non-motorized vehicle lanes and lack evaluation methods that integrate thermal comfort and pollutant exposure.Therefore,this study investigated the effects of different vegetation configurations on street canyon air temperature(Ta)and PM2.5 concentration(Cpm2.5)distributions under different aspect ratios(AR,H/W=0.5,1.0,1.5)by coupling turbulence and radiation processes.Subsequently,mean Ta and Cpm2.5 were calculated for sidewalks and non-motorized vehicle lanes,and the universal thermal climate index(UTCI)and personal intake fraction(P_IF)were calculated based on these data.Finally,UTCI and P_IF were subjected to cluster analysis and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)evaluation to derive the street canyon comprehensive environmental score(CES).The results of the study showed that in narrow street canyons in winter,the effect of vegetation configuration on thermal comfort was limited,whereas in wide street canyons,the shading effect of deciduous trees could not be ignored.In the absence of shrubs,pedestrians were exposed to a 10%–20%increase in pollutant risk.Therefore,the“deciduous trees+evergreen shrubs”strategy can offer an effective pathway toward concurrently enhancing pedestrian thermal comfort and mitigating pollutant exposure within the specific context of winter street canyons in cold regions.
