To determine the effects of preharvest arginine spraying on the nutritional level of broccoli and the mechanism of action of arginine in improving the storage quality of broccoli,arginine spraying(5 mmol/L)was conduct...To determine the effects of preharvest arginine spraying on the nutritional level of broccoli and the mechanism of action of arginine in improving the storage quality of broccoli,arginine spraying(5 mmol/L)was conducted at 0,1,3,and 5 days before harvest.The appearance,respiration rate,mass-loss rate,electrolyte leakage,glucosinolate,ascorbic acid,total phenol,total flavonoid,total sugar and sucrose contents,and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),invertase(INV),sucrose synthase synthesis(SSS)and cleavage(SSC)activities of broccoli samples were observed after 0,2,4,6,8,and 10 days of storage.The results showed that spraying arginine at 5 days preharvest(5-ARG)helped to inhibit broccoli respiration during storage,delay electrolyte leakage,and maintain broccoli color.Furthermore,during the growth stage,total sugar accumulation was higher in the 5-ARG group.In addition,during the storage period,sucrose synthesis was accelerated,while sucrose cleavage was inhibited,resulting in more sucrose retention in postharvest broccoli.In conclusion,5-ARG resulted in the accumulation of more nutrients during the growth process and effectively delayed the quality decline during storage,thereby prolonging the shelf life of broccoli.Therefore,this study provides a theoretical basis for improving postharvest storage characteristics of broccoli through preharvest treatments.展开更多
To study the influence of silicon(Si)on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),NC/CL-20 composite explosives and Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosives were prepared by the electrostatic spraying ...To study the influence of silicon(Si)on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),NC/CL-20 composite explosives and Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosives were prepared by the electrostatic spraying method.The morphology,structure and thermal decomposition properties of the samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray energy spectroscopy(EDS),infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and simultaneous thermal analyzer(TG-DSC).Additionally,the combustion process of the samples was tested using a high-speed camera.The results show that the addition of nano-Si contributes to the formation of composite explosives with regular morphology and smaller particle size.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has better and more uniform sphericity,with an average particle size of 73.4 nm,compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive which produced by the electrostatic spraying method,achieves physically uniform distribution of the components including NC,CL-20,Si.The addition of Si promotes the thermal decomposition of CL-20.In comparison to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,the activation energy of the Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive decreases by 16.78 kJ/mol,and the self-accelerated decomposition temperature and the critical temperature of thermal explosion decreases by 3.12 K and 2.61 K,respectively.Furthermore,Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has shorter ignition delay time and faster combustion rate compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,which shows that Si can improve the combustion performance of CL-20.展开更多
The spraying robot for building exterior walls is an innovative technology in the field of modern construction.This paper discusses its design structure,application cases,technical benefits,and industrial impacts.Rese...The spraying robot for building exterior walls is an innovative technology in the field of modern construction.This paper discusses its design structure,application cases,technical benefits,and industrial impacts.Research shows that this type of robot improves the efficiency and quality of exterior wall construction.Its intelligent design enhances operation accuracy and safety,reduces costs and risks,and strengthens application ability in complex environments,showing broad application prospects and symbolizing the development trend of intelligence and automation in the industry.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen its intelligence and adaptive ability further,explore multi-function design,promote automation technology,and ensure construction safety and economic benefits.展开更多
AlCoCrFeNi and AlCoCrFeNiSi high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings have been prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying,and the microstructure,mechanical properties as well as wear behaviors of the two HEA coatings were ...AlCoCrFeNi and AlCoCrFeNiSi high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings have been prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying,and the microstructure,mechanical properties as well as wear behaviors of the two HEA coatings were studied.With Si element addition,the surface and cross-sectional microstructure of HEA coating are refined,and it was found that both HEA coatings have a body-centered cubic structure,and the X-ray diffraction peaks of AlCoCrFeNiSi HEA coating deviate to the right.The microhardness,bonding strength nanohardness and elastic modulus of AlCoCrFeNi HEA coating increased with addition of Si element due to the fact that Si promotes uniformly distribution of other elements.In terms of wear properties,coefficient of friction and the wear rate were reduced with Si element addition,and the two HEA coatings have similar wear mechanism at the same loads.And at lower loads,the wear mechanism is abrasive wear,adhesive and slight oxidative wear,it is turn to oxidative wear and severe abrasive wear while the load is increased.The AlCoCrFeNiSi HEA coating has a higher corrosion potential and a lower corrosion current density,indicating improved corrosion resistance.This enhancement is attributed to the presence of Si,which reduces interatomic spacing and results in a more compact atomic arrangement.Consequently,element migration and chemical reactions are reduced,leading to the formation of a denser and more uniform passivation film.展开更多
Sampling studies in North Dakota conducted from 1994 to 2003 showed that variable-rate N application could be practically directed with zone soil sampling. Results from variable-rate N studies using zone soil sampling...Sampling studies in North Dakota conducted from 1994 to 2003 showed that variable-rate N application could be practically directed with zone soil sampling. Results from variable-rate N studies using zone soil sampling were often less than rewarding due in part to the use of a whole-field predicted yield-based formula for developing the N recommendation in each zone. Nitrogen rate studies on spring wheat and durum were established in 2005 through 2009 with the objective to reexamine N recommendations and construct a new system if necessary. The results of the study and archived wheat N response data showed that the state should be divided into three separate N response regions. Within each region historic yields from low to high productivity were defined. The gross N rate was determined using the return-to-N concept developed in the US corn-belt states but with additional consideration for wheat protein value The gross N rate is then modified by credits for previous crop, soil test N from zone soil sampling, tillage systems, excessive straw from the previous year, relative susceptibility to nitrate leaching or denitrification. Finally, the user is encouraged to use common sense and consider whether particular fields have characteristics that require more or less N fertilizer than suggested by the recommendation formulas.展开更多
To adjust the variance of source rate in linear broadcast networks, global encoding kernels should have corresponding dimensions to instruct the decoding process. The algorithm of constructing such global encoding ker...To adjust the variance of source rate in linear broadcast networks, global encoding kernels should have corresponding dimensions to instruct the decoding process. The algorithm of constructing such global encoding kernels is to adjust heterogeneous network to possible link failures. Linear algebra, graph theory and group theory are applied to construct one series of global encoding kernels which are applicable to all source rates. The effectiveness and existence of such global encoding kernels are proved. Based on 2 information flow, the algorithm of construction is explicitly given within polynomial time O（｜E｜ ｜T｜.ω^2max）, and the memory complexity of algorithm is O（｜E｜）. Both time and memory complexity of this algorithm proposed can be O（ωmax） less than those of algorithms in related works.展开更多
Fong et al.analyzed variable-rate linear network coding for linear broadcast.However,the authors didn't investigate it for the other three types of linear network codes.In this paper,by simple and clear proofs,it ...Fong et al.analyzed variable-rate linear network coding for linear broadcast.However,the authors didn't investigate it for the other three types of linear network codes.In this paper,by simple and clear proofs,it is found that there are similar results for variable-rate linear generic and linear dispersion if the field size is large enough.It means that linear generics and linear dispersions of different dimensions can be implemented on the same network,while each non-source node is required to store only one copy of the local encoding kernel within a session.Moreover,an example is given to show that there isn't a similar result for linear multicast.展开更多
In order to increase the applying rate of liquid fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution, a slave computer control system for applying variable-rate liquid fertilizer was designed. The system used SMC as core pr...In order to increase the applying rate of liquid fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution, a slave computer control system for applying variable-rate liquid fertilizer was designed. The system used SMC as core processor and electrically controlled pressure regulator as execution component. The characteristic equation of the system was obtained by using classical control theory. Results indicated that the characteristic equation met the requirements of routh-criterion, which indicated the working process of the system was stable. Performance of the slave computer was verified via bench tests. Results demonstrated that there was no significant influence on the response from interclass error. The fertilization error was less than 0.9, and the fertilization accuracy was larger than 97%. The liquid fertilizer emitted by the fertilizing devices had no significant difference in uniformity, which met the demands of the slave computer control system for applying variable-rate liquid fertilizer.展开更多
By extending the notion of the minimum distance for linear network error correction code(LNEC), this paper introduces the concept of generalized minimum rank distance(GMRD) of variable-rate linear network error correc...By extending the notion of the minimum distance for linear network error correction code(LNEC), this paper introduces the concept of generalized minimum rank distance(GMRD) of variable-rate linear network error correction codes. The basic properties of GMRD are investigated. It is proved that GMRD can characterize the error correction/detection capability of variable-rate linear network error correction codes when the source transmits the messages at several different rates.展开更多
Honghuagang District,Zunyi City,Guizhou Province,develops the characteristic industry of crispy peaches,and at the same time develops the forest economy and promotes the model of planting soybeans in peach orchards to...Honghuagang District,Zunyi City,Guizhou Province,develops the characteristic industry of crispy peaches,and at the same time develops the forest economy and promotes the model of planting soybeans in peach orchards to promote rural revitalization.However,due to the different pests and diseases occurring in peach trees and soybeans,the control drugs used are also different,and the existing technology for spraying and controlling peach or soybean seedlings is operated separately and cannot be sprayed together at the same time.This study,based on the actual situation of forest land,develops a spraying device for interplantation in forest(peach tree and soybean)from the aspects of technical solutions,working principles and beneficial effects,in order to solve the problem of low spraying efficiency of spraying control of peach tree or soybean seedlings in the existing technology.展开更多
文摘To determine the effects of preharvest arginine spraying on the nutritional level of broccoli and the mechanism of action of arginine in improving the storage quality of broccoli,arginine spraying(5 mmol/L)was conducted at 0,1,3,and 5 days before harvest.The appearance,respiration rate,mass-loss rate,electrolyte leakage,glucosinolate,ascorbic acid,total phenol,total flavonoid,total sugar and sucrose contents,and sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),invertase(INV),sucrose synthase synthesis(SSS)and cleavage(SSC)activities of broccoli samples were observed after 0,2,4,6,8,and 10 days of storage.The results showed that spraying arginine at 5 days preharvest(5-ARG)helped to inhibit broccoli respiration during storage,delay electrolyte leakage,and maintain broccoli color.Furthermore,during the growth stage,total sugar accumulation was higher in the 5-ARG group.In addition,during the storage period,sucrose synthesis was accelerated,while sucrose cleavage was inhibited,resulting in more sucrose retention in postharvest broccoli.In conclusion,5-ARG resulted in the accumulation of more nutrients during the growth process and effectively delayed the quality decline during storage,thereby prolonging the shelf life of broccoli.Therefore,this study provides a theoretical basis for improving postharvest storage characteristics of broccoli through preharvest treatments.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275150)。
文摘To study the influence of silicon(Si)on 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20),NC/CL-20 composite explosives and Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosives were prepared by the electrostatic spraying method.The morphology,structure and thermal decomposition properties of the samples were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray energy spectroscopy(EDS),infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),and simultaneous thermal analyzer(TG-DSC).Additionally,the combustion process of the samples was tested using a high-speed camera.The results show that the addition of nano-Si contributes to the formation of composite explosives with regular morphology and smaller particle size.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has better and more uniform sphericity,with an average particle size of 73.4 nm,compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive.The Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive which produced by the electrostatic spraying method,achieves physically uniform distribution of the components including NC,CL-20,Si.The addition of Si promotes the thermal decomposition of CL-20.In comparison to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,the activation energy of the Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive decreases by 16.78 kJ/mol,and the self-accelerated decomposition temperature and the critical temperature of thermal explosion decreases by 3.12 K and 2.61 K,respectively.Furthermore,Si/NC/CL-20 composite explosive has shorter ignition delay time and faster combustion rate compared to the NC/CL-20 composite explosive,which shows that Si can improve the combustion performance of CL-20.
基金Design and Research of Intelligent Construction Device for the“Water-in-Sand”Process of High-Rise Building Exterior Wall(Project No.2022KQNCX189)。
文摘The spraying robot for building exterior walls is an innovative technology in the field of modern construction.This paper discusses its design structure,application cases,technical benefits,and industrial impacts.Research shows that this type of robot improves the efficiency and quality of exterior wall construction.Its intelligent design enhances operation accuracy and safety,reduces costs and risks,and strengthens application ability in complex environments,showing broad application prospects and symbolizing the development trend of intelligence and automation in the industry.In the future,it is necessary to strengthen its intelligence and adaptive ability further,explore multi-function design,promote automation technology,and ensure construction safety and economic benefits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52175196 and 52275218)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB3706600).
文摘AlCoCrFeNi and AlCoCrFeNiSi high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings have been prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel spraying,and the microstructure,mechanical properties as well as wear behaviors of the two HEA coatings were studied.With Si element addition,the surface and cross-sectional microstructure of HEA coating are refined,and it was found that both HEA coatings have a body-centered cubic structure,and the X-ray diffraction peaks of AlCoCrFeNiSi HEA coating deviate to the right.The microhardness,bonding strength nanohardness and elastic modulus of AlCoCrFeNi HEA coating increased with addition of Si element due to the fact that Si promotes uniformly distribution of other elements.In terms of wear properties,coefficient of friction and the wear rate were reduced with Si element addition,and the two HEA coatings have similar wear mechanism at the same loads.And at lower loads,the wear mechanism is abrasive wear,adhesive and slight oxidative wear,it is turn to oxidative wear and severe abrasive wear while the load is increased.The AlCoCrFeNiSi HEA coating has a higher corrosion potential and a lower corrosion current density,indicating improved corrosion resistance.This enhancement is attributed to the presence of Si,which reduces interatomic spacing and results in a more compact atomic arrangement.Consequently,element migration and chemical reactions are reduced,leading to the formation of a denser and more uniform passivation film.
文摘Sampling studies in North Dakota conducted from 1994 to 2003 showed that variable-rate N application could be practically directed with zone soil sampling. Results from variable-rate N studies using zone soil sampling were often less than rewarding due in part to the use of a whole-field predicted yield-based formula for developing the N recommendation in each zone. Nitrogen rate studies on spring wheat and durum were established in 2005 through 2009 with the objective to reexamine N recommendations and construct a new system if necessary. The results of the study and archived wheat N response data showed that the state should be divided into three separate N response regions. Within each region historic yields from low to high productivity were defined. The gross N rate was determined using the return-to-N concept developed in the US corn-belt states but with additional consideration for wheat protein value The gross N rate is then modified by credits for previous crop, soil test N from zone soil sampling, tillage systems, excessive straw from the previous year, relative susceptibility to nitrate leaching or denitrification. Finally, the user is encouraged to use common sense and consider whether particular fields have characteristics that require more or less N fertilizer than suggested by the recommendation formulas.
基金Project(60872005) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘To adjust the variance of source rate in linear broadcast networks, global encoding kernels should have corresponding dimensions to instruct the decoding process. The algorithm of constructing such global encoding kernels is to adjust heterogeneous network to possible link failures. Linear algebra, graph theory and group theory are applied to construct one series of global encoding kernels which are applicable to all source rates. The effectiveness and existence of such global encoding kernels are proved. Based on 2 information flow, the algorithm of construction is explicitly given within polynomial time O（｜E｜ ｜T｜.ω^2max）, and the memory complexity of algorithm is O（｜E｜）. Both time and memory complexity of this algorithm proposed can be O（ωmax） less than those of algorithms in related works.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong Joint Research Scheme(Grant No.60731160626)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60821001and61003287)+1 种基金the 111 Project(Grant No.B08004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.BUPT2009RC0220)
文摘Fong et al.analyzed variable-rate linear network coding for linear broadcast.However,the authors didn't investigate it for the other three types of linear network codes.In this paper,by simple and clear proofs,it is found that there are similar results for variable-rate linear generic and linear dispersion if the field size is large enough.It means that linear generics and linear dispersions of different dimensions can be implemented on the same network,while each non-source node is required to store only one copy of the local encoding kernel within a session.Moreover,an example is given to show that there isn't a similar result for linear multicast.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of the 12th Five-year Plan(2011BAD20B03-01)
文摘In order to increase the applying rate of liquid fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution, a slave computer control system for applying variable-rate liquid fertilizer was designed. The system used SMC as core processor and electrically controlled pressure regulator as execution component. The characteristic equation of the system was obtained by using classical control theory. Results indicated that the characteristic equation met the requirements of routh-criterion, which indicated the working process of the system was stable. Performance of the slave computer was verified via bench tests. Results demonstrated that there was no significant influence on the response from interclass error. The fertilization error was less than 0.9, and the fertilization accuracy was larger than 97%. The liquid fertilizer emitted by the fertilizing devices had no significant difference in uniformity, which met the demands of the slave computer control system for applying variable-rate liquid fertilizer.
文摘By extending the notion of the minimum distance for linear network error correction code(LNEC), this paper introduces the concept of generalized minimum rank distance(GMRD) of variable-rate linear network error correction codes. The basic properties of GMRD are investigated. It is proved that GMRD can characterize the error correction/detection capability of variable-rate linear network error correction codes when the source transmits the messages at several different rates.
基金Supported by Zunyi City Municipal and University Joint Science and Technology R&D Funding Project(HZ2023159)Zunyi Science and Technology Support Program Project(NS2023015)+2 种基金Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Commissioner Innovation and Entrepreneurship Service Training Demonstration Base(HHG2023001)Guizhou Provincial Department of Education Natural Science Research Project(Qianjiaotongqi[2022]No.067)Natural Science Research Program of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(Guizhou Education and Technology[2023]043).
文摘Honghuagang District,Zunyi City,Guizhou Province,develops the characteristic industry of crispy peaches,and at the same time develops the forest economy and promotes the model of planting soybeans in peach orchards to promote rural revitalization.However,due to the different pests and diseases occurring in peach trees and soybeans,the control drugs used are also different,and the existing technology for spraying and controlling peach or soybean seedlings is operated separately and cannot be sprayed together at the same time.This study,based on the actual situation of forest land,develops a spraying device for interplantation in forest(peach tree and soybean)from the aspects of technical solutions,working principles and beneficial effects,in order to solve the problem of low spraying efficiency of spraying control of peach tree or soybean seedlings in the existing technology.
