Model predictive control(MPC)has been deemed as an attractive control method in motor drives by virtue of its simple structure,convenient multi-objective optimization,and satisfactory dynamic performance.However,the s...Model predictive control(MPC)has been deemed as an attractive control method in motor drives by virtue of its simple structure,convenient multi-objective optimization,and satisfactory dynamic performance.However,the strong reliance on mathematical models seriously restrains its practical application.Therefore,improving the robustness of MPC has attained significant attentions in the last two decades,followed by which,model-free predictive control(MFPC)comes into existence.This article aims to reveal the current state of MFPC strategies for motor drives and give the categorization from the perspective of implementation.Based on this review,the principles of the reported MFPC strategies are introduced in detail,as well as the challenges encountered in technology realization.In addition,some of typical and important concepts are experimentally validated via case studies to evaluate the performance and highlight their features.Finally,the future trends of MFPC are discussed based on the current state and reported developments.展开更多
in this paper, an electromechanically coupled mathematic model of multi-roller driving system for belt conveyor is set up, and the computing equations for dynamic displacement and dynamic tension of the conveyor are a...in this paper, an electromechanically coupled mathematic model of multi-roller driving system for belt conveyor is set up, and the computing equations for dynamic displacement and dynamic tension of the conveyor are also formulated when the hoister is used for straining. Based on the belt conveyor of main inclined shaft in Chengzhuang coal mine, the driving torque, driving power and starting-speed characteristic of each electric motor are studied and measured when multi-roller variable-frequency drive (power distribution 2∶1) is used. The optimal control and the optimal starting-acceleration of the multi-roller variable-frequency drive are determined by a large number of industrial experiments and theoretical calculations.展开更多
Sine-wave drive and square-wave drive are two common motor control strategies.This study constructs a mathematical model capable of predicting the distribution of electromagnetic force waves in synchronous reluctance ...Sine-wave drive and square-wave drive are two common motor control strategies.This study constructs a mathematical model capable of predicting the distribution of electromagnetic force waves in synchronous reluctance motors(SynRMs)under these two drive methods,and comparatively analyzes the vibration phenomena induced by electromagnetic forces under different drive methods.It aims to provide an effective tool for predicting the distribution of electromagnetic force waves in SynRMs,while exploring the influence of drive modes on their vibration characteristics.The study focuses on a 4-pole,36-slot 5.5 kW SynRM.Based on the magnetomotive force(MMF)-permeance method,incorporating the special rotor structure and the characteristics of current harmonics under square-wave drive,an air-gap flux distribution function is established.Meanwhile,Maxwell’s stress tensor method is adopted to analyze how the air-gap flux density relates to electromagnetic excitation force waves.Subsequently,this analysis is applied to forecast the spatiotemporal distribution features of radial electromagnetic force waves.Finite element simulations are conducted to compute the modal and vibration responses of the SynRM,followed by a comparative analysis of the vibration characteristics under the two drive methods.Additionally,a 6-pole,36-slot SynRM is used for additional comparative verification.Ultimately,the effectiveness of the simulation results is verified through experiments.展开更多
This paper focuses on the high-voltage safety of drive motor systems in new energy vehicles and conducts standardized research on functional safety design in the concept phase. In view of the lack of high-voltage haza...This paper focuses on the high-voltage safety of drive motor systems in new energy vehicles and conducts standardized research on functional safety design in the concept phase. In view of the lack of high-voltage hazard analysis for drive motor systems in existing standards, based on theories such as GB/T 34590 and ISO 26262, the safety levels are deeply analyzed. The HAZOP method is innovatively used, and 16 types of guidewords are combined to comprehensively analyze the system functions, identifying vehicle hazards such as high-voltage electric shock caused by functional abnormalities, including high-voltage interlock function failure and abnormal active discharge. Subsequently, safety goals such as preventing high-voltage electric shock are set, functional safety requirements such as accurately obtaining collision signals and timely discharging high-voltage electricity are formulated, and requirements for external signal sources and other technologies are clearly defined, constructing a complete high-voltage safety protection system. The research results provide important technical support and standardized references for the high-voltage safety functional design of drive motor systems in new energy vehicles, and are of great significance for improving the high-voltage safety level of the new energy vehicle industry, expecting to play a key role in subsequent product development and standard improvement.展开更多
1.Opportunities for electric motor drives in the low-altitude economy The implementation plan for the innovative application of general aviation equipment(2024–2030)outlines that by 2027,new general aviation equipmen...1.Opportunities for electric motor drives in the low-altitude economy The implementation plan for the innovative application of general aviation equipment(2024–2030)outlines that by 2027,new general aviation equipment will achieve commercial applications in urban air transport,logistics distribution and emergency rescue.展开更多
Electric locomotives on the horizon will integrate SiC inverters,promising quicker switching and lower losses than traditional setups.However,in addition to the steep rising edge,the inverter-fed motor drive system fa...Electric locomotives on the horizon will integrate SiC inverters,promising quicker switching and lower losses than traditional setups.However,in addition to the steep rising edge,the inverter-fed motor drive system faces challenges such as high common-mode voltage(CMV)and high motor terminal surge voltage swing rate(dv/dt).To tackle these hurdles,this paper proposes a novel tailored traction control system for three-phase locomotive motors.This innovative strategy utilises nearstate space vector pulse width modulation(NSVPWM),selectively removing space vectors with high CMV to generate modulation signals.Complemented by a slew rate capacitor configuration,the aim is to reduce CMV while effectively suppressing motor-side voltage slew rate.To validate this approach,experimental waveforms from on-site inverter-fed motor drive systems have been analysed to derive high-frequency parameters of long-line cables and variable frequency motors to mimic real locomotive operating conditions better.Through experimental research and comparative simulations against traditional methods,this study reveals a significant 33.3%reduction in CMV compared to traditional systems.Furthermore,it achieves an impressive decrease in the rise/fall slope,down to 86.6%,while ensuring nearly zero electrical power consumption.展开更多
Wide band-gap gallium nitride(GaN)device has the advantages of large band-gap,high electron mobility and low dielectric constant.Compared with traditional Si devices,these advantages make it suitable for fast-switchin...Wide band-gap gallium nitride(GaN)device has the advantages of large band-gap,high electron mobility and low dielectric constant.Compared with traditional Si devices,these advantages make it suitable for fast-switching and high-power-density power electronics converters,thus reducing the overall weight,volume and power consumption of power electronic systems.As a review paper,this paper summarizes the characteristics and development of the state-of-art GaN power devices with different structures,analyzes the research status,and forecasts the application prospect of GaN devices.In addition,the problems and challenges of GaN devices were discussed.And thanks to the advantages of GaN devices,both the power density and efficiency of motor drive system are improved,which also have been presented in this paper.展开更多
This paper presents parametric analysis of driving range of electric vehicles driven by V-type interior permanent magnet motors aiming at maximum driving range,i.e.,minimal total energy consumption of the motors over ...This paper presents parametric analysis of driving range of electric vehicles driven by V-type interior permanent magnet motors aiming at maximum driving range,i.e.,minimal total energy consumption of the motors over a driving cycle.Influence of design parameters including tooth width,slot depth,split ratio(the ratio of inner diameter to outer diameter of the stator),and V-type magnet angle on the energy consumption of the motors and driving range of electric vehicles over a driving cycle is investigated in detail.The investigation is carried out for two typical driving cycles with different characteristics to represent different conditions:One is high-speed,low-torque cycle-Highway Fuel Economy Test and the other is low-speed,high-torque cycle-Artemis Urban Driving Cycle.It shows that for both driving cycles,the same parameters may have different influence on the energy consumption of the motors,as well as driving range of electric vehicles.展开更多
The complex working conditions and nonlinear characteristics of the motor drive control system of industrial robots make it difficult to detect faults.In this paper,a deep learning-based observer,which combines the co...The complex working conditions and nonlinear characteristics of the motor drive control system of industrial robots make it difficult to detect faults.In this paper,a deep learning-based observer,which combines the convolutional neural network(CNN)and the long short-term memory network(LSTM),is employed to approximate the nonlinear driving control system.CNN layers are introduced to extract dynamic features of the data,whereas LSTM layers perform time-sequential prediction of the target system.In terms of application,normal samples are fed into the observer to build an offline prediction model for the target system.The trained CNN-LSTM-based observer is then deployed along with the target system to estimate the system outputs.Online fault detection can be realized by analyzing the residuals.Finally,an application of the proposed fault detection method to a brushless DC motor drive system is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.Simulation results indicate the impressive fault detection capability of the presented method for driving control systems of industrial robots.展开更多
A direct drive actuator （DDA） with direct drive valves （DDVs） as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor （TRVCM） used ...A direct drive actuator （DDA） with direct drive valves （DDVs） as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor （TRVCM） used for redundant DDVs. The TRVCM features electrical/mechanical hybrid triple-redundancy by securing three stators along with three moving coils in the same frame. A permanent magnet （PM） Halbach array is employed in each redundant VCM to simplify the system structure. A back-to-back design between neighborly redundancies is adopted to decouple the magnetic flux linkage. The particle swarm optimization （PSO） method is implemented to optimize design parameters based on the analytical magnetic circuit model. The optimization objective function is defined as the acceleration capacity of the motor to achieve high dynamic performance. The optimal geometric parameters are verified with 3D magnetic field finite element analysis （FEA）. A research prototype has been developed for experimental purpose. The experimental results of magnetic field density and force output show that the proposed TRVCM has great potential of applications in DDA systems.展开更多
Sensorless control of AC motor drives,which takes the advantages of cost saving,higher reliability,and less hardware,has been developed for several decades.Among the existing speed sensorless control methods,nonlinear...Sensorless control of AC motor drives,which takes the advantages of cost saving,higher reliability,and less hardware,has been developed for several decades.Among the existing speed sensorless control methods,nonlinear Kalman filter-based one has attached widespread attention due to its superb estimation accuracy and inherent resistibility to noise.However,the determination of noise covariance matrix and robustness of model uncertainties are still open issues in practice.A great number of studies try to solve these problems in resent years.This paper reviews the application of extended Kalman filter(EKF),unscented Kalman filter(UKF),and cubature Kalman filter(CKF)in speed sensorless control for AC motor drives.As an iterative algorithm,EKF has advantages in processor implementation.However,EKF suffers from the linearization error and model uncertainties when applying to sensorless control system.This paper presents the predominant improvements of EKF which is also applicative in UKF and CKF mostly.展开更多
For electric vehicles (EVs),it is necessary to improve endurance mileage by improving the efficiency.There exists a trend towards increasing the system voltage and switching frequency,contributing to improve charging ...For electric vehicles (EVs),it is necessary to improve endurance mileage by improving the efficiency.There exists a trend towards increasing the system voltage and switching frequency,contributing to improve charging speed and power density.However,this trend poses significant challenges for high-voltage and high-frequency motor controllers,which are plagued by increased switching losses and pronounced switching oscillations as consequences of hard switching.The deployment of soft switching technology presents a viable solution to mitigate these issues.This paper reviews the applications of soft switching technologies for three-phase inverters and classifies them based on distinct characteristics.For each type of inverter,the advantages and disadvantages are evaluated.Then,the paper introduces the research progress and control methods of soft switching inverters (SSIs).Moreover,it presents a comparative analysis among the conventional hard switching inverters (HSIs),an active clamping resonant DC link inverter (ACRDCLI) and an auxiliary resonant commuted pole inverter (ARCPI).Finally,the problems and prospects of soft switching technology applied to motor controllers for EVs are put forward.展开更多
Motor drives form an essential part of the electric compressors,pumps,braking and actuation systems in the More-Electric Aircraft(MEA).In this paper,the application of Machine Learning(ML)in motor-drive design and opt...Motor drives form an essential part of the electric compressors,pumps,braking and actuation systems in the More-Electric Aircraft(MEA).In this paper,the application of Machine Learning(ML)in motor-drive design and optimization process is investigated.The general idea of using ML is to train surrogate models for the optimization.This training process is based on sample data collected from detailed simulation or experiment of motor drives.However,the Surrogate Role(SR)of ML may vary for different applications.This paper first introduces the principles of ML and then proposes two SRs(direct mapping approach and correction approach)of the ML in a motor-drive optimization process.Two different cases are given for the method comparison and validation of ML SRs.The first case is using the sample data from experiments to train the ML surrogate models.For the second case,the joint-simulation data is utilized for a multi-objective motor-drive optimization problem.It is found that both surrogate roles of ML can provide a good mapping model for the cases and in the second case,three feasible design schemes of ML are proposed and validated for the two SRs.Regarding the time consumption in optimizaiton,the proposed ML models can give one motor-drive design point up to 0.044 s while it takes more than 1.5 mins for the used simulation-based models.展开更多
Rotor chopper control is a simple and effective drive method for induction motor. This paper presents a novel IGBT chopper topology,which can both adjust rotor resistance and protect IGBT efficiently. Investigation on...Rotor chopper control is a simple and effective drive method for induction motor. This paper presents a novel IGBT chopper topology,which can both adjust rotor resistance and protect IGBT efficiently. Investigation on the quasi transient state of the rotor rectifying circuit is made, and a nonlinear mapping between the equivalent resistance and the duty cycle is deduced. Furthermore, the method for determining the magnitude of the external resistor is introduced.展开更多
When the induction motor is fed from the PWM VSI inverter, with and without torque enhancing function, the variations of the starting torque and the starting current versus the starting frequency are analyzed, base...When the induction motor is fed from the PWM VSI inverter, with and without torque enhancing function, the variations of the starting torque and the starting current versus the starting frequency are analyzed, based on the steady state equivalent circuit of the induction motor.The corresponding expressions are derived, and the corresponding curves are also drawn, from which the initial starting frequency range can be determined properly and easily. The initial starting frequency range is the common range, in which the starting torque should be high enough and the starting current low enough.Some other useful formulas are also derived.These results are significant for electrical drive designers to make the starting schemes. The effects of the increase of the stator and the rotor resistances on the starting torque and the initial starting frequency range are also discussed, which is caused by the skin effects of the high order harmonics present in the PWM inverter output voltage.展开更多
In the current vehicle electric propulsion systems,the thermal design of power modules heavily relies on empirical knowledge,making it challenging to effectively optimize irregularly arranged Pinfin structures,thereby...In the current vehicle electric propulsion systems,the thermal design of power modules heavily relies on empirical knowledge,making it challenging to effectively optimize irregularly arranged Pinfin structures,thereby limiting their performance.This paper aims to review the underlying mechanisms of how irregularly arranged Pinfins influence the thermal characteristics of power modules and introduce collaborative thermal design with DC bus capacitor and motor.Literature considers chip size,placement,coolant flow direction with the goal of reducing thermal resistance of power modules,minimizing chip junction temperature differentials,and optimizing Pinfin layouts.In the first step,algorithms should efficiently generating numerous unique irregular Pinfin layouts to enhance optimization quality.The second step is to efficiently evaluate Pinfin layouts.Simulation accuracy and speed should be ensured to improve computational efficiency.Finally,to improve overall heat dissipation effectiveness,papers establish models for capacitors,motors,to aid collaborative Pinfin optimization.These research outcomes will provide essential support for future developments in high power density motor drive for vehicles.展开更多
In recent years,the application of sensorless AC motor drives is expanding in areas ranging from industrial applications to household electrical appliances.As is well known,the advantages of sensorless motor drives in...In recent years,the application of sensorless AC motor drives is expanding in areas ranging from industrial applications to household electrical appliances.As is well known,the advantages of sensorless motor drives include lower cost,increased reliability,reduced hardware complexity,better noise immunity,and less maintenance requirements.With the development of modern industrial automation,more advanced sensorless control strategies are needed to meet the requirements of applications.For sensorless motor drives at low-and zero-speed operation,inverter nonlinearities and motor parameter variation have significant impact on the stability of control system.Meanwhile,high observer’s bandwidth is required in high-speed region.This paper introduces the state of art of recent progress in sensorless AC motor drives.In addition,this paper presents the sensorless control strategies we investigated for practical industrial and household applications.Both advanced sensorless drives of induction motor(IM)and permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)are presented in this paper.展开更多
To investigate a novel macro and micro driven linear piezoelectric motor composed of an ultrasonic motor with macro movement and a piezoelectric actuator with micro movement,a digital signal processing(DSP)based macro...To investigate a novel macro and micro driven linear piezoelectric motor composed of an ultrasonic motor with macro movement and a piezoelectric actuator with micro movement,a digital signal processing(DSP)based macro and micro power supply is designed,which fits the new linear piezoelectric motor.The power supply comprises a control circuit,a voltage conversion circuit,an amplifier circuit,a half-bridge module,an optical isolatorsdrive circuit,etc,where the DSP of TMS320F28335 is used as the controller.When the linear piezoelectric motor working in a macro driven state,the power supply outputs alternating currents with high frequency and high voltage,which drives the linear piezoelectric motor dynamically at an ultrasonic frequency;while working in the micro driven state,the power supply outputs direct currents with high voltage,which drives the linear piezoelectric motor in micro driven statically.Here a prototype of the macro-micro power supply is designed.After a series of experiments on the power supply with and without loads,the results show that the power supply can drive and control the macro micro driven linear piezoelectric motor,and realizes quick and seamless switch between macro and micro drive.In addition,the power supply can drive and control the ultrasonic motor or piezoelectric ceramic micro actuator individually.The power supply achieves the multiple parameters of output signals adjustable simultaneously and exhibits good control characteristics.展开更多
Induction motors are extensively used in industrial and household appliances and consume more than 50% of the total generated electrical energy. The need for energy conservation is increasing the requirements for savi...Induction motors are extensively used in industrial and household appliances and consume more than 50% of the total generated electrical energy. The need for energy conservation is increasing the requirements for saving the electrical energy. It is therefore important to optimize the efficiency of electrical drive systems under certain operating conditions. This paper proposes a new control scheme based on search method taking advantage of the fact, that at a certain torque and speed (operating point) there is only one value of stator voltage that operates the motor at optimum efficiency. Simulation performed and results are presented.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52077002。
文摘Model predictive control(MPC)has been deemed as an attractive control method in motor drives by virtue of its simple structure,convenient multi-objective optimization,and satisfactory dynamic performance.However,the strong reliance on mathematical models seriously restrains its practical application.Therefore,improving the robustness of MPC has attained significant attentions in the last two decades,followed by which,model-free predictive control(MFPC)comes into existence.This article aims to reveal the current state of MFPC strategies for motor drives and give the categorization from the perspective of implementation.Based on this review,the principles of the reported MFPC strategies are introduced in detail,as well as the challenges encountered in technology realization.In addition,some of typical and important concepts are experimentally validated via case studies to evaluate the performance and highlight their features.Finally,the future trends of MFPC are discussed based on the current state and reported developments.
文摘in this paper, an electromechanically coupled mathematic model of multi-roller driving system for belt conveyor is set up, and the computing equations for dynamic displacement and dynamic tension of the conveyor are also formulated when the hoister is used for straining. Based on the belt conveyor of main inclined shaft in Chengzhuang coal mine, the driving torque, driving power and starting-speed characteristic of each electric motor are studied and measured when multi-roller variable-frequency drive (power distribution 2∶1) is used. The optimal control and the optimal starting-acceleration of the multi-roller variable-frequency drive are determined by a large number of industrial experiments and theoretical calculations.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China Headquarters under Grant 5500-202416156A-1-1-ZN.
文摘Sine-wave drive and square-wave drive are two common motor control strategies.This study constructs a mathematical model capable of predicting the distribution of electromagnetic force waves in synchronous reluctance motors(SynRMs)under these two drive methods,and comparatively analyzes the vibration phenomena induced by electromagnetic forces under different drive methods.It aims to provide an effective tool for predicting the distribution of electromagnetic force waves in SynRMs,while exploring the influence of drive modes on their vibration characteristics.The study focuses on a 4-pole,36-slot 5.5 kW SynRM.Based on the magnetomotive force(MMF)-permeance method,incorporating the special rotor structure and the characteristics of current harmonics under square-wave drive,an air-gap flux distribution function is established.Meanwhile,Maxwell’s stress tensor method is adopted to analyze how the air-gap flux density relates to electromagnetic excitation force waves.Subsequently,this analysis is applied to forecast the spatiotemporal distribution features of radial electromagnetic force waves.Finite element simulations are conducted to compute the modal and vibration responses of the SynRM,followed by a comparative analysis of the vibration characteristics under the two drive methods.Additionally,a 6-pole,36-slot SynRM is used for additional comparative verification.Ultimately,the effectiveness of the simulation results is verified through experiments.
文摘This paper focuses on the high-voltage safety of drive motor systems in new energy vehicles and conducts standardized research on functional safety design in the concept phase. In view of the lack of high-voltage hazard analysis for drive motor systems in existing standards, based on theories such as GB/T 34590 and ISO 26262, the safety levels are deeply analyzed. The HAZOP method is innovatively used, and 16 types of guidewords are combined to comprehensively analyze the system functions, identifying vehicle hazards such as high-voltage electric shock caused by functional abnormalities, including high-voltage interlock function failure and abnormal active discharge. Subsequently, safety goals such as preventing high-voltage electric shock are set, functional safety requirements such as accurately obtaining collision signals and timely discharging high-voltage electricity are formulated, and requirements for external signal sources and other technologies are clearly defined, constructing a complete high-voltage safety protection system. The research results provide important technical support and standardized references for the high-voltage safety functional design of drive motor systems in new energy vehicles, and are of great significance for improving the high-voltage safety level of the new energy vehicle industry, expecting to play a key role in subsequent product development and standard improvement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52407064)。
文摘1.Opportunities for electric motor drives in the low-altitude economy The implementation plan for the innovative application of general aviation equipment(2024–2030)outlines that by 2027,new general aviation equipment will achieve commercial applications in urban air transport,logistics distribution and emergency rescue.
文摘Electric locomotives on the horizon will integrate SiC inverters,promising quicker switching and lower losses than traditional setups.However,in addition to the steep rising edge,the inverter-fed motor drive system faces challenges such as high common-mode voltage(CMV)and high motor terminal surge voltage swing rate(dv/dt).To tackle these hurdles,this paper proposes a novel tailored traction control system for three-phase locomotive motors.This innovative strategy utilises nearstate space vector pulse width modulation(NSVPWM),selectively removing space vectors with high CMV to generate modulation signals.Complemented by a slew rate capacitor configuration,the aim is to reduce CMV while effectively suppressing motor-side voltage slew rate.To validate this approach,experimental waveforms from on-site inverter-fed motor drive systems have been analysed to derive high-frequency parameters of long-line cables and variable frequency motors to mimic real locomotive operating conditions better.Through experimental research and comparative simulations against traditional methods,this study reveals a significant 33.3%reduction in CMV compared to traditional systems.Furthermore,it achieves an impressive decrease in the rise/fall slope,down to 86.6%,while ensuring nearly zero electrical power consumption.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Project 51877006,and in part by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China 20162851016。
文摘Wide band-gap gallium nitride(GaN)device has the advantages of large band-gap,high electron mobility and low dielectric constant.Compared with traditional Si devices,these advantages make it suitable for fast-switching and high-power-density power electronics converters,thus reducing the overall weight,volume and power consumption of power electronic systems.As a review paper,this paper summarizes the characteristics and development of the state-of-art GaN power devices with different structures,analyzes the research status,and forecasts the application prospect of GaN devices.In addition,the problems and challenges of GaN devices were discussed.And thanks to the advantages of GaN devices,both the power density and efficiency of motor drive system are improved,which also have been presented in this paper.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 51677169 and Grant 51637009.
文摘This paper presents parametric analysis of driving range of electric vehicles driven by V-type interior permanent magnet motors aiming at maximum driving range,i.e.,minimal total energy consumption of the motors over a driving cycle.Influence of design parameters including tooth width,slot depth,split ratio(the ratio of inner diameter to outer diameter of the stator),and V-type magnet angle on the energy consumption of the motors and driving range of electric vehicles over a driving cycle is investigated in detail.The investigation is carried out for two typical driving cycles with different characteristics to represent different conditions:One is high-speed,low-torque cycle-Highway Fuel Economy Test and the other is low-speed,high-torque cycle-Artemis Urban Driving Cycle.It shows that for both driving cycles,the same parameters may have different influence on the energy consumption of the motors,as well as driving range of electric vehicles.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China under Grant 21KJA470007。
文摘The complex working conditions and nonlinear characteristics of the motor drive control system of industrial robots make it difficult to detect faults.In this paper,a deep learning-based observer,which combines the convolutional neural network(CNN)and the long short-term memory network(LSTM),is employed to approximate the nonlinear driving control system.CNN layers are introduced to extract dynamic features of the data,whereas LSTM layers perform time-sequential prediction of the target system.In terms of application,normal samples are fed into the observer to build an offline prediction model for the target system.The trained CNN-LSTM-based observer is then deployed along with the target system to estimate the system outputs.Online fault detection can be realized by analyzing the residuals.Finally,an application of the proposed fault detection method to a brushless DC motor drive system is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.Simulation results indicate the impressive fault detection capability of the presented method for driving control systems of industrial robots.
基金supported by National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.50825502)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51105016)
文摘A direct drive actuator （DDA） with direct drive valves （DDVs） as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor （TRVCM） used for redundant DDVs. The TRVCM features electrical/mechanical hybrid triple-redundancy by securing three stators along with three moving coils in the same frame. A permanent magnet （PM） Halbach array is employed in each redundant VCM to simplify the system structure. A back-to-back design between neighborly redundancies is adopted to decouple the magnetic flux linkage. The particle swarm optimization （PSO） method is implemented to optimize design parameters based on the analytical magnetic circuit model. The optimization objective function is defined as the acceleration capacity of the motor to achieve high dynamic performance. The optimal geometric parameters are verified with 3D magnetic field finite element analysis （FEA）. A research prototype has been developed for experimental purpose. The experimental results of magnetic field density and force output show that the proposed TRVCM has great potential of applications in DDA systems.
基金This work was supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51677150)in part by State Key Laboratory of Large Electric Drive System and Equipment Technology(SKLLDJ012016006)+1 种基金in part by Key Research and Development Project of ShaanXi Province(2019GY-060)in part by Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation in ShaanXi Province(SLGPT2019KF01-12)。
文摘Sensorless control of AC motor drives,which takes the advantages of cost saving,higher reliability,and less hardware,has been developed for several decades.Among the existing speed sensorless control methods,nonlinear Kalman filter-based one has attached widespread attention due to its superb estimation accuracy and inherent resistibility to noise.However,the determination of noise covariance matrix and robustness of model uncertainties are still open issues in practice.A great number of studies try to solve these problems in resent years.This paper reviews the application of extended Kalman filter(EKF),unscented Kalman filter(UKF),and cubature Kalman filter(CKF)in speed sensorless control for AC motor drives.As an iterative algorithm,EKF has advantages in processor implementation.However,EKF suffers from the linearization error and model uncertainties when applying to sensorless control system.This paper presents the predominant improvements of EKF which is also applicative in UKF and CKF mostly.
基金funded by Tsinghua University-Weichai Power Intelligent Manufacturing Joint Research Institute (WCDL-GH-2022-0131)。
文摘For electric vehicles (EVs),it is necessary to improve endurance mileage by improving the efficiency.There exists a trend towards increasing the system voltage and switching frequency,contributing to improve charging speed and power density.However,this trend poses significant challenges for high-voltage and high-frequency motor controllers,which are plagued by increased switching losses and pronounced switching oscillations as consequences of hard switching.The deployment of soft switching technology presents a viable solution to mitigate these issues.This paper reviews the applications of soft switching technologies for three-phase inverters and classifies them based on distinct characteristics.For each type of inverter,the advantages and disadvantages are evaluated.Then,the paper introduces the research progress and control methods of soft switching inverters (SSIs).Moreover,it presents a comparative analysis among the conventional hard switching inverters (HSIs),an active clamping resonant DC link inverter (ACRDCLI) and an auxiliary resonant commuted pole inverter (ARCPI).Finally,the problems and prospects of soft switching technology applied to motor controllers for EVs are put forward.
基金funding from the Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and Innovation Programme No.807081。
文摘Motor drives form an essential part of the electric compressors,pumps,braking and actuation systems in the More-Electric Aircraft(MEA).In this paper,the application of Machine Learning(ML)in motor-drive design and optimization process is investigated.The general idea of using ML is to train surrogate models for the optimization.This training process is based on sample data collected from detailed simulation or experiment of motor drives.However,the Surrogate Role(SR)of ML may vary for different applications.This paper first introduces the principles of ML and then proposes two SRs(direct mapping approach and correction approach)of the ML in a motor-drive optimization process.Two different cases are given for the method comparison and validation of ML SRs.The first case is using the sample data from experiments to train the ML surrogate models.For the second case,the joint-simulation data is utilized for a multi-objective motor-drive optimization problem.It is found that both surrogate roles of ML can provide a good mapping model for the cases and in the second case,three feasible design schemes of ML are proposed and validated for the two SRs.Regarding the time consumption in optimizaiton,the proposed ML models can give one motor-drive design point up to 0.044 s while it takes more than 1.5 mins for the used simulation-based models.
文摘Rotor chopper control is a simple and effective drive method for induction motor. This paper presents a novel IGBT chopper topology,which can both adjust rotor resistance and protect IGBT efficiently. Investigation on the quasi transient state of the rotor rectifying circuit is made, and a nonlinear mapping between the equivalent resistance and the duty cycle is deduced. Furthermore, the method for determining the magnitude of the external resistor is introduced.
文摘When the induction motor is fed from the PWM VSI inverter, with and without torque enhancing function, the variations of the starting torque and the starting current versus the starting frequency are analyzed, based on the steady state equivalent circuit of the induction motor.The corresponding expressions are derived, and the corresponding curves are also drawn, from which the initial starting frequency range can be determined properly and easily. The initial starting frequency range is the common range, in which the starting torque should be high enough and the starting current low enough.Some other useful formulas are also derived.These results are significant for electrical drive designers to make the starting schemes. The effects of the increase of the stator and the rotor resistances on the starting torque and the initial starting frequency range are also discussed, which is caused by the skin effects of the high order harmonics present in the PWM inverter output voltage.
基金supported in part by National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFB2500600)in part by Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth multi-discipline project (JCTD-2021-09)in part by Strategic Piority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA28040100)
文摘In the current vehicle electric propulsion systems,the thermal design of power modules heavily relies on empirical knowledge,making it challenging to effectively optimize irregularly arranged Pinfin structures,thereby limiting their performance.This paper aims to review the underlying mechanisms of how irregularly arranged Pinfins influence the thermal characteristics of power modules and introduce collaborative thermal design with DC bus capacitor and motor.Literature considers chip size,placement,coolant flow direction with the goal of reducing thermal resistance of power modules,minimizing chip junction temperature differentials,and optimizing Pinfin layouts.In the first step,algorithms should efficiently generating numerous unique irregular Pinfin layouts to enhance optimization quality.The second step is to efficiently evaluate Pinfin layouts.Simulation accuracy and speed should be ensured to improve computational efficiency.Finally,to improve overall heat dissipation effectiveness,papers establish models for capacitors,motors,to aid collaborative Pinfin optimization.These research outcomes will provide essential support for future developments in high power density motor drive for vehicles.
基金This work was supported by the Research Fund for the National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFE0102800).
文摘In recent years,the application of sensorless AC motor drives is expanding in areas ranging from industrial applications to household electrical appliances.As is well known,the advantages of sensorless motor drives include lower cost,increased reliability,reduced hardware complexity,better noise immunity,and less maintenance requirements.With the development of modern industrial automation,more advanced sensorless control strategies are needed to meet the requirements of applications.For sensorless motor drives at low-and zero-speed operation,inverter nonlinearities and motor parameter variation have significant impact on the stability of control system.Meanwhile,high observer’s bandwidth is required in high-speed region.This paper introduces the state of art of recent progress in sensorless AC motor drives.In addition,this paper presents the sensorless control strategies we investigated for practical industrial and household applications.Both advanced sensorless drives of induction motor(IM)and permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)are presented in this paper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51177053)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(No.2012CXZD0016)+1 种基金the Key Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(No.20124404110003)Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(No.201510010227)
文摘To investigate a novel macro and micro driven linear piezoelectric motor composed of an ultrasonic motor with macro movement and a piezoelectric actuator with micro movement,a digital signal processing(DSP)based macro and micro power supply is designed,which fits the new linear piezoelectric motor.The power supply comprises a control circuit,a voltage conversion circuit,an amplifier circuit,a half-bridge module,an optical isolatorsdrive circuit,etc,where the DSP of TMS320F28335 is used as the controller.When the linear piezoelectric motor working in a macro driven state,the power supply outputs alternating currents with high frequency and high voltage,which drives the linear piezoelectric motor dynamically at an ultrasonic frequency;while working in the micro driven state,the power supply outputs direct currents with high voltage,which drives the linear piezoelectric motor in micro driven statically.Here a prototype of the macro-micro power supply is designed.After a series of experiments on the power supply with and without loads,the results show that the power supply can drive and control the macro micro driven linear piezoelectric motor,and realizes quick and seamless switch between macro and micro drive.In addition,the power supply can drive and control the ultrasonic motor or piezoelectric ceramic micro actuator individually.The power supply achieves the multiple parameters of output signals adjustable simultaneously and exhibits good control characteristics.
文摘Induction motors are extensively used in industrial and household appliances and consume more than 50% of the total generated electrical energy. The need for energy conservation is increasing the requirements for saving the electrical energy. It is therefore important to optimize the efficiency of electrical drive systems under certain operating conditions. This paper proposes a new control scheme based on search method taking advantage of the fact, that at a certain torque and speed (operating point) there is only one value of stator voltage that operates the motor at optimum efficiency. Simulation performed and results are presented.
