Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of ...Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of its value-added products and their profitability in the North-West Region remains underexplored. This study examined the profitability of maize value-added products in Mezam Division, with the objectives to: 1) identify various maize-based products, 2) assess the diversity of these products, 3) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of selected products, 4) examine the relationship between profitability and product diversity, and 5) identify key constraints impacting profitability. To achieve these objectives, structured questionnaires were administered to 500 small-scale maize entrepreneurs randomly selected from five subdivisions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze objective 1 and 5, while the Shannon Diversity Index was employed to assess product diversity. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted on four selected products namely pap, parched corn, peeled parboiled corn, and corn beer, and a correlation analysis was used to examine objective 4. In total, 13 maize value-added products were identified, with a diversity index of 4.4. The total cost of processing the four selected products per entrepreneur using 18 kg of maize per product was FCFA 83631.5 (US $132.75), while the total revenue was FCFA 121864.5 (US $193.43), resulting in an economic profit of FCFA 38,233 (US $60.69). Pap emerged as the most profitable product, with an economic profit of FCFA 27,875 (US $44.24), while corn beer was the least profitable, with an economic profit of FCFA 2133.46 (US $3.39). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between product diversity and profitability (r = −0.91), indicating that entrepreneurs can maximize profitability by focusing on a few high-demand products like pap and parched corn. Key constraints to profitability included fluctuating market prices, high production costs, limited access to finance, and inadequate storage facilities. Despite these challenges, our findings indicate that maize value addition is profitable in Mezam Division. Entrepreneurs can leverage this data for informed decision-making and future investments. It is recommended that the government promote maize value addition and provide financial support for modern processing equipment to boost profitability and income generation.展开更多
Clifford analysis is an important branch of modern analysis;it has a very important theoretical significance and application value,and its conclusions can be applied to the Maxwell equation,Yang-Mill field theory,quan...Clifford analysis is an important branch of modern analysis;it has a very important theoretical significance and application value,and its conclusions can be applied to the Maxwell equation,Yang-Mill field theory,quantum mechanics and value problems.In this paper,we first give the definition of a quasi-Cauchy type integral in complex Clifford analysis,and get the Plemelj formula for it.Second,we discuss the H?lder continuity for the Cauchy-type integral operators with values in a complex Clifford algebra.Finally,we prove the existence of solutions for a class of linear boundary value problems and give the integral representation for the solution.展开更多
Thermal analysis plays a key role in the online inspection of molten iron quality.Different solidification process of molten iron can be reflected by thermal analysis curves,and silicon is one of important elements af...Thermal analysis plays a key role in the online inspection of molten iron quality.Different solidification process of molten iron can be reflected by thermal analysis curves,and silicon is one of important elements affecting the solidification of molten iron.In this study,FeSi75 was added in one chamber of the dual-chamber sample cup,and the influences of FeSi75 additive on the characteristic values of thermal analysis curves and vermiculating rate were investigated.The results show that with the increase of FeSi75,the start temperature of austenite formation TALfirstly decreases and then increases,but the start temperature of eutectic growth TSEF,the lowest eutectic temperature TEU,temperature at maximum eutectic reaction rate TEM,and highest eutectic temperature TERkeep always an increase.The temperature at final solidification point TEShas little change.The FeSi75 additive has different influences on the vermiculating rate of molten iron with different vermiculation,and the vermiculating rate increases for lower vermiculation molten iron while decreases for higher one.According to the thermal analysis curves obtained by a dual-chamber sample cup with 0.30wt.%FeSi75 additive in one chamber,the vermiculating rate of molten iron can be evaluated by comparing the characteristic values of these curves.The time differenceΔtERcorresponding to the highest eutectic temperature TERhas a closer relationship with the vermiculating rate,and a parabolic regression curve between the time differenceΔtERand vermiculating rateηhas been obtained within the range of 65%to 95%,which is suitable for the qualified melt.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of siltuximab in the treatment of Castleman disease based on multicriteria decision analysis(MCDA)and evidence and value:Impact on decision making(EVIDEM)framework.Methods The ...Objective To evaluate the clinical value of siltuximab in the treatment of Castleman disease based on multicriteria decision analysis(MCDA)and evidence and value:Impact on decision making(EVIDEM)framework.Methods The evidence matrix for quantitative analysis of MCDA was extracted through literature research,and the weight of each evaluation index was calculated by the maximum differentiation measure in conjoint analysis.Besides,the clinical value of siltuximab in the treatment of Castleman disease was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively based on the results of expert questionnaire surveys.Results and Conclusion The clinical value score of siltuximab was 0.491,and the weight ratio of“therapeutic benefit”(15.39%),“drug effectiveness”(14.46%)and“drug safety”(11.43%)were the three largest.Among the indexes of“drug effectiveness”“drug safety”“patient reported outcome”“therapeutic benefit”and“non-medical cost”,siltuximab for Castleman disease was considered to be a more valuable treatment option than other first-line therapies.By qualitative analysis,57%experts believed that siltuximab was a better treatment option.The indexes that contribute the most to the overall clinical value of siltuximab are“therapeutic benefit”“drug effectiveness”and“quality of evidence”,while the indexes that have a negative impact on the clinical value of siltuximab is“drug treatment cost”.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to compare differences of SPAD value, chloro- phyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits to analyze correlation of SPAD value with other indices and establish reg...[Objective] The aim was to compare differences of SPAD value, chloro- phyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits to analyze correlation of SPAD value with other indices and establish regression functions. [Method] Based on 34 Brassica napus L. varieties, SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits were measured and re- gression functions were established according to correlations. [Result] SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic and economic characters and yield traits all achieved significant level in differences among 34 varieties. Specifically, SPAD value was of extremely significant correlation with chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, and the correlation from high to low was chl-b〉chl-z〉chl-a〉chl-x. SPAD value was of significantly positive correlation with total pod number per plant, plant height, seed number per pod, yield per plant and harvest yield, and of insignificant correlation with branch point height, effective branch number, pod density of main stem, and pod length. [Conclusion] It is simple and rapid to predict chlorophyll con- tent, economic characters and yields of Brassica napus L. with SPAD value and re- gression functions.展开更多
The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation w...The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation was employed to explore the contribution level of the indicators such as total population,urbanization level,proportion of primary industry and investment of social fixed assets on ecosystem service value,and the correlation analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005 mainly was woodland,and the decrease of woodland area was the major reason for the sustained reduction of ecosystem service value.With the further increase of market demand and the incentives of local government,the garden area rapidly increased during 2001-2005,and the influence degree of garden towards the changes of ecosystem service value was only second to woodland,ranking No.2.Four socio-economic indicators had different correlation degree with ecosystem service value during the different research periods.Total population,urbanization level and proportion of primary industry had high correlation degree with ecosystem service value,whereas the influence degree of various socio-economic indicators on ecosystem service value was equal with each other day by day.Urbanization level,investment of social fixed assets and total population had significant negative correlation with ecosystem service value,while the proportion of primary industry had positive correlation with ecosystem service value.展开更多
By dint of the summer precipitation data from 21 stations in the Dongting Lake region during 1960-2008 and the sea surface temperature(SST) data from NOAA,the spatial and temporal distributions of summer precipitation...By dint of the summer precipitation data from 21 stations in the Dongting Lake region during 1960-2008 and the sea surface temperature(SST) data from NOAA,the spatial and temporal distributions of summer precipitation and their correlations with SST are analyzed.The coupling relationship between the anomalous distribution in summer precipitation and the variation of SST has between studied with the Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) analysis.The increase or decrease of summer precipitation in the Dongting Lake region is closely associated with the SST anomalies in three key regions.The variation of SST in the three key regions has been proved to be a significant previous signal to anomaly of summer rainfall in Dongting region.展开更多
Xinjiang Tianshan is a serial natural property that has been nominated for World Heritage status.This paper presents a systematically comprehensive and comparative analysis of the heritage resources of Xinjiang Tiansh...Xinjiang Tianshan is a serial natural property that has been nominated for World Heritage status.This paper presents a systematically comprehensive and comparative analysis of the heritage resources of Xinjiang Tianshan according to the World Heritage criteria.Its biological,ecological and aesthetic values,which are of global importance, are documented.It is concluded that Xinjiang Tianshan meets the world heritage criteria(vii)and (ix).Xinjiang Tianshan is compared with other mountain world heritage sites,mountains in Central Asia,the Tianshan Mountains outside China,and with the protected areas of the Tianshan Mountains on the Tentative List for World Heritage Sites,so as to provide objective data for the world heritage application.展开更多
Marine ecosystem services are the benefits which people obtain from the marine ecosystem,including provisioning services,regulating services,cultural services and supporting services. The human species,while buffered ...Marine ecosystem services are the benefits which people obtain from the marine ecosystem,including provisioning services,regulating services,cultural services and supporting services. The human species,while buffered against environmental changes by culture and technology,is fundamentally dependent on the flow of ecosystem services. Marine ecosystem services become increasingly valuable as the terrestrial resources become scarce. The value of marine ecosystem services is the monetary flow of ecosystem services on specific temporal and spatial scales,which often changes due to the variation of the goods prices,yields and the status of marine exploitation. Sensitivity analysis is to study the relationship between the value of marine ecosystem services and the main factors which affect it. Uncertainty analysis based on varying prices,yields and status of marine exploitation was carried out. Through uncertainty analysis,a more credible value range instead of a fixed value of marine ecosystem services was obtained in this study. Moreover,sensitivity analysis of the marine ecosystem services value revealed the relative importance of different factors.展开更多
This paper clarifies the essence of the significance test of singular value decomposition analysis （SVD）, and investigates four rules for testing the significance of coupled modes of SVD, including parallel analysis...This paper clarifies the essence of the significance test of singular value decomposition analysis （SVD）, and investigates four rules for testing the significance of coupled modes of SVD, including parallel analysis, nonparametric bootstrap, random-phase test, and a new rule named modified parallel analysis. A numerical experiment is conducted to quantitatively compare the performance of the four rules in judging whether a coupled mode of SVD is significant as parameters such as the sample size, the number of grid points, and the signal-to-noise ratio vary. The results show that the four rules perform better with lower ratio of the number of grid points to sample size. Modified parallel analysis and nonparametric bootstrap perform best to abandon the spurious coupled modes, but the latter is better than the former to retain the significant coupled modes when the sample size is not much larger than the number of grid points. Parallel analysis and random-phase test are robust to abandon the spurious coupled modes only when either （1） the observations at the grid points are spatially uncorrelated, or （2） the coupled signal is very strong for parallel analysis and is not weak for random-phase test. The reasons affecting the accuracy of the test rules are discussed.展开更多
A physical value mapping （PVM） algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from...A physical value mapping （PVM） algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from the mesh of the product to the mesh of the stamped part will be adopted. At the same time, the search process is divided into two steps： entire search （ES） and local search （LS）, which improve the searching efficiency. The searching area is enlarged to avoid missing projection elements in ES process. An arc-length method is introduced in LS process. The validity is confirmed by the results of the complex industry-forming product.展开更多
In district heating(DH) system with gas-fired peak load regulating boiler in the secondary network,by prolonging run time of base load plants under rated condition,the mean energy efficiency could be increased. The fu...In district heating(DH) system with gas-fired peak load regulating boiler in the secondary network,by prolonging run time of base load plants under rated condition,the mean energy efficiency could be increased. The fuels of the system,including coal and gas,would cause different environmental impacts. Meanwhile,the reliability of the heating networks would be changed because the peak load regulating boiler could work as a standby heat source. A model for assessment of heating system was established by value analysis to optimize this kind of system. Energy consumption,greenhouse gas emission,pollution emission and system reliability were selected as functional assessment indexes in the model. Weights of each function were determined by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and experts consultation. Life cycle cost was used as the cost in the model. A real case as an example was discussed to obtain the optimal base load ratio. The result shows that the optimal base load ratio of the case is 0.77.展开更多
With a technique of GIS(Geographical Information System) and a method of multiple linear regression analysis, the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values and its relationship with some location factors are examin...With a technique of GIS(Geographical Information System) and a method of multiple linear regression analysis, the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values and its relationship with some location factors are examined in this paper. The database of land values consists of 166 land parcels leased during 1993-1994. The land value map shows that the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values has some distinct spatial features. Firstly, the highest land value areas are located along Nanjing Road, Huaihai Road and the Bund. Secondly, there is no conspicuous peak land value intersection within the CBD(Central Business District). Finally, The land values of Pudong are much lower than those of Puxi. The regression model between Shanghai land values and the selected location factors shows that Nanjing Road is the first important location factor affecting the spatial distribution of the land values, the city center is the second one and Huaihai Road is the third one. The Bund, the regional shopping centers and the transportation nodes have little influence on the land values. This relationship between Shanghai land values and the location factors is determined by the distribution of commercial activities, the characteristics of the CBD and the spatial form of the city.展开更多
Taking 65 cherry tomato core germplasms as experimental materials,the genetic diversity of seven agronomic traits were analyzed.The correlation between any two of the seven agronomic traits and the genetic relationshi...Taking 65 cherry tomato core germplasms as experimental materials,the genetic diversity of seven agronomic traits were analyzed.The correlation between any two of the seven agronomic traits and the genetic relationships of these germplasms were analyzed based on genotypic values.The genetic diversity indices of the seven agronomic traits were 4.15,4.13,4.16,4.13,4.13,4.13 and 4.01,respectively,showing that the cherry tomato core collection had abundant genetic diversity.The correlation analysis between traits based on genotype effect values showed that leaf length was significantly correlated with leaf width with the correlation coefficient of 0.56.The fruit width was significantly correlated with fruit length with the correlation coefficient of 0.52.The flesh thickness was significantly correlated with fruit length and fruit width with the correlation coefficients of 0.49 and 0.39,respectively.The single fruit weight was significantly correlated with fruit length,fruit width and flesh thickness with the correlation coefficients of 0.44,0.61 and 0.62,respectively.When the genetic distances between core germplasms of cherry tomato were calculated based on the phenotypic values,65 core germplasms of cherry tomato were divided into three groups with the rescaled distance of 10.When the genetic distances between core germplasms of cherry tomato were calculated based on the genotypic values,the 65 core germplasms of cherry tomato were divided into four groups with the rescaled distance of 10.Comparing the 2 clustering results,it could find that genotypic value-based clustering analysis could better clarify the genetic relationship between core germplasms.This study could provide a theoretical basis for the effective utilization of cherry tomato core germplasms.展开更多
This study was particularly designed to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and polarization value of raw sugar which ultimately affect the filterability of raw sugar. Six different raw sugar samples were collect...This study was particularly designed to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and polarization value of raw sugar which ultimately affect the filterability of raw sugar. Six different raw sugar samples were collected from the local industries and were evaluated for the physico-chemical and polarization value. The physico-chemical characteristics of sugar including moisture, reducing sugar, ash contents, size of crystals and color constituents were assessed. The results obtained from physico-chemical analysis showed that these parameters were affected significantly among the samples of raw sugar. The ash contents were found to be decreasing for the samples in the order of T6 > T1T2T5 > T3T4. The values for the polarization were significantly the highest in sample T5, T2 and T1 followed by sample T4 and T6 while the lowest values were recorded for sample T3. It can be concluded from the results that sample T4 was observed to have a good quality while sample T6 had the opposite result to that of sample T4 and was considered to have a very low quality.展开更多
The research attempts to find out how the location of the CBD(central business district), the dis- tance to the main roads, the distribution of the public facilities, and the urban land-use pattern influence the urban...The research attempts to find out how the location of the CBD(central business district), the dis- tance to the main roads, the distribution of the public facilities, and the urban land-use pattern influence the urban residential land value variations. The study begins by identifying the influences into two categories: general circumstance and micro/neighboring circumstances. Benchmark price and market land value are tested to be the results influenced by general circumstance and both the influential range and the influential force of individual land-use are investigated and compared. At last explicit case comparisons are also taken for testing the result. The finding of the research is not only useful for understanding the spatial patterns of land values, but also beneficial for the policy-makers concerning land administration and urban planning.展开更多
A method of accuracy assignment based on value analysis method （VAM） in tank fire control system （TFCS） is proposed. From the analysis of primary error sources and their error transfer relationships, the mathemati...A method of accuracy assignment based on value analysis method （VAM） in tank fire control system （TFCS） is proposed. From the analysis of primary error sources and their error transfer relationships, the mathematical model is built on the basis of VAM to solve the accuracy assignment problem. Simulation results show the validation and feasibility of the proposed method. It can help designer of tank fire control system work out an optimal system more efficiently and more economically.展开更多
In this paper, the standard homotopy analysis method was applied to initial value problems of the second order with some types of discontinuities, for both linear and nonlinear cases. To show the high accuracy of the ...In this paper, the standard homotopy analysis method was applied to initial value problems of the second order with some types of discontinuities, for both linear and nonlinear cases. To show the high accuracy of the solution results compared with the exact solution, a comparison of the numerical results was made applying the standard homotopy analysis method with the iteration of the integral equation and the numerical solution with the Simpson rule. Also, the maximum absolute error, , the maximum relative error, the maximum residual error and the estimated order of convergence were given. The research is meaningful and I recommend it to be published in the journal.展开更多
文摘Maize value-added products play a crucial role in reducing post-harvest losses, enhancing food security, and generating income. While extensive research has focused on maize production in Cameroon, the exploration of its value-added products and their profitability in the North-West Region remains underexplored. This study examined the profitability of maize value-added products in Mezam Division, with the objectives to: 1) identify various maize-based products, 2) assess the diversity of these products, 3) conduct a cost-benefit analysis of selected products, 4) examine the relationship between profitability and product diversity, and 5) identify key constraints impacting profitability. To achieve these objectives, structured questionnaires were administered to 500 small-scale maize entrepreneurs randomly selected from five subdivisions. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze objective 1 and 5, while the Shannon Diversity Index was employed to assess product diversity. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis was conducted on four selected products namely pap, parched corn, peeled parboiled corn, and corn beer, and a correlation analysis was used to examine objective 4. In total, 13 maize value-added products were identified, with a diversity index of 4.4. The total cost of processing the four selected products per entrepreneur using 18 kg of maize per product was FCFA 83631.5 (US $132.75), while the total revenue was FCFA 121864.5 (US $193.43), resulting in an economic profit of FCFA 38,233 (US $60.69). Pap emerged as the most profitable product, with an economic profit of FCFA 27,875 (US $44.24), while corn beer was the least profitable, with an economic profit of FCFA 2133.46 (US $3.39). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative relationship between product diversity and profitability (r = −0.91), indicating that entrepreneurs can maximize profitability by focusing on a few high-demand products like pap and parched corn. Key constraints to profitability included fluctuating market prices, high production costs, limited access to finance, and inadequate storage facilities. Despite these challenges, our findings indicate that maize value addition is profitable in Mezam Division. Entrepreneurs can leverage this data for informed decision-making and future investments. It is recommended that the government promote maize value addition and provide financial support for modern processing equipment to boost profitability and income generation.
基金supported by the NSF of Hebei Province(A2022208007)the NSF of China(11571089,11871191)the NSF of Henan Province(222300420397)。
文摘Clifford analysis is an important branch of modern analysis;it has a very important theoretical significance and application value,and its conclusions can be applied to the Maxwell equation,Yang-Mill field theory,quantum mechanics and value problems.In this paper,we first give the definition of a quasi-Cauchy type integral in complex Clifford analysis,and get the Plemelj formula for it.Second,we discuss the H?lder continuity for the Cauchy-type integral operators with values in a complex Clifford algebra.Finally,we prove the existence of solutions for a class of linear boundary value problems and give the integral representation for the solution.
基金the financial support of the State Key Laboratory of Engine Reliability(skler-202105)。
文摘Thermal analysis plays a key role in the online inspection of molten iron quality.Different solidification process of molten iron can be reflected by thermal analysis curves,and silicon is one of important elements affecting the solidification of molten iron.In this study,FeSi75 was added in one chamber of the dual-chamber sample cup,and the influences of FeSi75 additive on the characteristic values of thermal analysis curves and vermiculating rate were investigated.The results show that with the increase of FeSi75,the start temperature of austenite formation TALfirstly decreases and then increases,but the start temperature of eutectic growth TSEF,the lowest eutectic temperature TEU,temperature at maximum eutectic reaction rate TEM,and highest eutectic temperature TERkeep always an increase.The temperature at final solidification point TEShas little change.The FeSi75 additive has different influences on the vermiculating rate of molten iron with different vermiculation,and the vermiculating rate increases for lower vermiculation molten iron while decreases for higher one.According to the thermal analysis curves obtained by a dual-chamber sample cup with 0.30wt.%FeSi75 additive in one chamber,the vermiculating rate of molten iron can be evaluated by comparing the characteristic values of these curves.The time differenceΔtERcorresponding to the highest eutectic temperature TERhas a closer relationship with the vermiculating rate,and a parabolic regression curve between the time differenceΔtERand vermiculating rateηhas been obtained within the range of 65%to 95%,which is suitable for the qualified melt.
文摘Objective To evaluate the clinical value of siltuximab in the treatment of Castleman disease based on multicriteria decision analysis(MCDA)and evidence and value:Impact on decision making(EVIDEM)framework.Methods The evidence matrix for quantitative analysis of MCDA was extracted through literature research,and the weight of each evaluation index was calculated by the maximum differentiation measure in conjoint analysis.Besides,the clinical value of siltuximab in the treatment of Castleman disease was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively based on the results of expert questionnaire surveys.Results and Conclusion The clinical value score of siltuximab was 0.491,and the weight ratio of“therapeutic benefit”(15.39%),“drug effectiveness”(14.46%)and“drug safety”(11.43%)were the three largest.Among the indexes of“drug effectiveness”“drug safety”“patient reported outcome”“therapeutic benefit”and“non-medical cost”,siltuximab for Castleman disease was considered to be a more valuable treatment option than other first-line therapies.By qualitative analysis,57%experts believed that siltuximab was a better treatment option.The indexes that contribute the most to the overall clinical value of siltuximab are“therapeutic benefit”“drug effectiveness”and“quality of evidence”,while the indexes that have a negative impact on the clinical value of siltuximab is“drug treatment cost”.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Support-Plan(BE2012327)Jiangsu Agricultural"Three New Engineering"Project(SXG2013006)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to compare differences of SPAD value, chloro- phyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits to analyze correlation of SPAD value with other indices and establish regression functions. [Method] Based on 34 Brassica napus L. varieties, SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits were measured and re- gression functions were established according to correlations. [Result] SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic and economic characters and yield traits all achieved significant level in differences among 34 varieties. Specifically, SPAD value was of extremely significant correlation with chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, and the correlation from high to low was chl-b〉chl-z〉chl-a〉chl-x. SPAD value was of significantly positive correlation with total pod number per plant, plant height, seed number per pod, yield per plant and harvest yield, and of insignificant correlation with branch point height, effective branch number, pod density of main stem, and pod length. [Conclusion] It is simple and rapid to predict chlorophyll con- tent, economic characters and yields of Brassica napus L. with SPAD value and re- gression functions.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province"Research on Optimization Model of Land Use in Southern Hilly Region with Red Soil in Jiangxi Province based on Ecological Security Evaluation"(2008GQH0057)Educational Commission of Jiangxi Province"Research on Scenario Simulation of Land Use Security Pattern in Southern Hilly Region with Red Soil in Jiangxi Province" (GJJ09557)Innovative Experimental Projects of National University Students"Research on Land Use Ecological Security Assessment in Hilly Region with Red Soil based on GIS-Xingguo County in Jiangxi Province as an Example"(101042124)~~
文摘The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation was employed to explore the contribution level of the indicators such as total population,urbanization level,proportion of primary industry and investment of social fixed assets on ecosystem service value,and the correlation analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005 mainly was woodland,and the decrease of woodland area was the major reason for the sustained reduction of ecosystem service value.With the further increase of market demand and the incentives of local government,the garden area rapidly increased during 2001-2005,and the influence degree of garden towards the changes of ecosystem service value was only second to woodland,ranking No.2.Four socio-economic indicators had different correlation degree with ecosystem service value during the different research periods.Total population,urbanization level and proportion of primary industry had high correlation degree with ecosystem service value,whereas the influence degree of various socio-economic indicators on ecosystem service value was equal with each other day by day.Urbanization level,investment of social fixed assets and total population had significant negative correlation with ecosystem service value,while the proportion of primary industry had positive correlation with ecosystem service value.
基金Supported by The Special Foundation of Chinese Meteorological Bureau Climate Changes Program(200920)The Special Foundation of Hunan Major Scientific and Technological Research Program(2008FJ1006)~~
文摘By dint of the summer precipitation data from 21 stations in the Dongting Lake region during 1960-2008 and the sea surface temperature(SST) data from NOAA,the spatial and temporal distributions of summer precipitation and their correlations with SST are analyzed.The coupling relationship between the anomalous distribution in summer precipitation and the variation of SST has between studied with the Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) analysis.The increase or decrease of summer precipitation in the Dongting Lake region is closely associated with the SST anomalies in three key regions.The variation of SST in the three key regions has been proved to be a significant previous signal to anomaly of summer rainfall in Dongting region.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists(Grant No.2010T2Z17)Special Funding of Russia,Ukraine and Belarus,Bureau of International Cooperation Chinese Academy of Sciences,2011
文摘Xinjiang Tianshan is a serial natural property that has been nominated for World Heritage status.This paper presents a systematically comprehensive and comparative analysis of the heritage resources of Xinjiang Tianshan according to the World Heritage criteria.Its biological,ecological and aesthetic values,which are of global importance, are documented.It is concluded that Xinjiang Tianshan meets the world heritage criteria(vii)and (ix).Xinjiang Tianshan is compared with other mountain world heritage sites,mountains in Central Asia,the Tianshan Mountains outside China,and with the protected areas of the Tianshan Mountains on the Tentative List for World Heritage Sites,so as to provide objective data for the world heritage application.
基金funded by the Marine Public Welfare Pro-ject of China (Nos. 200705029, 200805080)the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2002CB412406)SOA-funded Program (No. 908-02-04-03)
文摘Marine ecosystem services are the benefits which people obtain from the marine ecosystem,including provisioning services,regulating services,cultural services and supporting services. The human species,while buffered against environmental changes by culture and technology,is fundamentally dependent on the flow of ecosystem services. Marine ecosystem services become increasingly valuable as the terrestrial resources become scarce. The value of marine ecosystem services is the monetary flow of ecosystem services on specific temporal and spatial scales,which often changes due to the variation of the goods prices,yields and the status of marine exploitation. Sensitivity analysis is to study the relationship between the value of marine ecosystem services and the main factors which affect it. Uncertainty analysis based on varying prices,yields and status of marine exploitation was carried out. Through uncertainty analysis,a more credible value range instead of a fixed value of marine ecosystem services was obtained in this study. Moreover,sensitivity analysis of the marine ecosystem services value revealed the relative importance of different factors.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 40233027.
文摘This paper clarifies the essence of the significance test of singular value decomposition analysis （SVD）, and investigates four rules for testing the significance of coupled modes of SVD, including parallel analysis, nonparametric bootstrap, random-phase test, and a new rule named modified parallel analysis. A numerical experiment is conducted to quantitatively compare the performance of the four rules in judging whether a coupled mode of SVD is significant as parameters such as the sample size, the number of grid points, and the signal-to-noise ratio vary. The results show that the four rules perform better with lower ratio of the number of grid points to sample size. Modified parallel analysis and nonparametric bootstrap perform best to abandon the spurious coupled modes, but the latter is better than the former to retain the significant coupled modes when the sample size is not much larger than the number of grid points. Parallel analysis and random-phase test are robust to abandon the spurious coupled modes only when either （1） the observations at the grid points are spatially uncorrelated, or （2） the coupled signal is very strong for parallel analysis and is not weak for random-phase test. The reasons affecting the accuracy of the test rules are discussed.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(No.l9832020) and National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation ofChina(No.10125208).
文摘A physical value mapping （PVM） algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from the mesh of the product to the mesh of the stamped part will be adopted. At the same time, the search process is divided into two steps： entire search （ES） and local search （LS）, which improve the searching efficiency. The searching area is enlarged to avoid missing projection elements in ES process. An arc-length method is introduced in LS process. The validity is confirmed by the results of the complex industry-forming product.
文摘In district heating(DH) system with gas-fired peak load regulating boiler in the secondary network,by prolonging run time of base load plants under rated condition,the mean energy efficiency could be increased. The fuels of the system,including coal and gas,would cause different environmental impacts. Meanwhile,the reliability of the heating networks would be changed because the peak load regulating boiler could work as a standby heat source. A model for assessment of heating system was established by value analysis to optimize this kind of system. Energy consumption,greenhouse gas emission,pollution emission and system reliability were selected as functional assessment indexes in the model. Weights of each function were determined by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and experts consultation. Life cycle cost was used as the cost in the model. A real case as an example was discussed to obtain the optimal base load ratio. The result shows that the optimal base load ratio of the case is 0.77.
文摘With a technique of GIS(Geographical Information System) and a method of multiple linear regression analysis, the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values and its relationship with some location factors are examined in this paper. The database of land values consists of 166 land parcels leased during 1993-1994. The land value map shows that the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values has some distinct spatial features. Firstly, the highest land value areas are located along Nanjing Road, Huaihai Road and the Bund. Secondly, there is no conspicuous peak land value intersection within the CBD(Central Business District). Finally, The land values of Pudong are much lower than those of Puxi. The regression model between Shanghai land values and the selected location factors shows that Nanjing Road is the first important location factor affecting the spatial distribution of the land values, the city center is the second one and Huaihai Road is the third one. The Bund, the regional shopping centers and the transportation nodes have little influence on the land values. This relationship between Shanghai land values and the location factors is determined by the distribution of commercial activities, the characteristics of the CBD and the spatial form of the city.
基金Supported by Hainan Provincial Science and Technology Project(ZDYF2018035)
文摘Taking 65 cherry tomato core germplasms as experimental materials,the genetic diversity of seven agronomic traits were analyzed.The correlation between any two of the seven agronomic traits and the genetic relationships of these germplasms were analyzed based on genotypic values.The genetic diversity indices of the seven agronomic traits were 4.15,4.13,4.16,4.13,4.13,4.13 and 4.01,respectively,showing that the cherry tomato core collection had abundant genetic diversity.The correlation analysis between traits based on genotype effect values showed that leaf length was significantly correlated with leaf width with the correlation coefficient of 0.56.The fruit width was significantly correlated with fruit length with the correlation coefficient of 0.52.The flesh thickness was significantly correlated with fruit length and fruit width with the correlation coefficients of 0.49 and 0.39,respectively.The single fruit weight was significantly correlated with fruit length,fruit width and flesh thickness with the correlation coefficients of 0.44,0.61 and 0.62,respectively.When the genetic distances between core germplasms of cherry tomato were calculated based on the phenotypic values,65 core germplasms of cherry tomato were divided into three groups with the rescaled distance of 10.When the genetic distances between core germplasms of cherry tomato were calculated based on the genotypic values,the 65 core germplasms of cherry tomato were divided into four groups with the rescaled distance of 10.Comparing the 2 clustering results,it could find that genotypic value-based clustering analysis could better clarify the genetic relationship between core germplasms.This study could provide a theoretical basis for the effective utilization of cherry tomato core germplasms.
文摘This study was particularly designed to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and polarization value of raw sugar which ultimately affect the filterability of raw sugar. Six different raw sugar samples were collected from the local industries and were evaluated for the physico-chemical and polarization value. The physico-chemical characteristics of sugar including moisture, reducing sugar, ash contents, size of crystals and color constituents were assessed. The results obtained from physico-chemical analysis showed that these parameters were affected significantly among the samples of raw sugar. The ash contents were found to be decreasing for the samples in the order of T6 > T1T2T5 > T3T4. The values for the polarization were significantly the highest in sample T5, T2 and T1 followed by sample T4 and T6 while the lowest values were recorded for sample T3. It can be concluded from the results that sample T4 was observed to have a good quality while sample T6 had the opposite result to that of sample T4 and was considered to have a very low quality.
文摘The research attempts to find out how the location of the CBD(central business district), the dis- tance to the main roads, the distribution of the public facilities, and the urban land-use pattern influence the urban residential land value variations. The study begins by identifying the influences into two categories: general circumstance and micro/neighboring circumstances. Benchmark price and market land value are tested to be the results influenced by general circumstance and both the influential range and the influential force of individual land-use are investigated and compared. At last explicit case comparisons are also taken for testing the result. The finding of the research is not only useful for understanding the spatial patterns of land values, but also beneficial for the policy-makers concerning land administration and urban planning.
文摘A method of accuracy assignment based on value analysis method （VAM） in tank fire control system （TFCS） is proposed. From the analysis of primary error sources and their error transfer relationships, the mathematical model is built on the basis of VAM to solve the accuracy assignment problem. Simulation results show the validation and feasibility of the proposed method. It can help designer of tank fire control system work out an optimal system more efficiently and more economically.
文摘In this paper, the standard homotopy analysis method was applied to initial value problems of the second order with some types of discontinuities, for both linear and nonlinear cases. To show the high accuracy of the solution results compared with the exact solution, a comparison of the numerical results was made applying the standard homotopy analysis method with the iteration of the integral equation and the numerical solution with the Simpson rule. Also, the maximum absolute error, , the maximum relative error, the maximum residual error and the estimated order of convergence were given. The research is meaningful and I recommend it to be published in the journal.
