Directed degradation of abundant renewable lignin into small aromatic compounds is crucial for lignin valorization but challenging.The degradation of lignin in natural environments typically involves multienzyme syner...Directed degradation of abundant renewable lignin into small aromatic compounds is crucial for lignin valorization but challenging.The degradation of lignin in natural environments typically involves multienzyme synergy.However,the proteinaceous characteristics of lignin-degrading enzymes restrict their accessibility to certain regions of intricate lignin,resulting in the multienzyme systems being unable to fully demonstrate their effectiveness.Herein,a de novo biomimetic enzyme-nanozyme hybrid system was constructed by combiningλ-MnO_(2) nanozyme with laccase CotA from Bacillus subtilis,aimed at facilitating lignin degradation under mild conditions.The lignin degradation rate of the CotA+λ-MnO_(2) hybrid system was determined to be 25.15%,which was much higher than those of the lignin degradation systems with only laccase CotA(15.32%)orλ-MnO_(2) nanozyme(14.90%).Notably,the proportion of aromatic chemicals in the products derived from the hybrid system reached as much as 48%,which was 41.2%and 118.2%higher than those of the CotA-andλ-MnO_(2)-catalyzed systems,respectively.Analysis of products mapping and lignin structure changes suggested that the higher proportion of aromatic compounds in the CotA+λ-MnO_(2)hybrid system was more likely to benefit from the laccase-mediated methoxylation.Moreover,electron paramagnetic resonance analysis indicated that the intensity and kind of free radicals such as·OH and·O_(2)^(-)are closely linked to the degradation rate and reaction type.This work is the inaugural application of an enzyme-nanozyme hybrid system for lignin degradation,demonstrating the potential of the synergistic interaction between enzyme and nanozyme in the directed degradation of lignin.展开更多
The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions necessitates innovative approaches to biomass utilization.This study introduces a comprehensive biorefinery model that valorizes poplar biomass into high-value pr...The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions necessitates innovative approaches to biomass utilization.This study introduces a comprehensive biorefinery model that valorizes poplar biomass into high-value products,including ethanol,furfural,phenol,and biochar.These products not only serve as promising sources for biofuel and renewable chemicals but also contribute to pollution mitigation.The approach employs a biphasic pretreatment system utilizing p-toluenesulfonic acid,pentanol,and AlCl_(3) under optimized conditions(120℃ for 45 min),achieving remarkable efficiencies of 95.8%xylan removal,90.2%delignification,and 90.7%glucan recovery.The underlying mechanism,elucidated through density functional theory,demonstrates how the disruption of lignin-carbohydrate complexes via electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions enhances product yields.The cellulose-rich substrate yielded 71.3 g/L ethanol,while solubilized xylan converted to 86.7%furfural without additional acid.Furthermore,lignin pyrolysis produced bio-oil containing over 45.2%phenolic compounds,while biochar demonstrated significant adsorptive capacity for perfluorooctanoic acid.Scaling this biorefinery model to process 140 million tons of poplar biomass annually reduces CO_(2)emissions by 75.3 million tons and provides socioeconomic savings of $17.3 billion,supporting sustainable industrial transformation.展开更多
With global carbon emissions continuing to rise,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))capture and resource utilization have become central challenges in achieving the“dual carbon”goals(carbon peak and carbon neutrality).Traditional...With global carbon emissions continuing to rise,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))capture and resource utilization have become central challenges in achieving the“dual carbon”goals(carbon peak and carbon neutrality).Traditional carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology can only temporarily sequester CO_(2),whereas emerging green catalytic technologies(photo/electro/thermal catalysis)enable the conversion of CO_(2) into high-value chemicals(e.g.,fuels,pharmaceutical intermediates),advancing the closure of the artificial carbon cycle[1,2].展开更多
Photocatalytic oxygen reduction for hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))synthesis presents a green and costeffective production method.However,achieving highly selective H_(2)O_(2)synthesis remains challenging,necessitating ...Photocatalytic oxygen reduction for hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))synthesis presents a green and costeffective production method.However,achieving highly selective H_(2)O_(2)synthesis remains challenging,necessitating precise control over free radical reaction pathways and minimizing undesirable oxidative by-products.Herein,we report for the visible light-driven simultaneous co-photocatalytic reduction of O2to H_(2)O_(2)and oxidation of biomass using the atomic rubidium-nitride modified carbon nitride(CNRb).The optimized CNRb catalyst demonstrates a record photoreduction rate of 8.01 mM h^(-1)for H_(2)O_(2)generation and photooxidation rate of 3.75 mM h^(-1)for furfuryl alcohol to furoic acid,achieving a remarkable solar-to-chemical conversion(SCC)efficiency of up to 2.27%.Experimental characterizations and DFT calculation disclosed that the introducing atomic Rb–N configurations allows for the high-selective generation of superoxide radicals while suppressing hydroxyl free radical formation.This is because the Rb–N serves as the new alternative site to perceive a stronger connection position for O2adsorption and reinforce the capability to extract protons,thereby triggering a high selective redox product formation.This study holds great potential in precisely regulating reactive radical processes at the atomic level,thereby paving the way for efficient synthesis of H_(2)O_(2)coupled with biomass valorization.展开更多
Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation to high-value chemicals provides a sustainable route for biomass valorization.NiCo-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for glucose oxidation reaction owing to the in...Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation to high-value chemicals provides a sustainable route for biomass valorization.NiCo-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for glucose oxidation reaction owing to the intrinsic activity of Ni and Co catalytic centers.However,the dynamic evolution and atomic-scale synergy between these centers remain elusive.Herein,we fabricated NiCo_(2)O_(4)nanosheets supported on nickel foam,where Ni preferentially occupies tetrahedral sites to regulate the electronic configuration of octahedral Co.Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the incorporation of tetrahedral Ni induces low-to-intermediate spin transition in octahedral Co,thereby optimizing eg orbital occupancy and stabilizing active sites.This spin-state engineering establishes Ni-Co synergistic catalytic centers for the selective oxidation of glucose to formate(FA).At higher potential(≥1.4 V vs.RHE),octahedral Co undergoes reconstruction into excessive active CoOOH and CoO_(2)species,resulting in glucose overoxidation to CO_(2)and intensified competitive oxygen evolution.In contrast,at lower potentials(<1.4 V vs.RHE),tetrahedral Ni facilitates electron delocalization across the Ni–O–Co lattice,thereby stabilizing octahedral Co for glucose adsorption and oxidation.Subsequently,a coupled electrocatalytic system was constructed,achieving 80.7%FA yield with 91.3%Faradaic efficiency(FE)at NiCo_(2)O_(4)anode and H2 evolution rate of 696μmol h^(−1)with 99.9%FE at Pt cathode for 2 h under 1.35 V vs.RHE.This work provides a deep insight into spin-state regulation of the catalytic center,offering valuable guidance for rational catalyst design.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The appro...Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The approach to biomass,as the only true full-scale alternative to fossil resources,is progressing rapidly.Converting biomass into furanic compounds,as versatile platform chemicals for synthesizing a wide range of bio-based products is the cornerstone of sustainable technologies.The extensive body of this review combines the biomass valorization to furanic compounds by CO_(2)utilization and furanic compounds conversion by CO_(2)fixation.These processes can be strategically applied through both‘thermochemical’and‘electrochemical’pathways,by utilizing CO_(2)from the atmosphere or industrial emission point and returning it to the natural carbon cycle.In the thermochemical pathway CO_(2)acts as a carbon source(carboxylation and polymerization)or active reaction assistant in the biomass conversion(CO_(2)-assisted conversion),without altering its oxidation state,facilitating the synthesis of valuable products and polymers.Conversely,in the electrochemical pathway,CO_(2)can be used as a carbon source(electrocarboxylation)to give the corresponding carboxylic acid,or it can undergo reduction,yielding methanol,carbon monoxide(CO),formic acid,and analogous compounds,while on the other side,furanic compounds undergo oxidation yielding high-value-added chemicals.Finally,potential future research directions are suggested to promote CO_(2)utilization and fixation in the valorization of biomass-derived furanic compounds,and challenges facing further research are highlighted.展开更多
Honey locust （Gleditsia triacanthos L.）, also called sweet-locust or thorny-locust, is a moderately fast growing tree. It is widely planted for windbreaks and soil erosion control and largely recommended like food o...Honey locust （Gleditsia triacanthos L.）, also called sweet-locust or thorny-locust, is a moderately fast growing tree. It is widely planted for windbreaks and soil erosion control and largely recommended like food of cattle since it can provide a source of fodder, protein and metabolic energy. Its flowers are incredibly attractive for pollinating insects and thus, form a source of pollen and nectar for honey. This tree was introduced in Europe in 1700 and was introduced by the colonists into Algeria in 1949. In order to valorize the natural substances of this species, the evaluation of the composition of its fruits （pods and seeds separately） in polyphenols, condensed tannins and hydrolysable tannins, which considered as anti-nutritional substances has been done. The obtained results showed that the fruits of Gleditsia triacanthos L. contain very low values in anti-nutritional factors with （0.13%-0.03%） of condensed tannins, （0.78%-0.45%） of hydrolysable tannins and （0.44%-0.16%） of total phenols for pods and seeds, respectively. It arises that these fruits can be of a great interest for many industries especially for feedstock.展开更多
Developing efficient approaches for lignin upgrading is of interest for the industrial production of chemicals and fuels from renewable biomass.Electrocatalytic lignin upgrading powered by renewable electricity operat...Developing efficient approaches for lignin upgrading is of interest for the industrial production of chemicals and fuels from renewable biomass.Electrocatalytic lignin upgrading powered by renewable electricity operating under gentle conditions(at or near ambient pressures and temperatures)enables a decentralized production of chemicals and fuels.Herein,we will cover the structures of lignin and review the recent advances in the electrocatalytic lignin upgrade,the electrocatalytic depolymerization of lignin,and the electrocatalytic upgrading of lignin monomers to value-added chemicals and fuels.Finally,we provide insights into the main challenges and future perspectives of this field.展开更多
Mine waste and process tailings storage is one of important challenge for which mining operations are increasingly confronted. Treatment discharges of plants and main part of waste rock development are generally store...Mine waste and process tailings storage is one of important challenge for which mining operations are increasingly confronted. Treatment discharges of plants and main part of waste rock development are generally stored on surface areas. The volume and chemical characteristics of these materials generate serious problem for required storage spaces and mainly environmental degradation. Paste backfill(PBF) is one of ingenious solutions to minimize the quantity of tailings to store. PBF is basically defined as a combination of mine processing tailings, binder, and water mixing. The purpose of this paper is to present backfilling components characterization and formula verification for a waste valorization solution through paste backfilling technology in Imiter operation. Obtained results and realized analysis demonstrate PBF conformity and adequacy with assigned underground functions. However the studied recipe can be more ameliorated to obtain an optimal mixture ensuring the required mechanical strength.展开更多
The unique composition of milk makes this basic foodstuff into an exceptional raw material for the production of new ingredients with desired properties and diverse applications in the food industry. The fractionation...The unique composition of milk makes this basic foodstuff into an exceptional raw material for the production of new ingredients with desired properties and diverse applications in the food industry. The fractionation of milk is the key in the development of those ingredients and products;hence continuous research and development on this field, especially various levels of fractionation and separation by filtration, have been carried out. This review focuses on the production of milk fractions as well as their particular properties, applications and processes that increase their exploitation. Whey proteins and caseins from the protein fraction are excellent emulsifiers and protein supplements. Besides, they can be chemically or enzymatically modified to obtain bioactive peptides with numerous functional and nutritional properties. In this context, valorization techniques of cheese-whey proteins, by-product of dairy industry that constitutes both economic and environmental problems, are being developed. Phospholipids from the milk fat fraction are powerful emulsifiers and also have exclusive nutraceutical properties. In addition, enzyme modification of milk phospholipids makes it possible to tailor emulsifiers with particular properties. However, several aspects remain to be overcome;those refer to a deeper understanding of the healthy, functional and nutritional properties of these new ingredients that might be barriers for its use and acceptability. Additionally, in this review, alternative applications of milk constituents in the non-food area such as in the manufacture of plastic materials and textile fibers are also introduced. The unmet needs, the cross-fertilization in between various protein domains,the carbon footprint requirements, the environmental necessities, the health and wellness new demand, etc., are dominant factors in the search for innovation approaches;these factors are also outlining the further innovation potential deriving from those “apparent” constrains obliging science and technology to take them into account.展开更多
The utilization of fossil fuels has brought unprecedented prosperity and development to human society,but also caused environmental pollution and global warming triggered by excess greenhouse gases emission.For one th...The utilization of fossil fuels has brought unprecedented prosperity and development to human society,but also caused environmental pollution and global warming triggered by excess greenhouse gases emission.For one thing,the excess emission of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),which has a negative impact on global temperature and ocean acidity,needs to be controlled.For another,the depletion of fossil fuels will eventually force people to seek alternative carbon sources to maintain a sustainable economy.Thus,using renewable energy to convert CO_(2) and biomass into value-added chemicals and fuels is a promising method to overcome urgent problems.The hy-drogenation of CO_(2) is very important to mitigate the greenhouse effect caused by CO_(2),while biomass conversion can produce alternative renewable biofuels and green chemicals.As a kind of promising catalyst,heterogeneous single-atom catalyst(SAC)has received extensive attention in the past decades.SACs combine the advantages of homogeneous catalysts with uniform active sites and heterogeneous catalysts that are easily separable.In this review,we will give a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in CO_(2) selective hydrogenation and biomass conversion via SACs.展开更多
Plastic waste is an underutilized resource that has the potential to be transformed into value-added materials.However,its chemical diversity leads to cost-intensive sorting techniques,limiting recycling and upcycling...Plastic waste is an underutilized resource that has the potential to be transformed into value-added materials.However,its chemical diversity leads to cost-intensive sorting techniques,limiting recycling and upcycling opportunities.Herein,we report an open-loop recycling method to produce graded feedstock from mixed polyolefins waste,which makes up 60%of total plastic waste.The method uses heat flow scanning to quantify the composition of plastic waste and resolves its compatibility through controlled dissolution.The resulting feedstock is then used to synthesize blended pellets,porous sorbents,and superhydrophobic coatings via thermally induced phase separation and spin-casting.The hybrid approach broadens the opportunities for reusing plastic waste,which is a step towards creating a more circular economy and better waste management practices.展开更多
Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)is a woody wine plant with a peculiar fruit enriched in important health-promoting compounds.The non-editable part of the fruit,i.e.,the seed and peel,represents more than 60%of the fruit and is ...Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)is a woody wine plant with a peculiar fruit enriched in important health-promoting compounds.The non-editable part of the fruit,i.e.,the seed and peel,represents more than 60%of the fruit and is considered a biowaste.This significantly restricts the development of the K.coccinea fruit industry.Clarifying the metabolic components of the different fruit parts can help to improve the utilization rate and valorization of K.coccinea.Herein,we evaluated K.coccinea fruit peel,pulp,and seed using widely-targeted metabolomics and quantified a set of 736 bioactive compounds from 11 major metabolite classes.The most prominent metabolite classes included lipids,amino acids,flavonoids,and lignans.Furthermore,our results emphasized a significant accumulation of flavonoids in pulp tissues,while alkaloids and lignans were abundant in peel and seed tissues,respectively.A total of 183 metabolites were differentially accumulated among the three tissues.Procyanidin C2,rutinoside,2-hydroxyoleanolic acid,5-hydroxymethyluracil,nootkatol,isoquercitrin,isohyperoside,quercetin-7-O-glucoside,hyperin,and rutin showed elevated accumulation in the peel.In the seed,kadsuralignan G,kadcoccilactone A,kadsuralignan H,lysoPE 20:5,iso-schisandrin ethyl alcohol,and kadangustin were significantly enriched.Our results highlight the diverse metabolome composition of K.coccinea fruit parts,which can be further exploited for its valorization in various industries.展开更多
One of the biggest challenges for organizations, cities and countries is waste management. Currently, 1.3 million tons of solid wastes are generated in the cities and by 2025 it is estimated that this volume will incr...One of the biggest challenges for organizations, cities and countries is waste management. Currently, 1.3 million tons of solid wastes are generated in the cities and by 2025 it is estimated that this volume will increase up to 2.2 billion tons. Considering this, it is clear that strategies for the reduction of waste generation are needed. In order to achieve this arduous and critic task changes in education, culture and public policy are required and one of the strategies that emerge as one of the most effective is the “zero waste” programs. This paper shows the foundation of a zero waste program based on previous and successful experiences in institutions of higher education. It presents the characterization and quantification of waste, as well as the valorization of it and potential environmental and economic benefits of the implementation of this kind of programs in higher education institutions. Results show that reduction and valorization of waste generation is possible in academic sectors while other outcomes emerge, such as the generation of human capital for the implementation of this kind of programs in different sectors of society and, in that way, contribute in the transition towards sustainable development.展开更多
Two samples clayed materials, LO and NG from central region in Cameroon were characterized for their valorization in the manufacture of refractory bricks and ceramics. In order to assess the technological properties o...Two samples clayed materials, LO and NG from central region in Cameroon were characterized for their valorization in the manufacture of refractory bricks and ceramics. In order to assess the technological properties of these clays, cooking tests were carried out on the test specimens at different temperatures. From particle size analysis, clayed materials studied have a spreading particle size and their plasticity index is between 18 and 47. The mineralogical study reveals the presence of Quartz, illite, kaolin, hematite and feldspars. High level of silica content explains the sandy nature of these clays. Linear shrinkage and density increase with temperature while compressive strength decreases with temperature. Analyses performed on the ceramic specimens after firing show that clay materials studied are suitable for the manufacture of refractory bricks.展开更多
文摘Directed degradation of abundant renewable lignin into small aromatic compounds is crucial for lignin valorization but challenging.The degradation of lignin in natural environments typically involves multienzyme synergy.However,the proteinaceous characteristics of lignin-degrading enzymes restrict their accessibility to certain regions of intricate lignin,resulting in the multienzyme systems being unable to fully demonstrate their effectiveness.Herein,a de novo biomimetic enzyme-nanozyme hybrid system was constructed by combiningλ-MnO_(2) nanozyme with laccase CotA from Bacillus subtilis,aimed at facilitating lignin degradation under mild conditions.The lignin degradation rate of the CotA+λ-MnO_(2) hybrid system was determined to be 25.15%,which was much higher than those of the lignin degradation systems with only laccase CotA(15.32%)orλ-MnO_(2) nanozyme(14.90%).Notably,the proportion of aromatic chemicals in the products derived from the hybrid system reached as much as 48%,which was 41.2%and 118.2%higher than those of the CotA-andλ-MnO_(2)-catalyzed systems,respectively.Analysis of products mapping and lignin structure changes suggested that the higher proportion of aromatic compounds in the CotA+λ-MnO_(2)hybrid system was more likely to benefit from the laccase-mediated methoxylation.Moreover,electron paramagnetic resonance analysis indicated that the intensity and kind of free radicals such as·OH and·O_(2)^(-)are closely linked to the degradation rate and reaction type.This work is the inaugural application of an enzyme-nanozyme hybrid system for lignin degradation,demonstrating the potential of the synergistic interaction between enzyme and nanozyme in the directed degradation of lignin.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278189,22478154)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Jiangnan University,JUSRP202501024)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,the 111 Project(No.111-2-06)。
文摘The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions necessitates innovative approaches to biomass utilization.This study introduces a comprehensive biorefinery model that valorizes poplar biomass into high-value products,including ethanol,furfural,phenol,and biochar.These products not only serve as promising sources for biofuel and renewable chemicals but also contribute to pollution mitigation.The approach employs a biphasic pretreatment system utilizing p-toluenesulfonic acid,pentanol,and AlCl_(3) under optimized conditions(120℃ for 45 min),achieving remarkable efficiencies of 95.8%xylan removal,90.2%delignification,and 90.7%glucan recovery.The underlying mechanism,elucidated through density functional theory,demonstrates how the disruption of lignin-carbohydrate complexes via electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions enhances product yields.The cellulose-rich substrate yielded 71.3 g/L ethanol,while solubilized xylan converted to 86.7%furfural without additional acid.Furthermore,lignin pyrolysis produced bio-oil containing over 45.2%phenolic compounds,while biochar demonstrated significant adsorptive capacity for perfluorooctanoic acid.Scaling this biorefinery model to process 140 million tons of poplar biomass annually reduces CO_(2)emissions by 75.3 million tons and provides socioeconomic savings of $17.3 billion,supporting sustainable industrial transformation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22472069,22102064,and 22302080)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M760028).
文摘With global carbon emissions continuing to rise,carbon dioxide(CO_(2))capture and resource utilization have become central challenges in achieving the“dual carbon”goals(carbon peak and carbon neutrality).Traditional carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology can only temporarily sequester CO_(2),whereas emerging green catalytic technologies(photo/electro/thermal catalysis)enable the conversion of CO_(2) into high-value chemicals(e.g.,fuels,pharmaceutical intermediates),advancing the closure of the artificial carbon cycle[1,2].
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22309032,22109120,and 62104170)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515011737)+2 种基金Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(2023A04J1395)GDAS’Project of Science and Technology Development(2021GDASYL-20210102010)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY23F040001)。
文摘Photocatalytic oxygen reduction for hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))synthesis presents a green and costeffective production method.However,achieving highly selective H_(2)O_(2)synthesis remains challenging,necessitating precise control over free radical reaction pathways and minimizing undesirable oxidative by-products.Herein,we report for the visible light-driven simultaneous co-photocatalytic reduction of O2to H_(2)O_(2)and oxidation of biomass using the atomic rubidium-nitride modified carbon nitride(CNRb).The optimized CNRb catalyst demonstrates a record photoreduction rate of 8.01 mM h^(-1)for H_(2)O_(2)generation and photooxidation rate of 3.75 mM h^(-1)for furfuryl alcohol to furoic acid,achieving a remarkable solar-to-chemical conversion(SCC)efficiency of up to 2.27%.Experimental characterizations and DFT calculation disclosed that the introducing atomic Rb–N configurations allows for the high-selective generation of superoxide radicals while suppressing hydroxyl free radical formation.This is because the Rb–N serves as the new alternative site to perceive a stronger connection position for O2adsorption and reinforce the capability to extract protons,thereby triggering a high selective redox product formation.This study holds great potential in precisely regulating reactive radical processes at the atomic level,thereby paving the way for efficient synthesis of H_(2)O_(2)coupled with biomass valorization.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22472199)Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (15055009)Central University Guided Funds for Building World-Class Universities (Disciplines) and Advancing Characteristic Development
文摘Electrocatalytic glucose oxidation to high-value chemicals provides a sustainable route for biomass valorization.NiCo-based catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for glucose oxidation reaction owing to the intrinsic activity of Ni and Co catalytic centers.However,the dynamic evolution and atomic-scale synergy between these centers remain elusive.Herein,we fabricated NiCo_(2)O_(4)nanosheets supported on nickel foam,where Ni preferentially occupies tetrahedral sites to regulate the electronic configuration of octahedral Co.Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the incorporation of tetrahedral Ni induces low-to-intermediate spin transition in octahedral Co,thereby optimizing eg orbital occupancy and stabilizing active sites.This spin-state engineering establishes Ni-Co synergistic catalytic centers for the selective oxidation of glucose to formate(FA).At higher potential(≥1.4 V vs.RHE),octahedral Co undergoes reconstruction into excessive active CoOOH and CoO_(2)species,resulting in glucose overoxidation to CO_(2)and intensified competitive oxygen evolution.In contrast,at lower potentials(<1.4 V vs.RHE),tetrahedral Ni facilitates electron delocalization across the Ni–O–Co lattice,thereby stabilizing octahedral Co for glucose adsorption and oxidation.Subsequently,a coupled electrocatalytic system was constructed,achieving 80.7%FA yield with 91.3%Faradaic efficiency(FE)at NiCo_(2)O_(4)anode and H2 evolution rate of 696μmol h^(−1)with 99.9%FE at Pt cathode for 2 h under 1.35 V vs.RHE.This work provides a deep insight into spin-state regulation of the catalytic center,offering valuable guidance for rational catalyst design.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFC2101604)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23A20123,22278339)+1 种基金Fujian Provincial Key Science and Technology Program of China(No.2022YZ037013)Xiamen University for the financial support.
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO_(2))is the main greenhouse gas(GHG)released by human activities.The substitution of fossil resources by biomass as a bio-renewable resource,has significant potential to reduce GHG emissions.The approach to biomass,as the only true full-scale alternative to fossil resources,is progressing rapidly.Converting biomass into furanic compounds,as versatile platform chemicals for synthesizing a wide range of bio-based products is the cornerstone of sustainable technologies.The extensive body of this review combines the biomass valorization to furanic compounds by CO_(2)utilization and furanic compounds conversion by CO_(2)fixation.These processes can be strategically applied through both‘thermochemical’and‘electrochemical’pathways,by utilizing CO_(2)from the atmosphere or industrial emission point and returning it to the natural carbon cycle.In the thermochemical pathway CO_(2)acts as a carbon source(carboxylation and polymerization)or active reaction assistant in the biomass conversion(CO_(2)-assisted conversion),without altering its oxidation state,facilitating the synthesis of valuable products and polymers.Conversely,in the electrochemical pathway,CO_(2)can be used as a carbon source(electrocarboxylation)to give the corresponding carboxylic acid,or it can undergo reduction,yielding methanol,carbon monoxide(CO),formic acid,and analogous compounds,while on the other side,furanic compounds undergo oxidation yielding high-value-added chemicals.Finally,potential future research directions are suggested to promote CO_(2)utilization and fixation in the valorization of biomass-derived furanic compounds,and challenges facing further research are highlighted.
文摘Honey locust （Gleditsia triacanthos L.）, also called sweet-locust or thorny-locust, is a moderately fast growing tree. It is widely planted for windbreaks and soil erosion control and largely recommended like food of cattle since it can provide a source of fodder, protein and metabolic energy. Its flowers are incredibly attractive for pollinating insects and thus, form a source of pollen and nectar for honey. This tree was introduced in Europe in 1700 and was introduced by the colonists into Algeria in 1949. In order to valorize the natural substances of this species, the evaluation of the composition of its fruits （pods and seeds separately） in polyphenols, condensed tannins and hydrolysable tannins, which considered as anti-nutritional substances has been done. The obtained results showed that the fruits of Gleditsia triacanthos L. contain very low values in anti-nutritional factors with （0.13%-0.03%） of condensed tannins, （0.78%-0.45%） of hydrolysable tannins and （0.44%-0.16%） of total phenols for pods and seeds, respectively. It arises that these fruits can be of a great interest for many industries especially for feedstock.
文摘Developing efficient approaches for lignin upgrading is of interest for the industrial production of chemicals and fuels from renewable biomass.Electrocatalytic lignin upgrading powered by renewable electricity operating under gentle conditions(at or near ambient pressures and temperatures)enables a decentralized production of chemicals and fuels.Herein,we will cover the structures of lignin and review the recent advances in the electrocatalytic lignin upgrade,the electrocatalytic depolymerization of lignin,and the electrocatalytic upgrading of lignin monomers to value-added chemicals and fuels.Finally,we provide insights into the main challenges and future perspectives of this field.
文摘Mine waste and process tailings storage is one of important challenge for which mining operations are increasingly confronted. Treatment discharges of plants and main part of waste rock development are generally stored on surface areas. The volume and chemical characteristics of these materials generate serious problem for required storage spaces and mainly environmental degradation. Paste backfill(PBF) is one of ingenious solutions to minimize the quantity of tailings to store. PBF is basically defined as a combination of mine processing tailings, binder, and water mixing. The purpose of this paper is to present backfilling components characterization and formula verification for a waste valorization solution through paste backfilling technology in Imiter operation. Obtained results and realized analysis demonstrate PBF conformity and adequacy with assigned underground functions. However the studied recipe can be more ameliorated to obtain an optimal mixture ensuring the required mechanical strength.
文摘The unique composition of milk makes this basic foodstuff into an exceptional raw material for the production of new ingredients with desired properties and diverse applications in the food industry. The fractionation of milk is the key in the development of those ingredients and products;hence continuous research and development on this field, especially various levels of fractionation and separation by filtration, have been carried out. This review focuses on the production of milk fractions as well as their particular properties, applications and processes that increase their exploitation. Whey proteins and caseins from the protein fraction are excellent emulsifiers and protein supplements. Besides, they can be chemically or enzymatically modified to obtain bioactive peptides with numerous functional and nutritional properties. In this context, valorization techniques of cheese-whey proteins, by-product of dairy industry that constitutes both economic and environmental problems, are being developed. Phospholipids from the milk fat fraction are powerful emulsifiers and also have exclusive nutraceutical properties. In addition, enzyme modification of milk phospholipids makes it possible to tailor emulsifiers with particular properties. However, several aspects remain to be overcome;those refer to a deeper understanding of the healthy, functional and nutritional properties of these new ingredients that might be barriers for its use and acceptability. Additionally, in this review, alternative applications of milk constituents in the non-food area such as in the manufacture of plastic materials and textile fibers are also introduced. The unmet needs, the cross-fertilization in between various protein domains,the carbon footprint requirements, the environmental necessities, the health and wellness new demand, etc., are dominant factors in the search for innovation approaches;these factors are also outlining the further innovation potential deriving from those “apparent” constrains obliging science and technology to take them into account.
基金supported financially by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3501900)National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(21908079,U21A20326,22202105,22072118,22121001)+3 种基金Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor(1046010241211400)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211239,BK20210608)National High-Level Young Talents Program,the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Dalian University of Technology(KF2005)Special Fund Project of Jiangsu Province for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality(BK20220023).
文摘The utilization of fossil fuels has brought unprecedented prosperity and development to human society,but also caused environmental pollution and global warming triggered by excess greenhouse gases emission.For one thing,the excess emission of carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),which has a negative impact on global temperature and ocean acidity,needs to be controlled.For another,the depletion of fossil fuels will eventually force people to seek alternative carbon sources to maintain a sustainable economy.Thus,using renewable energy to convert CO_(2) and biomass into value-added chemicals and fuels is a promising method to overcome urgent problems.The hy-drogenation of CO_(2) is very important to mitigate the greenhouse effect caused by CO_(2),while biomass conversion can produce alternative renewable biofuels and green chemicals.As a kind of promising catalyst,heterogeneous single-atom catalyst(SAC)has received extensive attention in the past decades.SACs combine the advantages of homogeneous catalysts with uniform active sites and heterogeneous catalysts that are easily separable.In this review,we will give a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in CO_(2) selective hydrogenation and biomass conversion via SACs.
基金NPRP grant number NPRP12S-0325-190443 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation)
文摘Plastic waste is an underutilized resource that has the potential to be transformed into value-added materials.However,its chemical diversity leads to cost-intensive sorting techniques,limiting recycling and upcycling opportunities.Herein,we report an open-loop recycling method to produce graded feedstock from mixed polyolefins waste,which makes up 60%of total plastic waste.The method uses heat flow scanning to quantify the composition of plastic waste and resolves its compatibility through controlled dissolution.The resulting feedstock is then used to synthesize blended pellets,porous sorbents,and superhydrophobic coatings via thermally induced phase separation and spin-casting.The hybrid approach broadens the opportunities for reusing plastic waste,which is a step towards creating a more circular economy and better waste management practices.
文摘Kadsura coccinea(Lem.)is a woody wine plant with a peculiar fruit enriched in important health-promoting compounds.The non-editable part of the fruit,i.e.,the seed and peel,represents more than 60%of the fruit and is considered a biowaste.This significantly restricts the development of the K.coccinea fruit industry.Clarifying the metabolic components of the different fruit parts can help to improve the utilization rate and valorization of K.coccinea.Herein,we evaluated K.coccinea fruit peel,pulp,and seed using widely-targeted metabolomics and quantified a set of 736 bioactive compounds from 11 major metabolite classes.The most prominent metabolite classes included lipids,amino acids,flavonoids,and lignans.Furthermore,our results emphasized a significant accumulation of flavonoids in pulp tissues,while alkaloids and lignans were abundant in peel and seed tissues,respectively.A total of 183 metabolites were differentially accumulated among the three tissues.Procyanidin C2,rutinoside,2-hydroxyoleanolic acid,5-hydroxymethyluracil,nootkatol,isoquercitrin,isohyperoside,quercetin-7-O-glucoside,hyperin,and rutin showed elevated accumulation in the peel.In the seed,kadsuralignan G,kadcoccilactone A,kadsuralignan H,lysoPE 20:5,iso-schisandrin ethyl alcohol,and kadangustin were significantly enriched.Our results highlight the diverse metabolome composition of K.coccinea fruit parts,which can be further exploited for its valorization in various industries.
文摘One of the biggest challenges for organizations, cities and countries is waste management. Currently, 1.3 million tons of solid wastes are generated in the cities and by 2025 it is estimated that this volume will increase up to 2.2 billion tons. Considering this, it is clear that strategies for the reduction of waste generation are needed. In order to achieve this arduous and critic task changes in education, culture and public policy are required and one of the strategies that emerge as one of the most effective is the “zero waste” programs. This paper shows the foundation of a zero waste program based on previous and successful experiences in institutions of higher education. It presents the characterization and quantification of waste, as well as the valorization of it and potential environmental and economic benefits of the implementation of this kind of programs in higher education institutions. Results show that reduction and valorization of waste generation is possible in academic sectors while other outcomes emerge, such as the generation of human capital for the implementation of this kind of programs in different sectors of society and, in that way, contribute in the transition towards sustainable development.
文摘Two samples clayed materials, LO and NG from central region in Cameroon were characterized for their valorization in the manufacture of refractory bricks and ceramics. In order to assess the technological properties of these clays, cooking tests were carried out on the test specimens at different temperatures. From particle size analysis, clayed materials studied have a spreading particle size and their plasticity index is between 18 and 47. The mineralogical study reveals the presence of Quartz, illite, kaolin, hematite and feldspars. High level of silica content explains the sandy nature of these clays. Linear shrinkage and density increase with temperature while compressive strength decreases with temperature. Analyses performed on the ceramic specimens after firing show that clay materials studied are suitable for the manufacture of refractory bricks.
