[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of special use level of antibiotics in clinic and delay the emergence of drug resistance.[Methods]The application of antibiotics for special use among i...[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of special use level of antibiotics in clinic and delay the emergence of drug resistance.[Methods]The application of antibiotics for special use among inpatients of a hospital in 2019 was analyzed.The data in the drug information management system of the hospital were queried,and the collected expert consultation records of special-use antibiotics were sorted out.Indicators including the use rate of special-use antibiotics,antibiotic use density(AUD),defined daily dose system(DDDs)and defined daily dose system cost(DDDc)of each drug,the annual pathogen detection rate,disease distribution and pathogenic microorganism detection were summarized and analyzed for inpatients in the hospital retrospectively.[Results]In 2019,the average annual use rate of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was 1.53%,and the average annual use density was 1.59 DDDs.The antibiotics with the top three DDDs were imipenem and cilastatin,meropenem and cefepime.The antibiotics with the top three DDDc were voriconazole dispersible tablets,voriconazole for injection,and meropenem for injection.The average annual detection rate of microorganisms was 85.77%.The diseases were mainly diagnosed as respiratory infections such as pneumonia and secondary infections after radiotherapy and chemotherapy before medication,and the detected pathogens were mainly Candida and its subspecies,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella and its subspecies.[Conclusions]The clinical use of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was basically reasonable,but there were still some problems.It is necessary to increase management efforts,strengthen training for relevant medical personnel,and provide management ideas for further standardizing the use of antibiotics in the hospital.展开更多
Remote sensing technique has played an important role in land use dynamic monitoring, but as for the land use dynamic monitoring at county level, traditional remote sensing methods such as satellite imagery visual int...Remote sensing technique has played an important role in land use dynamic monitoring, but as for the land use dynamic monitoring at county level, traditional remote sensing methods such as satellite imagery visual interpretation and computer classification can not meet its demand for accuracy. The result of 1:10 000 land use investigation map has high accuracy, but this method can not be used to dynamically monitor the land use because of its big expenses, long period and difficulty in updating data. In this paper, the characteristics of physiognomy, climate and the status of land use in Dehui County are taken into consideration and a set of method, which takes use of 3S techniques and applies to Northeast China Plain, is come up with. When the land use type of a land parcel changed as a whole, the date updating can be make by changing its land type ID in the attribute table in a GIS. When the land use type of an irregular area changed, GPS receivers are used to position its border. This set of method is characteristic of high accuracy and low expenses. It gets the information of land use change timely and can be used to dynamically monitor the land use. .展开更多
AIM：To detect the impact of insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1）and other risk factors for the early prediction of retinopathy of prematurity（ROP）and to establish a scoring system for ROP prediction by using clini...AIM：To detect the impact of insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1）and other risk factors for the early prediction of retinopathy of prematurity（ROP）and to establish a scoring system for ROP prediction by using clinical criteria and serum IGF-1 levels.METHODS：The study was conducted with 127 preterm infants.IGF-1 levels in the 1st day of life,1st,2nd,3rd and4th week of life was analyzed.The score was established after logistic regression analysis,considering the impact of each variable on the occurrences of any stage ROP.A validation cohort containing 107 preterm infants was included in the study and the predictive ability of ROP score was calculated.RESULTS：Birth weights（BW）,gestational weeks（GW）and the prevalence of breast milk consumption were lower,respiratory distress syndrome（RDS）,bronchopulmonarydysplasia（BPD）and necrotizing enterocolitis（NEC）were more frequent,the duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation was longer in patients with ROP（P〈0.05）.Initial serum IGF-1 levels tended to be lower in newborns who developed ROP.Logistic regression analysis revealed that low BW（〈1250 g）,presence of intraventricular hemorrhage（IVH）and formula feeding increased the risk of ROP.Afterwards,the scoring system was validated on 107 infants.The negative predictive values of a score less than 4 were 84.3%,74.7%and 79.8%while positive predictive values were 76.3%,65.5%and71.6%respectively.CONCLUSION：In addition to BW〈1250 g and IVH,formula consumption was detected as a risk factor for the development of ROP.Breastfeeding is important for prevention of ROP in preterm infants.展开更多
Teachers and textbooks are two important elements in curriculum implementation.Based on Concerns-Based Adoption Model(CBAM),a curriculum implementation measurement model designed by G.Hall and S.M.Hord,this paper anal...Teachers and textbooks are two important elements in curriculum implementation.Based on Concerns-Based Adoption Model(CBAM),a curriculum implementation measurement model designed by G.Hall and S.M.Hord,this paper analyzes the general process of curriculum implementation in terms of textbook use,establishes a model that gauges the level of textbook use and thus improves TC component check list designed by S.M.Hord.By studying five primary school math teachers,this paper measures their level of textbook use and makes a relevant comparative analysis.The result shows that the level of textbook use model is valid and accurate,and could therefore help improve teacher’s skill of textbook use and their professional development.展开更多
基金Supported by National TCM Advantage Speciality Construction Project:Clinical Pharmacy(GZYYYZH[2024]90)Guizhou Provincial Key Discipline Construction Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine:Clinical Traditional Chinese pharmacy(QZYYZDXK(JS)-2023-04).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of special use level of antibiotics in clinic and delay the emergence of drug resistance.[Methods]The application of antibiotics for special use among inpatients of a hospital in 2019 was analyzed.The data in the drug information management system of the hospital were queried,and the collected expert consultation records of special-use antibiotics were sorted out.Indicators including the use rate of special-use antibiotics,antibiotic use density(AUD),defined daily dose system(DDDs)and defined daily dose system cost(DDDc)of each drug,the annual pathogen detection rate,disease distribution and pathogenic microorganism detection were summarized and analyzed for inpatients in the hospital retrospectively.[Results]In 2019,the average annual use rate of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was 1.53%,and the average annual use density was 1.59 DDDs.The antibiotics with the top three DDDs were imipenem and cilastatin,meropenem and cefepime.The antibiotics with the top three DDDc were voriconazole dispersible tablets,voriconazole for injection,and meropenem for injection.The average annual detection rate of microorganisms was 85.77%.The diseases were mainly diagnosed as respiratory infections such as pneumonia and secondary infections after radiotherapy and chemotherapy before medication,and the detected pathogens were mainly Candida and its subspecies,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella and its subspecies.[Conclusions]The clinical use of special-use antibiotics in the hospital was basically reasonable,but there were still some problems.It is necessary to increase management efforts,strengthen training for relevant medical personnel,and provide management ideas for further standardizing the use of antibiotics in the hospital.
基金Under the auspices of the key project of the National Ninth Five-year Plan (96-B02-01-07).
文摘Remote sensing technique has played an important role in land use dynamic monitoring, but as for the land use dynamic monitoring at county level, traditional remote sensing methods such as satellite imagery visual interpretation and computer classification can not meet its demand for accuracy. The result of 1:10 000 land use investigation map has high accuracy, but this method can not be used to dynamically monitor the land use because of its big expenses, long period and difficulty in updating data. In this paper, the characteristics of physiognomy, climate and the status of land use in Dehui County are taken into consideration and a set of method, which takes use of 3S techniques and applies to Northeast China Plain, is come up with. When the land use type of a land parcel changed as a whole, the date updating can be make by changing its land type ID in the attribute table in a GIS. When the land use type of an irregular area changed, GPS receivers are used to position its border. This set of method is characteristic of high accuracy and low expenses. It gets the information of land use change timely and can be used to dynamically monitor the land use. .
文摘AIM：To detect the impact of insulin-like growth factor-1（IGF-1）and other risk factors for the early prediction of retinopathy of prematurity（ROP）and to establish a scoring system for ROP prediction by using clinical criteria and serum IGF-1 levels.METHODS：The study was conducted with 127 preterm infants.IGF-1 levels in the 1st day of life,1st,2nd,3rd and4th week of life was analyzed.The score was established after logistic regression analysis,considering the impact of each variable on the occurrences of any stage ROP.A validation cohort containing 107 preterm infants was included in the study and the predictive ability of ROP score was calculated.RESULTS：Birth weights（BW）,gestational weeks（GW）and the prevalence of breast milk consumption were lower,respiratory distress syndrome（RDS）,bronchopulmonarydysplasia（BPD）and necrotizing enterocolitis（NEC）were more frequent,the duration of mechanical ventilation and oxygen supplementation was longer in patients with ROP（P〈0.05）.Initial serum IGF-1 levels tended to be lower in newborns who developed ROP.Logistic regression analysis revealed that low BW（〈1250 g）,presence of intraventricular hemorrhage（IVH）and formula feeding increased the risk of ROP.Afterwards,the scoring system was validated on 107 infants.The negative predictive values of a score less than 4 were 84.3%,74.7%and 79.8%while positive predictive values were 76.3%,65.5%and71.6%respectively.CONCLUSION：In addition to BW〈1250 g and IVH,formula consumption was detected as a risk factor for the development of ROP.Breastfeeding is important for prevention of ROP in preterm infants.
文摘Teachers and textbooks are two important elements in curriculum implementation.Based on Concerns-Based Adoption Model(CBAM),a curriculum implementation measurement model designed by G.Hall and S.M.Hord,this paper analyzes the general process of curriculum implementation in terms of textbook use,establishes a model that gauges the level of textbook use and thus improves TC component check list designed by S.M.Hord.By studying five primary school math teachers,this paper measures their level of textbook use and makes a relevant comparative analysis.The result shows that the level of textbook use model is valid and accurate,and could therefore help improve teacher’s skill of textbook use and their professional development.
