With the rapid increase of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle(UAV) numbers,the contradiction between extensive flight demands and limited low-altitude airspace resources has become increasingly prominent.To ensure the safety a...With the rapid increase of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle(UAV) numbers,the contradiction between extensive flight demands and limited low-altitude airspace resources has become increasingly prominent.To ensure the safety and efficiency of low-altitude UAV operations,the low-altitude UAV public air route creatively proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) and supported by the Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC) has been gradually recognized.However,present planning research on UAV low-altitude air route is not enough to explore how to use the ground transportation infrastructure,how to closely combine the surface pattern characteristics,and how to form the mechanism of "network".Based on the solution proposed in the early stage and related researches,this paper further deepens the exploration of the low-altitude public air route network and the implementation of key technologies and steps with an actual case study in Tianjin,China.Firstly,a path-planning environment consisting of favorable spaces,obstacle spaces,and mobile communication spaces for UAV flights was pre-constructed.Subsequently,air routes were planned by using the conflict detection and path re-planning algorithm.Our study also assessed the network by computing the population exposure risk index(PERI) and found that the index value was greatly reduced after the construction of the network,indicating that the network can effectively reduce the operational risk.In this study,a low-altitude UAV air route network in an actual region was constructed using multidisciplinary approaches such as remote sensing,geographic information,aviation,and transportation;it indirectly verified the rationality of the outcomes.This can provide practical solutions to low-altitude traffic problems in urban areas.展开更多
Spatial and temporal informationon urban infrastructure is essential and requires various land-cover/land-use planning and management applications.Besides,a change in infrastructure has a direct impact on other land-c...Spatial and temporal informationon urban infrastructure is essential and requires various land-cover/land-use planning and management applications.Besides,a change in infrastructure has a direct impact on other land-cover and climatic conditions.This study assessed changes in the rate and spatial distribution of Peshawar district’s infrastructure and its effects on Land Surface Temperature(LST)during the years 1996 and 2019.For this purpose,firstly,satellite images of bands7 and 8 ETM+(Enhanced Thematic Mapper)plus and OLI(Operational Land Imager)of 30 m resolution were taken.Secondly,for classification and image processing,remote sensing(RS)applications ENVI(Environment for Visualising Images)and GIS(Geographic Information System)were used.Thirdly,for better visualization and more in-depth analysis of land sat images,pre-processing techniques were employed.For Land use and Land cover(LU/LC)four types of land cover areas were identified-vegetation area,water cover,urbanized area,and infertile land for the years under research.The composition of red,green,and near infra-red bands was used for supervised classification.Classified images were extracted for analyzing the relative infrastructure change.A comparative analysis for the classification of images is performed for SVM(Support Vector Machine)and ANN(Artificial Neural Network).Based on analyzing these images,the result shows the rise in the average temperature from 30.04℃ to 45.25℃.This only possible reason is the increase in the built-up area from 78.73 to 332.78 Area km^(2) from 1996 to 2019.It has also been witnessed that the city’s sides are hotter than the city’s center due to the barren land on the borders.展开更多
城市绿色基础设施(Urban Green Infrastructure,UGI)的广泛应用,正在持续重塑全球城市景观,对城市生态系统服务产生重要影响。成都作为紧邻川西高原的内陆盆地城市,其城市景观在UGI构成的多样性等方面与中国其他城市具有显著差异。以成...城市绿色基础设施(Urban Green Infrastructure,UGI)的广泛应用,正在持续重塑全球城市景观,对城市生态系统服务产生重要影响。成都作为紧邻川西高原的内陆盆地城市,其城市景观在UGI构成的多样性等方面与中国其他城市具有显著差异。以成都城市景观为中心展开综合调查,使用地理信息系统、生态服务建模和空间分析来量化UGI对生态服务的影响,并采用系统化方法将UGI整合到优化城市生态系统服务的规划建议中,为快速城市化中的成都主城区UGI空间布局优化,特别是空间聚集程度冷点区域改善,提供具体的解决策略。总结出三个关键趋势:(1)成都市的土地利用发生了重大变化,以城市区域绿色空间的显著缩小和建设用地的显著扩大为特征,主要归因于人口增长和土地利用模式的变化;(2)空间聚集程度热点和冷点的调查分析显示,主城区大多数温度冷点位于成都的东部,而基于其价值的热点最高集中度位于南部地区;(3)对UGI内碳密度的分析显示,生态系统服务集中度的峰值出现在城市中心区域。展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2017YFB0503005Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.ZDRW-KT-2020-2+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971359,No.41771388Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Project Technology of Intelligent Networking by Autonomous Control UAVs for Observation and Application,No.Tianjin-IMP-2。
文摘With the rapid increase of Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle(UAV) numbers,the contradiction between extensive flight demands and limited low-altitude airspace resources has become increasingly prominent.To ensure the safety and efficiency of low-altitude UAV operations,the low-altitude UAV public air route creatively proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) and supported by the Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC) has been gradually recognized.However,present planning research on UAV low-altitude air route is not enough to explore how to use the ground transportation infrastructure,how to closely combine the surface pattern characteristics,and how to form the mechanism of "network".Based on the solution proposed in the early stage and related researches,this paper further deepens the exploration of the low-altitude public air route network and the implementation of key technologies and steps with an actual case study in Tianjin,China.Firstly,a path-planning environment consisting of favorable spaces,obstacle spaces,and mobile communication spaces for UAV flights was pre-constructed.Subsequently,air routes were planned by using the conflict detection and path re-planning algorithm.Our study also assessed the network by computing the population exposure risk index(PERI) and found that the index value was greatly reduced after the construction of the network,indicating that the network can effectively reduce the operational risk.In this study,a low-altitude UAV air route network in an actual region was constructed using multidisciplinary approaches such as remote sensing,geographic information,aviation,and transportation;it indirectly verified the rationality of the outcomes.This can provide practical solutions to low-altitude traffic problems in urban areas.
文摘Spatial and temporal informationon urban infrastructure is essential and requires various land-cover/land-use planning and management applications.Besides,a change in infrastructure has a direct impact on other land-cover and climatic conditions.This study assessed changes in the rate and spatial distribution of Peshawar district’s infrastructure and its effects on Land Surface Temperature(LST)during the years 1996 and 2019.For this purpose,firstly,satellite images of bands7 and 8 ETM+(Enhanced Thematic Mapper)plus and OLI(Operational Land Imager)of 30 m resolution were taken.Secondly,for classification and image processing,remote sensing(RS)applications ENVI(Environment for Visualising Images)and GIS(Geographic Information System)were used.Thirdly,for better visualization and more in-depth analysis of land sat images,pre-processing techniques were employed.For Land use and Land cover(LU/LC)four types of land cover areas were identified-vegetation area,water cover,urbanized area,and infertile land for the years under research.The composition of red,green,and near infra-red bands was used for supervised classification.Classified images were extracted for analyzing the relative infrastructure change.A comparative analysis for the classification of images is performed for SVM(Support Vector Machine)and ANN(Artificial Neural Network).Based on analyzing these images,the result shows the rise in the average temperature from 30.04℃ to 45.25℃.This only possible reason is the increase in the built-up area from 78.73 to 332.78 Area km^(2) from 1996 to 2019.It has also been witnessed that the city’s sides are hotter than the city’s center due to the barren land on the borders.
文摘城市绿色基础设施(Urban Green Infrastructure,UGI)的广泛应用,正在持续重塑全球城市景观,对城市生态系统服务产生重要影响。成都作为紧邻川西高原的内陆盆地城市,其城市景观在UGI构成的多样性等方面与中国其他城市具有显著差异。以成都城市景观为中心展开综合调查,使用地理信息系统、生态服务建模和空间分析来量化UGI对生态服务的影响,并采用系统化方法将UGI整合到优化城市生态系统服务的规划建议中,为快速城市化中的成都主城区UGI空间布局优化,特别是空间聚集程度冷点区域改善,提供具体的解决策略。总结出三个关键趋势:(1)成都市的土地利用发生了重大变化,以城市区域绿色空间的显著缩小和建设用地的显著扩大为特征,主要归因于人口增长和土地利用模式的变化;(2)空间聚集程度热点和冷点的调查分析显示,主城区大多数温度冷点位于成都的东部,而基于其价值的热点最高集中度位于南部地区;(3)对UGI内碳密度的分析显示,生态系统服务集中度的峰值出现在城市中心区域。
