This work discusses issues related to the impact of urbanization on the microphysical processes of precipitating systems associated with synoptic, mesoscale, and local scale systems. Among the issues addressed is the ...This work discusses issues related to the impact of urbanization on the microphysical processes of precipitating systems associated with synoptic, mesoscale, and local scale systems. Among the issues addressed is the impact of urban heat <span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">island (UHI) in S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center and urban densification (UD) in the</span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Metropolitan Area of S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo (MASP) on the microphysical, dynamic, and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> thermodynamic properties and distribution of precipitation and heavier rainfall from sea-breeze (SB) e cold-front (CF) combined during their space-time evolutions. For this purpose, it used four components: classification of hydrometeors with fuzzy logic, calculation of the raindrop diameters, an estimate of liquid water mass and ice mass from polarimetric-variables measured with dual-pola- rization X-band meteorological radar. The results indicated that urban densification (UD) and heat island (UHI) of the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center impact the formation of precipitation, liquid water mass, and ice mass, depth, and duration of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a thunderstorm. It was also observed the asymmetric configuration of the th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">understorm is induced by the strong convergence in the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center, and this strong convergence is induced by the intense heat island (UHI) in the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center. Was also observed that this event that is formed in the Metropolitan Area of S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span>o Paulo (MASP) depends on microphysical processes of mixed-phase of the cloud (water and ice) above the 0<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"="">°</span></span>C isotherm for the production of intense rain and cold pool at the surface. These important microphysical processes within long-lasting secondary convective cells over the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center should be taken into account on convective parameterization schemes as well as the associated cold pool dynamics.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
Economy is a major force in determining the hierarchy of urban system. As regional economy globalizes, urban systems in many countries are making their transition from the scale-based hierarchy to the networked system...Economy is a major force in determining the hierarchy of urban system. As regional economy globalizes, urban systems in many countries are making their transition from the scale-based hierarchy to the networked system, while that in China still maintains an administrative stratification. The paper discussed the triumph of Baigou Town in the East Baoding Sub-center Campaign. It significantly shattered the administrative hierarchy of the urban system in China, which owes largely to the new type of economical development, i.e. government-led fixed assets investment and real estate development, as demonstrated in the urban expansion. Under the pattern of "territory" logic, spatial planning not only lost efficacy, but also stimulated bottom-up over development in local areas. The paper recommended foreign action- and collaboration-oriented urban planning theories, and that the absolute top-down spatial blueprint planning must be abandoned, and a harmonious synergy of planning roles, work content and methodology be facilitated.展开更多
文摘This work discusses issues related to the impact of urbanization on the microphysical processes of precipitating systems associated with synoptic, mesoscale, and local scale systems. Among the issues addressed is the impact of urban heat <span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">island (UHI) in S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center and urban densification (UD) in the</span><span> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Metropolitan Area of S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo (MASP) on the microphysical, dynamic, and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> thermodynamic properties and distribution of precipitation and heavier rainfall from sea-breeze (SB) e cold-front (CF) combined during their space-time evolutions. For this purpose, it used four components: classification of hydrometeors with fuzzy logic, calculation of the raindrop diameters, an estimate of liquid water mass and ice mass from polarimetric-variables measured with dual-pola- rization X-band meteorological radar. The results indicated that urban densification (UD) and heat island (UHI) of the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center impact the formation of precipitation, liquid water mass, and ice mass, depth, and duration of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a thunderstorm. It was also observed the asymmetric configuration of the th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">understorm is induced by the strong convergence in the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center, and this strong convergence is induced by the intense heat island (UHI) in the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center. Was also observed that this event that is formed in the Metropolitan Area of S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span>o Paulo (MASP) depends on microphysical processes of mixed-phase of the cloud (water and ice) above the 0<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"="">°</span></span>C isotherm for the production of intense rain and cold pool at the surface. These important microphysical processes within long-lasting secondary convective cells over the S<span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, " font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#f7f7f7;"=""><span style="color:#4F4F4F;font-family:-apple-system, "font-size:16px;white-space:normal;background-color:#F7F7F7;">ã</span></span></span></span>o Paulo city center should be taken into account on convective parameterization schemes as well as the associated cold pool dynamics.</span></span></span></span>
基金Sponsored by 2013 Youth Fund of Humanities and Social Science Research Program of the Ministry of Education(13YJC840018)
文摘Economy is a major force in determining the hierarchy of urban system. As regional economy globalizes, urban systems in many countries are making their transition from the scale-based hierarchy to the networked system, while that in China still maintains an administrative stratification. The paper discussed the triumph of Baigou Town in the East Baoding Sub-center Campaign. It significantly shattered the administrative hierarchy of the urban system in China, which owes largely to the new type of economical development, i.e. government-led fixed assets investment and real estate development, as demonstrated in the urban expansion. Under the pattern of "territory" logic, spatial planning not only lost efficacy, but also stimulated bottom-up over development in local areas. The paper recommended foreign action- and collaboration-oriented urban planning theories, and that the absolute top-down spatial blueprint planning must be abandoned, and a harmonious synergy of planning roles, work content and methodology be facilitated.
