This paper introduces the two Upsilon constants to the reader. Their usefulness is described with respect to acting as coupling constants between the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. In addition, this paper su...This paper introduces the two Upsilon constants to the reader. Their usefulness is described with respect to acting as coupling constants between the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. In addition, this paper summarizes the current state of quantum cosmology with respect to the Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) model. Although the FSC quantum cosmology formulae were published in 2018, they are only rearrangements and substitutions of the other assumptions into the original FSC Hubble temperature formula. In a real sense, this temperature formula was the first quantum cosmology formula developed since Hawking’s black hole temperature formula. A recent development in the last month proves that the FSC Hubble temperature formula can be derived from the Stephan-Boltzmann law. Thus, this Hubble temperature formula effectively unites some quantum developments with the general relativity model inherent in FSC. More progress towards unification in the near-future is expected.展开更多
Based on the generalized vector meson dominance model in QCD, we study photoproduction of vector meson T off the proton by use of the QCD inspired model in which the contributions from quark-quark, gluon-gluon, and qu...Based on the generalized vector meson dominance model in QCD, we study photoproduction of vector meson T off the proton by use of the QCD inspired model in which the contributions from quark-quark, gluon-gluon, and quark-gluon interference term to observable are taken into consideration. Calculations are performed for total cross section σtot, differential cross section dσ/dt, ratio of the real part to imaginary part of forward scattering amplitude ρ, and nuclear slop parameter function β. The mediators of interactions between projectiles （the quark and antiquark pair fluctuated from the real the photon） and the proton target （three-quark system） are the tensor Glueball and Odderon instead of using the usual Pomeron exchange. The theoretical predictions for σtot （s） are consistent with the experimental data within error bars of the data. The data for dσ/dt, ρ, and β are urgently needed.展开更多
This paper provides a brief historical summary of recent progress made with respect to the Upsilon constant linkage between the time-dependent Hubble parameter and the time-dependent cosmic temperature.We discuss how ...This paper provides a brief historical summary of recent progress made with respect to the Upsilon constant linkage between the time-dependent Hubble parameter and the time-dependent cosmic temperature.We discuss how our original RH=ct variant model,called Flat Space Cosmology(FSC),has evolved,including how it has recently been used as an approach to resolving the Hubble tension,to extend the cosmic age to alleviate the early galaxy formation problem,and to provide highly useful Friedmann equations in thermodynamic form.A new and tantalizing cosmic rotation resolution of the Hubble tension using FSC is also briefly discussed,including whether it could also explain“dark energy”observations.展开更多
Given the pending completion and publication of the final Dark Energy Survey (DESI) results, this letter presents the corresponding predictions of the Haug-Tatum cosmology (HTC) model. In particular, we show in tabula...Given the pending completion and publication of the final Dark Energy Survey (DESI) results, this letter presents the corresponding predictions of the Haug-Tatum cosmology (HTC) model. In particular, we show in tabular and graphic form the “dark energy decay” curve which the HTC model predicts for cosmological redshifts covering the range of 0 - 2.0 z. Furthermore, we present the HTC model distance-vs-redshift curve in comparison to the three very different curves (for luminosity distance, angular diameter distance, and co-moving distance) calculated within the Lambda-CDM model. Whether the expansion of our universe is actually undergoing slight acceleration or the finely-tuned cosmic coasting at constant velocity of Rh = ct models, including HTC, will hopefully soon be answered by the many pending observational studies.展开更多
This paper shows how the Flat Space Cosmology model correlates the recom-bination epoch CMB temperature of 3000 K with a cosmological redshift of 1100. This proof is given in support of the recent publication that the...This paper shows how the Flat Space Cosmology model correlates the recom-bination epoch CMB temperature of 3000 K with a cosmological redshift of 1100. This proof is given in support of the recent publication that the Tatum and Seshavatharam Hubble temperature formulae can be derived using the Stephan-Boltzmann dispersion law. Thus, as explained herein, the era of high precision Planck scale quantum cosmology has arrived.展开更多
Based on considerable progress made in understanding the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature from a deep theoretical perspective, this paper demonstrates a useful and simple relationship between the CMB temp...Based on considerable progress made in understanding the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature from a deep theoretical perspective, this paper demonstrates a useful and simple relationship between the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. This allows us to predict the Hubble constant with much higher precision than before by using the CMB temperature. This is of great importance, since it will lead to much higher precision in various global parameters of the cosmos, such as the Hubble radius and the age of the universe. We have improved uncertainty in the Hubble constant all the way down to 66.8712 ± 0.0019 km/s/Mpc based on data from one of the most recent CMB studies. Previous studies based on other methods have rarely reported an uncertainty much less than approximately ±1 km/s/Mpc for the Hubble constant. Our deeper understanding of the CMB and its relation to H0seems to be opening a new era of high-precision cosmology, which may well be the key to solving the Hubble tension, as alluded to herein. Naturally, our results should also be scrutinized by other researchers over time, but we believe that, even at this stage, this deeper understanding of the CMB deserves attention from the research community.展开更多
Haug and Tatum have developed a cosmological model which links the CMB temperature,the Hubble parameter,cosmological redshift,and the Planck length in a manner fully consistent with general relativity and the Stefan-B...Haug and Tatum have developed a cosmological model which links the CMB temperature,the Hubble parameter,cosmological redshift,and the Planck length in a manner fully consistent with general relativity and the Stefan-Boltzmann law.This means that one can easily extract the Planck length from observed cosmological redshifts.We demonstrate this by extracting the current NIST CODATA Planck length from the Union2 supernova database using the observed redshifts from all 580 type Ia supernovae.Our new mathematical approach places tight constraints on a Hubble constant extracted from supernovae in a manner that appears to resolve the Hubble tension.Importantly,our linear expansion model offers a near-perfect match using these astronomical observations without necessitating the expansion of space beyond the speed of light c or the introduction of an accelerating dark energy.We believe that this approach strongly favors growing black hole R_(H)=ct cosmological models over theΛ-CDM model.展开更多
One of the first physics results that CMS will hopefully obtain will be the analysis of heavy quarkonium productions, including the Υ cross-section measurement. Since the Υ production cross-section from p-p collisio...One of the first physics results that CMS will hopefully obtain will be the analysis of heavy quarkonium productions, including the Υ cross-section measurement. Since the Υ production cross-section from p-p collisions is expected to be relatively large, the analysis should be viable with rather small datasets which will be available soon after the start-up of the LHC. This paper describes the methods and plans for measuring the differential cross-section of Y（1S） →μ^＋μ- production, by using data to be collected from the CMS detector in the first LHC run. In this study, about 80 thousand Υ are reconstructed corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.4 pb^-1 in 10 TeV proton-proton collisions by using Monte Carlo data. The precision of this measurement is estimated to be about 16%, which is limited by the systematic errors.展开更多
Based on a systematic investigation of J/ψ（ψ＇）→VP, where V and P stand for light vector and pseudoscalar mesons, we identify the role played by the electromagnetic （EM） transitions and intermediate meson loop ...Based on a systematic investigation of J/ψ（ψ＇）→VP, where V and P stand for light vector and pseudoscalar mesons, we identify the role played by the electromagnetic （EM） transitions and intermediate meson loop transitions, which are essential ingredients for understanding the J/ψ and ψ＇ couplings to VP. We show that on the one hand, the EM transitions have relatively larger interferences in ψ＇→ρπ and K^＊^-K ＋c.c. as explicitly shown by vector meson dominance （VMD）. On the other hand, the strong decay of ψ＇ receives relatively larger destructive interferences from the intermediate meson loop transitions. By identifying these mechanisms in an overall study of J/ψ（ψ＇） → VP, we provide a coherent understanding of the so-called ＂ρπ puzzle＂.展开更多
The decay widths of Υ（nS）→d^＊（2380）＋X with n=1,2,3 are studied in a phenomenological way. With the help of crossing symmetry, the decay widths are obtained by investigating the imaginary part of the forward sc...The decay widths of Υ（nS）→d^＊（2380）＋X with n=1,2,3 are studied in a phenomenological way. With the help of crossing symmetry, the decay widths are obtained by investigating the imaginary part of the forward scattering amplitudes between d^＊ and Υ（nS）. The wave functions of d^＊ and deuteron obtained in previous studies are used for calculating the amplitude. The interaction between d^＊（d） and Υ is governed by the quark-meson interaction, where the coupling constant is determined by fitting the observed widths of Υ（nS）→d＋X. The numerical results show that the decay widths of Υ（nS）→d^＊＋X are about 2-10 times smaller than that of d＋X. The calculated momentum of d^＊ is in the range 0.3-0.8 GeV. Therefore, it is very likely that one can find d^＊（2380） in these semi-inclusive decay processes.展开更多
文摘This paper introduces the two Upsilon constants to the reader. Their usefulness is described with respect to acting as coupling constants between the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. In addition, this paper summarizes the current state of quantum cosmology with respect to the Flat Space Cosmology (FSC) model. Although the FSC quantum cosmology formulae were published in 2018, they are only rearrangements and substitutions of the other assumptions into the original FSC Hubble temperature formula. In a real sense, this temperature formula was the first quantum cosmology formula developed since Hawking’s black hole temperature formula. A recent development in the last month proves that the FSC Hubble temperature formula can be derived from the Stephan-Boltzmann law. Thus, this Hubble temperature formula effectively unites some quantum developments with the general relativity model inherent in FSC. More progress towards unification in the near-future is expected.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10647002,10565001the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation under Grant Nos.0575020,0542042,and 0481030
文摘Based on the generalized vector meson dominance model in QCD, we study photoproduction of vector meson T off the proton by use of the QCD inspired model in which the contributions from quark-quark, gluon-gluon, and quark-gluon interference term to observable are taken into consideration. Calculations are performed for total cross section σtot, differential cross section dσ/dt, ratio of the real part to imaginary part of forward scattering amplitude ρ, and nuclear slop parameter function β. The mediators of interactions between projectiles （the quark and antiquark pair fluctuated from the real the photon） and the proton target （three-quark system） are the tensor Glueball and Odderon instead of using the usual Pomeron exchange. The theoretical predictions for σtot （s） are consistent with the experimental data within error bars of the data. The data for dσ/dt, ρ, and β are urgently needed.
文摘This paper provides a brief historical summary of recent progress made with respect to the Upsilon constant linkage between the time-dependent Hubble parameter and the time-dependent cosmic temperature.We discuss how our original RH=ct variant model,called Flat Space Cosmology(FSC),has evolved,including how it has recently been used as an approach to resolving the Hubble tension,to extend the cosmic age to alleviate the early galaxy formation problem,and to provide highly useful Friedmann equations in thermodynamic form.A new and tantalizing cosmic rotation resolution of the Hubble tension using FSC is also briefly discussed,including whether it could also explain“dark energy”observations.
文摘Given the pending completion and publication of the final Dark Energy Survey (DESI) results, this letter presents the corresponding predictions of the Haug-Tatum cosmology (HTC) model. In particular, we show in tabular and graphic form the “dark energy decay” curve which the HTC model predicts for cosmological redshifts covering the range of 0 - 2.0 z. Furthermore, we present the HTC model distance-vs-redshift curve in comparison to the three very different curves (for luminosity distance, angular diameter distance, and co-moving distance) calculated within the Lambda-CDM model. Whether the expansion of our universe is actually undergoing slight acceleration or the finely-tuned cosmic coasting at constant velocity of Rh = ct models, including HTC, will hopefully soon be answered by the many pending observational studies.
文摘This paper shows how the Flat Space Cosmology model correlates the recom-bination epoch CMB temperature of 3000 K with a cosmological redshift of 1100. This proof is given in support of the recent publication that the Tatum and Seshavatharam Hubble temperature formulae can be derived using the Stephan-Boltzmann dispersion law. Thus, as explained herein, the era of high precision Planck scale quantum cosmology has arrived.
文摘Based on considerable progress made in understanding the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature from a deep theoretical perspective, this paper demonstrates a useful and simple relationship between the CMB temperature and the Hubble constant. This allows us to predict the Hubble constant with much higher precision than before by using the CMB temperature. This is of great importance, since it will lead to much higher precision in various global parameters of the cosmos, such as the Hubble radius and the age of the universe. We have improved uncertainty in the Hubble constant all the way down to 66.8712 ± 0.0019 km/s/Mpc based on data from one of the most recent CMB studies. Previous studies based on other methods have rarely reported an uncertainty much less than approximately ±1 km/s/Mpc for the Hubble constant. Our deeper understanding of the CMB and its relation to H0seems to be opening a new era of high-precision cosmology, which may well be the key to solving the Hubble tension, as alluded to herein. Naturally, our results should also be scrutinized by other researchers over time, but we believe that, even at this stage, this deeper understanding of the CMB deserves attention from the research community.
文摘Haug and Tatum have developed a cosmological model which links the CMB temperature,the Hubble parameter,cosmological redshift,and the Planck length in a manner fully consistent with general relativity and the Stefan-Boltzmann law.This means that one can easily extract the Planck length from observed cosmological redshifts.We demonstrate this by extracting the current NIST CODATA Planck length from the Union2 supernova database using the observed redshifts from all 580 type Ia supernovae.Our new mathematical approach places tight constraints on a Hubble constant extracted from supernovae in a manner that appears to resolve the Hubble tension.Importantly,our linear expansion model offers a near-perfect match using these astronomical observations without necessitating the expansion of space beyond the speed of light c or the introduction of an accelerating dark energy.We believe that this approach strongly favors growing black hole R_(H)=ct cosmological models over theΛ-CDM model.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10099630)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2007CB816101)
文摘One of the first physics results that CMS will hopefully obtain will be the analysis of heavy quarkonium productions, including the Υ cross-section measurement. Since the Υ production cross-section from p-p collisions is expected to be relatively large, the analysis should be viable with rather small datasets which will be available soon after the start-up of the LHC. This paper describes the methods and plans for measuring the differential cross-section of Y（1S） →μ^＋μ- production, by using data to be collected from the CMS detector in the first LHC run. In this study, about 80 thousand Υ are reconstructed corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.4 pb^-1 in 10 TeV proton-proton collisions by using Monte Carlo data. The precision of this measurement is estimated to be about 16%, which is limited by the systematic errors.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (10675131,10491306,10547001,90403031)Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX3-SYW-N2)UK EPSRC(GR/S99433/01)
文摘Based on a systematic investigation of J/ψ（ψ＇）→VP, where V and P stand for light vector and pseudoscalar mesons, we identify the role played by the electromagnetic （EM） transitions and intermediate meson loop transitions, which are essential ingredients for understanding the J/ψ and ψ＇ couplings to VP. We show that on the one hand, the EM transitions have relatively larger interferences in ψ＇→ρπ and K^＊^-K ＋c.c. as explicitly shown by vector meson dominance （VMD）. On the other hand, the strong decay of ψ＇ receives relatively larger destructive interferences from the intermediate meson loop transitions. By identifying these mechanisms in an overall study of J/ψ（ψ＇） → VP, we provide a coherent understanding of the so-called ＂ρπ puzzle＂.
基金Supported by National Natural Sciences Foundations of China(11475186,11475192,11521505,11565007)the Sino-German CRC110 "Symmetries and the Emergence of Structure in QCD" project by NSFC(11621131001)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS,(Y7292610K1)the IHEP Innovation Fund(Y4545190Y2)
文摘The decay widths of Υ（nS）→d^＊（2380）＋X with n=1,2,3 are studied in a phenomenological way. With the help of crossing symmetry, the decay widths are obtained by investigating the imaginary part of the forward scattering amplitudes between d^＊ and Υ（nS）. The wave functions of d^＊ and deuteron obtained in previous studies are used for calculating the amplitude. The interaction between d^＊（d） and Υ is governed by the quark-meson interaction, where the coupling constant is determined by fitting the observed widths of Υ（nS）→d＋X. The numerical results show that the decay widths of Υ（nS）→d^＊＋X are about 2-10 times smaller than that of d＋X. The calculated momentum of d^＊ is in the range 0.3-0.8 GeV. Therefore, it is very likely that one can find d^＊（2380） in these semi-inclusive decay processes.
