Objective： To compare the plaque composition between stable and unstable plaques, characterize unstable plaque by using iMap-intravascular ultrasound （IVUS）, and quantify the diagnostic criteria for unstable plaque...Objective： To compare the plaque composition between stable and unstable plaques, characterize unstable plaque by using iMap-intravascular ultrasound （IVUS）, and quantify the diagnostic criteria for unstable plaque. Methods： Thirty-three acute coronary syndrome （ACS） patients who had undergone coronary angiography and IVUS from February 19, 2014 to December 19, 2014 at Peking University People＇s Hospital were enrolled in the study. Baseline data were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to their gray-scale IVUS imaging, stable plaque and unstable plaque. A difference-in-difference evaluation was performed using the baseline data and off-line iMap imaging results between the two groups. A receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was constructed to obtain the optimal cut-off value to diagnose unstable plaque. Results： Percentages of fibrotic and necrotic tissues, absolute values of lipidic, necrotic, and calcified tissues, and plaque burden were independent predictors for unstable plaque. Absolute necrotic area was the best predictor and exhibited the highest diagnostic value for plaque vulnerability （area under the curve （AUC）=0.806, P=0.000, 95% CI （0.718, 0.894））. The cut-off score for predicting unstable plaque was 4.0 mm2. Conclusions： This study attempted to propose a cut-off value based on absolute necrotic area using iMap-IVUS to predict plaque vulnerability in patients with ACS. This score might provide a valuable reference for diagnosing unstable plaque.展开更多
In recent years,the use of coronary functional evaluation derived by fractional flow reserve(FFR)to guide percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has been recommended by several mainstream guidelines.Typicall...In recent years,the use of coronary functional evaluation derived by fractional flow reserve(FFR)to guide percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has been recommended by several mainstream guidelines.Typically,FFR>0.80 in coronary artery indicates the lesions do not affect the coronary blood flow.展开更多
Background Remnant cholesterol(RC)is considered to be one of the most significant and important risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).Nonetheless,the association between RC and unstable caroti...Background Remnant cholesterol(RC)is considered to be one of the most significant and important risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).Nonetheless,the association between RC and unstable carotid plaque remains unclear.Our primary objective is to ascertain whether RC exhibits an independent and significant association with unstable carotid plaque in a neurologically healthy population.Methods In the cross-sectional study,we enrolled neurologically healthy participants who visited our centre for health checkups between 2021 and 2022.All eligible participants underwent a standardised questionnaire,physical examinations and laboratory testing.The carotid plaque was evaluated with a standard carotid ultrasound and an advanced ultrasound imaging technique called superb microvascular imaging.The correlation between lipids and unstable carotid plaque was primarily assessed utilising univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results The study totally enrolled 1100 participants who had an average age of 57.00 years(IQR:49.00-63.00),with 67.55%being men.Among the participants,321(29.18%)had unstable carotid plaque.In the multivariate logistic regression analysis,higher RC had an independent association with an elevated incidence of unstable carotid plaque compared with the lowest concentrations of RC(OR=1.673,95%CI 1.113 to 2.515,p=0.0134),but not other lipids.In addition,apolipoprotein A1 was negatively related to unstable carotid plaque(OR=0.549,95%CI 0.364 to 0.830,p=0.0045).Conclusions Elevated concentrations of RC are independently and excellently correlated with unstable carotid plaque within a neurologically healthy population.展开更多
The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally ...The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally acknowledged. In recent years, to further improve the therapeutic effects of those Chinese herbs on such diseases, we have carried out a series of studies of CM medications with the function of clearing heat and removing toxic substances combined with activating blood circulation to remove stasis.展开更多
Very small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （VSOPs） rapidly accumulate in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby enabling plaque visualization by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. This study was performed to i...Very small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （VSOPs） rapidly accumulate in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby enabling plaque visualization by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. This study was performed to identify the uptake mechanisms of VSOPs into atherosclerotic plaques. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient （LDLR^-/-） mice with advanced atherosclerosis were analyzed using MRI and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） at various time points after intravenous administration of VSOPs. Post-mortem MRI detected VSOP labeling of atherosclerotic plaques 10 min after injection, and the signal increased over the first 3 h. TEM revealed that the intensive plaque labeling was mediated by accelerated transcytosis of VSOPs through endothelial cells overlaying atherosclerotic lesions. Experiments with endocytosis inhibitors and small interfering RNA （siRNA） revealed a dynamin-dependent mechanism involving both clathrin- and caveolin-mediated processes. In cell culture experiments, endothelial VSOP uptake was enhanced under proatherogenic flow and TNFα stimulation, conditions that are both present in plaque areas. Our study demonstrates that VSOPs enable non-invasive MRI assessment of accelerated endothelial transcytosis, an important pathomechanism in atherosclerotic plaque formation.展开更多
Objective： To observe the effects of red yeast rice（RYR） on blood lipid levels, aortic atherosclerosis（AS）, and plaque stability in apolipoprotein E gene knockout（Apo E-/-） mice. Methods： Twentyfour Apo E-/-mi...Objective： To observe the effects of red yeast rice（RYR） on blood lipid levels, aortic atherosclerosis（AS）, and plaque stability in apolipoprotein E gene knockout（Apo E-/-） mice. Methods： Twentyfour Apo E-/-mice were fed with a high-fat diet starting from 6 weeks of age. Mice were randomized into three groups（n = 8 in each group）： model group（Apo E-/-group）, RYR group（Apo E-/-＋ RYR group）, and simvastatin group（Apo E-/-＋ simvastatin group）. Eight 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were assigned as the control group and fed with a basic diet. After 36 weeks, plasma lipids and inflammatory factors were measured. Aortic atherosclerotic lesions by microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were observed. Plasma levels of interleukin-6（IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were measured with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The level of high sensitivity C-reaction protein（Hs-CRP） was detected by the scattering immunoturbidimetric assay. Protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9（MMP-9） and nuclear factor κB（NF-κB） in aorta were tested by immunohistochemistry. Results： Compared with the model group, treatment with RYR significantly decreased the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein（a）, and apolipoprotein B100 in Apo E-/-mice（P〈0.01）. Compared with the model group, treatment with RYR decreased the levels of Hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α（P〈0.01）. RYR also reduced the protein levels of NF-κB and MMP-9 of the aorta. Conclusions： RYR has the anti-atherosclerotic and stabilizing unstable plaque effects. The mechanism might be related to the inflammatory signaling pathways.展开更多
基金supported by the Capital Health Research and Development of Special(No.2014-2-4085),China
文摘Objective： To compare the plaque composition between stable and unstable plaques, characterize unstable plaque by using iMap-intravascular ultrasound （IVUS）, and quantify the diagnostic criteria for unstable plaque. Methods： Thirty-three acute coronary syndrome （ACS） patients who had undergone coronary angiography and IVUS from February 19, 2014 to December 19, 2014 at Peking University People＇s Hospital were enrolled in the study. Baseline data were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to their gray-scale IVUS imaging, stable plaque and unstable plaque. A difference-in-difference evaluation was performed using the baseline data and off-line iMap imaging results between the two groups. A receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was constructed to obtain the optimal cut-off value to diagnose unstable plaque. Results： Percentages of fibrotic and necrotic tissues, absolute values of lipidic, necrotic, and calcified tissues, and plaque burden were independent predictors for unstable plaque. Absolute necrotic area was the best predictor and exhibited the highest diagnostic value for plaque vulnerability （area under the curve （AUC）=0.806, P=0.000, 95% CI （0.718, 0.894））. The cut-off score for predicting unstable plaque was 4.0 mm2. Conclusions： This study attempted to propose a cut-off value based on absolute necrotic area using iMap-IVUS to predict plaque vulnerability in patients with ACS. This score might provide a valuable reference for diagnosing unstable plaque.
文摘In recent years,the use of coronary functional evaluation derived by fractional flow reserve(FFR)to guide percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)treatment has been recommended by several mainstream guidelines.Typically,FFR>0.80 in coronary artery indicates the lesions do not affect the coronary blood flow.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1311203).
文摘Background Remnant cholesterol(RC)is considered to be one of the most significant and important risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD).Nonetheless,the association between RC and unstable carotid plaque remains unclear.Our primary objective is to ascertain whether RC exhibits an independent and significant association with unstable carotid plaque in a neurologically healthy population.Methods In the cross-sectional study,we enrolled neurologically healthy participants who visited our centre for health checkups between 2021 and 2022.All eligible participants underwent a standardised questionnaire,physical examinations and laboratory testing.The carotid plaque was evaluated with a standard carotid ultrasound and an advanced ultrasound imaging technique called superb microvascular imaging.The correlation between lipids and unstable carotid plaque was primarily assessed utilising univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results The study totally enrolled 1100 participants who had an average age of 57.00 years(IQR:49.00-63.00),with 67.55%being men.Among the participants,321(29.18%)had unstable carotid plaque.In the multivariate logistic regression analysis,higher RC had an independent association with an elevated incidence of unstable carotid plaque compared with the lowest concentrations of RC(OR=1.673,95%CI 1.113 to 2.515,p=0.0134),but not other lipids.In addition,apolipoprotein A1 was negatively related to unstable carotid plaque(OR=0.549,95%CI 0.364 to 0.830,p=0.0045).Conclusions Elevated concentrations of RC are independently and excellently correlated with unstable carotid plaque within a neurologically healthy population.
文摘The therapeutic effects of activating blood circulation to remove stasis of Chinese medicine （CM） in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary artery disease and angina are generally acknowledged. In recent years, to further improve the therapeutic effects of those Chinese herbs on such diseases, we have carried out a series of studies of CM medications with the function of clearing heat and removing toxic substances combined with activating blood circulation to remove stasis.
文摘Very small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles （VSOPs） rapidly accumulate in atherosclerotic lesions, thereby enabling plaque visualization by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. This study was performed to identify the uptake mechanisms of VSOPs into atherosclerotic plaques. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient （LDLR^-/-） mice with advanced atherosclerosis were analyzed using MRI and transmission electron microscopy （TEM） at various time points after intravenous administration of VSOPs. Post-mortem MRI detected VSOP labeling of atherosclerotic plaques 10 min after injection, and the signal increased over the first 3 h. TEM revealed that the intensive plaque labeling was mediated by accelerated transcytosis of VSOPs through endothelial cells overlaying atherosclerotic lesions. Experiments with endocytosis inhibitors and small interfering RNA （siRNA） revealed a dynamin-dependent mechanism involving both clathrin- and caveolin-mediated processes. In cell culture experiments, endothelial VSOP uptake was enhanced under proatherogenic flow and TNFα stimulation, conditions that are both present in plaque areas. Our study demonstrates that VSOPs enable non-invasive MRI assessment of accelerated endothelial transcytosis, an important pathomechanism in atherosclerotic plaque formation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81102721,No.81573821 and No.81202809)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7172185)+3 种基金Technologic Item of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.04-05LP30,JDZX2015262)Chinese National Scientific Fund for Post-doctor(No.2015M570220)Its Special Aid Item(No.2016T90194)the Key Technologies R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2010 GSF 10289)
文摘Objective： To observe the effects of red yeast rice（RYR） on blood lipid levels, aortic atherosclerosis（AS）, and plaque stability in apolipoprotein E gene knockout（Apo E-/-） mice. Methods： Twentyfour Apo E-/-mice were fed with a high-fat diet starting from 6 weeks of age. Mice were randomized into three groups（n = 8 in each group）： model group（Apo E-/-group）, RYR group（Apo E-/-＋ RYR group）, and simvastatin group（Apo E-/-＋ simvastatin group）. Eight 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were assigned as the control group and fed with a basic diet. After 36 weeks, plasma lipids and inflammatory factors were measured. Aortic atherosclerotic lesions by microscope, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were observed. Plasma levels of interleukin-6（IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） were measured with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The level of high sensitivity C-reaction protein（Hs-CRP） was detected by the scattering immunoturbidimetric assay. Protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9（MMP-9） and nuclear factor κB（NF-κB） in aorta were tested by immunohistochemistry. Results： Compared with the model group, treatment with RYR significantly decreased the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein（a）, and apolipoprotein B100 in Apo E-/-mice（P〈0.01）. Compared with the model group, treatment with RYR decreased the levels of Hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α（P〈0.01）. RYR also reduced the protein levels of NF-κB and MMP-9 of the aorta. Conclusions： RYR has the anti-atherosclerotic and stabilizing unstable plaque effects. The mechanism might be related to the inflammatory signaling pathways.
