Unintended consequences invariably accompany regulations and standards.This study examined whether the LEED rating system creates any negative inadvertent environmental effects and,if so,what they are.In effect,can do...Unintended consequences invariably accompany regulations and standards.This study examined whether the LEED rating system creates any negative inadvertent environmental effects and,if so,what they are.In effect,can doing something that is not sustainable ever help a project get a higher score?The research tool consisted of semi-structured interviews with construction management personnel responsible for the LEED aspects of projects.The study looked at specific LEED certified projects around the southeastern United States.These interviews gathered project specific information about the company responsible for building,the interviewee’s experience and views,and the general project.Most importantly,the interviews collected data on any instances of negative unintended environmental effects.Of the 16 projects considered,two included cases of unintended effects.Both cases resulted from situations in which the project location made the otherwise beneficial LEED requirement inappropriate.The study recommends ways to help prevent other similar instances of negative unintended effects.Ultimately,sustainability is best advanced by using LEED certification as an aid not an objective in the journey towards environmentally friendly buildings.展开更多
Research highlight related to:DeLeon O.,Mocanu M.,Tan A.,Sidebottom A.M.,Koval J.et al.Cell(2025);188,3927-3941,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.014.In a recent paper published in Cell,1 DeLeon and colleagues co...Research highlight related to:DeLeon O.,Mocanu M.,Tan A.,Sidebottom A.M.,Koval J.et al.Cell(2025);188,3927-3941,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.014.In a recent paper published in Cell,1 DeLeon and colleagues compared the impact of faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)with the outcomes of transplanting jejunal or caecal microbiota material,to explore the concept of‘microbiome matching/mismatching’.They observed differential impacts upon hostmicrobe interactions based on the source of the microbiota,and expressed concern about‘unintended consequences’of microbial therapeutics in clinical practice.展开更多
Purpose:In Korea,private tutoring is considered a social evil that damages the capacity of public schooling and undermines social justice.Although the government has implemented various policies to reduce private tuto...Purpose:In Korea,private tutoring is considered a social evil that damages the capacity of public schooling and undermines social justice.Although the government has implemented various policies to reduce private tutoring,ranging from improving the quality of education to providing"quasi-private tutoring"programs and regulating the shadow education market,total spending on private tutoring has continued to increase.This study examines a little noticed but important cause of institutionalized private tutoring in Korea.Design/Approach/Methods:The study employed a socio-ecological perspective to analyze both education and socio-structural factors.An extensive review of the government's private tutoring reduction policies and related literature was conducted.Findings:Private tutoring functions as a means by which parents can help their children compete for admission to prestigious universities and pass on wealth and social status to their children.Participation in private tutoring has become a social norm that is taken for granted.The root causes of institutionalized private tutoring lie in both educational and socio-structural factors.Originality/Nalue:The study suggests that government policies,when ignoring the long-established"grammar"of parents about children's education,may either end in failure or produce unintended consequences.展开更多
文摘Unintended consequences invariably accompany regulations and standards.This study examined whether the LEED rating system creates any negative inadvertent environmental effects and,if so,what they are.In effect,can doing something that is not sustainable ever help a project get a higher score?The research tool consisted of semi-structured interviews with construction management personnel responsible for the LEED aspects of projects.The study looked at specific LEED certified projects around the southeastern United States.These interviews gathered project specific information about the company responsible for building,the interviewee’s experience and views,and the general project.Most importantly,the interviews collected data on any instances of negative unintended environmental effects.Of the 16 projects considered,two included cases of unintended effects.Both cases resulted from situations in which the project location made the otherwise beneficial LEED requirement inappropriate.The study recommends ways to help prevent other similar instances of negative unintended effects.Ultimately,sustainability is best advanced by using LEED certification as an aid not an objective in the journey towards environmentally friendly buildings.
基金The Division of Digestive Diseases at Imperial College London receives financial support from the National Institute of Health Research(NIHR)Imperial Biomedical Research Centre(BRC)based at Imperial College London and Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust,BHM is the recipient of a Medical Research Council(MRC)Clinician Scientist award(MR/Z504002/1).
文摘Research highlight related to:DeLeon O.,Mocanu M.,Tan A.,Sidebottom A.M.,Koval J.et al.Cell(2025);188,3927-3941,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.014.In a recent paper published in Cell,1 DeLeon and colleagues compared the impact of faecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)with the outcomes of transplanting jejunal or caecal microbiota material,to explore the concept of‘microbiome matching/mismatching’.They observed differential impacts upon hostmicrobe interactions based on the source of the microbiota,and expressed concern about‘unintended consequences’of microbial therapeutics in clinical practice.
文摘Purpose:In Korea,private tutoring is considered a social evil that damages the capacity of public schooling and undermines social justice.Although the government has implemented various policies to reduce private tutoring,ranging from improving the quality of education to providing"quasi-private tutoring"programs and regulating the shadow education market,total spending on private tutoring has continued to increase.This study examines a little noticed but important cause of institutionalized private tutoring in Korea.Design/Approach/Methods:The study employed a socio-ecological perspective to analyze both education and socio-structural factors.An extensive review of the government's private tutoring reduction policies and related literature was conducted.Findings:Private tutoring functions as a means by which parents can help their children compete for admission to prestigious universities and pass on wealth and social status to their children.Participation in private tutoring has become a social norm that is taken for granted.The root causes of institutionalized private tutoring lie in both educational and socio-structural factors.Originality/Nalue:The study suggests that government policies,when ignoring the long-established"grammar"of parents about children's education,may either end in failure or produce unintended consequences.
