With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and mult...With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and multi-dimensional systems,providing a scientific analytical framework for accurately judging the existence and development of various complex phenomena.The core philosophical views of Marx and Engels,including historical materialism,dialectics,alienation theory,and communism theory,have sparked extensive debates since their proposal-garnering numerous adherents while also facing sharp criticisms-and continue to exert a certain influence on the global intellectual and political arenas.Based on the perspective of the UCST,this paper draws on both the interpretations and developments of their views by proponents such as Lenin,Lukács,and Habermas,as well as the doubts and reflections raised by critics like Popper,Russell,and Hayek.From the dual dimensions of theoretical logic and practical verification,it comprehensively analyzes the theoretical value and inherent limitations of Marx and Engels’core philosophical views.Incorporating practical cases from multiple countries and academic research findings,this study aims to provide a neutral,objective,and pluralistic reference for the rational understanding of Marxist philosophy.展开更多
Human life is not determined by mechanical fatalism or a single material factor;instead,based on the dualistic ontology and active force mechanism in the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST),it can be actively designe...Human life is not determined by mechanical fatalism or a single material factor;instead,based on the dualistic ontology and active force mechanism in the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST),it can be actively designed under the guidance of mind,in accordance with causal laws,and through systematic interactions.This study integrates the dualistic ontology of UCST,as well as the cooperative mechanism of active force(Fa)and passive force(Fp).Furthermore,by incorporating Master Jiqun’s philosophy of“life design”and the practical principle of“destiny establishment and transformation”from The Four Lessons of Liaofan Yuan,it constructs a three-dimensional framework for life design encompassing the dimensions of science,philosophy,and practice.The significance of this research lies in breaking through the predicament of materialism in the AI(artificial intelligence)era,explaining the autonomy and initiative of life,providing feasible pathways for life design,and ultimately achieving the in-depth integration of scientific rationality and the wisdom of traditional Eastern culture.展开更多
Despite advances in current anti-cancer therapies,challenges such as drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity persist.The limitations of traditional single-target drugs and simple combination therapies are bec...Despite advances in current anti-cancer therapies,challenges such as drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity persist.The limitations of traditional single-target drugs and simple combination therapies are becoming increasingly apparent1.To address these issues,a novel treatment strategy,the artificially intelligent synergistic engineered drug(AISED)paradigm,merits further exploration.This paradigm is based on the systematic engineered integration of multiple active ingredients into a unified single entity through artificial intelligence(AI).This strategy is aimed at developing new anti-cancer drug designs involving multiple ingredients,multiple molecular targets,and multiple biological effects,for multiple cancer types,thereby providing a novel theoretical paradigm for overcoming existing treatment bottlenecks.展开更多
Well logging technology has accumulated a large amount of historical data through four generations of technological development,which forms the basis of well logging big data and digital assets.However,the value of th...Well logging technology has accumulated a large amount of historical data through four generations of technological development,which forms the basis of well logging big data and digital assets.However,the value of these data has not been well stored,managed and mined.With the development of cloud computing technology,it provides a rare development opportunity for logging big data private cloud.The traditional petrophysical evaluation and interpretation model has encountered great challenges in the face of new evaluation objects.The solution research of logging big data distributed storage,processing and learning functions integrated in logging big data private cloud has not been carried out yet.To establish a distributed logging big-data private cloud platform centered on a unifi ed learning model,which achieves the distributed storage and processing of logging big data and facilitates the learning of novel knowledge patterns via the unifi ed logging learning model integrating physical simulation and data models in a large-scale functional space,thus resolving the geo-engineering evaluation problem of geothermal fi elds.Based on the research idea of“logging big data cloud platform-unifi ed logging learning model-large function space-knowledge learning&discovery-application”,the theoretical foundation of unified learning model,cloud platform architecture,data storage and learning algorithm,arithmetic power allocation and platform monitoring,platform stability,data security,etc.have been carried on analysis.The designed logging big data cloud platform realizes parallel distributed storage and processing of data and learning algorithms.The feasibility of constructing a well logging big data cloud platform based on a unifi ed learning model of physics and data is analyzed in terms of the structure,ecology,management and security of the cloud platform.The case study shows that the logging big data cloud platform has obvious technical advantages over traditional logging evaluation methods in terms of knowledge discovery method,data software and results sharing,accuracy,speed and complexity.展开更多
The stress gradient of surrounding rock and reasonable prestress of support are the keys to ensuring the stability of roadways.The elastic-plastic analytical solution for surrounding rock was derived based on unified ...The stress gradient of surrounding rock and reasonable prestress of support are the keys to ensuring the stability of roadways.The elastic-plastic analytical solution for surrounding rock was derived based on unified strength theory.A model for solving the stress gradient of the surrounding rock with the intermediate principal stress parameter b was established.The correctness and applicability of the solution for the stress gradient in the roadway surrounding rock was verified via multiple methods.Furthermore,the laws of stress,displacement,and the plastic zone of the surrounding rock with different b values and prestresses were revealed.As b increases,the stress gradient in the plastic zone increases,and the displacement and plastic zone radius decrease.As the prestress increases,the peak stress shifts toward the sidewalls,and the stress and stress gradient increments decrease.In addition,the displacement increment and plastic zone increment were proposed to characterize the support effect.The balance point of the plastic zone area appears before that of the displacement zone.The relationship between the stress gradient compensation coefficient and the prestress is obtained.This study provides a research method and idea for determining the reasonable prestress of support in roadways.展开更多
As important natural and pharmaceutical motifs,the catalytic construction of structurally diverse 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles often requires elaborate synthetic efforts on optimizations.Herein,we developed a simple an...As important natural and pharmaceutical motifs,the catalytic construction of structurally diverse 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles often requires elaborate synthetic efforts on optimizations.Herein,we developed a simple and divergent approach for constructing reverse-prenylated and prenylated oxindoles launched by Ni catalysis with bulk chemical isoprene.Using C3-unsubstituted oxindoles as starting materials,mono reverse-prenylation was demonstrated in high chemo-and regioselectivities facilitated by the combination of Ni(0)and monodentate phosphine ligand.Using the obtained reverse-prenylated oxindoles as versatile synthon,substitutions at the pseudobenzylic position with various electrophiles created vicinal quaternary centers in a concise way.With the help of additives(PPh3 and NaH),air could be directly used as green oxidant to construct prenylated and reverse-prenylatedα-hydroxy-oxindoles divergently from the same substrates.In situ esterification of prenylatedα-hydroxy-oxindoles allowed subsequent Friedel-Crafts substitutions with diverse nucleophiles to deliver prenyl substituted dimeric or spiro-oxindoles.This protocol provides a divergent synthetic approach for the construction of highly functionalized 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles,which have been otherwise difficult to access in a unified approach.展开更多
Ground reinforcement is crucial for tunnel construction, especially in soft rock tunnels. Existing analytical models are inadequate for predicting the ground reaction curves (GRCs) for reinforced tunnels in strain-sof...Ground reinforcement is crucial for tunnel construction, especially in soft rock tunnels. Existing analytical models are inadequate for predicting the ground reaction curves (GRCs) for reinforced tunnels in strain-softening (SS) rock masses. This study proposes a novel analytical model to determine the GRCs of SS rock masses, incorporating ground reinforcement and intermediate principal stress (IPS). The SS constitutive model captures the progressive post- peak failure, while the elastic-brittle model simulates reinforced rock masses. Nine combined states are innovatively investigated to analyze plastic zone development in natural and reinforced regions. Each region is analyzed separately, and coupled through boundary conditions at interface. Comparison with three types of existing models indicates that these models overestimate reinforcement effects. The deformation prediction errors of single geological material models may exceed 75%. Furthermore, neglecting softening and residual zones in natural regions could lead to errors over 50%. Considering the IPS can effectively utilize the rock strength to reduce tunnel deformation by at least 30%, thereby saving on reinforcement and support costs. The computational results show a satisfactory agreement with the monitoring data from a model test and two tunnel projects. The proposed model may offer valuable insights into the design and construction of reinforced tunnel engineering.展开更多
Vehicle recognition plays a vital role in intelligent transportation systems,law enforcement,access control,and security operations—domains that are becoming increasingly dynamic and complex.Despite advancements,most...Vehicle recognition plays a vital role in intelligent transportation systems,law enforcement,access control,and security operations—domains that are becoming increasingly dynamic and complex.Despite advancements,most existing solutions remain siloed,addressing individual tasks such as vehicle make and model recognition(VMMR),automatic number plate recognition(ANPR),and color classification separately.This fragmented approach limits real-world efficiency,leading to slower processing,reduced accuracy,and increased operational costs,particularly in traffic monitoring and surveillance scenarios.To address these limitations,we present a unified framework that consolidates all three recognition tasks into a single,lightweight system.The framework utilizes MobileNetV2 for efficient VMMR,YOLO(You Only Look Once)for accurate license plate detection,and histogram-based clustering in the HSV color space for precise color identification.Rather than optimizing each module in isolation,our approach emphasizes tight integration,enabling improved performance and reliability.The system also features adaptive image calibration and robust algorithmic enhancements to ensure consistent results under varying environmental conditions.Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposedmodel achieves a combined accuracy of 93.3%,outperforming traditional methods and offering practical scalability for deployment in real-world transportation infrastructures.展开更多
The introduction of the digital renminbi(eCNY)by the People’s Bank of China serves as a means for the central bank to effectively comprehend macroeconomic dynamics and enhance payment infrastructure within the domest...The introduction of the digital renminbi(eCNY)by the People’s Bank of China serves as a means for the central bank to effectively comprehend macroeconomic dynamics and enhance payment infrastructure within the domestic market.Among the pioneering digital currencies,the eCNY is at the forefront of technological research and development,pilot implementation,and the establishment of a robust system.Thus,employing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology,this study aims to explore the factors shaping the adoption of the eCNY and to determine the mediating effects of intention toward the eCNY and the moderating role of age and gender among various relationships.A cross-sectional survey methodology was deployed to collect data from pilot communities situated within the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,and Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei regions.The empirical analysis comprised 809 valid online questionnaires,and the examination was conducted through structural equation modeling employing the partial least squares technique,ultimately subjecting the conceptual model to a comprehensive assessment.The results for intention to use the eCNY indicate that performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,and perceived government policy have significant effects.Facilitating conditions and intentions toward the eCNY positively influenced its actual use.According to the findings of this study,age and sex did not moderate the effect of each hypothesis on the intention to use in the research model.This study breaks new ground by investigating the adoption of the eCNY,a novel form of currency,highlighting its multifaceted nature and providing empirical evidence for a comprehensive model encompassing psychological,social,and contextual factors.This study employs social surveys to identify obstacles in the process of promoting the widespread adoption of the eCNY and offers suggestions to the central bank and government to increase user enthusiasm and decrease user perceptions of risk,thereby promoting its widespread adoption.展开更多
Complex numbers play a pivotal role in both mathematics and physics,particularly in quantum mechanics,and are extensively utilized to depict the behavior of microscopic particles.Recognizing the significance of comple...Complex numbers play a pivotal role in both mathematics and physics,particularly in quantum mechanics,and are extensively utilized to depict the behavior of microscopic particles.Recognizing the significance of complex numbers,a framework of imaginarity resource theory has recently been established.In this work,we propose two types of imaginarity monotones induced by the unified(α,β)-relative entropy and investigate their properties.Moreover,we give explicit examples to illustrate our results.展开更多
Duality analysis of time series and complex networks has been a frontier topic during the last several decades.According to some recent approaches in this direction,the intrinsic dynamics of typical nonlinear systems ...Duality analysis of time series and complex networks has been a frontier topic during the last several decades.According to some recent approaches in this direction,the intrinsic dynamics of typical nonlinear systems can be better characterized by considering the related nonlinear time series from the perspective of networks science.In this paper,the associated network family of the unified piecewise-linear(PWL)chaotic family,which can bridge the gap of the PWL chaotic Lorenz system and the PWL chaotic Chen system,was firstly constructed and analyzed.We constructed the associated network family via the original and the modified frequency-degree mapping strategy,as well as the classical visibility graph and horizontal visibility graph strategy,after removing the transient states.Typical related network characteristics,including the network fractal dimension,of the associated network family,are computed with changes of single key parameter a.These characteristic vectors of the network are also compared with the largest Lyapunov exponent(LLE)vector of the related original dynamical system.It can be found that,some network characteristics are highly correlated with LLE vector of the original nonlinear system,i.e.,there is an internal consistency between the largest Lyapunov exponents,some typical associated network characteristics,and the related network fractal dimension index.Numerical results show that the modified frequency-degree mapping strategy can demonstrate highest correlation,which means it can behave better to capture the intrinsic characteristics of the unified PWL chaotic family.展开更多
The bending of rectangular plate is divided into the generalized statically determinate bending and the generalized statically indeterminate bending based on the analysis of the completeness of calculating condition a...The bending of rectangular plate is divided into the generalized statically determinate bending and the generalized statically indeterminate bending based on the analysis of the completeness of calculating condition at the corner point. The former can be solved directly by the equilibrium differential equation and the boundary conditions of four edges of the plate. The latter can be solved by using the superposition principle. Making use of the recommended method, the bending of the plate with all kinds of...展开更多
The analysis of plane strain elastic-plastic bending of a linear strain hardening curved beam with a narrow rectangular cross section subjected to couples at its end is conducted based on a unified yield criterion. Th...The analysis of plane strain elastic-plastic bending of a linear strain hardening curved beam with a narrow rectangular cross section subjected to couples at its end is conducted based on a unified yield criterion. The solutions for the mechanical properties of plane strain bending are derived, which are adapted for various kinds of non-strength differential materials and can be degenerated to those based on the Tresca, von Mises, and twin-shear yield criteria. The dependences of the two critical bending moments, the radii of the interfaces between the elastic and plastic regions and the radial displacements of the points at the symmetrical plane on different yield criteria and Poisson’s ratios are discussed. The results show that the influences of different yield criteria and Poisson’s ratio on the two critical bending moments, the radii of the interfaces between the elastic and plastic regions and the radial displacements of the points at the symmetrical plane of the curved beam are significant. Once the value of bis obtained by experiments, the yield criterion and the corresponding solution for the materials of interest are then determined.展开更多
This article presents a micro-macro unified model for predicting the deformation of metal matrix composites （MMCs）. A macro-scale model is developed to obtain the proper boundary conditions for the micro-scale model...This article presents a micro-macro unified model for predicting the deformation of metal matrix composites （MMCs）. A macro-scale model is developed to obtain the proper boundary conditions for the micro-scale model, which is used to assess the microstructural deformation of materials. The usage of the submodel technique in the analysis makes it possible to shed light on the stress and strain field at the microlevel. This is helpful to investigate the linkage between the microscopic and the macroscopic flow behavior of the composites. An iterative procedure is also proposed to find out the optimum parameters. The results show that the convergence can be attained after three iterations in computation. In order to demonstrate the reliability of mi- cro-macro unified model, results based on the continuum composite model are also investigated using the stress-strain relation of composite obtained from the iterations. By comparing the proposed unified model to the continuum composite model, it is clear that the former exhibits large plastic deformation in the case of little macroscopic deformation, and the stresses and strains obtained from the submodel are higher than those from the macroscopic deformation.展开更多
In 2005,Richard Conn Henry from Johns Hopkins University published“The Mental Universe”in Nature,advancing the idealistic claim that the universe is fundamentally mental and conscious,and that matter has no objectiv...In 2005,Richard Conn Henry from Johns Hopkins University published“The Mental Universe”in Nature,advancing the idealistic claim that the universe is fundamentally mental and conscious,and that matter has no objective reality.Grounded in a one-sided interpretation of the observational effects in quantum mechanics,this view has sparked long-standing debates across physics,philosophy,neuroscience,and other disciplines.The Unified Complex System Theory(UCST),centered on an ether-mind dualistic ontology,differs from both traditional materialist monism and idealist monism,and offers a more comprehensive account of the mind-matter relationship.Using UCST as a theoretical framework,this paper systematically analyzes multiple fallacies in“The Mental Universe”concerning conceptual definition,logical deduction,and the demarcation of scientific boundaries.It comprehensively reviews both supportive and critical arguments in authoritative journals since 2005,and integrates evidence from interpretive disputes in quantum mechanics,empirical findings in neuroscience,epigenetic mechanisms,and parapsychological phenomena.The study demonstrates that:Quantum measurement essentially involves interactions between material systems,rather than consciousness determining existence;consciousness emerges from the interaction between mind and the physical body,and cannot exist independently of a material substrate;science applies only to the finite,observable world accessible to humans,and cannot pronounce absolute truths about the universe as a whole;monism is unsuitable as a reliable ontological foundation for science,and ether-mind dualistic ontology possesses greater logical completeness and explanatory power.展开更多
Various factors,including weak tie-lines into the electric power system(EPS)networks,can lead to low-frequency oscillations(LFOs),which are considered an instant,non-threatening situation,but slow-acting and poisonous...Various factors,including weak tie-lines into the electric power system(EPS)networks,can lead to low-frequency oscillations(LFOs),which are considered an instant,non-threatening situation,but slow-acting and poisonous.Considering the challenge mentioned,this article proposes a clustering-based machine learning(ML)framework to enhance the stability of EPS networks by suppressing LFOs through real-time tuning of key power system stabilizer(PSS)parameters.To validate the proposed strategy,two distinct EPS networks are selected:the single-machine infinite-bus(SMIB)with a single-stage PSS and the unified power flow controller(UPFC)coordinated SMIB with a double-stage PSS.To generate data under various loading conditions for both networks,an efficient but offline meta-heuristic algorithm,namely the grey wolf optimizer(GWO),is used,with the loading conditions as inputs and the key PSS parameters as outputs.The generated loading conditions are then clustered using the fuzzy k-means(FKM)clustering method.Finally,the group method of data handling(GMDH)and long short-term memory(LSTM)ML models are developed for clustered data to predict PSS key parameters in real time for any loading condition.A few well-known statistical performance indices(SPI)are considered for validation and robustness of the training and testing procedure of the developed FKM-GMDH and FKM-LSTM models based on the prediction of PSS parameters.The performance of the ML models is also evaluated using three stability indices(i.e.,minimum damping ratio,eigenvalues,and time-domain simulations)after optimally tuned PSS with real-time estimated parameters under changing operating conditions.Besides,the outputs of the offline(GWO-based)metaheuristic model,proposed real-time(FKM-GMDH and FKM-LSTM)machine learning models,and previously reported literature models are compared.According to the results,the proposed methodology outperforms the others in enhancing the stability of the selected EPS networks by damping out the observed unwanted LFOs under various loading conditions.展开更多
In this paper,a unified terminal sliding mode(UTSM)control method is proposed for second-order nonlinear systems with uncertainties and disturbances.It is seen that the newly defined terminal sliding surface is integr...In this paper,a unified terminal sliding mode(UTSM)control method is proposed for second-order nonlinear systems with uncertainties and disturbances.It is seen that the newly defined terminal sliding surface is integrated with both conventional and fast terminal sliding mode and exhibits design advantages such as a variable exponent,adjustable sliding mode parameters,and chattering-alleviation effect.The inherent dynamic properties of the closed-loop systems with the UTSM control are discussed in detail via the phase plane and Lyapunov stability theory.Both numerical simulations and experimental results show the flexible sliding manifold design,strong robustness against uncertain dynamics,and effective attenuation of chattering phenomenon.展开更多
基金supported by the start-up funding from Westlake University under Grant Number 041030150118the scientific research project of Westlake University“Theoretical Research and Demonstration Application of Complex Systems and Deep-Sea Technology(Phase I)”under Grant Number WU2025A006.
文摘With holism,dynamics,interconnectedness,and emergence as its core characteristics,the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST)focuses on the evolutionary laws and intrinsic mechanisms of multi-element,multi-level,and multi-dimensional systems,providing a scientific analytical framework for accurately judging the existence and development of various complex phenomena.The core philosophical views of Marx and Engels,including historical materialism,dialectics,alienation theory,and communism theory,have sparked extensive debates since their proposal-garnering numerous adherents while also facing sharp criticisms-and continue to exert a certain influence on the global intellectual and political arenas.Based on the perspective of the UCST,this paper draws on both the interpretations and developments of their views by proponents such as Lenin,Lukács,and Habermas,as well as the doubts and reflections raised by critics like Popper,Russell,and Hayek.From the dual dimensions of theoretical logic and practical verification,it comprehensively analyzes the theoretical value and inherent limitations of Marx and Engels’core philosophical views.Incorporating practical cases from multiple countries and academic research findings,this study aims to provide a neutral,objective,and pluralistic reference for the rational understanding of Marxist philosophy.
基金supported by the start-up funding from Westlake University under Grant Number 041030150118 and the scientific research project of Westlake University“Theoretical Research and Demonstration Application of Complex Systems and Deep-Sea Technology(Phase I)”under Grant Number WU2025A006.
文摘Human life is not determined by mechanical fatalism or a single material factor;instead,based on the dualistic ontology and active force mechanism in the Unified Complex Systems Theory(UCST),it can be actively designed under the guidance of mind,in accordance with causal laws,and through systematic interactions.This study integrates the dualistic ontology of UCST,as well as the cooperative mechanism of active force(Fa)and passive force(Fp).Furthermore,by incorporating Master Jiqun’s philosophy of“life design”and the practical principle of“destiny establishment and transformation”from The Four Lessons of Liaofan Yuan,it constructs a three-dimensional framework for life design encompassing the dimensions of science,philosophy,and practice.The significance of this research lies in breaking through the predicament of materialism in the AI(artificial intelligence)era,explaining the autonomy and initiative of life,providing feasible pathways for life design,and ultimately achieving the in-depth integration of scientific rationality and the wisdom of traditional Eastern culture.
文摘Despite advances in current anti-cancer therapies,challenges such as drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity persist.The limitations of traditional single-target drugs and simple combination therapies are becoming increasingly apparent1.To address these issues,a novel treatment strategy,the artificially intelligent synergistic engineered drug(AISED)paradigm,merits further exploration.This paradigm is based on the systematic engineered integration of multiple active ingredients into a unified single entity through artificial intelligence(AI).This strategy is aimed at developing new anti-cancer drug designs involving multiple ingredients,multiple molecular targets,and multiple biological effects,for multiple cancer types,thereby providing a novel theoretical paradigm for overcoming existing treatment bottlenecks.
基金supported By Grant (PLN2022-14) of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University)。
文摘Well logging technology has accumulated a large amount of historical data through four generations of technological development,which forms the basis of well logging big data and digital assets.However,the value of these data has not been well stored,managed and mined.With the development of cloud computing technology,it provides a rare development opportunity for logging big data private cloud.The traditional petrophysical evaluation and interpretation model has encountered great challenges in the face of new evaluation objects.The solution research of logging big data distributed storage,processing and learning functions integrated in logging big data private cloud has not been carried out yet.To establish a distributed logging big-data private cloud platform centered on a unifi ed learning model,which achieves the distributed storage and processing of logging big data and facilitates the learning of novel knowledge patterns via the unifi ed logging learning model integrating physical simulation and data models in a large-scale functional space,thus resolving the geo-engineering evaluation problem of geothermal fi elds.Based on the research idea of“logging big data cloud platform-unifi ed logging learning model-large function space-knowledge learning&discovery-application”,the theoretical foundation of unified learning model,cloud platform architecture,data storage and learning algorithm,arithmetic power allocation and platform monitoring,platform stability,data security,etc.have been carried on analysis.The designed logging big data cloud platform realizes parallel distributed storage and processing of data and learning algorithms.The feasibility of constructing a well logging big data cloud platform based on a unifi ed learning model of physics and data is analyzed in terms of the structure,ecology,management and security of the cloud platform.The case study shows that the logging big data cloud platform has obvious technical advantages over traditional logging evaluation methods in terms of knowledge discovery method,data software and results sharing,accuracy,speed and complexity.
基金Project(52274130)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(ZR2024ZD22)supported by the Major Basic Research Project of the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+2 种基金Project(2023375)supported by the Guizhou University Research and Innovation Team,ChinaProject(Leading Fund(2023)09)supported by the Natural Science Research Fund of Guizhou University,ChinaProject(JYBSYS2021101)supported by the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Safe and Effective Coal Mining,Ministry of Education,China。
文摘The stress gradient of surrounding rock and reasonable prestress of support are the keys to ensuring the stability of roadways.The elastic-plastic analytical solution for surrounding rock was derived based on unified strength theory.A model for solving the stress gradient of the surrounding rock with the intermediate principal stress parameter b was established.The correctness and applicability of the solution for the stress gradient in the roadway surrounding rock was verified via multiple methods.Furthermore,the laws of stress,displacement,and the plastic zone of the surrounding rock with different b values and prestresses were revealed.As b increases,the stress gradient in the plastic zone increases,and the displacement and plastic zone radius decrease.As the prestress increases,the peak stress shifts toward the sidewalls,and the stress and stress gradient increments decrease.In addition,the displacement increment and plastic zone increment were proposed to characterize the support effect.The balance point of the plastic zone area appears before that of the displacement zone.The relationship between the stress gradient compensation coefficient and the prestress is obtained.This study provides a research method and idea for determining the reasonable prestress of support in roadways.
文摘As important natural and pharmaceutical motifs,the catalytic construction of structurally diverse 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles often requires elaborate synthetic efforts on optimizations.Herein,we developed a simple and divergent approach for constructing reverse-prenylated and prenylated oxindoles launched by Ni catalysis with bulk chemical isoprene.Using C3-unsubstituted oxindoles as starting materials,mono reverse-prenylation was demonstrated in high chemo-and regioselectivities facilitated by the combination of Ni(0)and monodentate phosphine ligand.Using the obtained reverse-prenylated oxindoles as versatile synthon,substitutions at the pseudobenzylic position with various electrophiles created vicinal quaternary centers in a concise way.With the help of additives(PPh3 and NaH),air could be directly used as green oxidant to construct prenylated and reverse-prenylatedα-hydroxy-oxindoles divergently from the same substrates.In situ esterification of prenylatedα-hydroxy-oxindoles allowed subsequent Friedel-Crafts substitutions with diverse nucleophiles to deliver prenyl substituted dimeric or spiro-oxindoles.This protocol provides a divergent synthetic approach for the construction of highly functionalized 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles,which have been otherwise difficult to access in a unified approach.
基金Projects(52208382, 52278387, 51738002) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2022YJS072) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘Ground reinforcement is crucial for tunnel construction, especially in soft rock tunnels. Existing analytical models are inadequate for predicting the ground reaction curves (GRCs) for reinforced tunnels in strain-softening (SS) rock masses. This study proposes a novel analytical model to determine the GRCs of SS rock masses, incorporating ground reinforcement and intermediate principal stress (IPS). The SS constitutive model captures the progressive post- peak failure, while the elastic-brittle model simulates reinforced rock masses. Nine combined states are innovatively investigated to analyze plastic zone development in natural and reinforced regions. Each region is analyzed separately, and coupled through boundary conditions at interface. Comparison with three types of existing models indicates that these models overestimate reinforcement effects. The deformation prediction errors of single geological material models may exceed 75%. Furthermore, neglecting softening and residual zones in natural regions could lead to errors over 50%. Considering the IPS can effectively utilize the rock strength to reduce tunnel deformation by at least 30%, thereby saving on reinforcement and support costs. The computational results show a satisfactory agreement with the monitoring data from a model test and two tunnel projects. The proposed model may offer valuable insights into the design and construction of reinforced tunnel engineering.
基金supported in part by Multimedia University Research Fellow under Grant MMUI/250008in part by Telekom Research and Development Sdn Bhd under Grant RDTC/241149.
文摘Vehicle recognition plays a vital role in intelligent transportation systems,law enforcement,access control,and security operations—domains that are becoming increasingly dynamic and complex.Despite advancements,most existing solutions remain siloed,addressing individual tasks such as vehicle make and model recognition(VMMR),automatic number plate recognition(ANPR),and color classification separately.This fragmented approach limits real-world efficiency,leading to slower processing,reduced accuracy,and increased operational costs,particularly in traffic monitoring and surveillance scenarios.To address these limitations,we present a unified framework that consolidates all three recognition tasks into a single,lightweight system.The framework utilizes MobileNetV2 for efficient VMMR,YOLO(You Only Look Once)for accurate license plate detection,and histogram-based clustering in the HSV color space for precise color identification.Rather than optimizing each module in isolation,our approach emphasizes tight integration,enabling improved performance and reliability.The system also features adaptive image calibration and robust algorithmic enhancements to ensure consistent results under varying environmental conditions.Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposedmodel achieves a combined accuracy of 93.3%,outperforming traditional methods and offering practical scalability for deployment in real-world transportation infrastructures.
基金funded by Jiangsu Education Department(Ref.No.2022SJYB0750).
文摘The introduction of the digital renminbi(eCNY)by the People’s Bank of China serves as a means for the central bank to effectively comprehend macroeconomic dynamics and enhance payment infrastructure within the domestic market.Among the pioneering digital currencies,the eCNY is at the forefront of technological research and development,pilot implementation,and the establishment of a robust system.Thus,employing the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology,this study aims to explore the factors shaping the adoption of the eCNY and to determine the mediating effects of intention toward the eCNY and the moderating role of age and gender among various relationships.A cross-sectional survey methodology was deployed to collect data from pilot communities situated within the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta,and Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei regions.The empirical analysis comprised 809 valid online questionnaires,and the examination was conducted through structural equation modeling employing the partial least squares technique,ultimately subjecting the conceptual model to a comprehensive assessment.The results for intention to use the eCNY indicate that performance expectancy,effort expectancy,social influence,and perceived government policy have significant effects.Facilitating conditions and intentions toward the eCNY positively influenced its actual use.According to the findings of this study,age and sex did not moderate the effect of each hypothesis on the intention to use in the research model.This study breaks new ground by investigating the adoption of the eCNY,a novel form of currency,highlighting its multifaceted nature and providing empirical evidence for a comprehensive model encompassing psychological,social,and contextual factors.This study employs social surveys to identify obstacles in the process of promoting the widespread adoption of the eCNY and offers suggestions to the central bank and government to increase user enthusiasm and decrease user perceptions of risk,thereby promoting its widespread adoption.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12161056)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20232ACB211003)。
文摘Complex numbers play a pivotal role in both mathematics and physics,particularly in quantum mechanics,and are extensively utilized to depict the behavior of microscopic particles.Recognizing the significance of complex numbers,a framework of imaginarity resource theory has recently been established.In this work,we propose two types of imaginarity monotones induced by the unified(α,β)-relative entropy and investigate their properties.Moreover,we give explicit examples to illustrate our results.
文摘Duality analysis of time series and complex networks has been a frontier topic during the last several decades.According to some recent approaches in this direction,the intrinsic dynamics of typical nonlinear systems can be better characterized by considering the related nonlinear time series from the perspective of networks science.In this paper,the associated network family of the unified piecewise-linear(PWL)chaotic family,which can bridge the gap of the PWL chaotic Lorenz system and the PWL chaotic Chen system,was firstly constructed and analyzed.We constructed the associated network family via the original and the modified frequency-degree mapping strategy,as well as the classical visibility graph and horizontal visibility graph strategy,after removing the transient states.Typical related network characteristics,including the network fractal dimension,of the associated network family,are computed with changes of single key parameter a.These characteristic vectors of the network are also compared with the largest Lyapunov exponent(LLE)vector of the related original dynamical system.It can be found that,some network characteristics are highly correlated with LLE vector of the original nonlinear system,i.e.,there is an internal consistency between the largest Lyapunov exponents,some typical associated network characteristics,and the related network fractal dimension index.Numerical results show that the modified frequency-degree mapping strategy can demonstrate highest correlation,which means it can behave better to capture the intrinsic characteristics of the unified PWL chaotic family.
文摘The bending of rectangular plate is divided into the generalized statically determinate bending and the generalized statically indeterminate bending based on the analysis of the completeness of calculating condition at the corner point. The former can be solved directly by the equilibrium differential equation and the boundary conditions of four edges of the plate. The latter can be solved by using the superposition principle. Making use of the recommended method, the bending of the plate with all kinds of...
基金The Project of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development(No.2014-K4-010)
文摘The analysis of plane strain elastic-plastic bending of a linear strain hardening curved beam with a narrow rectangular cross section subjected to couples at its end is conducted based on a unified yield criterion. The solutions for the mechanical properties of plane strain bending are derived, which are adapted for various kinds of non-strength differential materials and can be degenerated to those based on the Tresca, von Mises, and twin-shear yield criteria. The dependences of the two critical bending moments, the radii of the interfaces between the elastic and plastic regions and the radial displacements of the points at the symmetrical plane on different yield criteria and Poisson’s ratios are discussed. The results show that the influences of different yield criteria and Poisson’s ratio on the two critical bending moments, the radii of the interfaces between the elastic and plastic regions and the radial displacements of the points at the symmetrical plane of the curved beam are significant. Once the value of bis obtained by experiments, the yield criterion and the corresponding solution for the materials of interest are then determined.
基金Aeronautical Basic Science Foundation of China (03H53048)
文摘This article presents a micro-macro unified model for predicting the deformation of metal matrix composites （MMCs）. A macro-scale model is developed to obtain the proper boundary conditions for the micro-scale model, which is used to assess the microstructural deformation of materials. The usage of the submodel technique in the analysis makes it possible to shed light on the stress and strain field at the microlevel. This is helpful to investigate the linkage between the microscopic and the macroscopic flow behavior of the composites. An iterative procedure is also proposed to find out the optimum parameters. The results show that the convergence can be attained after three iterations in computation. In order to demonstrate the reliability of mi- cro-macro unified model, results based on the continuum composite model are also investigated using the stress-strain relation of composite obtained from the iterations. By comparing the proposed unified model to the continuum composite model, it is clear that the former exhibits large plastic deformation in the case of little macroscopic deformation, and the stresses and strains obtained from the submodel are higher than those from the macroscopic deformation.
基金supported by the scientific research project of Westlake University under Grant Number WU2025A006.
文摘In 2005,Richard Conn Henry from Johns Hopkins University published“The Mental Universe”in Nature,advancing the idealistic claim that the universe is fundamentally mental and conscious,and that matter has no objective reality.Grounded in a one-sided interpretation of the observational effects in quantum mechanics,this view has sparked long-standing debates across physics,philosophy,neuroscience,and other disciplines.The Unified Complex System Theory(UCST),centered on an ether-mind dualistic ontology,differs from both traditional materialist monism and idealist monism,and offers a more comprehensive account of the mind-matter relationship.Using UCST as a theoretical framework,this paper systematically analyzes multiple fallacies in“The Mental Universe”concerning conceptual definition,logical deduction,and the demarcation of scientific boundaries.It comprehensively reviews both supportive and critical arguments in authoritative journals since 2005,and integrates evidence from interpretive disputes in quantum mechanics,empirical findings in neuroscience,epigenetic mechanisms,and parapsychological phenomena.The study demonstrates that:Quantum measurement essentially involves interactions between material systems,rather than consciousness determining existence;consciousness emerges from the interaction between mind and the physical body,and cannot exist independently of a material substrate;science applies only to the finite,observable world accessible to humans,and cannot pronounce absolute truths about the universe as a whole;monism is unsuitable as a reliable ontological foundation for science,and ether-mind dualistic ontology possesses greater logical completeness and explanatory power.
基金supported by the Deanship of Research at the King Fahd University of Petroleum&Minerals,Dhahran,31261,Saudi Arabia,under Project No.EC241001.
文摘Various factors,including weak tie-lines into the electric power system(EPS)networks,can lead to low-frequency oscillations(LFOs),which are considered an instant,non-threatening situation,but slow-acting and poisonous.Considering the challenge mentioned,this article proposes a clustering-based machine learning(ML)framework to enhance the stability of EPS networks by suppressing LFOs through real-time tuning of key power system stabilizer(PSS)parameters.To validate the proposed strategy,two distinct EPS networks are selected:the single-machine infinite-bus(SMIB)with a single-stage PSS and the unified power flow controller(UPFC)coordinated SMIB with a double-stage PSS.To generate data under various loading conditions for both networks,an efficient but offline meta-heuristic algorithm,namely the grey wolf optimizer(GWO),is used,with the loading conditions as inputs and the key PSS parameters as outputs.The generated loading conditions are then clustered using the fuzzy k-means(FKM)clustering method.Finally,the group method of data handling(GMDH)and long short-term memory(LSTM)ML models are developed for clustered data to predict PSS key parameters in real time for any loading condition.A few well-known statistical performance indices(SPI)are considered for validation and robustness of the training and testing procedure of the developed FKM-GMDH and FKM-LSTM models based on the prediction of PSS parameters.The performance of the ML models is also evaluated using three stability indices(i.e.,minimum damping ratio,eigenvalues,and time-domain simulations)after optimally tuned PSS with real-time estimated parameters under changing operating conditions.Besides,the outputs of the offline(GWO-based)metaheuristic model,proposed real-time(FKM-GMDH and FKM-LSTM)machine learning models,and previously reported literature models are compared.According to the results,the proposed methodology outperforms the others in enhancing the stability of the selected EPS networks by damping out the observed unwanted LFOs under various loading conditions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62473337,62003305)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(2024C03040,2022C03029)the Leading Innovative and Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang Province(2023R01006)。
文摘In this paper,a unified terminal sliding mode(UTSM)control method is proposed for second-order nonlinear systems with uncertainties and disturbances.It is seen that the newly defined terminal sliding surface is integrated with both conventional and fast terminal sliding mode and exhibits design advantages such as a variable exponent,adjustable sliding mode parameters,and chattering-alleviation effect.The inherent dynamic properties of the closed-loop systems with the UTSM control are discussed in detail via the phase plane and Lyapunov stability theory.Both numerical simulations and experimental results show the flexible sliding manifold design,strong robustness against uncertain dynamics,and effective attenuation of chattering phenomenon.
