Wireless mesh network （WMN） is a new multi-hop network for broadband accessing to intemet. However, there exists a server unfairness problem based on different hop distances in WMN. To solve this problem, the unfair...Wireless mesh network （WMN） is a new multi-hop network for broadband accessing to intemet. However, there exists a server unfairness problem based on different hop distances in WMN. To solve this problem, the unfairness issue was analyzed in test-bed experiment and NS2 simulation. A dynamic queue management scheme E-QMMN was proposed, which allocates the queue buffer according to the hop distance of every flow. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can not only increase the hop distance fairness of the legacy scheme at most 50%, but also reduce the average round trip time at least 29% in congested WMN environments.展开更多
“A limited company is more than a mere judicial entity, with a personality in law of its own： Behind it, or amongst it, there are individuals, with rights, expectations and obligations inter se”. The competitive at...“A limited company is more than a mere judicial entity, with a personality in law of its own： Behind it, or amongst it, there are individuals, with rights, expectations and obligations inter se”. The competitive attitude of the member states of the EU （European Union）, to become the most attractive for companies results in law reforms aiming at more flexible conflict between shareholders. Besides, the economic objective of avoiding a company＇s dissolution, the English, Dutch, and Belgian exit proceedings for the settlement of disputes between shareholders set up a social objective： protecting the interests of the minority shareholder of a private limited company. The paper consists of four chapters. The introduction lays out the necessity of buy-outs for shareholders of a private limited company. The first chapter describes the different facts justifying the buy-out of a shareholder on the basis of serious grounds. The second chapter presents the findings of a comparative research of the valuation of the shares transferred in an English, Dutch, and Belgian procedure. Finally, the conclusion summarises in which way the English, Dutch, and Belgian legal system protect the interests of the minority shareholder of a private limited company.展开更多
When observing China＇s income distribution problems .from an international perspective, we find that China＇s income inequality is not much different from developed countries after primary distribution. The real diff...When observing China＇s income distribution problems .from an international perspective, we find that China＇s income inequality is not much different from developed countries after primary distribution. The real difference between China and developed countries is that income inequality in developed countries will reduce greatly after income redistribution while the income inequality remains the same for China. Therefore, one can conclude that income inequality in China derives from the ineffectiveness of redistribution. However, a large income gap is not the main reason for skewed income distribution in China. In fact, the problem lies in unfair distribution resulting from factor capitalization. A handful of people have taken proceeds from public assets at the expense of all the people, which has led to social poIarization. To remove unfair distribution, China should improve its means of redistribution to narrow its income gap in order to develop a fair and reasonable pattern of income distribution.展开更多
Platform data has already become an important asset for web-based companies,but this sort of data frequently includes large amounts of personal information.Platform data can be seen as belonging to an individual,belon...Platform data has already become an important asset for web-based companies,but this sort of data frequently includes large amounts of personal information.Platform data can be seen as belonging to an individual,belonging to a platform,belonging to some combinations of the two,or can be seen as a form of Internet-based public data.Analysis of legal clauses and doctrines as well as analysis based in legitimacy and consequentialism both fail to completely delineate data ownership.One potential reason for this is that there are many types of platform data,and that each type is highly dependent on circumstances.The determination of rights in regard to platform data should be done in a way which revolves around a contextual regulatory framework,one in which the rules of reason is applied on a case-by-case basis and in which gradual changes are done in a bottom-up manner,and not one which seeks to establish a universal set of data regulations.In actual judgments,factors such as the nature of the platform and the nature of the data crawling behavior should be comprehensively considered while ensuring a balance of data circulation and data protection.展开更多
Having children is definitely everyone's night.But when the basic conditions needed to afford raising a child are not present,it become unfair to exercise this right,because of the implications.
Jane Eyre is a masterpiece of realism in the 19th century.But the author distorts the Bertha Mason,who is a sacrifice in a patriarchal society.The whole story of her is told by Rochester from the opposite side.She nev...Jane Eyre is a masterpiece of realism in the 19th century.But the author distorts the Bertha Mason,who is a sacrifice in a patriarchal society.The whole story of her is told by Rochester from the opposite side.She never gets a chance to speak for herself.She is first betrayed by her father then by Rochester-her husband.Her rebellion of men and society is inappropriate.She is treated unfairly both in the reality and in the fiction.展开更多
Ian and Fred are boys. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class. Last Friday afternoon they had a fight(打架) in class, and their teacher was very angry. He said to both of them, "Stay here ...Ian and Fred are boys. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class. Last Friday afternoon they had a fight(打架) in class, and their teacher was very angry. He said to both of them, "Stay here after school this afternoon, and write your names a hundred times." After the last lesson, all the other students went home, but Ian and Fred had to stay in the classroom with their teacher and began to write their names.展开更多
It is well known that 802.11 suffers from both inefficiency and unfairness in the face of competition and interference. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of topology and traffic type on network per...It is well known that 802.11 suffers from both inefficiency and unfairness in the face of competition and interference. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of topology and traffic type on network performance when two flows compete with each other for airspace. We consider both TCP and UDP flows and a comprehensive set of node topologies. We vary these topologies to consider all combinations of the following four node-to-node interactions： （1） nodes unable to read or sense each other, （2） nodes able to sense each other but not able to read each other＇s packets and nodes able to communicate with （3） weak and with （4） strong signal. We evaluate all possible cases through simulation and show that the cases can be reduced to 9 UDP and 10 TCP 802.11g models with similar efficiency/fairness characteristics. We also validate our simulation results with extensive experiments conducted in a laboratory testbed. These more detailed models improve on previous work such as hidden-/exposed-terminal categorization and are thus better suited as a basis for adaptive techniques to improve performance in 802.11 multi-hop WLAN or Mesh Networks.展开更多
India’s unorganized labour force contributes about one third of the total labour sector.The scenario is even worse in the Indian automotive industry which employs a little over 7%on a permanent basis.Problems get exa...India’s unorganized labour force contributes about one third of the total labour sector.The scenario is even worse in the Indian automotive industry which employs a little over 7%on a permanent basis.Problems get exaggerated due to the outdated labour laws,ironically established to support and protect workers.The disappointing areas in the labour contract act and labour laws have led to unfair wage practices and a hostile work environment,giving way to labour discord.This research paper discusses the key issues of labour dissonance in the Indian automobile industry using a Bayesian network analysis.Real-life casestudy examples from the Indian automobile industry were considered to identify the rationale behind labour unrest.Bayesian analysis of a set of 250 responses helped us to understand the associations among key attributes of labour dissatisfaction.展开更多
A concurrent system can be modeled by a Petri net. A live Petri net may have fro-zen tokens. It is showed that such tokens can be deleted if they are superfluous, and, whilethey are useful, can be defrozen if they bec...A concurrent system can be modeled by a Petri net. A live Petri net may have fro-zen tokens. It is showed that such tokens can be deleted if they are superfluous, and, whilethey are useful, can be defrozen if they became frozen due to unfair occurrences of tran-sitions, and, finaloy, some frozen tokens lead to more processes.展开更多
A growing number of developed country governments in recent years have adopted a hostile attitude towards foreign direct investments undertaken in their markets by state-owned enterprises （SOEs）, the latter often ba...A growing number of developed country governments in recent years have adopted a hostile attitude towards foreign direct investments undertaken in their markets by state-owned enterprises （SOEs）, the latter often based in China. The broad reason for this hostility is the belief that state-owned enterprises pursue non-commercial objectives with resulting damage to host economies. This paper argues that the empirical evidence shows SOEs are increasingly exhibiting market-owned behavior. Furthermore, any adverse consequences of non-commercial behavior are likely to be realized primarily by the SOEs themselves.展开更多
提示:你工作单位的老板的人格和个性如何?——此非小事也!因为:An un-favorably perceived supervisor is a potent workplace stressor,which might have aclinically significant impact on supervisees’cardiovascular functioning....提示:你工作单位的老板的人格和个性如何?——此非小事也!因为:An un-favorably perceived supervisor is a potent workplace stressor,which might have aclinically significant impact on supervisees’cardiovascular functioning.(不得人心的上司是一部工作场所的“高效添压机”,这对其手下员工的心血管机能会产生严重的健康影响。)展开更多
基金Projects(61163060,61103204,60963022) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(D018023) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,ChinaPostdoctoral Funding of Central South University,China
文摘Wireless mesh network （WMN） is a new multi-hop network for broadband accessing to intemet. However, there exists a server unfairness problem based on different hop distances in WMN. To solve this problem, the unfairness issue was analyzed in test-bed experiment and NS2 simulation. A dynamic queue management scheme E-QMMN was proposed, which allocates the queue buffer according to the hop distance of every flow. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can not only increase the hop distance fairness of the legacy scheme at most 50%, but also reduce the average round trip time at least 29% in congested WMN environments.
文摘“A limited company is more than a mere judicial entity, with a personality in law of its own： Behind it, or amongst it, there are individuals, with rights, expectations and obligations inter se”. The competitive attitude of the member states of the EU （European Union）, to become the most attractive for companies results in law reforms aiming at more flexible conflict between shareholders. Besides, the economic objective of avoiding a company＇s dissolution, the English, Dutch, and Belgian exit proceedings for the settlement of disputes between shareholders set up a social objective： protecting the interests of the minority shareholder of a private limited company. The paper consists of four chapters. The introduction lays out the necessity of buy-outs for shareholders of a private limited company. The first chapter describes the different facts justifying the buy-out of a shareholder on the basis of serious grounds. The second chapter presents the findings of a comparative research of the valuation of the shares transferred in an English, Dutch, and Belgian procedure. Finally, the conclusion summarises in which way the English, Dutch, and Belgian legal system protect the interests of the minority shareholder of a private limited company.
基金This paper is a staged achievement of ＂Study on China＇s Income Distribution＂, a project supported by National Social Science Foundation.
文摘When observing China＇s income distribution problems .from an international perspective, we find that China＇s income inequality is not much different from developed countries after primary distribution. The real difference between China and developed countries is that income inequality in developed countries will reduce greatly after income redistribution while the income inequality remains the same for China. Therefore, one can conclude that income inequality in China derives from the ineffectiveness of redistribution. However, a large income gap is not the main reason for skewed income distribution in China. In fact, the problem lies in unfair distribution resulting from factor capitalization. A handful of people have taken proceeds from public assets at the expense of all the people, which has led to social poIarization. To remove unfair distribution, China should improve its means of redistribution to narrow its income gap in order to develop a fair and reasonable pattern of income distribution.
基金This paper is a periodic achievement of two projects of the National Social Science Fund of China,those being the major project:“Personal Data Protection and Data Rights Systems in the Age of Big Data”(Project No.18ZDA146)the general project:“Research on Personal Information Protection and Corporate Data Ownership in the Context of Big Data”(Project No.18BFX198)。
文摘Platform data has already become an important asset for web-based companies,but this sort of data frequently includes large amounts of personal information.Platform data can be seen as belonging to an individual,belonging to a platform,belonging to some combinations of the two,or can be seen as a form of Internet-based public data.Analysis of legal clauses and doctrines as well as analysis based in legitimacy and consequentialism both fail to completely delineate data ownership.One potential reason for this is that there are many types of platform data,and that each type is highly dependent on circumstances.The determination of rights in regard to platform data should be done in a way which revolves around a contextual regulatory framework,one in which the rules of reason is applied on a case-by-case basis and in which gradual changes are done in a bottom-up manner,and not one which seeks to establish a universal set of data regulations.In actual judgments,factors such as the nature of the platform and the nature of the data crawling behavior should be comprehensively considered while ensuring a balance of data circulation and data protection.
文摘Having children is definitely everyone's night.But when the basic conditions needed to afford raising a child are not present,it become unfair to exercise this right,because of the implications.
文摘Jane Eyre is a masterpiece of realism in the 19th century.But the author distorts the Bertha Mason,who is a sacrifice in a patriarchal society.The whole story of her is told by Rochester from the opposite side.She never gets a chance to speak for herself.She is first betrayed by her father then by Rochester-her husband.Her rebellion of men and society is inappropriate.She is treated unfairly both in the reality and in the fiction.
文摘Ian and Fred are boys. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class. Last Friday afternoon they had a fight(打架) in class, and their teacher was very angry. He said to both of them, "Stay here after school this afternoon, and write your names a hundred times." After the last lesson, all the other students went home, but Ian and Fred had to stay in the classroom with their teacher and began to write their names.
文摘It is well known that 802.11 suffers from both inefficiency and unfairness in the face of competition and interference. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of topology and traffic type on network performance when two flows compete with each other for airspace. We consider both TCP and UDP flows and a comprehensive set of node topologies. We vary these topologies to consider all combinations of the following four node-to-node interactions： （1） nodes unable to read or sense each other, （2） nodes able to sense each other but not able to read each other＇s packets and nodes able to communicate with （3） weak and with （4） strong signal. We evaluate all possible cases through simulation and show that the cases can be reduced to 9 UDP and 10 TCP 802.11g models with similar efficiency/fairness characteristics. We also validate our simulation results with extensive experiments conducted in a laboratory testbed. These more detailed models improve on previous work such as hidden-/exposed-terminal categorization and are thus better suited as a basis for adaptive techniques to improve performance in 802.11 multi-hop WLAN or Mesh Networks.
文摘India’s unorganized labour force contributes about one third of the total labour sector.The scenario is even worse in the Indian automotive industry which employs a little over 7%on a permanent basis.Problems get exaggerated due to the outdated labour laws,ironically established to support and protect workers.The disappointing areas in the labour contract act and labour laws have led to unfair wage practices and a hostile work environment,giving way to labour discord.This research paper discusses the key issues of labour dissonance in the Indian automobile industry using a Bayesian network analysis.Real-life casestudy examples from the Indian automobile industry were considered to identify the rationale behind labour unrest.Bayesian analysis of a set of 250 responses helped us to understand the associations among key attributes of labour dissatisfaction.
文摘A concurrent system can be modeled by a Petri net. A live Petri net may have fro-zen tokens. It is showed that such tokens can be deleted if they are superfluous, and, whilethey are useful, can be defrozen if they became frozen due to unfair occurrences of tran-sitions, and, finaloy, some frozen tokens lead to more processes.
文摘A growing number of developed country governments in recent years have adopted a hostile attitude towards foreign direct investments undertaken in their markets by state-owned enterprises （SOEs）, the latter often based in China. The broad reason for this hostility is the belief that state-owned enterprises pursue non-commercial objectives with resulting damage to host economies. This paper argues that the empirical evidence shows SOEs are increasingly exhibiting market-owned behavior. Furthermore, any adverse consequences of non-commercial behavior are likely to be realized primarily by the SOEs themselves.
文摘提示:你工作单位的老板的人格和个性如何?——此非小事也!因为:An un-favorably perceived supervisor is a potent workplace stressor,which might have aclinically significant impact on supervisees’cardiovascular functioning.(不得人心的上司是一部工作场所的“高效添压机”,这对其手下员工的心血管机能会产生严重的健康影响。)
