Dear Editor,Viruses of the genus Orthoebolavirus cause sporadic outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic fever,with case fatality rates ranging from 25%to 90%(Mahanty and Bray,2004).Six species of the virus(Orthoebolavirus za...Dear Editor,Viruses of the genus Orthoebolavirus cause sporadic outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic fever,with case fatality rates ranging from 25%to 90%(Mahanty and Bray,2004).Six species of the virus(Orthoebolavirus zairense,sudanense,bundibugyoense,taiense,restonense,and bombaliense)have so far been identified(Biedenkopf et al.,2023).Among these,Orthoebolavirus zairense,commonly known as Ebola virus(EBOV),stands out as the most virulent.Given its high contagiousness and lethality,EBOV must be manipulated under biosafety level 4(BSL-4)conditions,as stipulated by the the People's Republic of China's list of human pathogenic microorganisms(National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,2023).Prior to being removed from a BSL-4 laboratory,it is imperative that infectious EBOV undergoes complete inactivation.Here we systematically evaluate viral thermostability under BSL-4 containment conditions,demonstrating EBOV's marked thermotolerance.展开更多
The emergence of the Qing—Zang plateau is among the most important geological events on the globe since the Cenozoic Era. Many geological issues can find answer from here. The major issues concerning plateau probably...The emergence of the Qing—Zang plateau is among the most important geological events on the globe since the Cenozoic Era. Many geological issues can find answer from here. The major issues concerning plateau probably have three: (1) geodynamics, timing and speed of the plateau uplift;(2) The plateau uplift impact on surrounding environment;(3) mineral resources in the plateau. The authors want to focuses on first issue based on volcanisms occurred in interior and surrounding of the plateau, The new opinions are following:(1) Each volcanic eruptive episode corresponded to strong uplift stage;(2) The dynamic mechanism of the plateau uplift can not ignore another force from west beyond collision between Indian and Eurasia plates from South;(3) The surrounding volcanic chain is not only related to the collision from South, but also from west.展开更多
The adsorption and desorption of the toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis strain WG-001 on rectorite were studied at different toxin and/or rectorite concentrations, pH values and temperatures. The insecticidal activity ...The adsorption and desorption of the toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis strain WG-001 on rectorite were studied at different toxin and/or rectorite concentrations, pH values and temperatures. The insecticidal activity of the adsorbed toxin was evaluated by determining the lethal concentration to kill 50% of the larvae of Heliothis armigera （LC50）. The adsorption of the toxin on rectorite in sodium carbonate buffer （pH 9） reached equilibrium within 0.5-1.0 h and the adsorption isotherm of the toxin followed the Langmuir equation （R^2 〉 0.99）. In the pH range from 9 to 11 （carbonate buffer）, the adsorbed toxin decreased with increasing pH. The adsorption amounts decreased with increasing rectorite：toxin ratio. The adsorption was not significantly affected by the temperature between 10 and 50 ℃. The X- ray diffraction analysis indicated occurrence of the intercalation of the rectorite by the toxin. The infrared absorption spectrum showed that the binding of the toxin did not alter its structure. The LC50 wlues of the adsorbed toxin were smaller than those of the free toxin. The rectorite protected the toxin from ultraviolet irradiation damage. The desorption of the adsorbed toxin in water ranged from 37.5% to 56.4% and from 27.4% to 41.8% in a carbonate buffer. The desorption percentage also decreased with increasing rectorite：toxin ratio.展开更多
Distribution networks in China and several other countries are predominantly neutral inefficiently grounding systems(NIGSs),and more than 80%of the faults in distribution networks are single-phase-to-ground(SPG)faults...Distribution networks in China and several other countries are predominantly neutral inefficiently grounding systems(NIGSs),and more than 80%of the faults in distribution networks are single-phase-to-ground(SPG)faults.Because of the weak fault current and imperfect monitoring equipment configurations,methods used to determine the faulty line secti ons with SPG faults in NIGSs are in effective.The developme nt and application of distributi on-level phasor measurement units(PMUs)provide further comprehensive fault information for fault diagnosis in a distribution network.When an SPG fault occurs,the transient energy of the faulted line section tends to be higher than the sum of the transient energies of other line sections.In this regard,transient energy-based fault location algorithms appear to be a promising resolution.In this study,a field test plan was designed and implemented for a 10 kV distribution network.The test results dem on strate the effective ness of the transient en ergy-based SPG locati on method in practical distributi on networks.展开更多
Die libysch-berberischen Volker des nordafrikanischen Wustengurtels west lich des Nils wurden im Alten Agypten mit dem Ethnonym Temehu (agypt: Tmhw, vokalisierte Form hochstwahrscheinlich im Singular Tumalh und im Plu...Die libysch-berberischen Volker des nordafrikanischen Wustengurtels west lich des Nils wurden im Alten Agypten mit dem Ethnonym Temehu (agypt: Tmhw, vokalisierte Form hochstwahrscheinlich im Singular Tumalh und im Plural Tumha(?)w) belegt. Die Quellen des Alten Reiches erwahnen diese Temehu sudwestlich des Nils, bzw. westlich des Landes Nubien, die Quellen des Mittleren und Neuen Reiches dagegen lokalisieren die Temehu in den westlichen Oasen und in der Wiistenregion nordwestlich davon, d.h.展开更多
Bei seinen Bemuhungen um die Stilistik agyptischer Texte ging H. Grapow an verschiedenen Stellen auf die ,,Hymnenform in pw-Satzen' ein. Als ein wichtiges Kriterium stellte er dabei heraus, daβ es sich hierbei ni...Bei seinen Bemuhungen um die Stilistik agyptischer Texte ging H. Grapow an verschiedenen Stellen auf die ,,Hymnenform in pw-Satzen' ein. Als ein wichtiges Kriterium stellte er dabei heraus, daβ es sich hierbei nicht um Hymnen an, sondern um Hymnen auf den Konig handelt.2 Mit ihrem deskriptiven Charakter, durch den sie Aussagen uber den Konig machen (NN pw - ,,Ein NN ist er'), entfaltet diese Form der Hymnen Wesenszuge des Konigs (besser: dogmatische Charakteristika des Konigtums) und setzt sich damit gegen展开更多
Die Grundlagen des Attischen Seebundes wurden zwischen Herbst 478 und Frühjahr 477 v. Chr. gelegt, als zwischen den attischen und ionischen St?dtevereinigungen zum Zwecke der Verteidigung gegen die von den Perser...Die Grundlagen des Attischen Seebundes wurden zwischen Herbst 478 und Frühjahr 477 v. Chr. gelegt, als zwischen den attischen und ionischen St?dtevereinigungen zum Zwecke der Verteidigung gegen die von den Persern geführten Angriffe ein展开更多
In dieser Abhandlung legt der Verfasser die Bedeutung der Ozeanographiesowie die Beziehungen zwischen ihr und anderen Wissenschaften dar. Es gifolgende fümf Punkte zu schildern:
Es werden nach neuen Beobachtungen und Arbeitenüber die Meeresstro-mungen im allgemeinen und in den einzelnen Ozeanensowie ihre Schichtung und Tiefenzirkulation besprochen.Dies wird in vier Abschnitten geteilt:(1...Es werden nach neuen Beobachtungen und Arbeitenüber die Meeresstro-mungen im allgemeinen und in den einzelnen Ozeanensowie ihre Schichtung und Tiefenzirkulation besprochen.Dies wird in vier Abschnitten geteilt:(1)Atmosphärische Einfluisse an der Meeresoberfläsche und dadurch hervorgerufene Meeresstromungen,(2)Die ozeanische Troposphare und die ozeanische Stratosphare,(3)Die troposiphÃrischen Strömungen der einzelnen Ozeane,(4)Die stratosphÃrische Zirkulation im allgemeinen und in den Ozeanen.展开更多
In the scenario of underwater acoustic sparse channel estimation with training sequences,grid points in the measuring matrix are caused by discretizing procedure.Estimated accuracy might not be guaranteed with the sta...In the scenario of underwater acoustic sparse channel estimation with training sequences,grid points in the measuring matrix are caused by discretizing procedure.Estimated accuracy might not be guaranteed with the state-of-the-art methods when multipath delays don't exactly locate on the grid points.In this paper,we construct a gridless measuring matrix for sparse channel estimation which contains an off-grid adjusting factor.The Relevance Vector Machine(RVM) algorithm is employed to estimate this factor.The numerical experiments for two different underwater channels are performed to testify the newly proposed method.The results demonstrate that this method outperforms conventional ones in terms of estimating error and bit error rate,especially when the grid gets coarser.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2023350 to Xiaoxiao Gao).
文摘Dear Editor,Viruses of the genus Orthoebolavirus cause sporadic outbreaks of severe haemorrhagic fever,with case fatality rates ranging from 25%to 90%(Mahanty and Bray,2004).Six species of the virus(Orthoebolavirus zairense,sudanense,bundibugyoense,taiense,restonense,and bombaliense)have so far been identified(Biedenkopf et al.,2023).Among these,Orthoebolavirus zairense,commonly known as Ebola virus(EBOV),stands out as the most virulent.Given its high contagiousness and lethality,EBOV must be manipulated under biosafety level 4(BSL-4)conditions,as stipulated by the the People's Republic of China's list of human pathogenic microorganisms(National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,2023).Prior to being removed from a BSL-4 laboratory,it is imperative that infectious EBOV undergoes complete inactivation.Here we systematically evaluate viral thermostability under BSL-4 containment conditions,demonstrating EBOV's marked thermotolerance.
文摘The emergence of the Qing—Zang plateau is among the most important geological events on the globe since the Cenozoic Era. Many geological issues can find answer from here. The major issues concerning plateau probably have three: (1) geodynamics, timing and speed of the plateau uplift;(2) The plateau uplift impact on surrounding environment;(3) mineral resources in the plateau. The authors want to focuses on first issue based on volcanisms occurred in interior and surrounding of the plateau, The new opinions are following:(1) Each volcanic eruptive episode corresponded to strong uplift stage;(2) The dynamic mechanism of the plateau uplift can not ignore another force from west beyond collision between Indian and Eurasia plates from South;(3) The surrounding volcanic chain is not only related to the collision from South, but also from west.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.40271064 and 30170032)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin,China (No.05YFJMJC05100)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Project of the Education Administration of Hubei Province,China (No.Q200611007)the Key Research Program of Wuhan University of Science and Technology,China (No.2006XZ4).
文摘The adsorption and desorption of the toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis strain WG-001 on rectorite were studied at different toxin and/or rectorite concentrations, pH values and temperatures. The insecticidal activity of the adsorbed toxin was evaluated by determining the lethal concentration to kill 50% of the larvae of Heliothis armigera （LC50）. The adsorption of the toxin on rectorite in sodium carbonate buffer （pH 9） reached equilibrium within 0.5-1.0 h and the adsorption isotherm of the toxin followed the Langmuir equation （R^2 〉 0.99）. In the pH range from 9 to 11 （carbonate buffer）, the adsorbed toxin decreased with increasing pH. The adsorption amounts decreased with increasing rectorite：toxin ratio. The adsorption was not significantly affected by the temperature between 10 and 50 ℃. The X- ray diffraction analysis indicated occurrence of the intercalation of the rectorite by the toxin. The infrared absorption spectrum showed that the binding of the toxin did not alter its structure. The LC50 wlues of the adsorbed toxin were smaller than those of the free toxin. The rectorite protected the toxin from ultraviolet irradiation damage. The desorption of the adsorbed toxin in water ranged from 37.5% to 56.4% and from 27.4% to 41.8% in a carbonate buffer. The desorption percentage also decreased with increasing rectorite：toxin ratio.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0902800)Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(52094017003D)supported this work.
文摘Distribution networks in China and several other countries are predominantly neutral inefficiently grounding systems(NIGSs),and more than 80%of the faults in distribution networks are single-phase-to-ground(SPG)faults.Because of the weak fault current and imperfect monitoring equipment configurations,methods used to determine the faulty line secti ons with SPG faults in NIGSs are in effective.The developme nt and application of distributi on-level phasor measurement units(PMUs)provide further comprehensive fault information for fault diagnosis in a distribution network.When an SPG fault occurs,the transient energy of the faulted line section tends to be higher than the sum of the transient energies of other line sections.In this regard,transient energy-based fault location algorithms appear to be a promising resolution.In this study,a field test plan was designed and implemented for a 10 kV distribution network.The test results dem on strate the effective ness of the transient en ergy-based SPG locati on method in practical distributi on networks.
文摘Die libysch-berberischen Volker des nordafrikanischen Wustengurtels west lich des Nils wurden im Alten Agypten mit dem Ethnonym Temehu (agypt: Tmhw, vokalisierte Form hochstwahrscheinlich im Singular Tumalh und im Plural Tumha(?)w) belegt. Die Quellen des Alten Reiches erwahnen diese Temehu sudwestlich des Nils, bzw. westlich des Landes Nubien, die Quellen des Mittleren und Neuen Reiches dagegen lokalisieren die Temehu in den westlichen Oasen und in der Wiistenregion nordwestlich davon, d.h.
文摘Bei seinen Bemuhungen um die Stilistik agyptischer Texte ging H. Grapow an verschiedenen Stellen auf die ,,Hymnenform in pw-Satzen' ein. Als ein wichtiges Kriterium stellte er dabei heraus, daβ es sich hierbei nicht um Hymnen an, sondern um Hymnen auf den Konig handelt.2 Mit ihrem deskriptiven Charakter, durch den sie Aussagen uber den Konig machen (NN pw - ,,Ein NN ist er'), entfaltet diese Form der Hymnen Wesenszuge des Konigs (besser: dogmatische Charakteristika des Konigtums) und setzt sich damit gegen
文摘Die Grundlagen des Attischen Seebundes wurden zwischen Herbst 478 und Frühjahr 477 v. Chr. gelegt, als zwischen den attischen und ionischen St?dtevereinigungen zum Zwecke der Verteidigung gegen die von den Persern geführten Angriffe ein
文摘In dieser Abhandlung legt der Verfasser die Bedeutung der Ozeanographiesowie die Beziehungen zwischen ihr und anderen Wissenschaften dar. Es gifolgende fümf Punkte zu schildern:
文摘Es werden nach neuen Beobachtungen und Arbeitenüber die Meeresstro-mungen im allgemeinen und in den einzelnen Ozeanensowie ihre Schichtung und Tiefenzirkulation besprochen.Dies wird in vier Abschnitten geteilt:(1)Atmosphärische Einfluisse an der Meeresoberfläsche und dadurch hervorgerufene Meeresstromungen,(2)Die ozeanische Troposphare und die ozeanische Stratosphare,(3)Die troposiphÃrischen Strömungen der einzelnen Ozeane,(4)Die stratosphÃrische Zirkulation im allgemeinen und in den Ozeanen.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61431020)
文摘In the scenario of underwater acoustic sparse channel estimation with training sequences,grid points in the measuring matrix are caused by discretizing procedure.Estimated accuracy might not be guaranteed with the state-of-the-art methods when multipath delays don't exactly locate on the grid points.In this paper,we construct a gridless measuring matrix for sparse channel estimation which contains an off-grid adjusting factor.The Relevance Vector Machine(RVM) algorithm is employed to estimate this factor.The numerical experiments for two different underwater channels are performed to testify the newly proposed method.The results demonstrate that this method outperforms conventional ones in terms of estimating error and bit error rate,especially when the grid gets coarser.
