Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
Background:Hearing loss(HL)is one major cause of disability and can lead to social impairments.However,the relationship between loneliness and the risk of incident HL remains unclear.Our study aimed to investigate thi...Background:Hearing loss(HL)is one major cause of disability and can lead to social impairments.However,the relationship between loneliness and the risk of incident HL remains unclear.Our study aimed to investigate this association among adults in the UK.Methods:This cohort study was based on data from the UK Biobank study.Loneliness was assessed by asking participants if they often felt lonely.Incident HL was defined as a primary diagnosis,ascertained via linkage to electronic health records.Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the association between loneliness and risk of incident HL.Results:Our analyses included 490,865 participants[mean(SD)age,56.5(8.1)years;54.4%female],among whom 90,893(18.5%)reported feeling lonely at baseline.Over a median follow-up period of 12.3 years(interquartile range,11.3 to 13.1),11,596 participants were diagnosed with incident HL.Compared to non-lonely participants,lonely individuals exhibited an increased risk of HL[hazard ratio(HR),1.36;95%confidence interval(CI),1.30 to 1.43].This association remained(HR,1.24;95%CI,1.17 to 1.31)after adjusting for potential confounders,including age,sex,socioeconomic status,biological and lifestyle factors,social isolation,depression,chronic diseases,use of ototoxic drugs,and genetic risk of HL.The joint analysis showed that loneliness was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident HL across all levels of genetic risks for HL.Conclusions:Loneliness was associated with the risk of incident HL independent of other prominent risk factors.Social enhancement strategies aimed at alleviating loneliness may prove beneficial in HL prevention.展开更多
Objective:Evidence pertaining to the associations between hyperuricemia and diabetic microvascular complications is limited and inconclusive.In this study,we aimed to prospectively investigate the independent associat...Objective:Evidence pertaining to the associations between hyperuricemia and diabetic microvascular complications is limited and inconclusive.In this study,we aimed to prospectively investigate the independent associations of hyperuricemia and retinopathy,nephropathy and neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This cohort study enrolled 25,094 participants from UK Biobank with T2DM and without microvascular complications at baseline.Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid(SUA)higher than 420μmol/L.The incidence of diabetic microvascular complications was identified from hospital inpatient records that were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)-10 coding system.Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios(aHR).Results:Among all participants,3,844(15.3%)were classified as having hyperuricemia at baseline.During a median follow-up of 14.0 years,555(14.4%)individuals with hyperuricemia developed diabetic microvascular complications,compared with 12.6%of individuals without hyperuricemia(P=0.002).In the multivariable-adjusted model accounted for socioeconomic status,lifestyle factors,physical and biochemical measurements,and medication use,when compared with individuals of T2DM who had a normal SUA level,those with hyperuricemia had an 82.9%higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy(95%CI:1.41-2.38,P<0.001),and a 30.2%higher risk of diabetic neuropathy(95%CI:1.06-1.60,P=0.011).However,the association between hyperuricemia and diabetic retinopathy was not statistically significant(aHR:1.070,95%CI:0.94-1.22,P=0.320).Conclusions:Hyperuricemia was independently associated with diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy but not retinopathy in individuals with T2DM.These findings underscore the importance of monitoring SUA level in prevention of certain microvascular complications.展开更多
Background:Although loneliness and social isolation are proposed as important risk factors for metabolic diseases,their associations with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)have not been elucidated.Th...Background:Although loneliness and social isolation are proposed as important risk factors for metabolic diseases,their associations with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)have not been elucidated.The aims of this study were to determine whether loneliness and social isolation are independently associated with the risk of NAFLD and to explore potential mediators for the observed associations.Methods:In this large prospective cohort analysis with 405,073 participants of the UK Biobank,the status of loneliness and social isolation was assessed through self-administrated questionnaires at study recruitment.The primary endpoint of interest was incident NAFLD.Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between loneliness,social isolation,and risk of NAFLD.Results:During a median follow-up of 13.6 years,there were 5,570 cases of NAFLD identified.In the multivariable-adjusted model,loneliness and social isolation were both statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of NAFLD(HR=1.22 and 1.13,respectively).No significant multiplicative or additive interaction was found between loneliness and social isolation on the risk of NAFLD.The mediation analysis estimated that 30.4%,16.2%,5.3%,4.1%,10.5%,and 33.2% of the loneliness-NAFLD association was mediated by unhealthy lifestyle score,obesity,current smoking,irregular physical activity,suboptimal sleep duration,and depression,respectively.On the other hand,25.6%,10.1%,15.5%,10.1%,8.1%,11.6%,9.6%,4.8%,and 3.0% of the social isolation–NAFLD association was mediated by unhealthy lifestyle score,obesity,current smoking,irregular physical activity,suboptimal sleep duration,depression,C-reactive protein,count of white blood cells,and count of neutrophils,respectively.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that loneliness and social isolation were associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD,independent of other important risk factors.These associations were partially mediated by lifestyle,depression,and inflammatory factors.Our findings substantiate the importance of loneliness and social isolation in the development of NAFLD.展开更多
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
基金supported by the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(grant number 2020QNRC001 to Y.X.)the LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program(grant number XLYC2203168 to Y.X.)+1 种基金the 345 Talent Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University(grant number M0294 to Y.X.)the Scientific Research Project of the Liaoning Province Education Department(grant number LJKMZ20221149 to Y.X.).
文摘Background:Hearing loss(HL)is one major cause of disability and can lead to social impairments.However,the relationship between loneliness and the risk of incident HL remains unclear.Our study aimed to investigate this association among adults in the UK.Methods:This cohort study was based on data from the UK Biobank study.Loneliness was assessed by asking participants if they often felt lonely.Incident HL was defined as a primary diagnosis,ascertained via linkage to electronic health records.Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the association between loneliness and risk of incident HL.Results:Our analyses included 490,865 participants[mean(SD)age,56.5(8.1)years;54.4%female],among whom 90,893(18.5%)reported feeling lonely at baseline.Over a median follow-up period of 12.3 years(interquartile range,11.3 to 13.1),11,596 participants were diagnosed with incident HL.Compared to non-lonely participants,lonely individuals exhibited an increased risk of HL[hazard ratio(HR),1.36;95%confidence interval(CI),1.30 to 1.43].This association remained(HR,1.24;95%CI,1.17 to 1.31)after adjusting for potential confounders,including age,sex,socioeconomic status,biological and lifestyle factors,social isolation,depression,chronic diseases,use of ototoxic drugs,and genetic risk of HL.The joint analysis showed that loneliness was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident HL across all levels of genetic risks for HL.Conclusions:Loneliness was associated with the risk of incident HL independent of other prominent risk factors.Social enhancement strategies aimed at alleviating loneliness may prove beneficial in HL prevention.
基金supported by the Guangzhou Basic Research Program,City&University(Institute)Joint Funding Project(2023A03J0174).
文摘Objective:Evidence pertaining to the associations between hyperuricemia and diabetic microvascular complications is limited and inconclusive.In this study,we aimed to prospectively investigate the independent associations of hyperuricemia and retinopathy,nephropathy and neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This cohort study enrolled 25,094 participants from UK Biobank with T2DM and without microvascular complications at baseline.Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid(SUA)higher than 420μmol/L.The incidence of diabetic microvascular complications was identified from hospital inpatient records that were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)-10 coding system.Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios(aHR).Results:Among all participants,3,844(15.3%)were classified as having hyperuricemia at baseline.During a median follow-up of 14.0 years,555(14.4%)individuals with hyperuricemia developed diabetic microvascular complications,compared with 12.6%of individuals without hyperuricemia(P=0.002).In the multivariable-adjusted model accounted for socioeconomic status,lifestyle factors,physical and biochemical measurements,and medication use,when compared with individuals of T2DM who had a normal SUA level,those with hyperuricemia had an 82.9%higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy(95%CI:1.41-2.38,P<0.001),and a 30.2%higher risk of diabetic neuropathy(95%CI:1.06-1.60,P=0.011).However,the association between hyperuricemia and diabetic retinopathy was not statistically significant(aHR:1.070,95%CI:0.94-1.22,P=0.320).Conclusions:Hyperuricemia was independently associated with diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy but not retinopathy in individuals with T2DM.These findings underscore the importance of monitoring SUA level in prevention of certain microvascular complications.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Program of FuRong Laboratory(2024PT5105)the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZD0508200 and 2023ZD0508201)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82100949 and 82470931)the Outstanding Young Investigator Award of Hunan Province(2022JJ10094)the Central South University Research Programme of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies(2023QYJC008)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82325008 and 92268110).
文摘Background:Although loneliness and social isolation are proposed as important risk factors for metabolic diseases,their associations with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)have not been elucidated.The aims of this study were to determine whether loneliness and social isolation are independently associated with the risk of NAFLD and to explore potential mediators for the observed associations.Methods:In this large prospective cohort analysis with 405,073 participants of the UK Biobank,the status of loneliness and social isolation was assessed through self-administrated questionnaires at study recruitment.The primary endpoint of interest was incident NAFLD.Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between loneliness,social isolation,and risk of NAFLD.Results:During a median follow-up of 13.6 years,there were 5,570 cases of NAFLD identified.In the multivariable-adjusted model,loneliness and social isolation were both statistically significantly associated with an increased risk of NAFLD(HR=1.22 and 1.13,respectively).No significant multiplicative or additive interaction was found between loneliness and social isolation on the risk of NAFLD.The mediation analysis estimated that 30.4%,16.2%,5.3%,4.1%,10.5%,and 33.2% of the loneliness-NAFLD association was mediated by unhealthy lifestyle score,obesity,current smoking,irregular physical activity,suboptimal sleep duration,and depression,respectively.On the other hand,25.6%,10.1%,15.5%,10.1%,8.1%,11.6%,9.6%,4.8%,and 3.0% of the social isolation–NAFLD association was mediated by unhealthy lifestyle score,obesity,current smoking,irregular physical activity,suboptimal sleep duration,depression,C-reactive protein,count of white blood cells,and count of neutrophils,respectively.Conclusions:Our study demonstrated that loneliness and social isolation were associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD,independent of other important risk factors.These associations were partially mediated by lifestyle,depression,and inflammatory factors.Our findings substantiate the importance of loneliness and social isolation in the development of NAFLD.
