Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity p...Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.展开更多
Background(1)To investigate the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and the incidence of all-cause dementia(ACD),Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and vascular dementia(VD)in individuals with diabetes.(2)To assess th...Background(1)To investigate the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and the incidence of all-cause dementia(ACD),Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and vascular dementia(VD)in individuals with diabetes.(2)To assess the relationship among age at diabetes diagnosis,dementia polygenic risk score(PRS),APOEε4 carrier status,and risk of ACD.Methods In a large,population-based cohort with a median follow-up of 13.4 years,participants were stratified by age at diabetes diagnosis(<50,50–60,and>60 years).Cox proportional hazards models were used,adjusted for multiple covariates.Genetic risk was assessed using dementia PRS,and APOEε4 carrier status was considered in the analysis.Results(1)Individuals diagnosed at ages 50–60(hazard ratio(HR)=0.71,95%CI:0.55–0.93,P=0.0117)and>60 years(HR=0.59,95%CI:0.44–0.79,P<0.001)had significantly lower ACD risk compared to those diagnosed at age<50 years.(2)Genetic risk stratification:among participants with intermediate and high dementia PRS,diabetes diagnosis at age>60 years was associated with reduced ACD risk(intermediate PRS:HR=0.66,95%CI:0.44–0.97,P=0.0035;high PRS:HR=0.46,95%CI:0.26–0.83,P=0.009).(3)APOEε4 carrier analysis:in APOEε4 carriers,diagnosis of diabetes at>60 years(HR=0.43,95%CI:0.29–0.64,P<0.001)and at 50–60 years(HR=0.69,95%CI:0.40–0.85,P=0.005)was associated with a significantly reduced risk of ACD compared to diagnosis at age<50 years.Conclusion Later onset of diabetes(age≥50)is associated with a lower risk of ACD,particularly among individuals with higher genetic susceptibility to dementia,including APOEε4 carriers.These findings highlight the importance of early diabetes management and targeted lifestyle interventions in high-risk populations to potentially reduce dementia risk.展开更多
Objective:Evidence pertaining to the associations between hyperuricemia and diabetic microvascular complications is limited and inconclusive.In this study,we aimed to prospectively investigate the independent associat...Objective:Evidence pertaining to the associations between hyperuricemia and diabetic microvascular complications is limited and inconclusive.In this study,we aimed to prospectively investigate the independent associations of hyperuricemia and retinopathy,nephropathy and neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This cohort study enrolled 25,094 participants from UK Biobank with T2DM and without microvascular complications at baseline.Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid(SUA)higher than 420μmol/L.The incidence of diabetic microvascular complications was identified from hospital inpatient records that were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)-10 coding system.Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios(aHR).Results:Among all participants,3,844(15.3%)were classified as having hyperuricemia at baseline.During a median follow-up of 14.0 years,555(14.4%)individuals with hyperuricemia developed diabetic microvascular complications,compared with 12.6%of individuals without hyperuricemia(P=0.002).In the multivariable-adjusted model accounted for socioeconomic status,lifestyle factors,physical and biochemical measurements,and medication use,when compared with individuals of T2DM who had a normal SUA level,those with hyperuricemia had an 82.9%higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy(95%CI:1.41-2.38,P<0.001),and a 30.2%higher risk of diabetic neuropathy(95%CI:1.06-1.60,P=0.011).However,the association between hyperuricemia and diabetic retinopathy was not statistically significant(aHR:1.070,95%CI:0.94-1.22,P=0.320).Conclusions:Hyperuricemia was independently associated with diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy but not retinopathy in individuals with T2DM.These findings underscore the importance of monitoring SUA level in prevention of certain microvascular complications.展开更多
The casting production in the UK in 2004 is presented and analysed. The UK casting industry has played an important role in world casting and manufacturing production. However recent years the rapid development of som...The casting production in the UK in 2004 is presented and analysed. The UK casting industry has played an important role in world casting and manufacturing production. However recent years the rapid development of some developing countries has been shifting the casting production from the western industrialized countries including the UK. The UK casting industry and associated research and technology organizations, universities have been working together very hard to face the serious competition to make the UK casting industry have a sustainable future. The UK casting industry remains strong and plays an important role in world casting and manufacturing production.展开更多
文摘Rowlands et al.1present an analysis of accelerometer data from the UK Biobank cohort,examining variations in the duration,intensity,and accumulation of moderate-intensity physical activity(MPA)and vigorous-intensity physical activity(VPA)sufficient to reduce the risk of all-cause mortality.In this study,the authors questioned if shorter durations(i.e.,1,2,3,4,5,10,15,and 20 min/day)of MPA and VPA performed continuously or accumulated throughout the day would equally reduce the risks of all-cause mortality as longer duration MPA and VPA recommended in the physical activity(PA)guidelines.
基金supported by Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization(2021B1212040007)Special Projects for Scientific and Technological Research in Chinese Medicine and Ethnomedicine(QZYY-2024-035)+3 种基金Scientific and Technological Innovation 2030(2023ZD0505804,2023ZD0505800,and 2024YFF0507500)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2500100 and 2021YFC2500103)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82471212,82071187,82360387,and 81870821)Key Project of Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(202301AS070037 and 202305AK340001).
文摘Background(1)To investigate the association between age at diabetes diagnosis and the incidence of all-cause dementia(ACD),Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and vascular dementia(VD)in individuals with diabetes.(2)To assess the relationship among age at diabetes diagnosis,dementia polygenic risk score(PRS),APOEε4 carrier status,and risk of ACD.Methods In a large,population-based cohort with a median follow-up of 13.4 years,participants were stratified by age at diabetes diagnosis(<50,50–60,and>60 years).Cox proportional hazards models were used,adjusted for multiple covariates.Genetic risk was assessed using dementia PRS,and APOEε4 carrier status was considered in the analysis.Results(1)Individuals diagnosed at ages 50–60(hazard ratio(HR)=0.71,95%CI:0.55–0.93,P=0.0117)and>60 years(HR=0.59,95%CI:0.44–0.79,P<0.001)had significantly lower ACD risk compared to those diagnosed at age<50 years.(2)Genetic risk stratification:among participants with intermediate and high dementia PRS,diabetes diagnosis at age>60 years was associated with reduced ACD risk(intermediate PRS:HR=0.66,95%CI:0.44–0.97,P=0.0035;high PRS:HR=0.46,95%CI:0.26–0.83,P=0.009).(3)APOEε4 carrier analysis:in APOEε4 carriers,diagnosis of diabetes at>60 years(HR=0.43,95%CI:0.29–0.64,P<0.001)and at 50–60 years(HR=0.69,95%CI:0.40–0.85,P=0.005)was associated with a significantly reduced risk of ACD compared to diagnosis at age<50 years.Conclusion Later onset of diabetes(age≥50)is associated with a lower risk of ACD,particularly among individuals with higher genetic susceptibility to dementia,including APOEε4 carriers.These findings highlight the importance of early diabetes management and targeted lifestyle interventions in high-risk populations to potentially reduce dementia risk.
基金supported by the Guangzhou Basic Research Program,City&University(Institute)Joint Funding Project(2023A03J0174).
文摘Objective:Evidence pertaining to the associations between hyperuricemia and diabetic microvascular complications is limited and inconclusive.In this study,we aimed to prospectively investigate the independent associations of hyperuricemia and retinopathy,nephropathy and neuropathy in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:This cohort study enrolled 25,094 participants from UK Biobank with T2DM and without microvascular complications at baseline.Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid(SUA)higher than 420μmol/L.The incidence of diabetic microvascular complications was identified from hospital inpatient records that were coded according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)-10 coding system.Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios(aHR).Results:Among all participants,3,844(15.3%)were classified as having hyperuricemia at baseline.During a median follow-up of 14.0 years,555(14.4%)individuals with hyperuricemia developed diabetic microvascular complications,compared with 12.6%of individuals without hyperuricemia(P=0.002).In the multivariable-adjusted model accounted for socioeconomic status,lifestyle factors,physical and biochemical measurements,and medication use,when compared with individuals of T2DM who had a normal SUA level,those with hyperuricemia had an 82.9%higher risk of developing diabetic nephropathy(95%CI:1.41-2.38,P<0.001),and a 30.2%higher risk of diabetic neuropathy(95%CI:1.06-1.60,P=0.011).However,the association between hyperuricemia and diabetic retinopathy was not statistically significant(aHR:1.070,95%CI:0.94-1.22,P=0.320).Conclusions:Hyperuricemia was independently associated with diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy but not retinopathy in individuals with T2DM.These findings underscore the importance of monitoring SUA level in prevention of certain microvascular complications.
文摘The casting production in the UK in 2004 is presented and analysed. The UK casting industry has played an important role in world casting and manufacturing production. However recent years the rapid development of some developing countries has been shifting the casting production from the western industrialized countries including the UK. The UK casting industry and associated research and technology organizations, universities have been working together very hard to face the serious competition to make the UK casting industry have a sustainable future. The UK casting industry remains strong and plays an important role in world casting and manufacturing production.
