In this paper,we study the uniqueness of positive solutions to the following semilinear equations{-Δu=λ|x|^(α)ue^(u^(2)),in B_(1),u=0,onδB_(1)ueu2;in B_(1);u=0;on@B_(1);whereλ>0,α>-2;B_(1)denotes the unit ...In this paper,we study the uniqueness of positive solutions to the following semilinear equations{-Δu=λ|x|^(α)ue^(u^(2)),in B_(1),u=0,onδB_(1)ueu2;in B_(1);u=0;on@B_(1);whereλ>0,α>-2;B_(1)denotes the unit disk in R^(2):By delicate and relatively complicated computation of radial solutions to the above equation and the asymptotic expansion of solutions near the boundary of B_(1),the uniqueness of positive solutions is obtained.The results of this paper extend the uniqueness result for the semilinear equation with critical exponential growth in CHEN et al.(2022)to the case that includes a Henon term.展开更多
Legal case classification involves the categorization of legal documents into predefined categories,which facilitates legal information retrieval and case management.However,real-world legal datasets often suffer from...Legal case classification involves the categorization of legal documents into predefined categories,which facilitates legal information retrieval and case management.However,real-world legal datasets often suffer from class imbalances due to the uneven distribution of case types across legal domains.This leads to biased model performance,in the form of high accuracy for overrepresented categories and underperformance for minority classes.To address this issue,in this study,we propose a data augmentation method that masks unimportant terms within a document selectively while preserving key terms fromthe perspective of the legal domain.This approach enhances data diversity and improves the generalization capability of conventional models.Our experiments demonstrate consistent improvements achieved by the proposed augmentation strategy in terms of accuracy and F1 score across all models,validating the effectiveness of the proposed method in legal case classification.展开更多
Soil organic carbon(SOC)dynamics significantly influence ecosystem carbon source-sink balance,particularly in agroecosystems.However,uncertainty remains regarding optimal land use types for maximizing farmland carbon ...Soil organic carbon(SOC)dynamics significantly influence ecosystem carbon source-sink balance,particularly in agroecosystems.However,uncertainty remains regarding optimal land use types for maximizing farmland carbon storage across different soil types,and identifying effective land management practices for enhanced carbon accumulation is essential for reducing agricultural emissions and strengthening carbon sinks.This study examined SOC variations in eastern Yunnan’s subtropical highlands(2,132 sites),analyzing topsoil(0–20 cm)across five land uses(dryland,irrigated land,forestland,grassland and plantation)of five soil types(red,yellow,yellowbrown,brown,purple).The investigation explored relationships between SOC and edaphic factors(26 elements)to determine SOC influencing factors.The study area demonstrated a mean SOC content of 27.78 g kg^(–1),with distinct spatial heterogeneity characterized by lower values in the southwestern sector and higher concentrations in the northeastern region.Brown soils displayed the highest SOC content(P<0.05),followed by yellow-brown then red,yellow,and purple soils.Irrigation significantly enhanced SOC storage,particularly in brown soils where irrigated land contained 2.2-,2.4-,and 1.6-times higher SOC than forestland,grassland,and dryland,respectively.Similar irrigation benefits occurred in purple,yellow,and yellow-brown soils,indicating moisture limitation as the primary SOC constraint.Notably,SOC exhibited strong positive correlations with nitrogen,sulfur,and selenium.Nitrogen fertilization demonstrated dual benefits:enhancing SOC sequestration and promoting Se enrichment in crops,potentially supporting specialty agriculture.Although land use impacts on SOC varied across soil types(P>0.05),irrigation consistently emerged as the optimal management for carbon sink enhancement.These findings suggest that targeted water management could effectively reduce farmland carbon emissions in moisture-limited subtropical highlands.Strategic nitrogen application offers co-benefits for soil fertility and selenium biofortification,providing practical pathways for climate-smart agriculture in similar ecoregions.展开更多
For the complex nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations,it is not easy to prove the Pogorelov type estimates.In this paper,we study a class of complex Hessian quotient type equations in convex cone Γ_(k),wh...For the complex nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations,it is not easy to prove the Pogorelov type estimates.In this paper,we study a class of complex Hessian quotient type equations in convex cone Γ_(k),which is of mixed Hessian type.For the Γ_(k)-admissible solutions,we establish the corresponding Pogorelov estimates with 0≤l<k<n and Pogorelov type estimates with l+1<k=n and l≥0.These extend the previous related results on the real Hessian quotient type equations.展开更多
Background:Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a chronic illness with potentially fatal and debilitating consequences.Problems with glycemic management are a major issue that adds an added strain to public health services.Objecti...Background:Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a chronic illness with potentially fatal and debilitating consequences.Problems with glycemic management are a major issue that adds an added strain to public health services.Objectives:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of poor glycemic control and its related variables among type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients in southern Jordan.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Prince Hashem bin Abdullah II Hospital in Jordan's southernmost province.For the period April–July 2024,516 individuals with T2D were enrolled.A structured questionnaire that had been pre-prepared was used to collect data.As an index of glycemic control,a glycated hemoglobin(Hb A1c)7%cut-off point was adopted.Results:Poor glycemic control was prevalent in 81.0%of T2DM individuals.Inadequate glycemic control was significantly worse in non-married patients and those with 10 or more years of diabetes duration,insulin treatment,dyslipidemia,neuropathy,cardiovascular illness,and glomerular filtration rate(GFR=60 m L/min;[P<0.05]).Moreover,dyslipidemia and insulin administration increased the likelihood of poor glycemic control(odds ratio[OR]:2 and 5,respectively)(P<0.05).Conclusions:Inadequate glycemic control was common among the current study par ticipants.To prevent disease consequences and enhance the health of patients with diabetes,health care professionals should pay special attention to related risk factors such as dyslipidemia,neuropathy,cardiovascular disease(CVD),extended illness duration,and insulin usage.展开更多
Background:This study aims to analyze the genotypes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Clostridioides difficile(C.difficile)isolated from children under 5 years old with diarrhea in Yunnan Province.Methods:F...Background:This study aims to analyze the genotypes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Clostridioides difficile(C.difficile)isolated from children under 5 years old with diarrhea in Yunnan Province.Methods:Fecal samples from children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in Kunming city from 2013-2019 were collected for anaerobic culture,isolation,and identification of C.difficile.The antibiotic susceptibility tests and molecular typing of isolated strains were also performed.Results:44 strains of C.difficile were isolated from 896 fecal samples.Of these,40 strains(90.9%)were positive for both tcdA and tcdB,while 4 strains(9.1%)were negative for both.All isolates were negative for cdtA and cdtB.The isolates were classified into 13 STs,the predominant types were ST3(13 strains,29.5%),ST35(8 strains,18.2%),and ST54(5 strains,11.4%).All the strains were susceptible to metronidazole,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,vancomycin,and amoxicillin.The highest resistance rate was observed against gentamicin(86.36%),followed by polymyxin E(84.09%),quinupristin-dalfopristin(61.36%),and ceftazidime(36.36%).Some patients with diarrhea had C.difficile co-infections with other pathogens,including norovirus,adenovirus,rotavirus or Salmonella or Escherichia coli.Conclusion:C.difficile strains isolated from children under 5 years of age are mostly toxigenic,and the MLST results are highly diverse.Monitoring and prevention of C.difficile should be strengthened.展开更多
[Objectives]To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,spectrum of comorbidities,and complications among inpatients with gout.[Methods]Data from 592 gout pa...[Objectives]To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,spectrum of comorbidities,and complications among inpatients with gout.[Methods]Data from 592 gout patients admitted in the Department of Rheumatology at Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between January 2018 and December 2024 were retrospectively collected.The data collected encompassed patient gender,age,TCM syndrome types,underlying comorbidities,infection status,and major complications,including renal insufficiency,interstitial lung disease,and osteoporosis.Descriptive statistical analyses were subsequently performed.[Results]Among the 592 inpatients,80.75%were male and 19.25%were female.A total of 94.76%patients had at least one underlying condition,with hypertension(80.74%),cerebral infarction(29.59%),heart disease(24.24%),and diabetes(21.56%)being the most prevalent.The primary TCM syndrome types identified were damp-heat obstruction syndrome(63.51%)and phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome(21.11%).During hospitalization,20.94%of patients experienced concurrent infections,predominantly pulmonary infections(38.10%).The principal complications observed included renal insufficiency(32.09%),interstitial lung disease(18.75%),and osteoporosis(9.29%).[Conclusions]Inpatients diagnosed with gout often present with complex conditions and a high burden of comorbidities,predominantly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,as well as metabolic disorders.Additionally,there is a high incidence of infections and renal insufficiency within this population.TCM syndrome types in these patients are primarily characterized by damp-heat obstruction.In clinical practice,a comprehensive management approach that incorporates multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended.Alongside the control of uric acid levels and joint inflammation,proactive screening and management of comorbidities and related complications are essential.展开更多
Soil fertility and forest structure influence tree carbon stocks.However,it remains unclear how tree mycorrhizal types affect these relationships.This study addressed the question of how aboveground and belowground tr...Soil fertility and forest structure influence tree carbon stocks.However,it remains unclear how tree mycorrhizal types affect these relationships.This study addressed the question of how aboveground and belowground tree carbon stocks in soils with different mycorrhizal types are affected by soil fertility and forest structure.Tree demographic data were used from a 21.12-ha study area collected over a ten-year period(2009-2019),covering 43species of woody plants and more than 50,000 individuals.Relationships between tree carbon stock,soil fertility and forest structure(stand density,diameter variation,species diversity and spatial distribution)were examined,as well as whether these relationships differed between arbuscular mycorrhiza and ectomycorrhizal mycorrhiza groups in a typical temperate conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest.We found that total tree carbon stock was positively impacted by variations in stand density and tree diameter but negatively influenced by soil fertility,tree species diversity and uniform angle index.Soil fertility promoted carbon stock of trees associated with arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM)but inhibited the carbon stock of trees with ectomycorrhizal mycorrhiza fungi(EcM).Carbon stock of AM trees was mainly influenced by soil fertility,while carbon stock of EcM trees was influenced by stand density.Our findings show that mycorrhizae types mediate the impact of stand structure and soil fertility on tree carbon stocks and provides new evidence on how forest tree carbon stocks may be enhanced based on the types of mycorrhizal associations.Tree species with different mycorrhizal types can be managed in different ways.展开更多
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD)is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is also a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), making early identification...Diabetic kidney disease (DKD)is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is also a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), making early identification and intervention crucial. Insulin resistance (IR)is a key pathophysiological mechanism of T2DM and plays a central role in the progression of DKD. In recent years, a series of novel surrogate indicators of IR, such as the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), have attracted widespread attention due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. This article reviews the research progress of novel surrogate indicators of insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD), aiming to provide references for the early prevention and improved prognosis of DKD.展开更多
Insight into the carbon turnover in soil aggregates and density fractions is essential for reducing the uncertainty in estimating carbon pools on the Tibetan Plateau,and how they vary with land use type is unclear.In ...Insight into the carbon turnover in soil aggregates and density fractions is essential for reducing the uncertainty in estimating carbon pools on the Tibetan Plateau,and how they vary with land use type is unclear.In this study,the effect of land use type on carbon storage and fractionation was quantified based on organic carbon and its^(13)C abundance at the microscale of soil aggregates and density fractions in Tibetan alpine ecosystems.The sequence of soil aggregate destruction in the land use types of plantation(13.1%)<shrubland(32.7%)<grassland(47.9%)<farmland(61.8%)shows that plantations strengthen the soil structure.Plantation land had a greater contribution of light fraction organic carbon(28.3%)but a lower contribution of mineral-associated organic carbon(40.6%)to the carbon stock compared to farmland(13.5 and 70.3%).Interestingly,plantation land enhanced the aggregational differentiation of organic carbon and^(13)C in each density fraction,whereas no such phenomenon existed in the soil organic carbon.Carbon isotope analyses revealed that carbon transfer in the plantation land occurred from the light fraction in macroaggregates(–24.9‰)to the mineral-associated fraction in microaggregates(–19.9‰).When compared to the other three land use types,the low transferability of carbon in aggregates and density fractions in plantation land provides a stable carbon pool for the Tibetan Plateau.This study shows that plantations can mitigate global climate change by slowing carbon transfer and increasing carbon storage at the microscale of aggregates and density fractions in alpine regions.展开更多
The goal of this paper is to investigate the long-time dynamics of solutions to a Kirchhoff type suspension bridge equation with nonlinear damping and memory term.For this problem we establish the well-posedness and e...The goal of this paper is to investigate the long-time dynamics of solutions to a Kirchhoff type suspension bridge equation with nonlinear damping and memory term.For this problem we establish the well-posedness and existence of uniform attractor under some suitable assumptions on the nonlinear term g(u),the nonlinear damping f(u_(t))and the external force h(x,t).Specifically,the asymptotic compactness of the semigroup is verified by the energy reconstruction method.展开更多
Objective:This review aimed to evaluate existing evidence of educational interventions targeted at parents and caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes(T1D)to improve diabetes management outcomes.Methods:A general ...Objective:This review aimed to evaluate existing evidence of educational interventions targeted at parents and caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes(T1D)to improve diabetes management outcomes.Methods:A general review was conducted with primary caregivers of children younger than 18 with T1D as the population of interest.Journal searches were performed using the CINAHL,EBSCO,Pub Med,Scopus,Science Direct,and Google Scholar,databases for publications between 2017 and 2024,with full text in English.Results:A total of 26 studies were included in the review.Nine of these studies focused on various educational interventions,both technology-based and non-technology-based.By contrast,17 studies examined the impact of these interventions on caregiver outcomes,such as treatment adherence and glycemic control in children with T1D.So,the following research questions guided this review:(1)What is the effectiveness of diabetes education interventions on glycemic control in children with T1D?(2)How do caregiver knowledge and self-efficacy affect diabetes management outcomes?Conclusions:Diabetes interventions highlight the vital role of empowering caregivers of children with T1D with knowledge,skills,and support to improve and enhance their adherence to treatment,knowledge,and self-efficacy that ultimately contribute to better glycemic control of children as reflected by their Hb A1c levels.This review highlights the importance of diabetes education interventions for caregivers of children with T1D.The evidence indicates that such interventions can improve caregiver knowledge,self-efficacy,and glycemic control in children.However,variability in outcomes suggests that fur ther research is needed to identify the most effective educational strategies.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).MET...AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:A cohort participant without DR diagnosed with T1DM,underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation,optical coherence tomography angiography retinal structural and microvascular density analysis,and systemic parameter assessment.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of systemic parameters on retinal alterations in distinct gender groups.RESULTS:A total of 182 individuals were included,consisting of 85 males(mean age 23.28±12.75y)and 97 females(mean age 22.98±13.68y).Males exhibited significantly greater thickness in both the internal retinal layer and the entire retina compared to females(P<0.01),whereas females had higher densities of deep retinal vessels and choroidal capillaries(P<0.05).Additionally,glycemic control was found to have a notable influence on retinal thickness in males(P<0.05),while insulin function had a more pronounced impact on retinal structure in females(P<0.01).Furthermore,a significant correlation was observed between thyroid function markers and retinal parameters in both male and female(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Sex differences in alterations in retinal structure and microcirculation are observed in individuals with T1DM prior to the development of clinical DR,with a noted association between these changes and systemic parameters.展开更多
While methodology for determining the mode of evolution in coding sequences has been well established,evaluation of adaptation events in emerging types of phenotype data needs further development.Here,we propose an an...While methodology for determining the mode of evolution in coding sequences has been well established,evaluation of adaptation events in emerging types of phenotype data needs further development.Here,we propose an analysis framework(expression variance decomposition,EVaDe)for comparative single-cell expression data based on phenotypic evolution theory.After decomposing the gene expression variance into separate components,we use two strategies to identify genes exhibiting large between-taxon expression divergence and small within-cell-type expression noise in certain cell types,attributing this pattern to putative adaptive evolution.In a dataset of primate prefrontal cortex,we find that such humanspecific key genes enrich with neurodevelopment-related functions,while most other genes exhibit neutral evolution patterns.Specific neuron types are found to harbor more of these key genes than other cell types,thus likely to have experienced more extensive adaptation.Reassuringly,at the molecular sequence level,the key genes are significantly associated with the rapidly evolving conserved non-coding elements.An additional case analysis comparing the naked mole-rat(NMR)with the mouse suggests that innateimmunity-related genes and cell types have undergone putative expression adaptation in NMR.Overall,the EVaDe framework may effectively probe adaptive evolution mode in single-cell expression data.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of switching to either Prandilin 25R monotherapy or Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion du...Objective:To investigate the effects of switching to either Prandilin 25R monotherapy or Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during hospitalization in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on glycemic control,glycometabolic indicators,and cardiovascular risk factors,and to evaluate the safety of the two regimens.Methods:A total of 78 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from January 2025 to September 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 39 cases in each group.The control group received monotherapy with insulin lispro protamine recombinant injection(Prandilin 25R)after intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion,while the observation group received Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)was performed for 14 days during the intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy phase in the hospital,followed by routine fingertip blood glucose monitoring after 14 days.Glycemic control indicators,glycometabolic indicators,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and the 24-hour blood glucose standard deviation were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group,while the time spent within the target blood glucose range was significantly higher(p<0.05).The levels of glycated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were better in the observation group than in the control group;moreover,the body mass index,systolic blood pressure,and blood lipid levels improved more significantly in the observation group than in the control group(p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups.Conclusion:Combination therapy with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy can effectively improve glycemic variability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,with good safety.This suggests that ganagliflozin proline tablets have a hypoglycemic advantage in the combination regimen and possess high clinical promotional value.展开更多
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(12571122,12061010)。
文摘In this paper,we study the uniqueness of positive solutions to the following semilinear equations{-Δu=λ|x|^(α)ue^(u^(2)),in B_(1),u=0,onδB_(1)ueu2;in B_(1);u=0;on@B_(1);whereλ>0,α>-2;B_(1)denotes the unit disk in R^(2):By delicate and relatively complicated computation of radial solutions to the above equation and the asymptotic expansion of solutions near the boundary of B_(1),the uniqueness of positive solutions is obtained.The results of this paper extend the uniqueness result for the semilinear equation with critical exponential growth in CHEN et al.(2022)to the case that includes a Henon term.
基金supported by the Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)[RS-2021-II211341,Artificial Intelligence Graduate School Program(Chung-Ang University)],and by the Chung-Ang University Graduate Research Scholarship in 2024.
文摘Legal case classification involves the categorization of legal documents into predefined categories,which facilitates legal information retrieval and case management.However,real-world legal datasets often suffer from class imbalances due to the uneven distribution of case types across legal domains.This leads to biased model performance,in the form of high accuracy for overrepresented categories and underperformance for minority classes.To address this issue,in this study,we propose a data augmentation method that masks unimportant terms within a document selectively while preserving key terms fromthe perspective of the legal domain.This approach enhances data diversity and improves the generalization capability of conventional models.Our experiments demonstrate consistent improvements achieved by the proposed augmentation strategy in terms of accuracy and F1 score across all models,validating the effectiveness of the proposed method in legal case classification.
基金funded by the Yunnan Provincial Key Programs for Basic Research Project,China(202301AS070087)the Yunnan Provincial R&D Program,China(202405AF140014 and 202302AO370015)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42307058).
文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC)dynamics significantly influence ecosystem carbon source-sink balance,particularly in agroecosystems.However,uncertainty remains regarding optimal land use types for maximizing farmland carbon storage across different soil types,and identifying effective land management practices for enhanced carbon accumulation is essential for reducing agricultural emissions and strengthening carbon sinks.This study examined SOC variations in eastern Yunnan’s subtropical highlands(2,132 sites),analyzing topsoil(0–20 cm)across five land uses(dryland,irrigated land,forestland,grassland and plantation)of five soil types(red,yellow,yellowbrown,brown,purple).The investigation explored relationships between SOC and edaphic factors(26 elements)to determine SOC influencing factors.The study area demonstrated a mean SOC content of 27.78 g kg^(–1),with distinct spatial heterogeneity characterized by lower values in the southwestern sector and higher concentrations in the northeastern region.Brown soils displayed the highest SOC content(P<0.05),followed by yellow-brown then red,yellow,and purple soils.Irrigation significantly enhanced SOC storage,particularly in brown soils where irrigated land contained 2.2-,2.4-,and 1.6-times higher SOC than forestland,grassland,and dryland,respectively.Similar irrigation benefits occurred in purple,yellow,and yellow-brown soils,indicating moisture limitation as the primary SOC constraint.Notably,SOC exhibited strong positive correlations with nitrogen,sulfur,and selenium.Nitrogen fertilization demonstrated dual benefits:enhancing SOC sequestration and promoting Se enrichment in crops,potentially supporting specialty agriculture.Although land use impacts on SOC varied across soil types(P>0.05),irrigation consistently emerged as the optimal management for carbon sink enhancement.These findings suggest that targeted water management could effectively reduce farmland carbon emissions in moisture-limited subtropical highlands.Strategic nitrogen application offers co-benefits for soil fertility and selenium biofortification,providing practical pathways for climate-smart agriculture in similar ecoregions.
文摘For the complex nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations,it is not easy to prove the Pogorelov type estimates.In this paper,we study a class of complex Hessian quotient type equations in convex cone Γ_(k),which is of mixed Hessian type.For the Γ_(k)-admissible solutions,we establish the corresponding Pogorelov estimates with 0≤l<k<n and Pogorelov type estimates with l+1<k=n and l≥0.These extend the previous related results on the real Hessian quotient type equations.
文摘Background:Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a chronic illness with potentially fatal and debilitating consequences.Problems with glycemic management are a major issue that adds an added strain to public health services.Objectives:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of poor glycemic control and its related variables among type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients in southern Jordan.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Prince Hashem bin Abdullah II Hospital in Jordan's southernmost province.For the period April–July 2024,516 individuals with T2D were enrolled.A structured questionnaire that had been pre-prepared was used to collect data.As an index of glycemic control,a glycated hemoglobin(Hb A1c)7%cut-off point was adopted.Results:Poor glycemic control was prevalent in 81.0%of T2DM individuals.Inadequate glycemic control was significantly worse in non-married patients and those with 10 or more years of diabetes duration,insulin treatment,dyslipidemia,neuropathy,cardiovascular illness,and glomerular filtration rate(GFR=60 m L/min;[P<0.05]).Moreover,dyslipidemia and insulin administration increased the likelihood of poor glycemic control(odds ratio[OR]:2 and 5,respectively)(P<0.05).Conclusions:Inadequate glycemic control was common among the current study par ticipants.To prevent disease consequences and enhance the health of patients with diabetes,health care professionals should pay special attention to related risk factors such as dyslipidemia,neuropathy,cardiovascular disease(CVD),extended illness duration,and insulin usage.
基金supported by Yunnan Provincial Key Research and Development Program(grant No.202503AP140034)Infectious Disease Spectrum and Epidemiology Project of YNCDC(grant No.YNAPM2025-003).
文摘Background:This study aims to analyze the genotypes and antibiotic resistance characteristics of Clostridioides difficile(C.difficile)isolated from children under 5 years old with diarrhea in Yunnan Province.Methods:Fecal samples from children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in Kunming city from 2013-2019 were collected for anaerobic culture,isolation,and identification of C.difficile.The antibiotic susceptibility tests and molecular typing of isolated strains were also performed.Results:44 strains of C.difficile were isolated from 896 fecal samples.Of these,40 strains(90.9%)were positive for both tcdA and tcdB,while 4 strains(9.1%)were negative for both.All isolates were negative for cdtA and cdtB.The isolates were classified into 13 STs,the predominant types were ST3(13 strains,29.5%),ST35(8 strains,18.2%),and ST54(5 strains,11.4%).All the strains were susceptible to metronidazole,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,vancomycin,and amoxicillin.The highest resistance rate was observed against gentamicin(86.36%),followed by polymyxin E(84.09%),quinupristin-dalfopristin(61.36%),and ceftazidime(36.36%).Some patients with diarrhea had C.difficile co-infections with other pathogens,including norovirus,adenovirus,rotavirus or Salmonella or Escherichia coli.Conclusion:C.difficile strains isolated from children under 5 years of age are mostly toxigenic,and the MLST results are highly diverse.Monitoring and prevention of C.difficile should be strengthened.
基金Supported by Wuxi Taihu Talent Program(202101)Project of Wu Jieping Medical Foundation(320.6750.2023-03-33).
文摘[Objectives]To analyze the clinical characteristics,distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome types,spectrum of comorbidities,and complications among inpatients with gout.[Methods]Data from 592 gout patients admitted in the Department of Rheumatology at Wuxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital between January 2018 and December 2024 were retrospectively collected.The data collected encompassed patient gender,age,TCM syndrome types,underlying comorbidities,infection status,and major complications,including renal insufficiency,interstitial lung disease,and osteoporosis.Descriptive statistical analyses were subsequently performed.[Results]Among the 592 inpatients,80.75%were male and 19.25%were female.A total of 94.76%patients had at least one underlying condition,with hypertension(80.74%),cerebral infarction(29.59%),heart disease(24.24%),and diabetes(21.56%)being the most prevalent.The primary TCM syndrome types identified were damp-heat obstruction syndrome(63.51%)and phlegm-stasis obstruction syndrome(21.11%).During hospitalization,20.94%of patients experienced concurrent infections,predominantly pulmonary infections(38.10%).The principal complications observed included renal insufficiency(32.09%),interstitial lung disease(18.75%),and osteoporosis(9.29%).[Conclusions]Inpatients diagnosed with gout often present with complex conditions and a high burden of comorbidities,predominantly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,as well as metabolic disorders.Additionally,there is a high incidence of infections and renal insufficiency within this population.TCM syndrome types in these patients are primarily characterized by damp-heat obstruction.In clinical practice,a comprehensive management approach that incorporates multidisciplinary collaboration is recommended.Alongside the control of uric acid levels and joint inflammation,proactive screening and management of comorbidities and related complications are essential.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of the Department of Transportation of Heilongjiang Province(HJK2023B024-3)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1304001-01)。
文摘Soil fertility and forest structure influence tree carbon stocks.However,it remains unclear how tree mycorrhizal types affect these relationships.This study addressed the question of how aboveground and belowground tree carbon stocks in soils with different mycorrhizal types are affected by soil fertility and forest structure.Tree demographic data were used from a 21.12-ha study area collected over a ten-year period(2009-2019),covering 43species of woody plants and more than 50,000 individuals.Relationships between tree carbon stock,soil fertility and forest structure(stand density,diameter variation,species diversity and spatial distribution)were examined,as well as whether these relationships differed between arbuscular mycorrhiza and ectomycorrhizal mycorrhiza groups in a typical temperate conifer and broad-leaved mixed forest.We found that total tree carbon stock was positively impacted by variations in stand density and tree diameter but negatively influenced by soil fertility,tree species diversity and uniform angle index.Soil fertility promoted carbon stock of trees associated with arbuscular mycorrhiza(AM)but inhibited the carbon stock of trees with ectomycorrhizal mycorrhiza fungi(EcM).Carbon stock of AM trees was mainly influenced by soil fertility,while carbon stock of EcM trees was influenced by stand density.Our findings show that mycorrhizae types mediate the impact of stand structure and soil fertility on tree carbon stocks and provides new evidence on how forest tree carbon stocks may be enhanced based on the types of mycorrhizal associations.Tree species with different mycorrhizal types can be managed in different ways.
文摘Diabetic kidney disease (DKD)is one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is also a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), making early identification and intervention crucial. Insulin resistance (IR)is a key pathophysiological mechanism of T2DM and plays a central role in the progression of DKD. In recent years, a series of novel surrogate indicators of IR, such as the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI), triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C), and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), have attracted widespread attention due to their simplicity and cost-effectiveness. This article reviews the research progress of novel surrogate indicators of insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD), aiming to provide references for the early prevention and improved prognosis of DKD.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42477044,32171648 and U23A2017)the Hubei Provincial Science and Technology Program,China(2025AFD451 and 2022CFB030)。
文摘Insight into the carbon turnover in soil aggregates and density fractions is essential for reducing the uncertainty in estimating carbon pools on the Tibetan Plateau,and how they vary with land use type is unclear.In this study,the effect of land use type on carbon storage and fractionation was quantified based on organic carbon and its^(13)C abundance at the microscale of soil aggregates and density fractions in Tibetan alpine ecosystems.The sequence of soil aggregate destruction in the land use types of plantation(13.1%)<shrubland(32.7%)<grassland(47.9%)<farmland(61.8%)shows that plantations strengthen the soil structure.Plantation land had a greater contribution of light fraction organic carbon(28.3%)but a lower contribution of mineral-associated organic carbon(40.6%)to the carbon stock compared to farmland(13.5 and 70.3%).Interestingly,plantation land enhanced the aggregational differentiation of organic carbon and^(13)C in each density fraction,whereas no such phenomenon existed in the soil organic carbon.Carbon isotope analyses revealed that carbon transfer in the plantation land occurred from the light fraction in macroaggregates(–24.9‰)to the mineral-associated fraction in microaggregates(–19.9‰).When compared to the other three land use types,the low transferability of carbon in aggregates and density fractions in plantation land provides a stable carbon pool for the Tibetan Plateau.This study shows that plantations can mitigate global climate change by slowing carbon transfer and increasing carbon storage at the microscale of aggregates and density fractions in alpine regions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11961059,1210502)the University Innovation Project of Gansu Province(Grant No.2023B-062)the Gansu Province Basic Research Innovation Group Project(Grant No.23JRRA684).
文摘The goal of this paper is to investigate the long-time dynamics of solutions to a Kirchhoff type suspension bridge equation with nonlinear damping and memory term.For this problem we establish the well-posedness and existence of uniform attractor under some suitable assumptions on the nonlinear term g(u),the nonlinear damping f(u_(t))and the external force h(x,t).Specifically,the asymptotic compactness of the semigroup is verified by the energy reconstruction method.
文摘Objective:This review aimed to evaluate existing evidence of educational interventions targeted at parents and caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes(T1D)to improve diabetes management outcomes.Methods:A general review was conducted with primary caregivers of children younger than 18 with T1D as the population of interest.Journal searches were performed using the CINAHL,EBSCO,Pub Med,Scopus,Science Direct,and Google Scholar,databases for publications between 2017 and 2024,with full text in English.Results:A total of 26 studies were included in the review.Nine of these studies focused on various educational interventions,both technology-based and non-technology-based.By contrast,17 studies examined the impact of these interventions on caregiver outcomes,such as treatment adherence and glycemic control in children with T1D.So,the following research questions guided this review:(1)What is the effectiveness of diabetes education interventions on glycemic control in children with T1D?(2)How do caregiver knowledge and self-efficacy affect diabetes management outcomes?Conclusions:Diabetes interventions highlight the vital role of empowering caregivers of children with T1D with knowledge,skills,and support to improve and enhance their adherence to treatment,knowledge,and self-efficacy that ultimately contribute to better glycemic control of children as reflected by their Hb A1c levels.This review highlights the importance of diabetes education interventions for caregivers of children with T1D.The evidence indicates that such interventions can improve caregiver knowledge,self-efficacy,and glycemic control in children.However,variability in outcomes suggests that fur ther research is needed to identify the most effective educational strategies.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2023JJ70017No.2025JJ50627)Peak Climbing Project of Optometry Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University。
文摘AIM:To investigate the sex-specific correlation between systemic factors and retinal neurovascular alterations in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)who do not exhibit signs of diabetic retinopathy(DR).METHODS:A cohort participant without DR diagnosed with T1DM,underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation,optical coherence tomography angiography retinal structural and microvascular density analysis,and systemic parameter assessment.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of systemic parameters on retinal alterations in distinct gender groups.RESULTS:A total of 182 individuals were included,consisting of 85 males(mean age 23.28±12.75y)and 97 females(mean age 22.98±13.68y).Males exhibited significantly greater thickness in both the internal retinal layer and the entire retina compared to females(P<0.01),whereas females had higher densities of deep retinal vessels and choroidal capillaries(P<0.05).Additionally,glycemic control was found to have a notable influence on retinal thickness in males(P<0.05),while insulin function had a more pronounced impact on retinal structure in females(P<0.01).Furthermore,a significant correlation was observed between thyroid function markers and retinal parameters in both male and female(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Sex differences in alterations in retinal structure and microcirculation are observed in individuals with T1DM prior to the development of clinical DR,with a noted association between these changes and systemic parameters.
文摘While methodology for determining the mode of evolution in coding sequences has been well established,evaluation of adaptation events in emerging types of phenotype data needs further development.Here,we propose an analysis framework(expression variance decomposition,EVaDe)for comparative single-cell expression data based on phenotypic evolution theory.After decomposing the gene expression variance into separate components,we use two strategies to identify genes exhibiting large between-taxon expression divergence and small within-cell-type expression noise in certain cell types,attributing this pattern to putative adaptive evolution.In a dataset of primate prefrontal cortex,we find that such humanspecific key genes enrich with neurodevelopment-related functions,while most other genes exhibit neutral evolution patterns.Specific neuron types are found to harbor more of these key genes than other cell types,thus likely to have experienced more extensive adaptation.Reassuringly,at the molecular sequence level,the key genes are significantly associated with the rapidly evolving conserved non-coding elements.An additional case analysis comparing the naked mole-rat(NMR)with the mouse suggests that innateimmunity-related genes and cell types have undergone putative expression adaptation in NMR.Overall,the EVaDe framework may effectively probe adaptive evolution mode in single-cell expression data.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of switching to either Prandilin 25R monotherapy or Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion during hospitalization in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on glycemic control,glycometabolic indicators,and cardiovascular risk factors,and to evaluate the safety of the two regimens.Methods:A total of 78 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital from January 2025 to September 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 39 cases in each group.The control group received monotherapy with insulin lispro protamine recombinant injection(Prandilin 25R)after intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion,while the observation group received Prandilin 25R combined with ganagliflozin proline tablets.Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)was performed for 14 days during the intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy phase in the hospital,followed by routine fingertip blood glucose monitoring after 14 days.Glycemic control indicators,glycometabolic indicators,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and the 24-hour blood glucose standard deviation were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group,while the time spent within the target blood glucose range was significantly higher(p<0.05).The levels of glycated hemoglobin,fasting blood glucose,and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose were better in the observation group than in the control group;moreover,the body mass index,systolic blood pressure,and blood lipid levels improved more significantly in the observation group than in the control group(p<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia between the two groups.Conclusion:Combination therapy with ganagliflozin proline tablets after short-term intensive continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy can effectively improve glycemic variability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,with good safety.This suggests that ganagliflozin proline tablets have a hypoglycemic advantage in the combination regimen and possess high clinical promotional value.
