A new type of machinable bioactive glass-ceramics for bone substitution has been developed in the glass system SiO_2-MgO-K_2O-F^--CaO-P_2O_5, which contains Mg- muscovite [K_2Mg_5 (Si_8O_(20)) F_4] and fluorapatite as...A new type of machinable bioactive glass-ceramics for bone substitution has been developed in the glass system SiO_2-MgO-K_2O-F^--CaO-P_2O_5, which contains Mg- muscovite [K_2Mg_5 (Si_8O_(20)) F_4] and fluorapatite as the two main crystal phases. The phase separation and the crystallization of the glass have been studied. A series of tests have showed that the material is good at mechanical property and bioactivity. Espe- cially, by analysing the structure of the interface layer between the material and the bone of animal with scanning electron microscope, electron probe, etc., it has been found that the new bone hydroxya- patite is formed on the surface of the material so that the material is connected firmly with the bone.展开更多
In this invention, the procedure of cutting, conveying, threshing and transporting stalks are carried out by a set of conveying chains ( see figure). The axis of the main drum 2 is placed horizontally transverse (vert...In this invention, the procedure of cutting, conveying, threshing and transporting stalks are carried out by a set of conveying chains ( see figure). The axis of the main drum 2 is placed horizontally transverse (vertical to the forward direction). The upper and the lower conveying chains 8, 10 as well as cutterbar 11 are mounted in the lower part of the axial feed opening. Several star well 9 and plastic stalk-pressing rod are filled at the front of the lower conveying chain, and a spring stalk pressing assembly at the rear. The residue after threshing is discharged by star seels 18, 34. The staiks are placed near the cutterbar 11. Once the stalks are cut off by the cutterbar, they展开更多
Objective To explore the invasion of different types of meningeoma to their surrounding tissue. Methods The specimen from 124 patients with meningeomas,who underwent surgery in Southern Hospital from April 2009 to Jun...Objective To explore the invasion of different types of meningeoma to their surrounding tissue. Methods The specimen from 124 patients with meningeomas,who underwent surgery in Southern Hospital from April 2009 to June 2010 were used to analyze the invasion of different types of meningeomas to their surrounding tissue. All the tumors were resected in the standard of Simposon I. We referred to WHO 2007展开更多
This paper presents an overview of petrophysical research and exploration achievements of low resistivity pay （LRP） zone by well logs in China. It includes geological characteristics and characteristics of well log ...This paper presents an overview of petrophysical research and exploration achievements of low resistivity pay （LRP） zone by well logs in China. It includes geological characteristics and characteristics of well log response of the low resistivity pay zones discovered and evaluated in recent years, as well as the problems in recognizing and evaluating low resistivity pay zones by well logs. The research areas mainly include the Neogene formations in the Bohai Bay Basin, the Triassic formations in the northern Tarim Basin and the Cretaceous formations in the Junggar Basin, The petrophysical research concerning recognition and evaluation of the low resistivity pays, based on their genetic types, is introduced in this paper.展开更多
池式研究型反应堆是全球多用途研究堆中的重点类型,因其在安全特性、多用途性和运行维护等方面的突出表现而备受关注。在池式堆中,热功率为1~10 MW的小型研究堆方案设计最为成熟,应用场景最为广泛。为了探索未来池式研究堆堆芯设计及其...池式研究型反应堆是全球多用途研究堆中的重点类型,因其在安全特性、多用途性和运行维护等方面的突出表现而备受关注。在池式堆中,热功率为1~10 MW的小型研究堆方案设计最为成熟,应用场景最为广泛。为了探索未来池式研究堆堆芯设计及其应用场景的发展趋势,首先,根据全球开展RERTR(Reduced Enrichment Research and Test Reactor)低浓化项目并进行堆芯重新设计的小型池式研究堆不同的堆芯方案进行对比,研究分析未来小型池式研究堆堆芯可采用的燃料类型和组件结构,以及目前全球小型池式研究堆的应用情况。其次,总结了小型池式研究堆在燃料类型和堆芯结构两个方面的发展现状,汇总了研究堆各类中子应用场景的技术指标。最终,通过横向对比探究分析推判:未来小型池式研究堆将采用紧凑型堆芯设计,采用高密度的低浓缩铀燃料,以紧凑可移动式小堆芯为基础,以大水池内中子源应用设施为主要发展方向。展开更多
The demand for nuclear fuel for research reactors is rising worldwide. Thus, the production facilities of this kind of fuel need reliable guidance on how to augment their production in order to meet the increasing dem...The demand for nuclear fuel for research reactors is rising worldwide. Thus, the production facilities of this kind of fuel need reliable guidance on how to augment their production in order to meet the increasing demand efficiently and safely. We proposed a specific procedure for increasing production capacity. That procedure was tested with data from a real plant, which produces plate-type fuel elements loaded with LEU U3Si2-Al fuel. The test was made by means of discrete event simulation, and the results indicated the proposed procedure is efficient in raising production capacity.展开更多
Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. To date, most research and resulting clinical strategies have focused on the individual with shortterm health improvements that have not been maintain...Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. To date, most research and resulting clinical strategies have focused on the individual with shortterm health improvements that have not been maintained over time. Researchers more recently have recognized the need to consider the social determinants of diabetes and health along with individual factors. The purpose of this literature review is to examine current understanding of the social determinants affecting diabetes and health. A search of medical and nursing literature was conducted using PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases, selecting articles published between 2000 and 2013. Search terms included: type 2 diabetes, social determinants, and health determinants. Inclusion criteria were: English language, human studies, social determinants of diabetes and health, and research in the United States. Additional search methods included reference chaining of the literature. Twenty research articles met the inclusion criteria for the review and analysis and included quantitative and qualitative methods. All studies selected for this review were descriptive in nature(n = 20). Fifteen studies were quantitative studies and five were qualitative studies. No intervention studies met inclusion criteria. Each study is summarized and critiqued. Study findings indicate that external or upstream factors consistentlyaffect individuals diagnosed with diabetes, influencing self-management. Significant methodological limitations result directly from small sample sizes, convenience or nonprobability sampling, and low statistical power.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs(GLP-1 a) combined with insulin on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in diabetic rats.METHODS Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) was induced in maleWistar...AIM To evaluate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs(GLP-1 a) combined with insulin on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in diabetic rats.METHODS Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) was induced in maleWistar rats with streptozotocin(65 mg/kg) and verified using an oral glucose tolerance test. After anesthesia, the left coronary artery was occluded for 40 min followed by 80 min reperfusion. Blood glucose level was measured during surgery. Rats were randomized into six groups as follows:(1) control rats;(2) insulin(0.1 U/kg) treated rats prior to ischemia;(3) insulin(0.1 U/kg) treated rats at reperfusion;(4) GLP-1 a(140 mg/kg) treated rats prior to ischemia;(5) GLP-1 a(140 mg/kg) treated rats at reperfusion; and(6) rats treated with GLP-1 a(140 mg/kg) prior to ischemia plus insulin(0.1 U/kg) at reperfusion. Myocardial area at risk and infarct size was measured planimetrically using Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, respectively.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the myocardial area at risk among groups. Insulin treatment before ischemia resulted in a significant increase in infarct size(34.7% ± 3.4% vs 18.6% ± 3.1% in the control rats, P < 0.05). Post-ischemic administration of insulin or GLP-1 a had no effect on infarct size. However, pre-ischemic administration of GLP-1 a reduced infarct size to 12% ± 2.2%(P < 0.05). The maximal infarct size reduction was observed in the group treated with GLP-1 a prior to ischemia and insulin at reperfusion(8% ± 1.6%, P < 0.05 vs the control and GLP-1 a alone treated groups).CONCLUSION GLP-1 a pre-administration results in myocardial infarct size reduction in rats with T2 DM. These effects are maximal in rats treated with GLP-1 a pre-ischemia plus insulin at reperfusion.展开更多
Objective: The Life in BALANCE (LIB) study is a pilot translational study modeling the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) intensive lifestyle coaching intervention among an underserved, high-risk population: American I...Objective: The Life in BALANCE (LIB) study is a pilot translational study modeling the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) intensive lifestyle coaching intervention among an underserved, high-risk population: American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) living in a large urban setting (Las Vegas, Nevada). Research Design and Methods: A total of 22 overweight/obese AI/ANs (age, 39.6 ± 10.4 years;BMI, 34.1 ± 6.3 kg/m2) at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes (HbA1c > 5.4 (36 mmol/mol) Results: Only 12 of the 22 participants remained?in the LIB program at the final post-program follow-up. Participants demonstrated significant decreased waist circumference and elevated HDL cholesterol. Triglycerides manifested the highest percentage change without statistical significance. No significant change was observed in blood pressure or fasting blood glucose. Conclusions: LIB participants’ improvements in BMI, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides suggests type 2 diabetes prevention programs aimed at urban AI/ANs show significant potential for reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among this underserved and high risk community. Qualitative data suggest the main challenge for type 2 diabetes prevention specific to this population is a need for improved community outreach strategies.展开更多
目的观察王氏额针治疗紧张型头痛的临床有效性和安全性。方法回顾分析120例紧张型头痛患者,将采用额针治疗的60例患者纳入观察组,将采用常规针刺治疗的60例患者纳入对照组,连续治疗3周。对比两组的临床疗效、疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual an...目的观察王氏额针治疗紧张型头痛的临床有效性和安全性。方法回顾分析120例紧张型头痛患者,将采用额针治疗的60例患者纳入观察组,将采用常规针刺治疗的60例患者纳入对照组,连续治疗3周。对比两组的临床疗效、疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、中医证候积分、头痛发作频率及持续时间、健康调查简表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)评分,记录不良反应。结果观察组的有效率92.98%(53/57),明显高于对照组的77.59%(45/58)(P<0.05);同一时间点比较,观察组患者的头痛VAS评分、中医证候总积分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01);与对照组比较,观察组治疗后降低头痛的发作频率,缩短疼痛持续时间,均优于对照组(P<0.01);治疗后随访3个月,观察组患者躯体疼痛、精神健康评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),生命活力、社会功能评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各项评分均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论王氏额针能有效改善紧张型头痛患者的头痛程度,提高生活质量,安全有效,值得推广。展开更多
文摘A new type of machinable bioactive glass-ceramics for bone substitution has been developed in the glass system SiO_2-MgO-K_2O-F^--CaO-P_2O_5, which contains Mg- muscovite [K_2Mg_5 (Si_8O_(20)) F_4] and fluorapatite as the two main crystal phases. The phase separation and the crystallization of the glass have been studied. A series of tests have showed that the material is good at mechanical property and bioactivity. Espe- cially, by analysing the structure of the interface layer between the material and the bone of animal with scanning electron microscope, electron probe, etc., it has been found that the new bone hydroxya- patite is formed on the surface of the material so that the material is connected firmly with the bone.
文摘In this invention, the procedure of cutting, conveying, threshing and transporting stalks are carried out by a set of conveying chains ( see figure). The axis of the main drum 2 is placed horizontally transverse (vertical to the forward direction). The upper and the lower conveying chains 8, 10 as well as cutterbar 11 are mounted in the lower part of the axial feed opening. Several star well 9 and plastic stalk-pressing rod are filled at the front of the lower conveying chain, and a spring stalk pressing assembly at the rear. The residue after threshing is discharged by star seels 18, 34. The staiks are placed near the cutterbar 11. Once the stalks are cut off by the cutterbar, they
文摘Objective To explore the invasion of different types of meningeoma to their surrounding tissue. Methods The specimen from 124 patients with meningeomas,who underwent surgery in Southern Hospital from April 2009 to June 2010 were used to analyze the invasion of different types of meningeomas to their surrounding tissue. All the tumors were resected in the standard of Simposon I. We referred to WHO 2007
基金Supported by CNPC Innovation Foundation,Research Projects of PetroChina,Xinjiang and Tarim Oil Companies
文摘This paper presents an overview of petrophysical research and exploration achievements of low resistivity pay （LRP） zone by well logs in China. It includes geological characteristics and characteristics of well log response of the low resistivity pay zones discovered and evaluated in recent years, as well as the problems in recognizing and evaluating low resistivity pay zones by well logs. The research areas mainly include the Neogene formations in the Bohai Bay Basin, the Triassic formations in the northern Tarim Basin and the Cretaceous formations in the Junggar Basin, The petrophysical research concerning recognition and evaluation of the low resistivity pays, based on their genetic types, is introduced in this paper.
文摘池式研究型反应堆是全球多用途研究堆中的重点类型,因其在安全特性、多用途性和运行维护等方面的突出表现而备受关注。在池式堆中,热功率为1~10 MW的小型研究堆方案设计最为成熟,应用场景最为广泛。为了探索未来池式研究堆堆芯设计及其应用场景的发展趋势,首先,根据全球开展RERTR(Reduced Enrichment Research and Test Reactor)低浓化项目并进行堆芯重新设计的小型池式研究堆不同的堆芯方案进行对比,研究分析未来小型池式研究堆堆芯可采用的燃料类型和组件结构,以及目前全球小型池式研究堆的应用情况。其次,总结了小型池式研究堆在燃料类型和堆芯结构两个方面的发展现状,汇总了研究堆各类中子应用场景的技术指标。最终,通过横向对比探究分析推判:未来小型池式研究堆将采用紧凑型堆芯设计,采用高密度的低浓缩铀燃料,以紧凑可移动式小堆芯为基础,以大水池内中子源应用设施为主要发展方向。
文摘The demand for nuclear fuel for research reactors is rising worldwide. Thus, the production facilities of this kind of fuel need reliable guidance on how to augment their production in order to meet the increasing demand efficiently and safely. We proposed a specific procedure for increasing production capacity. That procedure was tested with data from a real plant, which produces plate-type fuel elements loaded with LEU U3Si2-Al fuel. The test was made by means of discrete event simulation, and the results indicated the proposed procedure is efficient in raising production capacity.
文摘Diabetes is the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. To date, most research and resulting clinical strategies have focused on the individual with shortterm health improvements that have not been maintained over time. Researchers more recently have recognized the need to consider the social determinants of diabetes and health along with individual factors. The purpose of this literature review is to examine current understanding of the social determinants affecting diabetes and health. A search of medical and nursing literature was conducted using PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases, selecting articles published between 2000 and 2013. Search terms included: type 2 diabetes, social determinants, and health determinants. Inclusion criteria were: English language, human studies, social determinants of diabetes and health, and research in the United States. Additional search methods included reference chaining of the literature. Twenty research articles met the inclusion criteria for the review and analysis and included quantitative and qualitative methods. All studies selected for this review were descriptive in nature(n = 20). Fifteen studies were quantitative studies and five were qualitative studies. No intervention studies met inclusion criteria. Each study is summarized and critiqued. Study findings indicate that external or upstream factors consistentlyaffect individuals diagnosed with diabetes, influencing self-management. Significant methodological limitations result directly from small sample sizes, convenience or nonprobability sampling, and low statistical power.
基金Supported by Russian Science Foundation,No.17-75-30052
文摘AIM To evaluate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs(GLP-1 a) combined with insulin on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury in diabetic rats.METHODS Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2 DM) was induced in maleWistar rats with streptozotocin(65 mg/kg) and verified using an oral glucose tolerance test. After anesthesia, the left coronary artery was occluded for 40 min followed by 80 min reperfusion. Blood glucose level was measured during surgery. Rats were randomized into six groups as follows:(1) control rats;(2) insulin(0.1 U/kg) treated rats prior to ischemia;(3) insulin(0.1 U/kg) treated rats at reperfusion;(4) GLP-1 a(140 mg/kg) treated rats prior to ischemia;(5) GLP-1 a(140 mg/kg) treated rats at reperfusion; and(6) rats treated with GLP-1 a(140 mg/kg) prior to ischemia plus insulin(0.1 U/kg) at reperfusion. Myocardial area at risk and infarct size was measured planimetrically using Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining, respectively.RESULTS There was no significant difference in the myocardial area at risk among groups. Insulin treatment before ischemia resulted in a significant increase in infarct size(34.7% ± 3.4% vs 18.6% ± 3.1% in the control rats, P < 0.05). Post-ischemic administration of insulin or GLP-1 a had no effect on infarct size. However, pre-ischemic administration of GLP-1 a reduced infarct size to 12% ± 2.2%(P < 0.05). The maximal infarct size reduction was observed in the group treated with GLP-1 a prior to ischemia and insulin at reperfusion(8% ± 1.6%, P < 0.05 vs the control and GLP-1 a alone treated groups).CONCLUSION GLP-1 a pre-administration results in myocardial infarct size reduction in rats with T2 DM. These effects are maximal in rats treated with GLP-1 a pre-ischemia plus insulin at reperfusion.
文摘Objective: The Life in BALANCE (LIB) study is a pilot translational study modeling the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) intensive lifestyle coaching intervention among an underserved, high-risk population: American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) living in a large urban setting (Las Vegas, Nevada). Research Design and Methods: A total of 22 overweight/obese AI/ANs (age, 39.6 ± 10.4 years;BMI, 34.1 ± 6.3 kg/m2) at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes (HbA1c > 5.4 (36 mmol/mol) Results: Only 12 of the 22 participants remained?in the LIB program at the final post-program follow-up. Participants demonstrated significant decreased waist circumference and elevated HDL cholesterol. Triglycerides manifested the highest percentage change without statistical significance. No significant change was observed in blood pressure or fasting blood glucose. Conclusions: LIB participants’ improvements in BMI, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides suggests type 2 diabetes prevention programs aimed at urban AI/ANs show significant potential for reducing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among this underserved and high risk community. Qualitative data suggest the main challenge for type 2 diabetes prevention specific to this population is a need for improved community outreach strategies.
文摘目的观察王氏额针治疗紧张型头痛的临床有效性和安全性。方法回顾分析120例紧张型头痛患者,将采用额针治疗的60例患者纳入观察组,将采用常规针刺治疗的60例患者纳入对照组,连续治疗3周。对比两组的临床疗效、疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、中医证候积分、头痛发作频率及持续时间、健康调查简表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)评分,记录不良反应。结果观察组的有效率92.98%(53/57),明显高于对照组的77.59%(45/58)(P<0.05);同一时间点比较,观察组患者的头痛VAS评分、中医证候总积分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01);与对照组比较,观察组治疗后降低头痛的发作频率,缩短疼痛持续时间,均优于对照组(P<0.01);治疗后随访3个月,观察组患者躯体疼痛、精神健康评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),生命活力、社会功能评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各项评分均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论王氏额针能有效改善紧张型头痛患者的头痛程度,提高生活质量,安全有效,值得推广。
