The two-station positioning system based on time difference and azimuth measurement has measurement redundancy. Therefore, not only can a positioning solution which is completely independent of the baseline length bet...The two-station positioning system based on time difference and azimuth measurement has measurement redundancy. Therefore, not only can a positioning solution which is completely independent of the baseline length between two stations be derived, but also the baseline length can be solved as an unknown quantity. These findings not only enhance the performance of the two-station positioning system, but also provide a design basis for the construction of a self-organizing dynamic intelligent positioning system.展开更多
The law of the iterated logarithm(LIL)for the performance measures of a two-station queueing network with arrivals modulated by independent queues is developed by a strong approximation method.For convenience,two arri...The law of the iterated logarithm(LIL)for the performance measures of a two-station queueing network with arrivals modulated by independent queues is developed by a strong approximation method.For convenience,two arrival processes modulated by queues comprise the external system,all others are belong to the internal system.It is well known that the exogenous arrival has a great influence on the asymptotic variability of performance measures in queues.For the considered queueing network in heavy traffic,we get all the LILs for the queue length,workload,busy time,idle time and departure processes,and present them by some simple functions of the primitive data.The LILs tell us some interesting insights,such as,the LILs of busy and idle times are zero and they reflect a small variability around their fluid approximations,the LIL of departure has nothing to do with the arrival process,both of the two phenomena well explain the service station’s situation of being busy all the time.The external system shows us a distinguishing effect on the performance measures:an underloaded(overloaded,critically loaded)external system affects the internal system through its arrival(departure,arrival and departure together).In addition,we also get the strong approximation of the network as an auxiliary result.展开更多
Isomorphism of the two-state system is heuristic in understanding the dynamical or statistical behavior of the simplest yet most quantum system that has no classical counterpart.We use the constraint phase space devel...Isomorphism of the two-state system is heuristic in understanding the dynamical or statistical behavior of the simplest yet most quantum system that has no classical counterpart.We use the constraint phase space developed in J.Chem.Phys.145,204105(2016);151,024105(2019);J.Phys.Chem.Lett.12,2496(2021),non-covariant phase space functions,time-dependent weight functions,and time-dependent normalization factors to construct a novel class of phase space representations of the exact population dynamics of the two-state quantum system.The equations of motion of the trajectory on constraint phase space are isomorphic to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.The contribution of each trajectory to the integral expression for the population dynamics is always positive semi-definite.We also prove that the triangle window function approach,albeit proposed as a heuristic empirical model in J.Chem.Phys.145,144108(2016),is related to a special case of the novel class and leads to an isomorphic representation of the exact population dynamics of the two-state quantum system.展开更多
There are two states of methane existing in coal, free methane and adsorptive methane. The two states of methane exchanged with each other which need the energy exchange with outside. It is released heat when methane ...There are two states of methane existing in coal, free methane and adsorptive methane. The two states of methane exchanged with each other which need the energy exchange with outside. It is released heat when methane adsorption on coal, instead of absorbed heat. According to the gas molecules Boltzmann energy distribution, is obtained the equilibrium equations of the two states of methane in coal, as well as the heat of adsorption equation when exchanged into each other. At the same time, high temperature experiments of methane adsorption on coal have been certificated to the theoretical model. At last the experimental results presented that： the two-state energy model could be accurately described the distribution of the two states of methane in the coal; the adsorption heat is related to the initial equilibrium state of methane adsorption; the adsorption heats are different with different coal ranks.展开更多
文摘The two-station positioning system based on time difference and azimuth measurement has measurement redundancy. Therefore, not only can a positioning solution which is completely independent of the baseline length between two stations be derived, but also the baseline length can be solved as an unknown quantity. These findings not only enhance the performance of the two-station positioning system, but also provide a design basis for the construction of a self-organizing dynamic intelligent positioning system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11871116 and No.11971074).
文摘The law of the iterated logarithm(LIL)for the performance measures of a two-station queueing network with arrivals modulated by independent queues is developed by a strong approximation method.For convenience,two arrival processes modulated by queues comprise the external system,all others are belong to the internal system.It is well known that the exogenous arrival has a great influence on the asymptotic variability of performance measures in queues.For the considered queueing network in heavy traffic,we get all the LILs for the queue length,workload,busy time,idle time and departure processes,and present them by some simple functions of the primitive data.The LILs tell us some interesting insights,such as,the LILs of busy and idle times are zero and they reflect a small variability around their fluid approximations,the LIL of departure has nothing to do with the arrival process,both of the two phenomena well explain the service station’s situation of being busy all the time.The external system shows us a distinguishing effect on the performance measures:an underloaded(overloaded,critically loaded)external system affects the internal system through its arrival(departure,arrival and departure together).In addition,we also get the strong approximation of the network as an auxiliary result.
文摘Isomorphism of the two-state system is heuristic in understanding the dynamical or statistical behavior of the simplest yet most quantum system that has no classical counterpart.We use the constraint phase space developed in J.Chem.Phys.145,204105(2016);151,024105(2019);J.Phys.Chem.Lett.12,2496(2021),non-covariant phase space functions,time-dependent weight functions,and time-dependent normalization factors to construct a novel class of phase space representations of the exact population dynamics of the two-state quantum system.The equations of motion of the trajectory on constraint phase space are isomorphic to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation.The contribution of each trajectory to the integral expression for the population dynamics is always positive semi-definite.We also prove that the triangle window function approach,albeit proposed as a heuristic empirical model in J.Chem.Phys.145,144108(2016),is related to a special case of the novel class and leads to an isomorphic representation of the exact population dynamics of the two-state quantum system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （21373146）
文摘There are two states of methane existing in coal, free methane and adsorptive methane. The two states of methane exchanged with each other which need the energy exchange with outside. It is released heat when methane adsorption on coal, instead of absorbed heat. According to the gas molecules Boltzmann energy distribution, is obtained the equilibrium equations of the two states of methane in coal, as well as the heat of adsorption equation when exchanged into each other. At the same time, high temperature experiments of methane adsorption on coal have been certificated to the theoretical model. At last the experimental results presented that： the two-state energy model could be accurately described the distribution of the two states of methane in the coal; the adsorption heat is related to the initial equilibrium state of methane adsorption; the adsorption heats are different with different coal ranks.
