In order to investigate the influence of secondary classification mode on waste generation features, this study classified domestic waste generated by 310 rural and urban households at urban areas and Shuigaozhuang Vi...In order to investigate the influence of secondary classification mode on waste generation features, this study classified domestic waste generated by 310 rural and urban households at urban areas and Shuigaozhuang Village of Xiqing District into 3 groups： compostable materials, recyclable materials and toxics on the basis of the constructed secondary classification mode of domestic waste. The study focused on waste generation strength and classification features, compared the waste generation features between rural and urban residents, and analyzed the re- lation between waste generation strength and economic and cultural factors. The re- sults indicated that the average generation speed of urban domestic waste was 423.08 g/（d.capita）, and that of rural domestic waste was 629.89 g/（d.capita）, there was significant difference between rural and urban compost generation strength （P= 0.00002）, while the generation strength of recyclable materials and toxics between rural and urban areas had no significant difference （P=0.471 and P=0.099, respec- tively）. Secondary classification mode is an effective source classification mode for domestic wastes and has positive effects on waste reduction and treatment.展开更多
The paper presents a new method for classifying the stress modes in hybrid stress finite element in terms of natural stress modes in finite element and the rank analysis of matrix G in forming element It reveals the r...The paper presents a new method for classifying the stress modes in hybrid stress finite element in terms of natural stress modes in finite element and the rank analysis of matrix G in forming element It reveals the relation among the different assumed stress field, and gives the general method in forming stress field Comparing with the method of eigenvalue analysis, the new method is more efficient展开更多
The public has shown great interest in the data factor and data transactions,but the current attention is overly focused on personal behavioral data and transactions happening at Data Exchanges.To deliver a complete p...The public has shown great interest in the data factor and data transactions,but the current attention is overly focused on personal behavioral data and transactions happening at Data Exchanges.To deliver a complete picture of data flaw and transaction,this paper presents a systematic overview of the flow and transaction of personal,corporate and public data on the basis of data factor classification from various perspectives.By utilizing various sources of information,this paper estimates the volume of data generation&storage and the volume&trend of data market transactions for major economies in the world with the following findings:(i)Data classification is diverse due to a broad variety of applying scenarios,and data transaction and profit distribution are complex due to heterogenous entities,ownerships,information density and other attributes of different data types.(ii)Global data transaction has presented with the characteristics of productization,servitization and platform-based mode.(iii)For major economies,there is a commonly observed disequilibrium between data generation scale and storage scale,which is particularly striking for China.(i^v)The global data market is in a nascent stage of rapid development with a transaction volume of about 100 billion US dollars,and China s data market is even more underdeveloped and only accounts for some 10%of the world total.All sectors of the society should be flly aware of the diversity and complexity of data factor classification and data transactions,as well as the arduous and long-term nature of developing and improving relevant institutional systems.Adapting to such features,efforts should be made to improve data classification,enhance computing infrastructure development,foster professional data transaction and development institutions,and perfect the data governance system.展开更多
For the multi-mode radar working in the modern electronicbattlefield, different working states of one single radar areprone to being classified as multiple emitters when adoptingtraditional classification methods to p...For the multi-mode radar working in the modern electronicbattlefield, different working states of one single radar areprone to being classified as multiple emitters when adoptingtraditional classification methods to process intercepted signals,which has a negative effect on signal classification. A classificationmethod based on spatial data mining is presented to address theabove challenge. Inspired by the idea of spatial data mining, theclassification method applies nuclear field to depicting the distributioninformation of pulse samples in feature space, and digs out thehidden cluster information by analyzing distribution characteristics.In addition, a membership-degree criterion to quantify the correlationamong all classes is established, which ensures classificationaccuracy of signal samples. Numerical experiments show that thepresented method can effectively prevent different working statesof multi-mode emitter from being classified as several emitters,and achieve higher classification accuracy.展开更多
Physiological signals such as electroencephalogram(EEG)signals are often corrupted by artifacts during the acquisition and processing.Some of these artifacts may deteriorate the essential properties of the signal that...Physiological signals such as electroencephalogram(EEG)signals are often corrupted by artifacts during the acquisition and processing.Some of these artifacts may deteriorate the essential properties of the signal that pertains to meaningful information.Most of these artifacts occur due to the involuntary movements or actions the human does during the acquisition process.So,it is recommended to eliminate these artifacts with signal processing approaches.This paper presents two mechanisms of classification and elimination of artifacts.In the first step,a customized deep network is employed to classify clean EEG signals and artifact-included signals.The classification is performed at the feature level,where common space pattern features are extracted with convolutional layers,and these features are later classified with a support vector machine classifier.In the second stage of the work,the artifact signals are decomposed with empirical mode decomposition,and they are then eliminated with the proposed adaptive thresholding mechanism where the threshold value changes for every intrinsic mode decomposition in the iterative mechanism.展开更多
In order to clarify the characteristics of non-uniform water invasion in water-bearing gas reservoirs,it is necessary to introduce the nonuniformity coefficient(A)and water invasion constant(B)to characterize the non-...In order to clarify the characteristics of non-uniform water invasion in water-bearing gas reservoirs,it is necessary to introduce the nonuniformity coefficient(A)and water invasion constant(B)to characterize the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties and the activity degree of peripheral water,respectively,based on the dual mechanism of water invasion to recharge the formation energy and seal off the gas in the reservoir.Then,the material balance method considering the phenomenon of water sealed gas was established.On this basis,the water invasion characteristic curve chart of water-bearing gas reservoirs was plotted,and the non-uniform water invasion mode was classified based on the example gas reservoir.And the following research results were obtained.First,in the water invasion characteristic curve chart of waterbearing gas reservoirs which is plotted based on the material balance method considering the influence of water sealed gas,the upper right area and the lower left area are defined as recharge area and seal area,respectively.By taking A=0 and B=2 as the boundary,the recharge area is divided into strong recharge area and weak recharge area.By taking A=2 and B=2 as the boundary,the seal area is divided into strong seal area and weak seal area.And correspondingly there are four water invasion modes,i.e.,strong recharge,weak recharge,weak seal and strong seal.Second,for fractured gas reservoirs,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties is high,and water sealed gas can be formed easily after water invasion.The dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data of this type of gas reservoir is located in the seal area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart.Third,for the gas reservoirs whose reservoir physical properties are relatively uniform,the dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data is located in the recharge area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart,and the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy is greater than the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy.Fourth,with the increase of A,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties increases,the water invasion characteristic curve shifts from the upper right to the lower left,and the recovery factor of gas reservoir decreases continuously.With the increase of B,the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy and the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy are both weakened,the distribution range of water invasion characteristic curve narrows to the recharge/seal boundary,and the corresponding range of gas reservoir recovery factor also narrows.展开更多
This paper has announced the arrival of new economic era through an analysis of Nike＇s management mode. The traditional industry classification can＇t meet demands of industry development. We should inherit and impro...This paper has announced the arrival of new economic era through an analysis of Nike＇s management mode. The traditional industry classification can＇t meet demands of industry development. We should inherit and improve traditional economy in order to adapt to the development demand of new economy.展开更多
Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is an adaptive and approximately orthogonal filtering process that reflects human’s visual mechanism of differentiating textures. In this paper, we present a modified 2D EMD algorit...Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is an adaptive and approximately orthogonal filtering process that reflects human’s visual mechanism of differentiating textures. In this paper, we present a modified 2D EMD algorithm using the FastRBF and an appropriate number of iterations in the shifting process (SP), then apply it to texture classification. Rotation-invariant texture feature vectors are extracted using auto-registration and circular regions of magnitude spectra of 2D fast Fourier transform (FFT). In the experiments, we employ a Bayesion classifier to classify a set of 15 distinct natural textures selected from the Brodatz album. The experimental results, based on different testing datasets for images with different orientations, show the effectiveness of the proposed classification scheme.展开更多
Ice-induced structural vibration generally decreases with an increase in structural width at the waterline. Definitions of wide/narrow ice-resistant conical structures, according to ice-induced vibration, are directly...Ice-induced structural vibration generally decreases with an increase in structural width at the waterline. Definitions of wide/narrow ice-resistant conical structures, according to ice-induced vibration, are directly related to structure width, sea ice parameters, and clearing modes of broken ice. This paper proposes three clearing modes for broken ice acting on conical structures: complete clearing, temporary ice pile up, and ice pile up. In this paper, sea ice clearing modes and the formation requirements of dynamic ice force are analyzed to explore criteria determining wide/narrow ice-resistant conical structures. According to the direct measurement data of typical prototype structures, quantitative criteria of the ratio of a cone width at waterline(D) to sea ice thickness(h) is proposed. If the ratio is less than 30(narrow conical structure), broken ice is completely cleared and a dynamic ice force is produced; however, if the ratio is larger than 50(wide conical structure), the front stacking of broken ice or dynamic ice force will not occur.展开更多
BACKGROUND with the widespread application of computer network systems in the medical field,the plan-do-check-action(PDCA)and the international classification of diseases tenth edition(ICD-10)coding system have also a...BACKGROUND with the widespread application of computer network systems in the medical field,the plan-do-check-action(PDCA)and the international classification of diseases tenth edition(ICD-10)coding system have also achieved favorable results in clinical medical record management.However,research on their combined application is relatively lacking.Objective:it was to explore the impact of network systems and PDCA management mode on ICD-10 encoding.Material and Method:a retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.AIM To study the adoption of network and PDCA in the ICD-10.METHODS A retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.RESULTS In the 3,6,12,18,and 24 months of PDCA cycle management mode,the coding accuracy and medical record completion rate were higher,and the coding time was lower in the observation group as against the controls(P<0.05).The satisfaction of coders(80.22%vs 53.45%)and patients(84.89%vs 51.72%)in the observation group was markedly higher as against the controls(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of computer networks and PDCA can improve the accuracy,efficiency,completion rate,and satisfaction of ICD-10 coding.展开更多
Basing upon the tonality analytic method, the present paper aims at： （1） Drawing attention to the subordination of the minor key vs. the major key in the chord classification, using the same methodology; and （2） ...Basing upon the tonality analytic method, the present paper aims at： （1） Drawing attention to the subordination of the minor key vs. the major key in the chord classification, using the same methodology; and （2） Showing the differences for the major key and the minor （harmonic） key in the classification of chords, as an aspect of importance for interpreting a piece＇s tonal structure diagram. The relations between chords appearing in the major and minor （harmonic） key will be shown by applying the comparisons of： （1） third-based chords; and （2） degrees in the C major and A minor keys, on which the same diatonic chords appear.展开更多
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs)are pivotal for deep-sea exploration and resource exploitation,yet their reliability in extreme underwater environments remains a critical barrier to widespread deployment.Through s...Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs)are pivotal for deep-sea exploration and resource exploitation,yet their reliability in extreme underwater environments remains a critical barrier to widespread deployment.Through systematic analysis of 150 peer-reviewed studies employing mixed-methods research,this review yields three principal advancements to the reliability analysis of AUVs.First,based on the hierarchical functional division of AUVs into six subsystems(propulsion system,navigation system,communication system,power system,environmental detection system,and emergency system),this study systematically identifies the primary failure modes and potential failure causes of each subsystem,providing theoretical support for fault diagnosis and reliability optimization.Subsequently,a comprehensive review of AUV reliability analysis methods is conducted from three perspectives:analytical methods,simulated methods,and surrogate model methods.The applicability and limitations of each method are critically analyzed to offer insights into their suitability for engineering applications.Finally,the study highlights key challenges and research hotpots in AUV reliability analysis,including reliability analysis under limited data,AI-driven reliability analysis,and human reliability analysis.Furthermore,the potential of multi-sensor data fusion,edge computing,and advanced materials in enhancing AUV environmental adaptability and reliability is explored.展开更多
基金Supported by Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievement Transformation and Popularization Project of Tianjin(201003010)~~
文摘In order to investigate the influence of secondary classification mode on waste generation features, this study classified domestic waste generated by 310 rural and urban households at urban areas and Shuigaozhuang Village of Xiqing District into 3 groups： compostable materials, recyclable materials and toxics on the basis of the constructed secondary classification mode of domestic waste. The study focused on waste generation strength and classification features, compared the waste generation features between rural and urban residents, and analyzed the re- lation between waste generation strength and economic and cultural factors. The re- sults indicated that the average generation speed of urban domestic waste was 423.08 g/（d.capita）, and that of rural domestic waste was 629.89 g/（d.capita）, there was significant difference between rural and urban compost generation strength （P= 0.00002）, while the generation strength of recyclable materials and toxics between rural and urban areas had no significant difference （P=0.471 and P=0.099, respec- tively）. Secondary classification mode is an effective source classification mode for domestic wastes and has positive effects on waste reduction and treatment.
文摘The paper presents a new method for classifying the stress modes in hybrid stress finite element in terms of natural stress modes in finite element and the rank analysis of matrix G in forming element It reveals the relation among the different assumed stress field, and gives the general method in forming stress field Comparing with the method of eigenvalue analysis, the new method is more efficient
文摘The public has shown great interest in the data factor and data transactions,but the current attention is overly focused on personal behavioral data and transactions happening at Data Exchanges.To deliver a complete picture of data flaw and transaction,this paper presents a systematic overview of the flow and transaction of personal,corporate and public data on the basis of data factor classification from various perspectives.By utilizing various sources of information,this paper estimates the volume of data generation&storage and the volume&trend of data market transactions for major economies in the world with the following findings:(i)Data classification is diverse due to a broad variety of applying scenarios,and data transaction and profit distribution are complex due to heterogenous entities,ownerships,information density and other attributes of different data types.(ii)Global data transaction has presented with the characteristics of productization,servitization and platform-based mode.(iii)For major economies,there is a commonly observed disequilibrium between data generation scale and storage scale,which is particularly striking for China.(i^v)The global data market is in a nascent stage of rapid development with a transaction volume of about 100 billion US dollars,and China s data market is even more underdeveloped and only accounts for some 10%of the world total.All sectors of the society should be flly aware of the diversity and complexity of data factor classification and data transactions,as well as the arduous and long-term nature of developing and improving relevant institutional systems.Adapting to such features,efforts should be made to improve data classification,enhance computing infrastructure development,foster professional data transaction and development institutions,and perfect the data governance system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61371172)the International S&T Cooperation Program of China(2015DFR10220)+1 种基金the Ocean Engineering Project of National Key Laboratory Foundation(1213)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(HEUCF1608)
文摘For the multi-mode radar working in the modern electronicbattlefield, different working states of one single radar areprone to being classified as multiple emitters when adoptingtraditional classification methods to process intercepted signals,which has a negative effect on signal classification. A classificationmethod based on spatial data mining is presented to address theabove challenge. Inspired by the idea of spatial data mining, theclassification method applies nuclear field to depicting the distributioninformation of pulse samples in feature space, and digs out thehidden cluster information by analyzing distribution characteristics.In addition, a membership-degree criterion to quantify the correlationamong all classes is established, which ensures classificationaccuracy of signal samples. Numerical experiments show that thepresented method can effectively prevent different working statesof multi-mode emitter from being classified as several emitters,and achieve higher classification accuracy.
文摘Physiological signals such as electroencephalogram(EEG)signals are often corrupted by artifacts during the acquisition and processing.Some of these artifacts may deteriorate the essential properties of the signal that pertains to meaningful information.Most of these artifacts occur due to the involuntary movements or actions the human does during the acquisition process.So,it is recommended to eliminate these artifacts with signal processing approaches.This paper presents two mechanisms of classification and elimination of artifacts.In the first step,a customized deep network is employed to classify clean EEG signals and artifact-included signals.The classification is performed at the feature level,where common space pattern features are extracted with convolutional layers,and these features are later classified with a support vector machine classifier.In the second stage of the work,the artifact signals are decomposed with empirical mode decomposition,and they are then eliminated with the proposed adaptive thresholding mechanism where the threshold value changes for every intrinsic mode decomposition in the iterative mechanism.
基金Project supported by the PetroChina-SWPU Innovation Alliance's technological cooperation project(No.2020CX010402).
文摘In order to clarify the characteristics of non-uniform water invasion in water-bearing gas reservoirs,it is necessary to introduce the nonuniformity coefficient(A)and water invasion constant(B)to characterize the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties and the activity degree of peripheral water,respectively,based on the dual mechanism of water invasion to recharge the formation energy and seal off the gas in the reservoir.Then,the material balance method considering the phenomenon of water sealed gas was established.On this basis,the water invasion characteristic curve chart of water-bearing gas reservoirs was plotted,and the non-uniform water invasion mode was classified based on the example gas reservoir.And the following research results were obtained.First,in the water invasion characteristic curve chart of waterbearing gas reservoirs which is plotted based on the material balance method considering the influence of water sealed gas,the upper right area and the lower left area are defined as recharge area and seal area,respectively.By taking A=0 and B=2 as the boundary,the recharge area is divided into strong recharge area and weak recharge area.By taking A=2 and B=2 as the boundary,the seal area is divided into strong seal area and weak seal area.And correspondingly there are four water invasion modes,i.e.,strong recharge,weak recharge,weak seal and strong seal.Second,for fractured gas reservoirs,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties is high,and water sealed gas can be formed easily after water invasion.The dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data of this type of gas reservoir is located in the seal area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart.Third,for the gas reservoirs whose reservoir physical properties are relatively uniform,the dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data is located in the recharge area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart,and the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy is greater than the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy.Fourth,with the increase of A,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties increases,the water invasion characteristic curve shifts from the upper right to the lower left,and the recovery factor of gas reservoir decreases continuously.With the increase of B,the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy and the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy are both weakened,the distribution range of water invasion characteristic curve narrows to the recharge/seal boundary,and the corresponding range of gas reservoir recovery factor also narrows.
文摘This paper has announced the arrival of new economic era through an analysis of Nike＇s management mode. The traditional industry classification can＇t meet demands of industry development. We should inherit and improve traditional economy in order to adapt to the development demand of new economy.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (Nos. 2004CB318000 and 2002CB312104), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60133020 and 60325208) and the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (No. 1062006), China
文摘Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is an adaptive and approximately orthogonal filtering process that reflects human’s visual mechanism of differentiating textures. In this paper, we present a modified 2D EMD algorithm using the FastRBF and an appropriate number of iterations in the shifting process (SP), then apply it to texture classification. Rotation-invariant texture feature vectors are extracted using auto-registration and circular regions of magnitude spectra of 2D fast Fourier transform (FFT). In the experiments, we employ a Bayesion classifier to classify a set of 15 distinct natural textures selected from the Brodatz album. The experimental results, based on different testing datasets for images with different orientations, show the effectiveness of the proposed classification scheme.
基金Foundation item： Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 41306087）, Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean （Grant No. 201505019）
文摘Ice-induced structural vibration generally decreases with an increase in structural width at the waterline. Definitions of wide/narrow ice-resistant conical structures, according to ice-induced vibration, are directly related to structure width, sea ice parameters, and clearing modes of broken ice. This paper proposes three clearing modes for broken ice acting on conical structures: complete clearing, temporary ice pile up, and ice pile up. In this paper, sea ice clearing modes and the formation requirements of dynamic ice force are analyzed to explore criteria determining wide/narrow ice-resistant conical structures. According to the direct measurement data of typical prototype structures, quantitative criteria of the ratio of a cone width at waterline(D) to sea ice thickness(h) is proposed. If the ratio is less than 30(narrow conical structure), broken ice is completely cleared and a dynamic ice force is produced; however, if the ratio is larger than 50(wide conical structure), the front stacking of broken ice or dynamic ice force will not occur.
文摘BACKGROUND with the widespread application of computer network systems in the medical field,the plan-do-check-action(PDCA)and the international classification of diseases tenth edition(ICD-10)coding system have also achieved favorable results in clinical medical record management.However,research on their combined application is relatively lacking.Objective:it was to explore the impact of network systems and PDCA management mode on ICD-10 encoding.Material and Method:a retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.AIM To study the adoption of network and PDCA in the ICD-10.METHODS A retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.RESULTS In the 3,6,12,18,and 24 months of PDCA cycle management mode,the coding accuracy and medical record completion rate were higher,and the coding time was lower in the observation group as against the controls(P<0.05).The satisfaction of coders(80.22%vs 53.45%)and patients(84.89%vs 51.72%)in the observation group was markedly higher as against the controls(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of computer networks and PDCA can improve the accuracy,efficiency,completion rate,and satisfaction of ICD-10 coding.
文摘Basing upon the tonality analytic method, the present paper aims at： （1） Drawing attention to the subordination of the minor key vs. the major key in the chord classification, using the same methodology; and （2） Showing the differences for the major key and the minor （harmonic） key in the classification of chords, as an aspect of importance for interpreting a piece＇s tonal structure diagram. The relations between chords appearing in the major and minor （harmonic） key will be shown by applying the comparisons of： （1） third-based chords; and （2） degrees in the C major and A minor keys, on which the same diatonic chords appear.
基金The National Key R&D Program Projects(Grant No.2022YFC2803601)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021YQ29)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.YQ2024E036)the Taishan Scholars Project(Grant No.tsqn202312317).
文摘Autonomous Underwater Vehicles(AUVs)are pivotal for deep-sea exploration and resource exploitation,yet their reliability in extreme underwater environments remains a critical barrier to widespread deployment.Through systematic analysis of 150 peer-reviewed studies employing mixed-methods research,this review yields three principal advancements to the reliability analysis of AUVs.First,based on the hierarchical functional division of AUVs into six subsystems(propulsion system,navigation system,communication system,power system,environmental detection system,and emergency system),this study systematically identifies the primary failure modes and potential failure causes of each subsystem,providing theoretical support for fault diagnosis and reliability optimization.Subsequently,a comprehensive review of AUV reliability analysis methods is conducted from three perspectives:analytical methods,simulated methods,and surrogate model methods.The applicability and limitations of each method are critically analyzed to offer insights into their suitability for engineering applications.Finally,the study highlights key challenges and research hotpots in AUV reliability analysis,including reliability analysis under limited data,AI-driven reliability analysis,and human reliability analysis.Furthermore,the potential of multi-sensor data fusion,edge computing,and advanced materials in enhancing AUV environmental adaptability and reliability is explored.
