Different from the organization structure of complex projects in Western countries, the Liang Zong hierarchical organization structure of complex projects in China has two different chains, the chief-engineer chain an...Different from the organization structure of complex projects in Western countries, the Liang Zong hierarchical organization structure of complex projects in China has two different chains, the chief-engineer chain and the general-director chain,to handle the trade-off between technical and management decisions. However, previous works on organization search have mainly focused on the single-chain hierarchical organization in which all decisions are regarded as homogeneous. The heterogeneity and the interdependency between technical decisions and management decisions have been neglected. A two-chain hierarchical organization structure mapped from a real complex project is constructed. Then, a discrete decision model for a Liang Zong two-chain hierarchical organization in an NK model framework is proposed. This model proves that this kind of organization structure can reduce the search space by a large amount and that the search process should reach a final stable state more quickly. For a more complicated decision mechanism, a multi-agent simulation based on the above NK model is used to explore the effect of the two-chain organization structure on the speed, stability, and performance of the search process. The results provide three insights into how, compared with the single-chain hierarchical organization, the two-chain organization can improve the search process: it can reduce the number of iterations efficiently; the search is more stable because the search space is a smoother hill-like fitness landscape; in general, the search performance can be improved.However, when the organization structure is very complicated, the performance of a two-chain organization is inferior to that of a single-chain organization. These findings about the efficiency of the unique Chinese-style organization structure can be used to guide organization design for complex projects.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(7157105771390522)the Key Lab for Public Engineering Audit of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Audit University(GGSS2016-08)
文摘Different from the organization structure of complex projects in Western countries, the Liang Zong hierarchical organization structure of complex projects in China has two different chains, the chief-engineer chain and the general-director chain,to handle the trade-off between technical and management decisions. However, previous works on organization search have mainly focused on the single-chain hierarchical organization in which all decisions are regarded as homogeneous. The heterogeneity and the interdependency between technical decisions and management decisions have been neglected. A two-chain hierarchical organization structure mapped from a real complex project is constructed. Then, a discrete decision model for a Liang Zong two-chain hierarchical organization in an NK model framework is proposed. This model proves that this kind of organization structure can reduce the search space by a large amount and that the search process should reach a final stable state more quickly. For a more complicated decision mechanism, a multi-agent simulation based on the above NK model is used to explore the effect of the two-chain organization structure on the speed, stability, and performance of the search process. The results provide three insights into how, compared with the single-chain hierarchical organization, the two-chain organization can improve the search process: it can reduce the number of iterations efficiently; the search is more stable because the search space is a smoother hill-like fitness landscape; in general, the search performance can be improved.However, when the organization structure is very complicated, the performance of a two-chain organization is inferior to that of a single-chain organization. These findings about the efficiency of the unique Chinese-style organization structure can be used to guide organization design for complex projects.
文摘目前,多无人机(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,UAV)在大规模任务场景下的任务分配问题仍是一个挑战性问题。传统启发式算法可在较低计算复杂度下得到满意的解,但收敛速度慢且难以收敛到全局最优解。为此提出一种基于UAV链、任务链和双阶段修复策略的遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm Based on UAV-chain,Task-chain,and Two-Stage Repair strategy,UTTSRGA)。在编码结构中设计UAV链和任务链来量化任务执行代价,增强了编码中的信息承载能力并显著提升搜索效率。针对交叉操作后出现任务缺失与任务重复问题,设计双阶段修复策略。第一阶段设计随机填充机制,增强对解空间的全局搜索能力;第二阶段设计邻接映射表修复机制,根据任务间的邻接关系提供进化方向,有效引导种群向当前最优解快速收敛。提出动态复合变异策略,融合自适应变异率与基于任务链值的变异点选择,并设计4种功能互补的变异算子,多维度协同优化解的质量。针对大规模场景下的路径交叉问题,引入路径优化策略,从实践角度进一步优化任务分配方案。实验结果表明,UTTSRGA在不同任务规模下,尤其是大规模复杂任务场景中,在解的质量、收敛速度和鲁棒性3个方面均表现出显著优势。
