SUN Da-peng BAO Wei-bin, WU Hao and LI Yu-cheng （ In this paper the 0-1 combined BEM is adopted to subdivide the computational domain boundary, and to discretize the Green＇s integral expression based on Laplace equ...SUN Da-peng BAO Wei-bin, WU Hao and LI Yu-cheng （ In this paper the 0-1 combined BEM is adopted to subdivide the computational domain boundary, and to discretize the Green＇s integral expression based on Laplace equation. The FEM is used to subdivide the wave surface and deduce the surface equation which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions on the surface. The equations with potential function and wave surface height as an unknown quantity by application of Taylor expansion approach can be solved by iteration within the time step. In m-time iteration within the computational process of time step （n-1）At to nat, the results of the previous iteration are taken as the initial value of the two-order unknown terms in the present iteration. Thus, an improved tracking mode of nonlinear wave surface is estabIished, and numerical results of wave tank test indicate that this mode is improved obviously and is more precise than the previous numerical model which ignored the two-order unknown terms of wave surface location and velocity potential function in comparison with the theoretical values.展开更多
In the context of the global low-carbon economy,the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism(CCATM)plays an important impact on the production and trade of enterprises and is widely implemented by most governments to reduce car...In the context of the global low-carbon economy,the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism(CCATM)plays an important impact on the production and trade of enterprises and is widely implemented by most governments to reduce carbon emissions.In this paper,we investigate a two-stage supply chain game model with a stochastic demand under the CCATM,in which the manufacturer has two production modes and the retailer has two order opportunities,and both of them make green effort.The results show that the optimal decision is irrelevant to carbon cap while is relevant to carbon emissions per unit product.The profits of both the manufacturer and the retailer increase under the CCATM.Furthermore,we explore the optimal decisions under the buyback contract and the payment contract provided by the manufacturer to the retailer.We find that the transfer payment can't improve the profit while the buyback contract can do.We further extend our model by investigating the scenario with the risk-averse channel members,and find that the first optimal order quantity of the retailer would reduce due to risk aversion,while the manufacturer would invest more green effort and the manufacturer would be more likely to cooperate with alowerrisk-averse retailer.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50921001)
文摘SUN Da-peng BAO Wei-bin, WU Hao and LI Yu-cheng （ In this paper the 0-1 combined BEM is adopted to subdivide the computational domain boundary, and to discretize the Green＇s integral expression based on Laplace equation. The FEM is used to subdivide the wave surface and deduce the surface equation which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions on the surface. The equations with potential function and wave surface height as an unknown quantity by application of Taylor expansion approach can be solved by iteration within the time step. In m-time iteration within the computational process of time step （n-1）At to nat, the results of the previous iteration are taken as the initial value of the two-order unknown terms in the present iteration. Thus, an improved tracking mode of nonlinear wave surface is estabIished, and numerical results of wave tank test indicate that this mode is improved obviously and is more precise than the previous numerical model which ignored the two-order unknown terms of wave surface location and velocity potential function in comparison with the theoretical values.
基金The authors thank an associate editor and anonymous referees for their numerous con-structive comments and encouragement that have helped improve our paper greatly.This research was partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.71971113 and 71571100Natural Science Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province under Grant Nos.KJ2021A1054 and KJ2020A09.
文摘In the context of the global low-carbon economy,the carbon cap-and-trade mechanism(CCATM)plays an important impact on the production and trade of enterprises and is widely implemented by most governments to reduce carbon emissions.In this paper,we investigate a two-stage supply chain game model with a stochastic demand under the CCATM,in which the manufacturer has two production modes and the retailer has two order opportunities,and both of them make green effort.The results show that the optimal decision is irrelevant to carbon cap while is relevant to carbon emissions per unit product.The profits of both the manufacturer and the retailer increase under the CCATM.Furthermore,we explore the optimal decisions under the buyback contract and the payment contract provided by the manufacturer to the retailer.We find that the transfer payment can't improve the profit while the buyback contract can do.We further extend our model by investigating the scenario with the risk-averse channel members,and find that the first optimal order quantity of the retailer would reduce due to risk aversion,while the manufacturer would invest more green effort and the manufacturer would be more likely to cooperate with alowerrisk-averse retailer.
