Objective:This study aims to identify the prevalence of bullying in the workplace and to examine its association with turnover(TO)intention and secondary traumatic stress(STS)among Jordanian nurses employed in Emergen...Objective:This study aims to identify the prevalence of bullying in the workplace and to examine its association with turnover(TO)intention and secondary traumatic stress(STS)among Jordanian nurses employed in Emergency Departments(EDs)and critical care units(CCUs).Nurses employed in the EDs and CCUs are exposed to high levels of bullying behaviors that may contribute to STS,leading to high rates of TO.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional design was used.A sample of 150 Jordanian nurses working in CCUs and EDs completed the study.Data collection was performed using the Demographical Questionnaire,the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised(NAQ-R),ProQOL scale,and TO scale.The IBM SPSS software was used to analyze data.Results:About 10.7%and 89.3%were categorized as“occasionally bullied”and“victims of workplace bullying”subsequently.Workplace bullying was positively associated with TO intention(r=0.46,P<0.001)and STS(r=0.36,P<0.001).TO was positively associated with STS(r=0.36,P<0.001).Bullying was a unique significant predictor of TO intention(t=4.59,B=0.34,P<0.001)and STS(t=4.15,B=0.34,P<0.001).Conclusions:Bullying behavior has negative adversarial effects on TO and the experience of STS.The prevalence of bullying behavior in the EDs and CCUs remains high despite the increasing awareness of its negative impacts.Healthcare organizations should put systems in place to ensure that zero-tolerance policy are monitored in terms of the effectiveness of its implementation.展开更多
This study focuses on the relationship between job stress and intention to leave among obstetric(OB)nurses in the context of China's birth policy adjustment,and provides a scientific basis for policymakers and hea...This study focuses on the relationship between job stress and intention to leave among obstetric(OB)nurses in the context of China's birth policy adjustment,and provides a scientific basis for policymakers and healthcare administrators.This study used a non-experimental descriptive correlation design with a purposive sampling of 230 OB nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Jinan,Shandong Province.Participants were surveyed using three questionnaires and descriptive analysis;ANOVA and correlation analyses were used to analyze the relationship between participants'stressor levels and turnover intention.Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between nurses‘work stressors and turnover intention,with a correlation coefficient of r=0.53,a moderate positive correlation(P<0.001).Based on the survey data from three tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province,the obstetric nurses group has a medium level of work stressors,but a high turnover intention,highlighting the professional identity crisis.展开更多
Nurse turnover can negatively impact delivering patient care in the health facilities which will affect the patient’s health and reduce the quality of care. The MOH faces a serious challenge or high nursing staff tur...Nurse turnover can negatively impact delivering patient care in the health facilities which will affect the patient’s health and reduce the quality of care. The MOH faces a serious challenge or high nursing staff turnover and the intention to leave the workforce. <strong>Aim:</strong> To explore one of the significant human recourse problems in the MOH and affecting the healthcare system, which is, factors affecting nurses’ turnover in governmental hospitals using Alhassa governmental hospitals as a case study.<strong> Method:</strong> A quantitative research method used to explore the factors affecting nurses’ turnover in the governmental hospitals in Alhassa. <strong>Result:</strong> According to the study finding, management style was a factor more likely to indicate nurses’ turnover. It defines the impact of management style and works environment on nurses’ and clients’ systems. Individual factors were the second influence on their turnover. The balance between nurses’ work and their family need was the first issue that had affected their work. Organization factors are also an influence on the nurses’ turnover in Alhassa region. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nurses’ turnover is a significant issue in a human resource in MOH. This study first applied in Alhassa region that highlighted the factors that affect nurses’ turnover. Nurses’ turnover is a continuous problem that occurs in the health facilities related to management method causes, personal causes or organizational causes. Management style was the most influences on nurses’ turnover in this study changing or modifying management style that can intent nurses to continue their work in the hospital in Alhassa region.展开更多
Profitability ratios are a group of financial ratios that indicate how much profit a business is earning within a certain context, while asset utilization ratios indicate how efficient a business is in operating its a...Profitability ratios are a group of financial ratios that indicate how much profit a business is earning within a certain context, while asset utilization ratios indicate how efficient a business is in operating its assets to generate cash. The difference between profitability ratios and turnover ratios is the fact that turnovers are more specific. While profitability ratios measure overall performance in terms of profits, asset utilization ratios focus on specific measurements within the business） We conduct this study to verify the impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ performance during the period from 2009 to 2012. The study showed that there is no significant impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ profitability, and by testing the main and sub hypotheses, the study revealed that there is no significant impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ return on assets （ROA）, there is no significant impact of working capital turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROA, there is no significant impact of total asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROA, and there is no significant impact of fixed asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROA. Also, the study showed that there is no significant impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ return on equity （ROE）, there is no significant impact of working capital turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROE, there is no significant impact of total asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROE, and there is no significant impact of fixed asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROE. Moreover, the study concluded that the educational services sector has the lowest working capital turnover and healthcare services sector has the highest. In addition, we find that the hotels and tourism sector has the lowest total asset turnover ratio, while the utilities and energy sector has the highest and that the hotels and tourism sector has the lowest fixed asset turnover, while the utilities and energy sector has the highest. The transportation sector has the lowest ROA and technology and communication sector has the highest. Finally, we find that transportation sector has the lowest ROE and the technology and communication sector has the highest.展开更多
Background:Nurses'turnover has been a major concern globally,which is strongly influenced by nurses'intent to leave.However,only a few large sample studies on the predictive factors associated with nurses'...Background:Nurses'turnover has been a major concern globally,which is strongly influenced by nurses'intent to leave.However,only a few large sample studies on the predictive factors associated with nurses'turnover intention were conducted in Jiangsu Province.This study mainly aims to examine the level and factors that influence nurses to leave their work in Jiangsu Province of Eastern China.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 1978 nurses was conducted at 48 hospitals in 14 key cities throughout Jiangsu Province.The turnover intention in nurses was measured by the scale of intent to leave the profession.The work environment of nurses was measured by the Chinese version of the Practice Environment Scale.A multiple linear regression model was applied to analyse the factors associated with turnover intention.Results:The resignation rate of nurses in the hospitals of Jiangsu Province ranged from 0.64%to 12.71%in 2016.The mean scores were 15.50±3.44 for turnover intention,and 3.06±0.51 for work environment.Involvement in hospital affairs,resource adequacy,age,professional title,year(s)working,employment type and education level were the predictors of nurse intent to leave(P<0.05).Conclusion:The work environment of nurses in hospitals must be improved in staffing and resource and nurses'involvement in hospital affairs.The current study corroborates that nurses have high turnover intention.Thus,effective measures are needed to improve nurse accomplishment,professional status,participation in hospital affairs and career planning to reduce their turnover intention.展开更多
Decomposition experiments of 14C-labelled sickle alfalfa in chao soils of different texture and these soils after removal of CaCO3 were carried out under field and laboratory conditions respectively. The amount of res...Decomposition experiments of 14C-labelled sickle alfalfa in chao soils of different texture and these soils after removal of CaCO3 were carried out under field and laboratory conditions respectively. The amount of residual 14C in, or 14CO2 evolved from, the soils at intervals after the beginning of decomposition were measured and the distribution of native and labelled C between particle size fractions isolated from these soils was edtermined. Results showed that contents of both labelled (14C) and non-labelled (12C) carbon decreased with increasing particle size. The enrichment factor for 14C was higher than that for 12C in the clay fraction, the reverse being true for the silt enrichment factors. The effect of soil texture on the decomposition of plant material could not be observed in chao soils when the clay content was lower than 270g kg-1, while it became obvious once CaCO3 was removed from these soils. The decomposition rate of plant material in the soil from which the native CaCO3 was removed was correlated significantly to both the clay content of the soil and the application rate of CaCO3. A preliminary correction equation describing the effect of clay and CaCO3 on the decomposition of organic material in chao soil was derived from the results obtained.展开更多
Objective:The paper aimed to explore the impact of work support and potential for career advancement on the nurse turnover intention in order to find an effective approach to curb high turnover.Methods:A cross-section...Objective:The paper aimed to explore the impact of work support and potential for career advancement on the nurse turnover intention in order to find an effective approach to curb high turnover.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 526 nurses from eight teaching hospitals in Tianjin,China,was conducted to test the hypothesized multilevel model.The organizational career growth scale,work support scale,and the nurse turnover intention scale were used to measure the effect of organizational career growth and work support on nurse turnover intention.Finally,SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 17.0 software were used to analyse the relationship of these variables.Results:The score of the three scales nurse turnover,organizational career growth,and work support were 1.98±0.60,2.40±0.50,and 4.06±0.98,respectively.The total and direct effects of work support on turnover intention were0.361(p<0.01)and0.147(p<0.01),respectively.The indirect effect was0.169 with a 95%bootstrap confidence interval of0.257 to0.102.Conclusion:The study showed a lack of work support negatively and directly associated with nurse turnover intention.Additional opportunities for career growth within the organization may strengthen the effect of work support and consequently increase the retention of qualified nursing staff.展开更多
Substantial evidence exists that in addition to the well-known complications of diabetes, increased fracture risk is an important morbidity. This risk is probably due to altered bone properties in diabetes. Circulatin...Substantial evidence exists that in addition to the well-known complications of diabetes, increased fracture risk is an important morbidity. This risk is probably due to altered bone properties in diabetes. Circulating biochemical markers of bone turnover have been found to be decreased in type 2 diabetes （T2D） and may be predictive of fractures independently of bone mineral density （BMD）. Serum sclerostin levels have been found to be increased in T2D and appear to be predictive of fracture risk independent of BMD. Bone imaging technologies, including trabecular bone score （TBS） and quantitative CT testing have revealed differences in diabetic bone as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Specifically, high resolution peripheral quantitative CT （HRpQCT） imaging has demonstrated increased cortical porosity in diabetic postmenopausal women. Other factors such as bone marrow fat saturation and advanced glycation endproduct （AGE） accumulation might also relate to bone cell function and fracture risk in diabetes. These data have increased our understanding of how T2D adversely impacts both bone metabolism and fracture risk.展开更多
Background:Old-growth forests are irreplaceable with respect to climate change mitigation and have considerable carbon(C)sink potential in soils.However,the relationship between the soil organic carbon(SOC)turnover ra...Background:Old-growth forests are irreplaceable with respect to climate change mitigation and have considerable carbon(C)sink potential in soils.However,the relationship between the soil organic carbon(SOC)turnover rate and forest development is poorly understood,which hinders our ability to assess the C sequestration capacity of soil in old-growth forests.Methods:In this study,we evaluated the SOC turnover rate by calculating the isotopic enrichment factor β(defined as the slope of the regression between ^(13)C natural abundance and log-transformed C concentrations)along 0-30 cm soil profiles in three successional forests in subtropical China.A lower β(steeper slope)is associated with a higher turnover rate.The three forests were a 60-year-old P.massoniana forest(PF),a 100-year-old coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest(MF),and a 400-year-old monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest(BF).We also analyzed the soil physicochemical properties in these forests to examine the dynamics of SOC turnover during forest succession and the main regulators.Results:The β value for the upper 30-cm soils in the BF was significantly(p<0.05)higher than that in the PF,in addition to the SOC stock,although there were nonsignificant differences between the BF and MF.The β value was significantly(p<0.05)positively correlated with the soil recalcitrance index,total nitrogen,and available nitrogen contents but was significantly(p<0.01)negatively correlated with soil pH.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that SOC has lower turnover rates in old-growth forests,accompanied by higher soil chemical recalcitrance,nitrogen status,and lower soil pH.This finding helps to elucidate the mechanism underlying C sequestration in old-growth forest soils,and emphasizes the important value of old-growth forests among global C sinks.展开更多
China's forests cover 208.3 million ha and span a wide range of climates and a large variety of forest types, including tropical, temperate, and boreal forests. However, the variation patterns of fine root (< 2...China's forests cover 208.3 million ha and span a wide range of climates and a large variety of forest types, including tropical, temperate, and boreal forests. However, the variation patterns of fine root (< 2 mm in diameter) biomass, production, and turnover from the south to the north are unclear. This study summarizes fine root biomass (FRB), production (FRP) and turnover rate (FRT) in China's forests as reported by 140 case studies published from 1983 to 2014. The results showed that the mean values of FRB, FRP and FRT in China's forests were 278 g m(-2), 366 g m(-2) a(-1), and 1.19 a(-1), respectively. Compared with other studies at the regional or global scales, FRB in China's forests was lower, FRP was similar to estimates at the global scale, but FRT was much higher. FRB, FRP, and FRT in China's forests increased with increasing mean annual precipitation (MAP), indicating that fine root variables were likely related to MAP, rather than mean annual temperature or latitude. This is possibly due to the small variation in temperature but greater variation in precipitation during the growing season. These findings suggest that spatiotemporal variation in precipitation has a more profound impact on fine root dynamics in China's forests, and this will impact carbon and nutrient cycles driven by root turnover in the future.展开更多
Characteristics and tidal flat trends of soil organic matter （SOM） turnover were studied for the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary, based on analyses of stable carbon isotope composition （δ^...Characteristics and tidal flat trends of soil organic matter （SOM） turnover were studied for the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary, based on analyses of stable carbon isotope composition （δ^13C）, grain sizes and contents of particulate organic carbon （POC）, total nitrogen （TN） and inorganic carbon （TIC） for three cores excavated from high tidal flat, middle tidal flat and bare flat. Results demonstrate that correlations between soil POC contents and δ^13C values of the salt marsh cores were similar to those between soil organic carbon （SOC） contents and δ^13C values of the upper soil layers of mountainous soil profiles with different altitudes. SOM of salt marsh was generally younger than 100 years, and originated mainly from topsoil erosions in catchments of the Yangtze River. Correlations of TN content with C/N ratio, POC content with TIC content and POC content with δ^13C values for the cores suggest that turnover degrees of SOM from the salt marsh are overall low, and trends of SOM turnover are clear from the bare flat to the high tidal flat. Bare flat samples show characteristics of original sediments, with minor SOM turnover. Turnover processes of SOM have occurred and are discernable in the high and middle tidal flats, and the mixing degrees of SOM compartments with different turnover rates increase with evolution of the muddy tidal flat. The exclusive strata structure of alternate muddy laminae and silty laminae originated from dynamic depositional processes on muddy tidal flat was a great obstacle to vertical migration of dissolved materials, and SOM turnover was then constrained. The muddy tidal flat processes exerted direct influences on sequestration and turnover of SOM in the salt marsh, and had great constraints on the spatial and temporal characteristics of SOM turnover of the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to determine the mediating effects of psychological empowerment on abusive supervision and turnover intention as perceived by nurses to provide information to change the status of nurse turno...Objective:This study aims to determine the mediating effects of psychological empowerment on abusive supervision and turnover intention as perceived by nurses to provide information to change the status of nurse turnover.Methods:A cross-sectional survey(a questionnaire examining perceptions of abusive supervision,measurement of psychological empowerment,and questionnaire for turnover intention)was used to collect data.A total of 1127 clinical nurses,who were recruited through convenience sampling,participated in the survey.Results:Nurses'average perceived abusive supervision,psychological empowerment,and turnover intention scores were 1.62±0.95,3.24±0.83,and 14.17±3.78,respectively.Psychological empowerment was found to mediate the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention(P<0.01).Turnover intention tends to be stronger and psychological empowerment reduced when nurse managers adopt an abusive leadership style.Conclusions:Nurses'psychological empowerment is an intermediary variable that predicts the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention.Nurse managers should manage abusive supervision to increase nurses'psychological empowerment and decrease turnover intention.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the association between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1）, osteocalcin, and parathyroid hormone （PTH） levels with the etiology and clinical condition of patients with chronic liver di...AIM： To investigate the association between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1）, osteocalcin, and parathyroid hormone （PTH） levels with the etiology and clinical condition of patients with chronic liver disease. METHODS： Eighty children with hepatocellular damage were divided into 3 groups according to the etiology of disease infection： bilharziasis （9 patients）, hepatitis B virus （HBV, 12 patients） and hepatitis C virus （HCV, 29 patients）. The Child score index was found as A in 24 patients, B in 22 patients, C in 4 patients. Thirty healthy children served as control group.HBsAg, HBcAbIgM, HBcAbIgG, and anti-HCV were detected using ELISA technique. HCV-RNA was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Antibllharzial antibodies were detected by indirect haemagglutination test. Liver function tests were performed using autoanalyser. Serum IGF-1, osteocalcin and PTH levels were measured by ELISA technique. Abdominal ultrasonography was also conducted. RESULTS： Serum IGF-1 level was significantly lower in all patient groups with liver diseases, while serum osteocalcin and PTH levels were significantly elevated in patients with HBV and HCV infections compared with the control group. Serum osteocalcin and PTH concentrations were measured with the severity of liver disease from Child A to C. Child A patients unexpectedly showed significantly reduced IGF-1 levels in comparison to patients staged as Child B or C. Serum osteocalcin level was negatively correlated with albumin （14.7 ± 0.54 vs 3.6 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.05）, while that for PTH was positively correlated with total protein （70.1 ± 2.17 vs 6.7 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.05） in patients with HCV infection.展开更多
The development of robust photocatalytic systems is key to harvest the solar power for hydrogen production. In the current study, a series of aluminum-based porphyrinic metal organic frameworks (AlTCPP) with various m...The development of robust photocatalytic systems is key to harvest the solar power for hydrogen production. In the current study, a series of aluminum-based porphyrinic metal organic frameworks (AlTCPP) with various morphologies of bulk, carambola-like and nanosheets are synthesized with modulated layer thickness. Morphology-dependent photocatalytic activities in hydrogen production are witnessed and inversely correlate to the thickness of the Al-TCPP micro-platelets or nanosheets. Particularly, the exfoliated metal organic layers (MOLs) of Al-TCPP demonstrated a high hydrogen yield rate of 1.32×10^(4)μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)that is 21-fold of that from the bulk catalyst, as well as an exceptional TON of6704 that seldom seen in literature. Through comprehensive photochemical characterizations, the remarkable photocatalytic performance of Al-TCPP-MOL is attributed to the great charge separation efficiency and transfer kinetics endowed by the ultrathin 2D morphology with extended active surface area.展开更多
Objectives:The unrelenting migration trend of Filipino nurses to other countries has threatened the quality of patient care services in the country.This study explored the extent of nurses'organizational commitmen...Objectives:The unrelenting migration trend of Filipino nurses to other countries has threatened the quality of patient care services in the country.This study explored the extent of nurses'organizational commitment and turnover intention in the Philippines.Furthermore,predictors of nurses'organizational commitment and turnover intention were identified.Methods:A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study.Two hundred nurses from nine rural hospitals in the Central Philippines were asked to participate in the study and 166 nurses responded(an 83%response rate).Two standardized instruments were used:the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and the Six-item Turnover Intention Inventory Scale.Results:Findings revealed that Philippine nurses were moderately committed(3.13±0.24)to and were undecided(2.42±0.67)whether or not to leave their organization.Nurses'age(P=0.006),gender,(t=-2.25,P=0.026),education(t=2.38,P<0.001),rank(t=4.38,P<0.001),and work experience(t=2.18,P=0.031)correlated significantly with organizational commitment,while nurses'age(P=0.028)and education(t=1.99,P=0.048)correlated significantly with turnover intention.An inverse relationship was identified between the organizational commitment and turnover intention(r=-0.22,P=0.005).Conclusion:The findings of this study highlight the need for formulation and implementation of interventions to promote life-long commitment in nurses and to reduce turnover rates.展开更多
Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The resul...Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.展开更多
The methods based on N uptake of aerial-plants, soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, Jenny's equation, and actual measurement of long-term field experiments in Jiaxing, Quzhou, Huangyan and Hangzhou of Zhejiang Pro...The methods based on N uptake of aerial-plants, soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, Jenny's equation, and actual measurement of long-term field experiments in Jiaxing, Quzhou, Huangyan and Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province, China were used to determine the organic mineralization rate being helpful in estimating the organic requirement for SOM equilibrium. The results showed that the estimated mineralization ratios of SOM for Jiaxing and Quzhou were, respectively, 0.0404 and 0.0508 based on N uptake of aerial-plants in non-fertilized plots; 0.0405 and 0.012 using SOM dynamics in non-fertilized plots; and 0.0413 and 0.0513 using the actual investigated data and Jenny's equation. With Jenny's equation, soil organic C balance in manure + N-P-K plots was estimated at nearly 28.8 g kg-1 for Jiaxing and 32.4 g kg-1 for Quzhou with predicted SOM linearly related to the actual investigated values (r2 = 0.9640 for Jiaxing and 0.8541 for Quzhou). To maintain the SOM balance in the non-fertilized plots the recommended rate of organic materials was 3 000-6 600 kg ha-1, and the relevant rates of farm yard manure (FYM) in the manure and N-P-K plots were estimated at 3 375 (dry) and 17670 kg ha-1 (wet) for Jiaxing, 1845 (dry) and 6090 kg ha-1 (wet) for Quzhou.展开更多
The three-pool and first-order model separates the mineralizable organic carbon into active,slow,and passive carbon pools.This paper used the model and decomposition curves of the soil organic carbon to fit the active...The three-pool and first-order model separates the mineralizable organic carbon into active,slow,and passive carbon pools.This paper used the model and decomposition curves of the soil organic carbon to fit the active pool and its decomposition rate,slow pool and its decomposition rate.The results showed that the size of the active pool from different profiles accounted for 2.09%-3.08% of the total soil organic carbon and the mean residue time was 3.57-17.21 days.And the size of the slow pool accounted for 3.19%-43.55% and the mean residue time was 1.12-4.94 years.Acid hydrolysis（6M HCl） was used to fractionate the passive organic carbon,which accounted for 50.83%-94.44% of the total soil organic carbon.展开更多
Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the re...Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum GDF11 level, bone mass, and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women. Serum GDF11 level, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined in 169 postmenopausal Chinese women （47-78 years old）. GDF11 serum levels increased with aging. There were negative correlations between GDF11 and BMD at the various skeletal sites. After adjusting for age and body mass index （BMI）, the correlations remained statistically significant. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, age or years since menopause, BMI, GDF11, and estradiol were independent predictors of BMD. A significant negative correlation between GDF11 and bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP） was identified and remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant correlation was noted between cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen （NTX） and GDF11. In conclusion, GDF11 is an independent negative predictor of BMD and correlates with a biomarker of bone formation, BAP, in postmenopausal Chinese women. GDF11 potentially exerts a negative effect on bone mass by regulating bone formation.展开更多
Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical application value of bone turnover markers in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with bone metastases.Including diagnosing bone metastases,detecti...Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical application value of bone turnover markers in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with bone metastases.Including diagnosing bone metastases,detecting bone metastatic spread.Methods:Alkaline phosphatase(AKP),β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen(β-CTx),osteocalcin(OST) and bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) were measured in 76 patients with bone metastases from NSCLC and 44 normal people.Results:The level of AKP,β-CTx and BALP in patients with bone metastasis was significantly higher than in the normal people.Significant correlation was observed among bone turnover markers.The levels of BALP and OST were significantly correlated with the extent of bone metastasis.The patients with high-level CTx and low-level BALP had higher risk of pathologic fracture.Conclusion:In NSCLC patients with bone metastases,bone turnover markers can help to make diagnosis and evaluate the severity.It will have a wide range of use in clinical practice.展开更多
文摘Objective:This study aims to identify the prevalence of bullying in the workplace and to examine its association with turnover(TO)intention and secondary traumatic stress(STS)among Jordanian nurses employed in Emergency Departments(EDs)and critical care units(CCUs).Nurses employed in the EDs and CCUs are exposed to high levels of bullying behaviors that may contribute to STS,leading to high rates of TO.Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional design was used.A sample of 150 Jordanian nurses working in CCUs and EDs completed the study.Data collection was performed using the Demographical Questionnaire,the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised(NAQ-R),ProQOL scale,and TO scale.The IBM SPSS software was used to analyze data.Results:About 10.7%and 89.3%were categorized as“occasionally bullied”and“victims of workplace bullying”subsequently.Workplace bullying was positively associated with TO intention(r=0.46,P<0.001)and STS(r=0.36,P<0.001).TO was positively associated with STS(r=0.36,P<0.001).Bullying was a unique significant predictor of TO intention(t=4.59,B=0.34,P<0.001)and STS(t=4.15,B=0.34,P<0.001).Conclusions:Bullying behavior has negative adversarial effects on TO and the experience of STS.The prevalence of bullying behavior in the EDs and CCUs remains high despite the increasing awareness of its negative impacts.Healthcare organizations should put systems in place to ensure that zero-tolerance policy are monitored in terms of the effectiveness of its implementation.
文摘This study focuses on the relationship between job stress and intention to leave among obstetric(OB)nurses in the context of China's birth policy adjustment,and provides a scientific basis for policymakers and healthcare administrators.This study used a non-experimental descriptive correlation design with a purposive sampling of 230 OB nurses from three tertiary hospitals in Jinan,Shandong Province.Participants were surveyed using three questionnaires and descriptive analysis;ANOVA and correlation analyses were used to analyze the relationship between participants'stressor levels and turnover intention.Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between nurses‘work stressors and turnover intention,with a correlation coefficient of r=0.53,a moderate positive correlation(P<0.001).Based on the survey data from three tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province,the obstetric nurses group has a medium level of work stressors,but a high turnover intention,highlighting the professional identity crisis.
文摘Nurse turnover can negatively impact delivering patient care in the health facilities which will affect the patient’s health and reduce the quality of care. The MOH faces a serious challenge or high nursing staff turnover and the intention to leave the workforce. <strong>Aim:</strong> To explore one of the significant human recourse problems in the MOH and affecting the healthcare system, which is, factors affecting nurses’ turnover in governmental hospitals using Alhassa governmental hospitals as a case study.<strong> Method:</strong> A quantitative research method used to explore the factors affecting nurses’ turnover in the governmental hospitals in Alhassa. <strong>Result:</strong> According to the study finding, management style was a factor more likely to indicate nurses’ turnover. It defines the impact of management style and works environment on nurses’ and clients’ systems. Individual factors were the second influence on their turnover. The balance between nurses’ work and their family need was the first issue that had affected their work. Organization factors are also an influence on the nurses’ turnover in Alhassa region. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nurses’ turnover is a significant issue in a human resource in MOH. This study first applied in Alhassa region that highlighted the factors that affect nurses’ turnover. Nurses’ turnover is a continuous problem that occurs in the health facilities related to management method causes, personal causes or organizational causes. Management style was the most influences on nurses’ turnover in this study changing or modifying management style that can intent nurses to continue their work in the hospital in Alhassa region.
文摘Profitability ratios are a group of financial ratios that indicate how much profit a business is earning within a certain context, while asset utilization ratios indicate how efficient a business is in operating its assets to generate cash. The difference between profitability ratios and turnover ratios is the fact that turnovers are more specific. While profitability ratios measure overall performance in terms of profits, asset utilization ratios focus on specific measurements within the business） We conduct this study to verify the impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ performance during the period from 2009 to 2012. The study showed that there is no significant impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ profitability, and by testing the main and sub hypotheses, the study revealed that there is no significant impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ return on assets （ROA）, there is no significant impact of working capital turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROA, there is no significant impact of total asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROA, and there is no significant impact of fixed asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROA. Also, the study showed that there is no significant impact of turnover ratios on Jordanian services sectors＇ return on equity （ROE）, there is no significant impact of working capital turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROE, there is no significant impact of total asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROE, and there is no significant impact of fixed asset turnover on Jordanian services sectors＇ ROE. Moreover, the study concluded that the educational services sector has the lowest working capital turnover and healthcare services sector has the highest. In addition, we find that the hotels and tourism sector has the lowest total asset turnover ratio, while the utilities and energy sector has the highest and that the hotels and tourism sector has the lowest fixed asset turnover, while the utilities and energy sector has the highest. The transportation sector has the lowest ROA and technology and communication sector has the highest. Finally, we find that transportation sector has the lowest ROE and the technology and communication sector has the highest.
基金This study was supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission(WSGL201605)
文摘Background:Nurses'turnover has been a major concern globally,which is strongly influenced by nurses'intent to leave.However,only a few large sample studies on the predictive factors associated with nurses'turnover intention were conducted in Jiangsu Province.This study mainly aims to examine the level and factors that influence nurses to leave their work in Jiangsu Province of Eastern China.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 1978 nurses was conducted at 48 hospitals in 14 key cities throughout Jiangsu Province.The turnover intention in nurses was measured by the scale of intent to leave the profession.The work environment of nurses was measured by the Chinese version of the Practice Environment Scale.A multiple linear regression model was applied to analyse the factors associated with turnover intention.Results:The resignation rate of nurses in the hospitals of Jiangsu Province ranged from 0.64%to 12.71%in 2016.The mean scores were 15.50±3.44 for turnover intention,and 3.06±0.51 for work environment.Involvement in hospital affairs,resource adequacy,age,professional title,year(s)working,employment type and education level were the predictors of nurse intent to leave(P<0.05).Conclusion:The work environment of nurses in hospitals must be improved in staffing and resource and nurses'involvement in hospital affairs.The current study corroborates that nurses have high turnover intention.Thus,effective measures are needed to improve nurse accomplishment,professional status,participation in hospital affairs and career planning to reduce their turnover intention.
文摘Decomposition experiments of 14C-labelled sickle alfalfa in chao soils of different texture and these soils after removal of CaCO3 were carried out under field and laboratory conditions respectively. The amount of residual 14C in, or 14CO2 evolved from, the soils at intervals after the beginning of decomposition were measured and the distribution of native and labelled C between particle size fractions isolated from these soils was edtermined. Results showed that contents of both labelled (14C) and non-labelled (12C) carbon decreased with increasing particle size. The enrichment factor for 14C was higher than that for 12C in the clay fraction, the reverse being true for the silt enrichment factors. The effect of soil texture on the decomposition of plant material could not be observed in chao soils when the clay content was lower than 270g kg-1, while it became obvious once CaCO3 was removed from these soils. The decomposition rate of plant material in the soil from which the native CaCO3 was removed was correlated significantly to both the clay content of the soil and the application rate of CaCO3. A preliminary correction equation describing the effect of clay and CaCO3 on the decomposition of organic material in chao soil was derived from the results obtained.
文摘Objective:The paper aimed to explore the impact of work support and potential for career advancement on the nurse turnover intention in order to find an effective approach to curb high turnover.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 526 nurses from eight teaching hospitals in Tianjin,China,was conducted to test the hypothesized multilevel model.The organizational career growth scale,work support scale,and the nurse turnover intention scale were used to measure the effect of organizational career growth and work support on nurse turnover intention.Finally,SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 17.0 software were used to analyse the relationship of these variables.Results:The score of the three scales nurse turnover,organizational career growth,and work support were 1.98±0.60,2.40±0.50,and 4.06±0.98,respectively.The total and direct effects of work support on turnover intention were0.361(p<0.01)and0.147(p<0.01),respectively.The indirect effect was0.169 with a 95%bootstrap confidence interval of0.257 to0.102.Conclusion:The study showed a lack of work support negatively and directly associated with nurse turnover intention.Additional opportunities for career growth within the organization may strengthen the effect of work support and consequently increase the retention of qualified nursing staff.
文摘Substantial evidence exists that in addition to the well-known complications of diabetes, increased fracture risk is an important morbidity. This risk is probably due to altered bone properties in diabetes. Circulating biochemical markers of bone turnover have been found to be decreased in type 2 diabetes （T2D） and may be predictive of fractures independently of bone mineral density （BMD）. Serum sclerostin levels have been found to be increased in T2D and appear to be predictive of fracture risk independent of BMD. Bone imaging technologies, including trabecular bone score （TBS） and quantitative CT testing have revealed differences in diabetic bone as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Specifically, high resolution peripheral quantitative CT （HRpQCT） imaging has demonstrated increased cortical porosity in diabetic postmenopausal women. Other factors such as bone marrow fat saturation and advanced glycation endproduct （AGE） accumulation might also relate to bone cell function and fracture risk in diabetes. These data have increased our understanding of how T2D adversely impacts both bone metabolism and fracture risk.
基金jointly supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020 M682951)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC41773088)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDJ-SSW-DQC003).
文摘Background:Old-growth forests are irreplaceable with respect to climate change mitigation and have considerable carbon(C)sink potential in soils.However,the relationship between the soil organic carbon(SOC)turnover rate and forest development is poorly understood,which hinders our ability to assess the C sequestration capacity of soil in old-growth forests.Methods:In this study,we evaluated the SOC turnover rate by calculating the isotopic enrichment factor β(defined as the slope of the regression between ^(13)C natural abundance and log-transformed C concentrations)along 0-30 cm soil profiles in three successional forests in subtropical China.A lower β(steeper slope)is associated with a higher turnover rate.The three forests were a 60-year-old P.massoniana forest(PF),a 100-year-old coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest(MF),and a 400-year-old monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest(BF).We also analyzed the soil physicochemical properties in these forests to examine the dynamics of SOC turnover during forest succession and the main regulators.Results:The β value for the upper 30-cm soils in the BF was significantly(p<0.05)higher than that in the PF,in addition to the SOC stock,although there were nonsignificant differences between the BF and MF.The β value was significantly(p<0.05)positively correlated with the soil recalcitrance index,total nitrogen,and available nitrogen contents but was significantly(p<0.01)negatively correlated with soil pH.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that SOC has lower turnover rates in old-growth forests,accompanied by higher soil chemical recalcitrance,nitrogen status,and lower soil pH.This finding helps to elucidate the mechanism underlying C sequestration in old-growth forest soils,and emphasizes the important value of old-growth forests among global C sinks.
基金supported by Grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD06004040604)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.C2016004)
文摘China's forests cover 208.3 million ha and span a wide range of climates and a large variety of forest types, including tropical, temperate, and boreal forests. However, the variation patterns of fine root (< 2 mm in diameter) biomass, production, and turnover from the south to the north are unclear. This study summarizes fine root biomass (FRB), production (FRP) and turnover rate (FRT) in China's forests as reported by 140 case studies published from 1983 to 2014. The results showed that the mean values of FRB, FRP and FRT in China's forests were 278 g m(-2), 366 g m(-2) a(-1), and 1.19 a(-1), respectively. Compared with other studies at the regional or global scales, FRB in China's forests was lower, FRP was similar to estimates at the global scale, but FRT was much higher. FRB, FRP, and FRT in China's forests increased with increasing mean annual precipitation (MAP), indicating that fine root variables were likely related to MAP, rather than mean annual temperature or latitude. This is possibly due to the small variation in temperature but greater variation in precipitation during the growing season. These findings suggest that spatiotemporal variation in precipitation has a more profound impact on fine root dynamics in China's forests, and this will impact carbon and nutrient cycles driven by root turnover in the future.
基金Foundation： National Natural Science foundation of China, No.40202032 National 973 Project, No.2002CB412403 Program for Young Teachers in Universities in Shanghai, No.2000QN 14 Acknowledgments： We are grateful to the members taking part in a field survey supervised by Professor Zhang Jing for their kind helps in sampling the studied cores in this paper. Thanks are also extended to Mr. Wu Runming and Mr. Zhang Guosen for their instructions and helps in laboratory analyses.
文摘Characteristics and tidal flat trends of soil organic matter （SOM） turnover were studied for the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary, based on analyses of stable carbon isotope composition （δ^13C）, grain sizes and contents of particulate organic carbon （POC）, total nitrogen （TN） and inorganic carbon （TIC） for three cores excavated from high tidal flat, middle tidal flat and bare flat. Results demonstrate that correlations between soil POC contents and δ^13C values of the salt marsh cores were similar to those between soil organic carbon （SOC） contents and δ^13C values of the upper soil layers of mountainous soil profiles with different altitudes. SOM of salt marsh was generally younger than 100 years, and originated mainly from topsoil erosions in catchments of the Yangtze River. Correlations of TN content with C/N ratio, POC content with TIC content and POC content with δ^13C values for the cores suggest that turnover degrees of SOM from the salt marsh are overall low, and trends of SOM turnover are clear from the bare flat to the high tidal flat. Bare flat samples show characteristics of original sediments, with minor SOM turnover. Turnover processes of SOM have occurred and are discernable in the high and middle tidal flats, and the mixing degrees of SOM compartments with different turnover rates increase with evolution of the muddy tidal flat. The exclusive strata structure of alternate muddy laminae and silty laminae originated from dynamic depositional processes on muddy tidal flat was a great obstacle to vertical migration of dissolved materials, and SOM turnover was then constrained. The muddy tidal flat processes exerted direct influences on sequestration and turnover of SOM in the salt marsh, and had great constraints on the spatial and temporal characteristics of SOM turnover of the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71704040)
文摘Objective:This study aims to determine the mediating effects of psychological empowerment on abusive supervision and turnover intention as perceived by nurses to provide information to change the status of nurse turnover.Methods:A cross-sectional survey(a questionnaire examining perceptions of abusive supervision,measurement of psychological empowerment,and questionnaire for turnover intention)was used to collect data.A total of 1127 clinical nurses,who were recruited through convenience sampling,participated in the survey.Results:Nurses'average perceived abusive supervision,psychological empowerment,and turnover intention scores were 1.62±0.95,3.24±0.83,and 14.17±3.78,respectively.Psychological empowerment was found to mediate the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention(P<0.01).Turnover intention tends to be stronger and psychological empowerment reduced when nurse managers adopt an abusive leadership style.Conclusions:Nurses'psychological empowerment is an intermediary variable that predicts the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention.Nurse managers should manage abusive supervision to increase nurses'psychological empowerment and decrease turnover intention.
基金Supported by the National Research Centre during the research plan from 2001-2004 by projects 5/4/5 and 5/5/5 in collaboration with National Liver Institute of Menoufyia University
文摘AIM： To investigate the association between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 （IGF-1）, osteocalcin, and parathyroid hormone （PTH） levels with the etiology and clinical condition of patients with chronic liver disease. METHODS： Eighty children with hepatocellular damage were divided into 3 groups according to the etiology of disease infection： bilharziasis （9 patients）, hepatitis B virus （HBV, 12 patients） and hepatitis C virus （HCV, 29 patients）. The Child score index was found as A in 24 patients, B in 22 patients, C in 4 patients. Thirty healthy children served as control group.HBsAg, HBcAbIgM, HBcAbIgG, and anti-HCV were detected using ELISA technique. HCV-RNA was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Antibllharzial antibodies were detected by indirect haemagglutination test. Liver function tests were performed using autoanalyser. Serum IGF-1, osteocalcin and PTH levels were measured by ELISA technique. Abdominal ultrasonography was also conducted. RESULTS： Serum IGF-1 level was significantly lower in all patient groups with liver diseases, while serum osteocalcin and PTH levels were significantly elevated in patients with HBV and HCV infections compared with the control group. Serum osteocalcin and PTH concentrations were measured with the severity of liver disease from Child A to C. Child A patients unexpectedly showed significantly reduced IGF-1 levels in comparison to patients staged as Child B or C. Serum osteocalcin level was negatively correlated with albumin （14.7 ± 0.54 vs 3.6 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.05）, while that for PTH was positively correlated with total protein （70.1 ± 2.17 vs 6.7 ± 0.10, P 〈 0.05） in patients with HCV infection.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 22072101, 22075193, 51911540473)Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (No. 18KJA480004)+2 种基金the Key Technology Initiative of Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (No. SYG201934)Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province (No. TD-XCL-006)Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘The development of robust photocatalytic systems is key to harvest the solar power for hydrogen production. In the current study, a series of aluminum-based porphyrinic metal organic frameworks (AlTCPP) with various morphologies of bulk, carambola-like and nanosheets are synthesized with modulated layer thickness. Morphology-dependent photocatalytic activities in hydrogen production are witnessed and inversely correlate to the thickness of the Al-TCPP micro-platelets or nanosheets. Particularly, the exfoliated metal organic layers (MOLs) of Al-TCPP demonstrated a high hydrogen yield rate of 1.32×10^(4)μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)that is 21-fold of that from the bulk catalyst, as well as an exceptional TON of6704 that seldom seen in literature. Through comprehensive photochemical characterizations, the remarkable photocatalytic performance of Al-TCPP-MOL is attributed to the great charge separation efficiency and transfer kinetics endowed by the ultrathin 2D morphology with extended active surface area.
文摘Objectives:The unrelenting migration trend of Filipino nurses to other countries has threatened the quality of patient care services in the country.This study explored the extent of nurses'organizational commitment and turnover intention in the Philippines.Furthermore,predictors of nurses'organizational commitment and turnover intention were identified.Methods:A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study.Two hundred nurses from nine rural hospitals in the Central Philippines were asked to participate in the study and 166 nurses responded(an 83%response rate).Two standardized instruments were used:the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and the Six-item Turnover Intention Inventory Scale.Results:Findings revealed that Philippine nurses were moderately committed(3.13±0.24)to and were undecided(2.42±0.67)whether or not to leave their organization.Nurses'age(P=0.006),gender,(t=-2.25,P=0.026),education(t=2.38,P<0.001),rank(t=4.38,P<0.001),and work experience(t=2.18,P=0.031)correlated significantly with organizational commitment,while nurses'age(P=0.028)and education(t=1.99,P=0.048)correlated significantly with turnover intention.An inverse relationship was identified between the organizational commitment and turnover intention(r=-0.22,P=0.005).Conclusion:The findings of this study highlight the need for formulation and implementation of interventions to promote life-long commitment in nurses and to reduce turnover rates.
基金Funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(No.26816WTD23)the National United Engineering Laboratory of Integrated and Intelligent Transportation of Southwest Jiaotong University,P.R.China(No.2682017ZT11)
文摘Based on the factors impact strength model(FISM), we studied on calculation formulas of influence strength and key elements of FISM, and analyzed the turnover time of railway freight transportation of China. The results show that wagon transfer time is the most critical factor among the three subjective factors of wagons turnover time. The FISM based analysis of wagon transfer time show that the wagon turnover time is significantly correlated with transit time with resorting. Among the seven factors of detention time of transit time with resorting, the time of waiting to departing, converging, and waiting to break-up are key factors, while the time of make-up, break-up, arrival and departure are general factors. We carried out one empirical research based on the data of Baoji East Railway Station in 2015. The results of empirical research and FISM are consistent completely.
基金Project supported by the Prophase Special Funds of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No.2001CCB00800).
文摘The methods based on N uptake of aerial-plants, soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, Jenny's equation, and actual measurement of long-term field experiments in Jiaxing, Quzhou, Huangyan and Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province, China were used to determine the organic mineralization rate being helpful in estimating the organic requirement for SOM equilibrium. The results showed that the estimated mineralization ratios of SOM for Jiaxing and Quzhou were, respectively, 0.0404 and 0.0508 based on N uptake of aerial-plants in non-fertilized plots; 0.0405 and 0.012 using SOM dynamics in non-fertilized plots; and 0.0413 and 0.0513 using the actual investigated data and Jenny's equation. With Jenny's equation, soil organic C balance in manure + N-P-K plots was estimated at nearly 28.8 g kg-1 for Jiaxing and 32.4 g kg-1 for Quzhou with predicted SOM linearly related to the actual investigated values (r2 = 0.9640 for Jiaxing and 0.8541 for Quzhou). To maintain the SOM balance in the non-fertilized plots the recommended rate of organic materials was 3 000-6 600 kg ha-1, and the relevant rates of farm yard manure (FYM) in the manure and N-P-K plots were estimated at 3 375 (dry) and 17670 kg ha-1 (wet) for Jiaxing, 1845 (dry) and 6090 kg ha-1 (wet) for Quzhou.
基金Supported by the Work Project of China Geological Survey (1212010911062)Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Innovation Project (0842008)National Natural Science Foundation (40872213)
文摘The three-pool and first-order model separates the mineralizable organic carbon into active,slow,and passive carbon pools.This paper used the model and decomposition curves of the soil organic carbon to fit the active pool and its decomposition rate,slow pool and its decomposition rate.The results showed that the size of the active pool from different profiles accounted for 2.09%-3.08% of the total soil organic carbon and the mean residue time was 3.57-17.21 days.And the size of the slow pool accounted for 3.19%-43.55% and the mean residue time was 1.12-4.94 years.Acid hydrolysis（6M HCl） was used to fractionate the passive organic carbon,which accounted for 50.83%-94.44% of the total soil organic carbon.
基金supported by Grant 81570806 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Growth differentiation factor 11 （GDF11） is an important circulating factor that regulates aging. However, the role of GDF11 in bone metabolism remains unclear. The present study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between serum GDF11 level, bone mass, and bone turnover markers in postmenopausal Chinese women. Serum GDF11 level, bone turnover biochemical markers, and bone mineral density （BMD） were determined in 169 postmenopausal Chinese women （47-78 years old）. GDF11 serum levels increased with aging. There were negative correlations between GDF11 and BMD at the various skeletal sites. After adjusting for age and body mass index （BMI）, the correlations remained statistically significant. In the multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, age or years since menopause, BMI, GDF11, and estradiol were independent predictors of BMD. A significant negative correlation between GDF11 and bone alkaline phosphatase （BAP） was identified and remained significant after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant correlation was noted between cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen （NTX） and GDF11. In conclusion, GDF11 is an independent negative predictor of BMD and correlates with a biomarker of bone formation, BAP, in postmenopausal Chinese women. GDF11 potentially exerts a negative effect on bone mass by regulating bone formation.
基金Supported by grants from the Foundation of Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Centre (No.SHDC12007304)Shanghai Public Health Bureau (No.2009086)
文摘Objective:The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical application value of bone turnover markers in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with bone metastases.Including diagnosing bone metastases,detecting bone metastatic spread.Methods:Alkaline phosphatase(AKP),β-C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen(β-CTx),osteocalcin(OST) and bone alkaline phosphatase(BALP) were measured in 76 patients with bone metastases from NSCLC and 44 normal people.Results:The level of AKP,β-CTx and BALP in patients with bone metastasis was significantly higher than in the normal people.Significant correlation was observed among bone turnover markers.The levels of BALP and OST were significantly correlated with the extent of bone metastasis.The patients with high-level CTx and low-level BALP had higher risk of pathologic fracture.Conclusion:In NSCLC patients with bone metastases,bone turnover markers can help to make diagnosis and evaluate the severity.It will have a wide range of use in clinical practice.
