As a major global public health issue,tuberculosis is closely related to multiple socio-ecological factors in its epidemiological patterns~([1]).China,as a high-burden country for tuberculosis,exhibits regional variat...As a major global public health issue,tuberculosis is closely related to multiple socio-ecological factors in its epidemiological patterns~([1]).China,as a high-burden country for tuberculosis,exhibits regional variations in the distribution of the tuberculosis epidemic.To enhance the efficiency of prevention and control,its strategies are undergoing a transition toward regionally differentiated approaches~([2]).展开更多
We aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis （TB） health workers in China and provide evidences of potential inequity for policy development. We used Lorenz curves and Gini index to characterize the distrib...We aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis （TB） health workers in China and provide evidences of potential inequity for policy development. We used Lorenz curves and Gini index to characterize the distribution of TB health workers by population size, geographical area and number of annual registered TB cases. An additional stratified analysis was done by three economic regions. The Gini index were 0.33 for population size, 0.62 for geographical area and 0.30 for number of registered tuberculosis cases that indicated an acceptable average, significant inequity and a relative average distribution nationwide respectively.展开更多
Objective: to explore the application of health education in tuberculosis control in school. Methods: conduct 1000 students from January 2020 to December 2020 for health education on tuberculosis prevention and contro...Objective: to explore the application of health education in tuberculosis control in school. Methods: conduct 1000 students from January 2020 to December 2020 for health education on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge, and compare the differences between student awareness of tuberculosis knowledge, tuberculosis prevention awareness, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate before and after health education. Results: after health education on TB control knowledge, the awareness of TB knowledge, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate were higher than before health education, P <0.05. Conclusion: TB prevention knowledge and health belief and health behavior.展开更多
Background:Although Ghana does not fall into the category of those countries which have a high burden of tuberculosis(TB),the disease does present considerable economic and health limitations to individuals infected w...Background:Although Ghana does not fall into the category of those countries which have a high burden of tuberculosis(TB),the disease does present considerable economic and health limitations to individuals infected with,and affected by,the disease,as well as to the health system in general.Despite this fact,insufficient studies have been done on the key barriers to controlling the disease.This paper presents results from an exploratory study on the constraints of controlling TB in Ghana based on the opinions of health service providers.Methods:In-depth interviews were conducted with frontline health workers involved in TB control in the country.Participants were purposively selected from a pool of national and regional,and district and facility level coordinators of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme(NTP).One key informant was also selected from an international non-governmental organisation(NGO)involved in TB-related activities in Ghana.Observations were utilised to complement the study.Data were analysed inductively.Results:Respondents identified the following as being constraints to TB control:clinical complication,bottlenecks in funding administration,quality of physical infrastructure,competition for attention and funding,unsatisfactory coordination between TB and HIV control programmes,a poor public-private partnership,and weak monitoring and evaluation of interventions.Conclusions:This paper provides evidence of some key barriers to TB control.The barriers,as reported,were generally health system-based.Although this list of barriers is not exhaustive,it would be useful to take them into account when planning for TB control,thus adopting a more rounded approach to TB management in the country.As well as that,further studies should be done to explore patients’views on health service-related barriers to TB control.展开更多
The progress of the World Bank loaned TB control project implemented from the second quarter of 1991 to the fourth quarter of 1993 was reported in this paper. In the past three years, 737 counties of the 12 provinces ...The progress of the World Bank loaned TB control project implemented from the second quarter of 1991 to the fourth quarter of 1993 was reported in this paper. In the past three years, 737 counties of the 12 provinces with the popula-展开更多
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, and Chinese TB burden ranked the second globally. Chinese primary healthcare (PHC) sectors implement the TB Control Program (TCP) to improve active cas...Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, and Chinese TB burden ranked the second globally. Chinese primary healthcare (PHC) sectors implement the TB Control Program (TCP) to improve active case finding, referral, treatment adherence, and health education. This study aimed to identify barriers and enablers of TCP implementation in high TB burden regions of West China.Methods We conducted a representative study using mixed-methods in 28 counties or districts in Chongqing Municipality and Guizhou Province of West China from October 2021 to May 2022. Questionnaire surveys and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 2720 TB healthcare workers (HCWs) and 20 interviewees in PHC sectors. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to investigate TB HCWs’ characteristics, and path analysis model was utilized to analyze the impact of associated factors on TCP implementation. Thematic framework analysis was developed with the guide of the adapted Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) on factors of TCP implementation.Results This study found that 84.6% and 94.1% of community and village HCWs had low professional titles. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis, lower TB core knowledge scores (-0.09) were identified as barriers for TCP implementation in community PHC sectors, and low working satisfaction (-0.17) and low working willingness (-0.10) are barriers for TPC implementation in village PHC sectors. The results of in-depth interviews reported barriers in all domains and enablers in four domains of CFIR. There were identified 19 CFIR constructs associated with TCP implementation, including 22 barriers such as HCWs’ heavy workload, and 12 enablers such as HCWs’ passion towards TCP planning.Conclusions With the guide of the CFIR framework, complex factors (barriers and enablers) of TCP implementation in PHC sectors of West China were explored, which provided important evidences to promote TB program in high TB burden regions. Further implementation studies to translate those factors into implementation strategies are urgent needed.展开更多
Since the founding of new China, the status of tuberculosis (TB) has been greatly improved through effective control measures and application of research achievements. In the early 1950s, more than 90% of adults in Sh...Since the founding of new China, the status of tuberculosis (TB) has been greatly improved through effective control measures and application of research achievements. In the early 1950s, more than 90% of adults in Shanghai and Tianjin had been infected. Tuberculosis ranked the first among the leading causes of death in big cities and the mortality rate reached 169-259/100000 in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Hangzhou. The estimated prevalence of tuberculosis in the urban area (3500/100000) was higher than that in the countryside (1500/100000).展开更多
The results of three nationwide epidemiological surveys on tuberculosis showed the declination of the magnitude of tuberculosis from 1979 to 1990 was slower. The case registration rates and new case registration rates...The results of three nationwide epidemiological surveys on tuberculosis showed the declination of the magnitude of tuberculosis from 1979 to 1990 was slower. The case registration rates and new case registration rates within ten years展开更多
Health care facilities are a high-risk environment for generating and spreading respiratory infectious diseases such as tuberculosis （TB）. The TB prevention and treatment staff in health care facilities are responsi...Health care facilities are a high-risk environment for generating and spreading respiratory infectious diseases such as tuberculosis （TB）. The TB prevention and treatment staff in health care facilities are responsible for the identification, diagnosis, treatment, supervision, and management of TB patients .展开更多
文摘As a major global public health issue,tuberculosis is closely related to multiple socio-ecological factors in its epidemiological patterns~([1]).China,as a high-burden country for tuberculosis,exhibits regional variations in the distribution of the tuberculosis epidemic.To enhance the efficiency of prevention and control,its strategies are undergoing a transition toward regionally differentiated approaches~([2]).
基金supported by Ministry of Health,China and the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency granted project "Evidence for Policy and Implementation (EPI-4) Intensifying efforts to achieve the health-related MDGs in four countries with developing economies"
文摘We aimed to describe the distribution of tuberculosis （TB） health workers in China and provide evidences of potential inequity for policy development. We used Lorenz curves and Gini index to characterize the distribution of TB health workers by population size, geographical area and number of annual registered TB cases. An additional stratified analysis was done by three economic regions. The Gini index were 0.33 for population size, 0.62 for geographical area and 0.30 for number of registered tuberculosis cases that indicated an acceptable average, significant inequity and a relative average distribution nationwide respectively.
文摘Objective: to explore the application of health education in tuberculosis control in school. Methods: conduct 1000 students from January 2020 to December 2020 for health education on tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge, and compare the differences between student awareness of tuberculosis knowledge, tuberculosis prevention awareness, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate before and after health education. Results: after health education on TB control knowledge, the awareness of TB knowledge, health belief rate and health behavior formation rate were higher than before health education, P <0.05. Conclusion: TB prevention knowledge and health belief and health behavior.
文摘Background:Although Ghana does not fall into the category of those countries which have a high burden of tuberculosis(TB),the disease does present considerable economic and health limitations to individuals infected with,and affected by,the disease,as well as to the health system in general.Despite this fact,insufficient studies have been done on the key barriers to controlling the disease.This paper presents results from an exploratory study on the constraints of controlling TB in Ghana based on the opinions of health service providers.Methods:In-depth interviews were conducted with frontline health workers involved in TB control in the country.Participants were purposively selected from a pool of national and regional,and district and facility level coordinators of the National Tuberculosis Control Programme(NTP).One key informant was also selected from an international non-governmental organisation(NGO)involved in TB-related activities in Ghana.Observations were utilised to complement the study.Data were analysed inductively.Results:Respondents identified the following as being constraints to TB control:clinical complication,bottlenecks in funding administration,quality of physical infrastructure,competition for attention and funding,unsatisfactory coordination between TB and HIV control programmes,a poor public-private partnership,and weak monitoring and evaluation of interventions.Conclusions:This paper provides evidence of some key barriers to TB control.The barriers,as reported,were generally health system-based.Although this list of barriers is not exhaustive,it would be useful to take them into account when planning for TB control,thus adopting a more rounded approach to TB management in the country.As well as that,further studies should be done to explore patients’views on health service-related barriers to TB control.
文摘The progress of the World Bank loaned TB control project implemented from the second quarter of 1991 to the fourth quarter of 1993 was reported in this paper. In the past three years, 737 counties of the 12 provinces with the popula-
基金The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72374207)the Chongqing outstanding youth project(No.cstc2020jcyjjq0035)。
文摘Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, and Chinese TB burden ranked the second globally. Chinese primary healthcare (PHC) sectors implement the TB Control Program (TCP) to improve active case finding, referral, treatment adherence, and health education. This study aimed to identify barriers and enablers of TCP implementation in high TB burden regions of West China.Methods We conducted a representative study using mixed-methods in 28 counties or districts in Chongqing Municipality and Guizhou Province of West China from October 2021 to May 2022. Questionnaire surveys and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 2720 TB healthcare workers (HCWs) and 20 interviewees in PHC sectors. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to investigate TB HCWs’ characteristics, and path analysis model was utilized to analyze the impact of associated factors on TCP implementation. Thematic framework analysis was developed with the guide of the adapted Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) on factors of TCP implementation.Results This study found that 84.6% and 94.1% of community and village HCWs had low professional titles. Based on the results of multiple regression analysis and correlation analysis, lower TB core knowledge scores (-0.09) were identified as barriers for TCP implementation in community PHC sectors, and low working satisfaction (-0.17) and low working willingness (-0.10) are barriers for TPC implementation in village PHC sectors. The results of in-depth interviews reported barriers in all domains and enablers in four domains of CFIR. There were identified 19 CFIR constructs associated with TCP implementation, including 22 barriers such as HCWs’ heavy workload, and 12 enablers such as HCWs’ passion towards TCP planning.Conclusions With the guide of the CFIR framework, complex factors (barriers and enablers) of TCP implementation in PHC sectors of West China were explored, which provided important evidences to promote TB program in high TB burden regions. Further implementation studies to translate those factors into implementation strategies are urgent needed.
文摘Since the founding of new China, the status of tuberculosis (TB) has been greatly improved through effective control measures and application of research achievements. In the early 1950s, more than 90% of adults in Shanghai and Tianjin had been infected. Tuberculosis ranked the first among the leading causes of death in big cities and the mortality rate reached 169-259/100000 in Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and Hangzhou. The estimated prevalence of tuberculosis in the urban area (3500/100000) was higher than that in the countryside (1500/100000).
文摘The results of three nationwide epidemiological surveys on tuberculosis showed the declination of the magnitude of tuberculosis from 1979 to 1990 was slower. The case registration rates and new case registration rates within ten years
基金funded by the China-Gates Foundation TB Control Project(Phase Ⅱ)(51914)
文摘Health care facilities are a high-risk environment for generating and spreading respiratory infectious diseases such as tuberculosis （TB）. The TB prevention and treatment staff in health care facilities are responsible for the identification, diagnosis, treatment, supervision, and management of TB patients .
